The October Yusin ( Korean : 10월 유신 ; RR : Siwol Yusin ) or October Restoration was an October 1972 South Korean self-coup in which President Park Chung Hee assumed dictatorial powers. Park had come to power as the head of the Supreme Council for National Reconstruction after the May 16 coup of 1961, and in 1963 he won elections and assumed office as civilian president.
25-632: Yushin may refer to: The October Restoration , a coup d'etat in the history of South Korea The Yushin Constitution , a constitution established after the coup Yushin High School , a high school in Suwon, South Korea Yushin Okami , a mixed martial artist Sergeant Yushin, referring to either of two fictional characters: An antagonist in
50-709: A largely ceremonial role [REDACTED] Dutch Council of State is an advisory body that consists of one or two members of the royal family and other members appointed by the Crown [REDACTED] East Timorese Council of State is the political advisory body of the President of East Timor [REDACTED] Egyptian Council of State [REDACTED] Finnish Government is literally referred to as council of state in Finnish ( valtioneuvosto ) and Swedish ( statsrådet ) [REDACTED] French Council of State
75-457: Is a governmental body in a country, or a subdivision of a country, with a function that varies by jurisdiction. It may be the formal name for the cabinet or it may refer to a non-executive advisory body associated with a head of state . In some countries it functions as a supreme administrative court and is sometimes regarded as the equivalent of a privy council . Modern [ edit ] [REDACTED] Belgian Council of State
100-416: Is a judicial and advisory body that assists the executive with obligatory legal advice on each draft law and is the supreme court for administrative justice [REDACTED] Chinese State Council is the country's highest executive body [REDACTED] Colombian Council of State [REDACTED] Cuban Council of State [REDACTED] Danish Council of State is similar to a privy council with
125-468: Is a judicial and advisory body. It assists the executive with legal advice and is the supreme court for administrative justice [REDACTED] Ghanaian Council of State advises the President of Ghana in the exercise of most of his/her reserve powers [REDACTED] Greek Council of State is the supreme administrative court of Greece and also examines all presidential decrees before they are issued [REDACTED] Irish Council of State advises
150-415: Is a national council constituted by South Korean cabinet, constitutionally empowered to deliberate important policies of executive branch of South Korean government [REDACTED] Spanish Council of State [REDACTED] Swedish Council of State (1975-present) [REDACTED] Philippine Council of State [REDACTED] Portuguese Council of State is an advisory body of the President of
175-472: The President of Ireland in the exercise of most of his/her reserve powers [REDACTED] Italian Council of State is a legal and administrative consultative body that ensures the legality of public administration. [REDACTED] Luxembourg Council of State [REDACTED] Nigerian Council of State [REDACTED] North Carolina Council of State [REDACTED] Norwegian Council of State [REDACTED] South Korean State Council
200-537: The 1985 film Rambo: First Blood Part II A minor character in the 2006 video game Secret Files: Tunguska Three Japanese whale catchers: Yūshin Maru Yūshin Maru No. 2 Yūshin Maru No. 3 Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Yushin . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
225-497: The Constitution in 1969 to allow a third term. He was re-elected in the 1971 presidential election . The 8th general election was held on May 5, 1971. Park's Democratic Republican Party took 113 seats out of 204. However, it didn't reach the minimum condition to pass a constitutional amendment. It required the concurrence of two thirds or more of the total members of the National Assembly. Therefore, Park couldn't amend
250-909: The Korean pronunciation of the Japanese word Ishin (restoration). The new administration established after the coup is now called the Yusin Regime (유신체제, 維新體制) or Yusin Dictatorship (유신독재, 維新獨裁). Under the Yusin regime, the Constitution of the Third Republic of Korea was replaced by the Yusin Constitution, the Constitution of the Fourth Republic. In accordance with the Yusin Constitution, an electoral college called
275-546: The National Council for Unification (통일주체국민회의, Tongil Juche Gungmin Hoeui ) was set up. The conference elected the president and one-third of parliament. The presidential term was extended to six years, with no constitutional restrictions on the number of terms one could serve–effectively making Park president for life. It also allowed the president to declare "emergency measures," (긴급조치권, Gingeup Jochi ), which allowed
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#1732786894643300-617: The North-South Joint Declaration with the three principles of the reunification . After the declaration, a direct phone cable was installed between Seoul and Pyongyang . Enthusiasm for reunification was heating up. Park used it as a pretext for the amendment of the constitution. Under the Third Republic 's constitution, the president was limited to two terms in office. However, the National Assembly, dominated by Park's Democratic Republican Party , amended
325-514: The Republic [REDACTED] Thai Council of State advises the executive branch on legal matters and until the establishment of the administrative courts in 1999, it also served as the supreme administrative court [REDACTED] Turkish Council of State is the supreme court for administrative justice Defunct [ edit ] [REDACTED] Brazilian Empire's Council of State (1822–1889) [REDACTED] Council of State of
350-899: The Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma (1974-1988) [REDACTED] Council of State of the People's Republic of Kampuchea (1981–1993) [REDACTED] Chilean Council of State (1976–1980) [REDACTED] English Council of State (1649–1660) [REDACTED] State Council of the German Democratic Republic (1960–1990) [REDACTED] Indian Council of State (1919–1947) [REDACTED] Ethiopian Council of State (1987–1991) [REDACTED] Israeli Provisional State Council (1948–1949) [REDACTED] Japanese Great Council of State (689–1885) [REDACTED] Liberian Council of State
375-482: The Yusin Regime. Although the military took power by consecutive coups (the 12.12 Coup d'état and the 5.18 Incident ) after Park's death, there was a general consensus that the Yusin Constitution was no longer viable. Ultimately, Park was succeeded by Chun Doo-hwan , who promulgated the Constitution of the Fifth Republic, which officially replaced the Yusin Constitution in 1980. This new constitution
400-667: The constitution and declared martial law . Universities were also closed. The press, radio and television were subjected to censorship, and speech was significantly restricted. Work was then begun on a new constitution, which was completed in October 27 by the emergency State Council . The event was named after Japan's 1868 Meiji Restoration . Park Chung Hee, a former officer in the Japanese-controlled Manchukuo Imperial Army , admired Japanese politics, and called his self–coup Yusin (or Yushin),
425-411: The constitution through the lawful procedure. In 1969, with a one-time amendment of the constitution, the incumbent president–Park–was allowed to run for a third consecutive term. In December 1971, shortly after winning a third term, Park declared a state of emergency "based on the dangerous realities of the international situation." On October 17, 1972, Park dissolved the National Assembly, suspended
450-517: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yushin&oldid=1059201680 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages October Restoration On May 4, 1972, the director of Korea Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA) , Lee Hu-rak , went to North Korea and met Kim Il Sung . They announced
475-518: The opposition. Park suppressed these protests by force. In the People's Revolutionary Party Incident , eight persons were executed for treason. Their confessions, which were extracted by torture, were the only evidence and the executed are now generally considered to have been innocent. Despite this repression, the resistance to the Yusin Regime continued and caused serious social unrest. The Yusin Regime
500-403: The president to promulgate laws without ratification by the National Assembly and suspend civil liberties. In practice, the conference's power to appoint one-third of legislators was exercised by the president, guaranteeing him a parliamentary majority and control over parliament. Combined with his broad powers to rule by decree and curtail constitutional freedoms, the Yusin Constitution endowed
525-465: The president with nearly all governing power in the nation. Park justified his creation of a legal dictatorship by arguing that South Korea's economy was too weak to allow Western-style liberal democracy. Rather, he argued that the country needed a "Korean-style democracy" with a strong, unchallenged presidency in order to remain stable. The Yusin Regime was soon challenged by activists from groups such as college students, artists, religious leaders, and
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#1732786894643550-720: The same name This set index article includes a list of related items that share the same name (or similar names). If an internal link incorrectly led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Council_of_state&oldid=1248030112 " Categories : Set index articles Government institutions Councils Hidden categories: Articles needing additional references from April 2020 All articles needing additional references Articles containing Finnish-language text Articles containing Swedish-language text Articles with short description Short description
575-1706: Was an interim governing body in the mid-1990s [REDACTED] Manchukuon General Affairs State Council (1934–1945) [REDACTED] Montenegrin Council of State [ sr ] (1879–1905) [REDACTED] Ottoman Council of State (1868–1922) [REDACTED] Persian Council of State [ fa ] (1858–) [REDACTED] Poland: Polish Kingdom's Council of State (1815-1915) [REDACTED] Provisional Council of State (1917) Polish Council of State (1947–1989) [REDACTED] Romanian State Council (1961–1989) [REDACTED] Siamese Supreme Council of State (1925–1932) [REDACTED] Swedish Council of State (1809–1974) [REDACTED] Tunisian Council of State (1959–2014) [REDACTED] Vietnamese Council of State (1980–1992) See also [ edit ] Council of State Governments State Council Council of Ministers Privy council Counsellor of State References [ edit ] ^ "Definition of COUNCIL OF STATE" . www.merriam-webster.com . Retrieved 2020-04-02 . ^ "Head of state" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 2020-04-03 . ^ "Österreichischer Verwaltungsgerichtshof - English Information" . www.vwgh.gv.at . Retrieved 2020-04-03 . ^ "Council of State | Indian government" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 2020-04-02 . ^ "Signing into eresources, The University of Sydney Library" . login.ezproxy1.library.usyd.edu.au . Retrieved 2020-04-07 . [REDACTED] Index of articles associated with
600-504: Was criticized internationally for human rights abuse. The American Carter Administration warned that United States military forces might be withdrawn from South Korea unless Park eased off his dictatorship. On October 26, 1979, the "10.26 Incident" occurred—the assassination of Park Chung–hee by members of the Korean Central Intelligence Agency . Park's assassination removed the main impetus of
625-730: Was somewhat less authoritarian than the Yusin Constitution, although it was still patterned after it and concentrated immense powers into the office of president. Council of State (Redirected from Council of State ) [REDACTED] This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Council of state" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR ( April 2020 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message ) A council of state
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