29-518: ZF , Z-F , or Zf may refer to: Groups, organizations, companies [ edit ] ZF Friedrichshafen (ZF, originally Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen ), the 'ZF Group', a German supplier of automobile transmissions Z+F UK (Zoller & Fröhlich), a laser measurement and scanning equipment supplier Ziarul Financiar (zf.ro), a Romanian financial newspaper Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland , an organization established to campaign for
58-609: A German/Swiss non-commissioned appointment equivalent to the commissioned Second Lieutenant (OF-1) Zelda Fitzgerald (Z. F.; 1900–1948), wife of F. Scott Fitzgerald Other uses [ edit ] Z Fighters , the protagonists of the Dragon Ball saga See also [ edit ] [REDACTED] Search for "zf" , "z-f" , "zf's" , or "zfs" on Misplaced Pages. All pages with titles beginning with ZF All pages with titles containing ZF ZFS (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
87-403: A diverse range of vehicles and machinery, including cars, trucks, buses, light commercial vehicles , off-road equipment, rail vehicles , helicopters, motorcycles, lift trucks, machinery and system construction, test systems, cranes, as well as special marine, military and agricultural vehicles and equipment. The ZF Lenksysteme division, a joint venture between ZF and Bosch , specializes in
116-638: A human, professional translator. Douglas Hofstadter gave an example of a failure of machine translation: the English sentence "In their house, everything comes in pairs. There's his car and her car, his towels and her towels, and his library and hers." might be translated into French as " Dans leur maison, tout vient en paires. Il y a sa voiture et sa voiture, ses serviettes et ses serviettes, sa bibliothèque et les siennes. " That does not make sense because it does not distinguish between "his" car and "hers". Often, first-generation immigrants create something of
145-502: A joint venture with Guangxi LiuGong Machinery Co., manufactures driveline components for construction machinery. ZF's presence in India includes joint ventures and license partnerships spanning over three decades. ZF India Private Ltd., operational since 2007 in Pune, focuses on axles, off-road driveline technology, and commercial vehicle technology. The facility includes factory buildings,
174-460: A literal translation in how they speak their parents' native language. This results in a mix of the two languages that is something of a pidgin . Many such mixes have specific names, e.g., Spanglish or Denglisch . For example, American children of German immigrants are heard using "rockingstool" from the German word Schaukelstuhl instead of "rocking chair". Literal translation of idioms
203-651: A partnership with Aeva Inc. to put LIDAR sensors for self-driving vehicles, into production. Some of the most important milestones: ZF Friedrichshafen manufactures automatic and manual transmissions for cars, trucks, buses and construction equipment; chassis components (ball joints, tie rods, cross-axis joints, stabiliser bars, control arms); shock absorbers and suspension struts; electronic damping systems including Continuous Damping Control (CDC), Active Roll Stabilization (ARS); clutches; torque converters ; differentials ; axle drives; and industrial drives. ZF products include ZF components are utilized across
232-525: A permanent homeland for the Jewish people Mathematics, logic, science, medicine, engineering, technology, metrology [ edit ] Laminas , a web framework implemented with PHP that was formerly known as Zend Framework Zero flag (ZF, Z), in computing, in microprocessors Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory , a system of axioms in mathematical set theory Zinc finger , a protein domain that interacts with zinc ion to bind to DNA Zona fasciculata ,
261-732: A standalone entity, ZF Lifetec, focusing on vehicle safety tests and equipment. ZF Group operates globally, with Europe as its primary market, followed by the Asia-Pacific region, North and South America and Middle East & Africa. The company maintains six research and development (R&D) centers worldwide to tailor product development to local markets, investing approximately 5% of its sales revenue annually in R&;D. In Great Britain , ZF has been active since 1973. The manufacturing base in Darlaston supplies chassis components to
290-460: A translation that represents the precise meaning of the original text but does not attempt to convey its style, beauty, or poetry. There is, however, a great deal of difference between a literal translation of a poetic work and a prose translation. A literal translation of poetry may be in prose rather than verse but also be error-free. Charles Singleton's 1975 translation of the Divine Comedy
319-451: A warehouse, and an aftermarket service facility. Literal translation Literal translation , direct translation , or word-for-word translation is a translation of a text done by translating each word separately without looking at how the words are used together in a phrase or sentence. In translation theory , another term for literal translation is metaphrase (as opposed to paraphrase for an analogous translation). It
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#1732766126347348-406: A work written in a language they do not know. For example, Robert Pinsky is reported to have used a literal translation in preparing his translation of Dante 's Inferno (1994), as he does not know Italian. Similarly, Richard Pevear worked from literal translations provided by his wife, Larissa Volokhonsky, in their translations of several Russian novels. Literal translation can also denote
377-658: Is also involved in the rail, marine, defense and aviation industries, as well as general industrial applications. ZF has 162 production locations in 31 countries with approximately 168,700 (2023) employees. The company was founded by Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin , the inventor of the zeppelin airship and engineer Alfred von Soden-Fraunhofen in 1915 in Friedrichshafen , Germany as a subsidiary of Luftschiffbau Zeppelin , to manufacture gears for zeppelins and other airships . The German Zahnradfabrik translates to 'gear factory' or cogwheel factory' in English. In 1999,
406-526: Is clearly not a phrase that would generally be used in English, even though its meaning might be clear. Literal translations in which individual components within words or compounds are translated to create new lexical items in the target language (a process also known as "loan translation") are called calques , e.g., beer garden from German Biergarten . The literal translation of the Italian sentence, " So che questo non va bene " ("I know that this
435-466: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages ZF Friedrichshafen ZF Friedrichshafen AG , also known as ZF Group , originally Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen ( lit. ' Cogwheel Factory of Friedrichshafen ' ), and commonly abbreviated to ZF , is a German technology manufacturing company that supplies systems for passenger cars, commercial vehicles and industrial technology. It
464-471: Is headquartered in Friedrichshafen , in the south-west German state of Baden-Württemberg . Specializing in engineering, it is primarily known for its design, research and development, and manufacturing activities in the automotive industry and is one of the largest automotive suppliers in the world. Its products include driveline and chassis technology for cars and commercial vehicles, along with specialized plant equipment such as construction equipment. It
493-424: Is not good"), produces "(I) know that this not (it) goes well", which has English words and Italian grammar . Early machine translations (as of 1962 at least) were notorious for this type of translation, as they simply employed a database of words and their translations. Later attempts utilized common phrases , which resulted in better grammatical structure and the capture of idioms, but with many words left in
522-457: Is regarded as a prose translation. The term literal translation implies that it is probably full of errors, since the translator has made no effort to (or is unable to) convey correct idioms or shades of meaning, for example, but it can also be a useful way of seeing how words are used to convey meaning in the source language. A literal English translation of the German phrase " Ich habe Hunger " would be "I have hunger" in English, but this
551-465: Is to be distinguished from an interpretation (done, for example, by an interpreter ). Literal translation leads to mistranslation of idioms , which can be a serious problem for machine translation . The term "literal translation" often appeared in the titles of 19th-century English translations of the classical Bible and other texts. Word-for-word translations ("cribs", "ponies", or "trots") are sometimes prepared for writers who are translating
580-1418: The Ecomat introduced in 1980, are widely used in buses. ZF Lemförder and ZF Sachs AG are specialized divisions within ZF, focusing on the production of both original equipment and aftermarket auto parts. ZF Friedrichshafen is organized into nine divisions, each focusing on different aspects of automotive and industrial technology: Sales (2020): €4,987 million. Products: Electronic Stability Control, Integrated Brake Control, Electric Park Brakes, Electrically Powered Steering Systems, and Electrically Powered Hydraulic Steering Systems. Sales (2020): €6,680 million. Products: Chassis components for wheel guidance, complete front and rear axles, passive and semi-active dampers, and electromechanical active chassis systems. Sales (2020): €8,459 million. Products: Automatic Transmissions, Automated Manual Transmissions, Manual Transmissions, Dual-Clutch Automatic Transmissions, Powertrain Modules, Electronic Systems, Electric Motors, Electric Vehicle Drives, and Electronic Interfaces. Sales (2020): €1,561 million. Products: Advanced driver assistance systems, sensor technologies, integrated electronics, advanced safety domain control units, safety electronics such as airbag electronic control units, and crash sensors for
609-881: The British automotive industry, including Jaguar, BMW, and Land Rover. ZF Great Britain Ltd. in Nottingham also has a remanufacturing facility and customer support operations. In the NAFTA region, ZF operates 16 locations, including an R&D center near Detroit and a manufacturing plant in Laurens County , South Carolina, which began production in 2013. ZF has a significant presence in Asia, focusing on China , Korea, Japan, and Australia. Liuzhou ZF Machinery Co., Ltd. in China,
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#1732766126347638-1169: The automotive industry. Sales (2020): €3,503 million. Products: Airbags, airbag inflators, seat belt systems, and steering wheels. Sales (2020): €1,539 million. Products: Braking control systems and advanced technologies that enhance the safety, efficiency, and connectivity of commercial vehicles. Sales (2020): €3,307 million. Products: Automated, manual, and powershift transmissions, drive components such as clutches and electric drives, ADAS technology including automated, camera and radar-based comfort and safety functions for trucks and buses, chassis systems, chassis components, and steering systems for vehicles. Sales (2020): €2,687 million. Products: Transmissions and axles for agricultural and construction machinery, driveline technology for material handling systems, rail and special vehicles, marine propulsion systems, aviation technology, gearboxes for wind turbines and industrial applications, and test systems for driveline and chassis technology. Sales (2020): €2,522 million. Brands: ZF, LEMFÖRDER, SACHS, TRW, and BOGE. TRW Automotive, based in Livonia, Michigan ,
667-781: The combined effects of the loan and restructuring will eliminate the need for further employee reduction. On 16 September 2014, the Wall Street Journal reported that ZF agreed to acquire TRW Automotive Holdings for $ 13.5 billion. The acquisition would create the world's second largest automotive parts concern, ranked just behind Robert Bosch GmbH . For clearing way to acquire TRW Automotive Holdings , ZF Friedrichshafen AG sold its stake in ZF Lenksysteme GmbH to Robert Bosch GmbH . ZF Lenksysteme GmbH has now been renamed as Robert Bosch Automotive Steering GmbH. In September 2020, ZF Friedrichshafen AG entered
696-485: The middle zone of the adrenal cortex zeptofarad (zF), 10F (farads) zettafarad (ZF), 10F (farads) ZF, the catalogue entry prefix for the ZFOURGE galaxy survey People [ edit ] Zugsführer (ZF, German: Zgf , lit. 'platoon leader'), an Austrian Bundesheer equivalent to Master Corporal (OR-4) Zugführer (ZF, German: ZgFhr , lit. 'platoon leader'),
725-413: The original language. For translating synthetic languages , a morphosyntactic analyzer and synthesizer are required. The best systems today use a combination of the above technologies and apply algorithms to correct the "natural" sound of the translation. In the end, though, professional translation firms that employ machine translation use it as a tool to create a rough translation that is then tweaked by
754-471: The production of steering systems and components. This includes steering columns, gears, pumps, Electric Power Steering (EPS), and Active Steering systems. In response to the increasing adoption of automatic transmissions in buses, ZF developed the ZF AS Tronic transmission. The company also produces a range of manual and automatic transmissions for trucks and buses. Notably, ZF transmissions, such as
783-447: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title ZF . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ZF&oldid=1259616157 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Articles containing German-language text Short description
812-475: The steering systems division was made separate and became the new ZF Lenksysteme GmbH, a joint venture between ZF Friedrichshafen and Robert Bosch GmbH . Due to the 2008 financial crisis ZF took a €250 million loan from the state-owned KfW Bank and embarked on a company-wide restructure that shut down unprofitable locations, particularly outside Germany, the total number of employees was reduced from 63,000 to 59,000 worldwide. CEO Hans-Georg Härter stated that
841-563: Was originally the automotive division of TRW Inc. , established in 2002. It specializes in designing, manufacturing, and selling automotive safety systems . With approximately 200 facilities and 66,100 employees across 26 countries, TRW Automotive was acquired by ZF Friedrichshafen in 2015 and now forms the Active & Passive Safety Technology division. In October 2022, ZF spun off the Passive Safety Systems division into
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