Liu Yan ( pronunciation ) (died 194 ), courtesy name Junlang , was a Chinese politician and warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. He was also a member of the extended family of the Han emperors. For most of his career he served as the governor of Yi Province (covering present-day Sichuan and Chongqing ), which he developed into an independent power base. His domain was passed on to his son Liu Zhang , and eventually to Liu Bei , who founded the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period.
14-505: Yi Prefecture or Yizhou may refer to: Yizhou (Southwest China) ( 益州 ), a historical province of China covering Southwest China Yi Prefecture (Shandong) ( 沂州 ), active between the 7th and 18th centuries Yi Prefecture (Guangxi) ( 宜州 ), active between the 7th and 13th centuries Yi Prefecture (Hebei) Yi Prefecture (Korea) , now known as Uiju or Uiju County Yizhou District, Hechi ( 宜州区 ), district of Hechi, Guangxi named after
28-460: A relative of his, but the latter turned against Zhang, conquered most of Yi Province , and proclaimed the Kingdom of Shu . During the subsequent Hanzhong Campaign (217–219), Liu Bei was able to conquer Hanzhong from Cao Cao and thus complete his control over Yi Province. In 221, Liu Bei assumed the title of emperor. Liu Yan (Han dynasty warlord) Liu Yan was a descendant of Liu Yu , who
42-674: The First Great Qiang Rebellion (107–118) in Liang Province , unrest also spread to the Hanzhong and Wudu commanderies. In 188, Liu Yan was appointed governor of Yi Province. Upon his death in 194, Yi passed to his son Liu Zhang . In 213, warlord Cao Cao conquered the city of Hanzhong from the Taoist cult leader Zhang Lu , and threatened the rest of Yi. Liu Zhang requested the help of warlord Liu Bei ,
56-469: The Han central government. His next step in gaining control of the region was to rein in the power of the local families, who had their own wealth and large private armies. He executed the leaders of over 10 families, but another powerful family leader Jia Long ( 賈龍 ) banded together with others and rebelled. Although the armies of the families were powerful, Liu Yan's forces eventually prevailed. The next threat
70-538: The advice, and with his private army set off for his new post in 188. After arriving in Yi Province, Liu Yan was confronted with his first crisis. Ma Xiang ( 馬相 ) and Zhao Zhi ( 趙祗 ) started a rebellion in the region, claiming to be part of the Yellow Turban Rebellion . Liu Yan enlisted the help of powerful local families to raise an army and put down the rebellion. Once firmly in control of
84-471: The capital and seize it. With the help of his sons in the city, the armies attacked, but were defeated. In the hasty retreat, Liu Fan and Liu Dan were captured by Li Jue's forces as they tried to flee Chang'an, and were tortured and killed. Liu Zhang, however, barely managed to escape and join up with his father, who returned once again to Yi Province. In summer of the same year, Liu Yan's residence in Mianzhu
98-526: The emperor. During the reign of Emperor Ling , the central court became a politically dangerous place, which Liu Yan wanted to distance himself from. Initially, Liu Yan wanted to be the Governor of Jiaozhi , but an adviser of his, Dong Fu ( 董扶 ), suggested that being the Governor of Yi Province , at that time considered a backward and distant province of the Han Empire, would be auspicious. Liu Yan took
112-533: The historical prefecture Yizhou District, Hami ( 伊州区 ), district of Hami, Xinjiang Yizhou (island) ( 夷洲 ), an island described in historical texts that is possibly Taiwan or the Ryukyus See also [ edit ] Yi (disambiguation) [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
126-479: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yizhou&oldid=1245475048 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Articles containing Chinese-language text Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Yizhou (Southwest China) Yizhou (益州), Yi Province or Yi Prefecture ,
140-478: The region, he plotted to gain independence from the central Han government. The first step in his plan was to send Zhang Lu and Zhang Xiu ( 張脩 ) to attack the forces of the official Han governor of Hanzhong , Su Gu ( 蘇固 ) and take over his territory. Zhang Lu first killed Zhang Xiu, and after absorbing the latter's armies he successfully managed to kill Su Gu and take control of the territory, which created an independent buffer state between Liu Yan's Yi Province and
154-575: Was Prince of Lu in the early Han dynasty. Because his branch of the Liu family was powerful, and because he proved himself to be an able statesman, he quickly rose through the ranks of the court. However, in July 160, with the death of his teacher Zhu Tian (祝恬), he resigned his position to observe a mourning period as per the traditions of the day. The highest post he reached was that of Minister of Ceremonies ( 太常 ), or person responsible for ceremonies related to
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#1732764849088168-512: Was a zhou (province) of ancient China . Its capital city was Chengdu . During the Han dynasty , it included the commanderies Hanzhong , Ba , Guanghan , Shu , Wenshan , Jianwei , Zangke , Yuexi , Yizhou and Yongchang . It was bordered in the north by Liang Province and Yong Province . At its greatest extent, Yi covered present-day central and eastern Sichuan , Chongqing , southern Shaanxi and parts of Yunnan and Guizhou . During
182-569: Was from the Qiang people , who attacked Liu Yan's capital of Mianzhu ( 綿竹 ). However, Liu Yan's forces were able to successfully defend their territory from being ravaged. In c. April 194, when Li Jue and Guo Si gained control of Chang'an after Dong Zhuo 's death, three of Liu Yan's sons (Liu Fan, Liu Dan, and Liu Zhang) were in Chang'an serving in various government posts. Liu Yan joined forces with Han Sui and Ma Teng in an attempt to attack
196-434: Was struck by lightning and burnt down, forcing him to relocate the provincial capital to Chengdu . It is said that the grief caused by the loss of two sons and the stress from the Mianzhu fire caused him to develop an illness on his back, which would eventually cause his death later in the year. His death left his fourth and youngest son Liu Zhang in control of Yi Province. In the 14th-century historical novel Romance of
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