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Yeoncheon County

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Yeoncheon County ( Yeoncheon-gun ) is a county in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea . The county seat is Yeoncheon-eup (연천읍) and sits on Gyeongwon Line , the Korail railroad line connecting Seoul, South Korea (ROK), with North Korea (DPRK).

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33-774: A variety of paleolithic relics have been discovered at Jeongok-ri, first in 1978. Since 1993 the Yeoncheon Jeongok-ri Paleolithic Festival has celebrated the discovery. Yeoncheon was the site of the Battle of Yultong during the Korean War , where the Philippine 10th Battalion Combat Team defended their position during the First Chinese Spring Offensive . In August 2015, over 100 civilians were evacuated from

66-479: A battle in one's favor. Varying forms of fire support have existed since the advent of early cannons and rockets , which were used to bombard enemy positions and fortifications to support infantry. Warships have long provided fire support using their cannons. The use of fire support in its current form developed during World War I and World War II , when combined arms and advances in technology and tactics made fire support increasingly effective. Fire support

99-607: A decisive victory by coalition forces. More recently Artillery has been used in the Russo-Ukrainian war to bombard troops and key positions. When the war first broke out, the United States sent artillery aid including shells, cannons and Patriot missile defense systems to aid Ukraine. As of 2023, Fire support by tanks and artillery have been used by the Israeli Defense Force to bombard key positions in

132-591: A large smoke screen to cover their advance, and lacking the ability to do so themselves (e.g. insufficient effectiveness using grenades ), may call for fire support from a capable nearby mortar unit. Fire support can reduce friendly casualties whilst devastating enemy capabilities and morale. Effective use of fire support—as seen during the 2018 Battle of Khasham of the Syrian Civil War , where an outnumbered force used various forms of fire support to their advantage, avoiding serious casualties—may help swing

165-997: Is a military term used to describe weapons fire used to support friendly forces by engaging, suppressing , or destroying enemy forces, facilities, or materiel in combat . It is often provided through indirect fire , though the term may also be used for some forms of supporting direct fire . The United States Department of Defense defines fire support as " fires that directly support land , maritime , amphibious , and special operations forces to engage enemy forces, combat formations, and facilities in pursuit of tactical and operational objectives." Fire support generally consists of fire from heavy or crew-served weaponry with high firepower , including strikes and barrages from artillery , mortars , rocket artillery , and missiles ; naval gunfire support from naval artillery ; airstrikes , strafes , and close air support from military aircraft ; and drone strikes from unmanned combat aerial vehicles ; among various other forms. Fire support

198-567: Is defined as "assistance to infantry and armored units by artillery fire, naval gunfire, and airplane strafing and bombing." Early versions of artillery included the Roman ballista, essentially a large, mounted version of a crossbow that fired a single arrow. The first documented use of bombards, (large mortars) in Europe as we know them today was at the siege of Algeciras in 1343. By the 1470s, casting and metal work dramatically improved, giving way to

231-500: Is typically ordered and directed by an observer (e.g. artillery observer , forward air controller , etc.) on the front line , and provided by a weapon crew or operator in the rear , usually from a fortification , vehicle , or facility (such as a fire support base ). Fire support is used to support and supplement military units that may lack the capabilities or firepower offered by fire support. For example, an infantry unit needing heavy explosives to bombard an enemy emplacement, or

264-532: The Battle of Meiluodong ( Chinese : 美罗洞战斗 ; pinyin : Měiluódòng Zhàndòu ), Battle of Yuldong , or Battle of Yuldong-ri , took place during the Korean War . It was fought between approximately 15,000 soldiers from elements of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army (PVA) 34th Division (44th Division from Chinese sources) and 900 Filipino soldiers 10th Battalion Combat Team (BCT), north of Yeoncheon during April 22–23, 1951. The battle

297-657: The Imjin River , while the attached Philippine 10th BCT held the regiment's right flank near Route 33. The Turkish Brigade , was just east of the Filipino unit . Opposite the United Nations Command forces in the area were the PVA's III Army Group, composed of the 12th, 15th , and 60th Armies. The overall commander of the PVA forces, Peng Dehuai , planned to have the 12th and 15th Army attack and encircle

330-870: The Ages: A Short Illustrated History of Cannon, Emphasizing Types Used in America. Division of Publications, National Park Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1985. O’Donohue, Daniel. Jont Fire Support. United States Military, 2019, Joint Publication 3-09, Accessed 29 Apr. 2024. Ratiliff, Timothy. “Field Artillery and Fire Support at the Operational Level: An Analysis of Operation Desert Storm and Operation Iraqi Freedom.” School of Advanced Military Studies, United States Military, 2017, pp. 1–49. Why, Robert A. “The Evolution of Fire Support Doctrine Was Driven by Airmobile Doctrine and New Weapon Systems During

363-623: The Ages: A Short Illustrated History of Cannon, Emphasizing Types Used in America. Division of Publications, National Park Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1985. O’Donohue, Daniel. Jont Fire Support. United States Military, 2019, Joint Publication 3-09, Accessed 29 Apr. 2024. Ratiliff, Timothy. “Field Artillery and Fire Support at the Operational Level: An Analysis of Operation Desert Storm and Operation Iraqi Freedom.” School of Advanced Military Studies, United States Military, 2017, pp. 1–49. Why, Robert A. “The Evolution of Fire Support Doctrine Was Driven by Airmobile Doctrine and New Weapon Systems During

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396-946: The Front in World War I.” American Battle Monuments Commission, 24 Oct. 2017, www.abmc.gov/news-events/news/bombardments-and-barrages-preparing-american-artillery-front-world-war-i#:~:text=New%20techniques%20they%20learned%20allowed,fire%20into%20a%20defined%20area. Accessed 14 May 2024. Coyne, James. “Weapons - Drones (Rpvs) | The Gulf War | Frontline.” PBS, Public Broadcasting Service, 1993, www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/wgbh/pages/frontline/gulf/weapons/drones.html#:~:text=According%20to%20a%20May%201991,Corps%2094%3B%20the%20Army%2048. Accessed 14 May 2024. Golonka, Adrian. “The Role of Artillery in Joint Fire Support.” Safety & Defense, Safeth & Defense, 3 Nov. 2021, sd-magazine.eu/index.php/sd/article/view/136. Accessed 14 May 2024. A graduate of

429-1637: The Front in World War I.” American Battle Monuments Commission, 24 Oct. 2017, www.abmc.gov/news-events/news/bombardments-and-barrages-preparing-american-artillery-front-world-war-i#:~:text=New%20techniques%20they%20learned%20allowed,fire%20into%20a%20defined%20area. Accessed 14 May 2024. Coyne, James. “Weapons - Drones (Rpvs) | The Gulf War | Frontline.” PBS, Public Broadcasting Service, 1993, www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/wgbh/pages/frontline/gulf/weapons/drones.html#:~:text=According%20to%20a%20May%201991,Corps%2094%3B%20the%20Army%2048. Accessed 14 May 2024. Golonka, Adrian. “The Role of Artillery in Joint Fire Support.” Safety & Defense, Safeth & Defense, 3 Nov. 2021, sd-magazine.eu/index.php/sd/article/view/136. Accessed 14 May 2024. Admin. “U.S. and German Field Artillery in World War II: A Comparison.” The Army Historical Foundation, 7 Apr. 2023, armyhistory.org/u-s-and-german-field-artillery-in-world-war-ii-a-comparison/. Accessed 14 May 2024. Alexd. “Guadalcanal: The Joint Fight: The National WWII Museum: New Orleans.” The National WWII Museum | New Orleans, The National World War II Museum, 8 Feb. 2023, www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/guadalcanal-joint-fight-0. Accessed 14 May 2024. “Artillery Played ‘decisive’ Role in 1st Gulf War.” AUSA, 7 Aug. 2020, www.ausa.org/news/artillery-played-%E2%80%98decisive%E2%80%99-role-1st-gulf-war. Accessed 14 May 2024. Blosser, Kelly. “Naval Surface Fire Support—Mission Planning and Coordination.” US Navy, 1996, Accessed 02 May 2024. “Bombardments and Barrages: Preparing American Artillery for

462-555: The Naval Academy in 1930 Commander McMillian has had considerable and varied experience in connection with gunfire support strategy and tactics. He prepared the gunfire support plans for Attu. “Gunfire Support Lessons Learned in World War II.” U.S. Naval Institute, 10 Dec. 2020, www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1948/august/gunfire-support-lessons-learned-world-war-ii. Accessed 14 May 2024. Manucy, Albert C. Artillery through

495-650: The PVA forces. At 12:15, the 10th BCT finally received orders from Gen. Robert Soule to fall back to Line Kansas, withdrawing to a position in Anhung-ri. For their actions, Capt. Conrado D. Yap was posthumously awarded the Philippine Medal of Valor and the U.S. Distinguished Service Cross , while Lt. Jose Artiaga Jr. was posthumously awarded the Philippine Distinguished Conduct Star . On July 27, 2018, Capt. Yap

528-988: The Philippine troops left Korea on 13 May 1955. On 24 April 1951, the 10th BCT was attached to the British 29th Brigade Group as a reserve force and would later participate in the attempted rescue of the Gloucestershire Regiment during the Battle of the Imjin River . On 22 April 1966, the 15th anniversary of the Chinese Spring Offensive, a monument was erected to commemorate the battle in Yeoncheon, South Korea. 38°7′45″N 127°3′59″E  /  38.12917°N 127.06639°E  / 38.12917; 127.06639  ( Yultong ) Fire support Fire support

561-460: The Tank (renamed into Heavy Weapons) Company. Tank Company commander Capt. Conrado Yap led a counterattack towards the hill to rescue any survivors and recover the dead men of B Company. Although Capt. Yap lost his life in the counterattack, Tank Company succeeded in their objective and recovered a squad of survivors. The 10th BCT held their positions until early morning and covered the retreat of

594-534: The Turkish Brigade and 24th Infantry Division. The assault began at 20:00 on 22 April when the enemy hit the Turkish Brigade with an artillery barrage . Shortly after midnight, an artillery and mortar barrage followed by intense small-arms and machine gun fire struck the entire 3rd Division line. While the Turkish Brigade were engaged in fierce battle, the 10th BCT, deployed in the Yultong area on

627-472: The Turkish Brigade and the U.S. 3rd Infantry Division, respectively. Near the Imjin River, the 15th Army had a narrow zone between the river and Route 33 projecting through the area held by the 65th Regiment. Along Route 33 and east of it, the 12th Army and 60th Army were to attack through ground held by the Philippine 10th BCT on the right flank of the 3rd Division and through the Pogae-san ridges occupied by

660-491: The U.S. 3rd Division. At first light, the PVA offensive gradually declined, and the battalion launched a counterattack to restore the lost area of B Company. C Company supported by two M24 Chaffee light tanks of Recon Company and an allied artillery unit led the counterattack. At 09:00 on 23 April, Gen. James Van Fleet , commander of the U.S. Eighth Army, ordered a withdrawal to Line Kansas after concluding that many units in I and IX Corps were in danger of being enveloped by

693-709: The Vietnam War.” Mansfield State University, 2004, pp. 1–90. “World War II Aviation.” Homepage, Smithosnian, 13 July 2006, airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/world-war-ii-aviation-uh. Accessed 14 May 2024. A graduate of the Naval Academy in 1930 Commander McMillian has had considerable and varied experience in connection with gunfire support strategy and tactics. He prepared the gunfire support plans for Attu. “Gunfire Support Lessons Learned in World War II.” U.S. Naval Institute, 10 Dec. 2020, www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1948/august/gunfire-support-lessons-learned-world-war-ii. Accessed 14 May 2024. Manucy, Albert C. Artillery through

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726-583: The area after North and South Korea exchanged artillery fire. The city is divided into two eup (towns) and eight myeon (townships): Yeoncheon has a monsoon-influenced humid continental climate ( Köppen : Dwa ) with cold, dry winters and hot, rainy summers. This South Korea location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Battle of Yultong [REDACTED] UN Command The Battle of Yultong ( Korean :  율동 전투 ; RR :  Yultong Jeontu ; Filipino : Labanan sa Yultong ), also known as

759-562: The left of the Turkish Brigade, from 23:00 was assaulted in waves by the PVA and fought a series of close combat engagements within its positions. Communication with the 65th Regiment was disconnected by enemy artillery and some friendly fire support but was restored at 00:30. Around midnight, the Turkish Brigade were ordered to withdraw to a position on the Line Kansas south of the Hantan River . The 65th Regiment's 2nd Battalion

792-642: The mid-18th century artillery pieces were making an appearance in North America, most notably during the French and Indian War . Artillery was later used by the Americans in their war for independence . The Continental Army used cannons captured at Fort Ticonderoga to win the Battle of Yorktown , the last major battle of the American Revolution. During the first World War, fire support

825-505: The modern cannon. In the early 15th century, cast iron balls were invented for cannons. These balls, combined with gunpowder, were commonly used during sieges. By around 1550, the French had begun categorizing their guns by caliber, leading to a more organized formation of artillery. Circa 1650, the French garrison gun was invented. The garrison gun was usually mounted and tied down to reduce recoil, and could be mounted in very small spaces. By

858-536: The units. The battalion's Baker (B) Company, commanded by Lt. Jose Artiaga Jr., was defending the strategic Yultong Hill when PVA forces overran their position; the left platoon of B Company was pushed back from their position at 03:00 and, after four hours of furious combat, the PVA infiltrated as deeply as Charlie (C) Company position in the reserve area. The company suffered heavy casualties, including Lt. Artiaga. The battalion commander , Col. Dionisio S. Ojeda, received orders to withdraw. All units complied, except

891-846: The war against Hamas. Admin. “U.S. and German Field Artillery in World War II: A Comparison.” The Army Historical Foundation, 7 Apr. 2023, armyhistory.org/u-s-and-german-field-artillery-in-world-war-ii-a-comparison/. Accessed 14 May 2024. Alexd. “Guadalcanal: The Joint Fight: The National WWII Museum: New Orleans.” The National WWII Museum | New Orleans, The National World War II Museum, 8 Feb. 2023, www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/guadalcanal-joint-fight-0. Accessed 14 May 2024. “Artillery Played ‘decisive’ Role in 1st Gulf War.” AUSA, 7 Aug. 2020, www.ausa.org/news/artillery-played-%E2%80%98decisive%E2%80%99-role-1st-gulf-war. Accessed 14 May 2024. Blosser, Kelly. “Naval Surface Fire Support—Mission Planning and Coordination.” US Navy, 1996, Accessed 02 May 2024. “Bombardments and Barrages: Preparing American Artillery for

924-742: Was awarded the First Class Taegeuk Cordon of the Order of Military Merit on the 65th anniversary of the Korean Armistice Agreement . The 10th Battalion Combat Team reported around 12 killed, 38 wounded, and 6 missing in action. PVA losses were reported to be more than 500 killed and 2 captured. A total of 7,740 Filipino officers and men served in Korea. They suffered 116 killed in action, 299 wounded and 57 missing (41 repatriated during POW exchanges). The last of

957-432: Was forced to fall back several hundred yards to regroup due to the intensity of the PVA attack. At 01:00 of 23 April, the 29th and 44th Divisions of the PVA 15th Army surrounded the 65th Regiment, cutting off its retreat. The battle forced the 10th BCT's drivers, typists, clerks, medics, cooks, and even the chaplain to join the active combatants. Each company was dispersed and fought in confusion without contact between

990-455: Was mainly in the western and eastern theaters, while naval fire support was used during the pacific theater, however a large number of ships were used to give fire support on D-Day. During World War II there was a large use of aerial fire support that included major improvements in technology in all theaters and campaigns of the second world war. During the Vietnam War, fire support was used to flush out Viet Cong positions. Most notably, napalm

1023-457: Was mostly used preemptively before an infantry attack. Artillery was often used to destroy enemy forces and positions, as well as obstacles in and near trenches. During this time, we also see the introduction of chemical fire support, using chemical compounds inside of shells in addition to conventional armaments. During the second World War, there was a joint usage of fire support by field artillery, naval fire support and air support. Field artillery

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1056-502: Was part of the Chinese Spring Offensive . The Philippine 10th BCT was attached to the U.S. 3rd Infantry Division at the time of the offensive. Initially composed of 9 troops, the battalion was reduced to 9 men due to previous casualties and other losses. To prepare for the incoming PVA offensive, the U.S. 65th Infantry Regiment deployed its 3rd and 2nd Battalions, facing west and northwest, respectively, along

1089-412: Was used to destroy forests and jungles, resulting in less cover for the enemy. During Operation Desert Storm the United States used fire support, particularly onboard naval craft to bombard positions. During this operation, we also see the introduction of drones into combat, as a way to provide fire support from the air without a manned aircraft. During Operation Desert storm, Artillery was used to achieve

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