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31-1094: Coordinates : 36°49′23″N 37°34′06″E / 36.8231°N 37.5683°E / 36.8231; 37.5683 Dam Dam in Gaziantep Province, Turkey Kayacık Dam [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Location of Kayacık Dam in Turkey Location Gaziantep Province , Turkey Coordinates 36°49′23″N 37°34′06″E / 36.8231°N 37.5683°E / 36.8231; 37.5683 Construction began 1993 Opening date 2005 Operator(s) State Hydraulic Works Dam and spillways Impounds Ayfinar Deresi Height 45 metres (148 ft) Dam volume 1,853,000 m (65,400,000 cu ft) Reservoir Total capacity 0.117 km (0.028 cu mi) Surface area 11 km (4.2 sq mi) The Kayacık Dam impounds
62-505: A tan ϕ {\displaystyle \textstyle {\tan \beta ={\frac {b}{a}}\tan \phi }\,\!} ; for the GRS 80 and WGS 84 spheroids, b a = 0.99664719 {\textstyle {\tfrac {b}{a}}=0.99664719} . ( β {\displaystyle \textstyle {\beta }\,\!} is known as the reduced (or parametric) latitude ). Aside from rounding, this
93-460: A datum transformation such as a Helmert transformation , although in certain situations a simple translation may be sufficient. Datums may be global, meaning that they represent the whole Earth, or they may be local, meaning that they represent an ellipsoid best-fit to only a portion of the Earth. Examples of global datums include World Geodetic System (WGS 84, also known as EPSG:4326 ),
124-608: A point on Earth's surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses (often called great circles ), which converge at the North and South Poles. The meridian of the British Royal Observatory in Greenwich , in southeast London, England, is the international prime meridian , although some organizations—such as
155-473: A region of the surface of the Earth. Some newer datums are bound to the center of mass of the Earth. This combination of mathematical model and physical binding mean that anyone using the same datum will obtain the same location measurement for the same physical location. However, two different datums will usually yield different location measurements for the same physical location, which may appear to differ by as much as several hundred meters; this not because
186-411: Is 6,367,449 m . Since the Earth is an oblate spheroid , not spherical, that result can be off by several tenths of a percent; a better approximation of a longitudinal degree at latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } is where Earth's equatorial radius a {\displaystyle a} equals 6,378,137 m and tan β = b
217-480: Is 110.6 km. The circles of longitude, meridians, meet at the geographical poles, with the west–east width of a second naturally decreasing as latitude increases. On the Equator at sea level, one longitudinal second measures 30.92 m, a longitudinal minute is 1855 m and a longitudinal degree is 111.3 km. At 30° a longitudinal second is 26.76 m, at Greenwich (51°28′38″N) 19.22 m, and at 60° it
248-522: Is 15.42 m. On the WGS 84 spheroid, the length in meters of a degree of latitude at latitude ϕ (that is, the number of meters you would have to travel along a north–south line to move 1 degree in latitude, when at latitude ϕ ), is about The returned measure of meters per degree latitude varies continuously with latitude. Similarly, the length in meters of a degree of longitude can be calculated as (Those coefficients can be improved, but as they stand
279-456: Is known as a graticule . The origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km (390 mi) south of Tema , Ghana , a location often facetiously called Null Island . In order to use the theoretical definitions of latitude, longitude, and height to precisely measure actual locations on the physical earth, a geodetic datum must be used. A horizonal datum
310-748: Is the exact distance along a parallel of latitude; getting the distance along the shortest route will be more work, but those two distances are always within 0.6 m of each other if the two points are one degree of longitude apart. Like any series of multiple-digit numbers, latitude-longitude pairs can be challenging to communicate and remember. Therefore, alternative schemes have been developed for encoding GCS coordinates into alphanumeric strings or words: These are not distinct coordinate systems, only alternative methods for expressing latitude and longitude measurements. Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources (Turkey) The Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources ( Turkish : Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı )
341-625: Is the government ministry of Republic of Turkey responsible for natural resources and energy in Turkey . The ministry is headed by Alparslan Bayraktar . Despite the ministry being represented on the Climate Change and Air Management Coordination Board , the European Commission has criticised the lack of co-ordination between policy on climate change in Turkey and the energy policy of Turkey . The net zero by 2053 target
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#1732781099177372-409: Is the simplest, oldest and most widely used of the various spatial reference systems that are in use, and forms the basis for most others. Although latitude and longitude form a coordinate tuple like a cartesian coordinate system , the geographic coordinate system is not cartesian because the measurements are angles and are not on a planar surface. A full GCS specification, such as those listed in
403-465: Is used to precisely measure latitude and longitude, while a vertical datum is used to measure elevation or altitude. Both types of datum bind a mathematical model of the shape of the earth (usually a reference ellipsoid for a horizontal datum, and a more precise geoid for a vertical datum) to the earth. Traditionally, this binding was created by a network of control points , surveyed locations at which monuments are installed, and were only accurate for
434-750: The EPSG and ISO 19111 standards, also includes a choice of geodetic datum (including an Earth ellipsoid ), as different datums will yield different latitude and longitude values for the same location. The invention of a geographic coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene , who composed his now-lost Geography at the Library of Alexandria in the 3rd century BC. A century later, Hipparchus of Nicaea improved on this system by determining latitude from stellar measurements rather than solar altitude and determining longitude by timings of lunar eclipses , rather than dead reckoning . In
465-481: The International Date Line , which diverges from it in several places for political and convenience reasons, including between far eastern Russia and the far western Aleutian Islands . The combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The visual grid on a map formed by lines of latitude and longitude
496-6837: The Southeastern Anatolia Project (GAP) Euphrates Basin Keban Karakaya Atatürk Birecik Karkamış Çamgazi Hancağız Koçali Sırımtaş Büyükçay Kahta Çataltepe Gömikan Kayacık Kemlin [REDACTED] Tigris Basin Kralkızı Dicle Batman Ilısu Silvan Kayser Garzan Cizre [REDACTED] Turkey portal [REDACTED] Category v t e Dams and reservoirs in Turkey Aegean region Adıgüzel Afşar Akdeğirmen Akgedik Akköprü Alaçatı Balçova Bayır Beşkarış Beydağ Buldan Cindere Çaltıkoru Çavdarhisar Çine Demirköprü Enne Geyik Gökpınar Gölmarmara Gördes Güzelhisar Işıklı İkizdere Karacasu Kavakdere Kayaboğazı Kemer Kestel Kureyşler Küçükler Marmaris Mumcular Örenler Seferihisar Selevir Sevişler Seyitler Söğüt Tahtalı Topçam (Aydın) Ürkmez Yaylakavak Yenidere Yortanlı [REDACTED] Black Sea region Akçay Alaca Almus Alpu Altınkaya Ataköy Atasu Aksu Arkun Artvin Belpınar Beyler Bezirgan Borçka Boyabat Boztepe (Tokat) Çakmak (Samsun) Çatak Çorum Demirözü Derbent Deriner Derinöz Dodurga Erfelek Germeçtepe Gölköy Güllübağ Gülüç Güzelce Hasan Uğurlu Hasanlar Hatap Karaçomak Karadere Kızılcapınar Kirazlıköprü Koçhisar Koruluk Kozlu Köprübaşı Köse Kulaksızlar Kürtün Laleli Muratlı Obruk Ondokuzmayıs Saraydüzü Sarayözü Suat Uğurlu Topçam (Ordu) Tortum Torul Uluköy Vezirköprü Yedikır Yenihayat Central Anatolia region 4 Eylül Ağcaşar Akhasan Akkaya Akköy Akyar Altınapa Altınhisar Apa Asartepe Aşağı Karaören Ayhanlar Ayrancı Bahçelik Bayındır Beylikova Bozkır Çamlıdere Çamlıgöze Çatören Çoğun Çubuk-1 Çubuk-2 Damsa Deliçay Derebucak Doyduk Ermenek Eğrekkaya Gazibey Gebere Gelingüllü Gödet Gökçekaya Gölova Güldürcek Gümüşler Gürsöğüt Hirfanlı İbrala İmranlı İvriz Kapulukaya Karacalar Karaova Kargı Kaymaz Kesikköprü Kılıçkaya Kovalı Kunduzlar Kurtboğazı Kuzfındık Kültepe Maksutlu Mamasın May Mursal Murtaza Musaözü Özen Porsuk Sarımsaklı Sarıoğlan Sarıyar Sıddıklı Sille Süreyyabey Tatlarin Uzunlu Yahyasaray Yamula Yapıaltın Yenice Yeşilburç Eastern Anatolia region Alkumru Alpaslan-1 Alpaslan-2 Arpaçay Bağıştaş 1 Bağıştaş 2 Başköy Bayburt Boztepe (Malatya) • Cip Çamgazi Çat Çıldır Çocuktepe Demirdöven Dilimli Erzincan Gayt Gülbahar Hınıs Başköy Kalecik (Elazığ) Kapıkaya Keban Kığı Koçköprü Kuzgun Medik Morgedik Özlüce Palandöken Patnos Pazaryolu Pembelik Polat Sarımehmet Seyrantepe Sultansuyu Sürgü Tatar Tercan Uzunçayır Yazıcı Yedisu Yoncalı Zernek Marmara region Alibey Altınyazı Armağan Atikhisar Ayvacık Babasultan Bakacak Bayramdere Bayramiç Boğazköy Büyükçekmece Büyükorhan Çakmak (Edirne) Çamköy Çaygören Çınarcık Çokal Darıdere Darlık Demirtaş Devecikonağı Doğancı Elmalı-2 Gökçe Gökçeada Gölbaşı Gönen Günyurdu Hamzadere Hasanağa Havran İkizcetepeler Kadıköy Karaidemir Kayalıköy Kırklareli Kızıldamlar Kirazdere Koyuntepe Madra Manyas New Ömerli Sarıbeyler Sazlıdere Sultanköy Süloğlu Taşoluk Tayfur Terkos Topuzlu Umurbey Valide Mediterranean region Adatepe Alakır Alaköprü Aslantaş Ayvalı Bademli Belkaya Berdan Berke Birkapılı Çatalan Çavdır Çayboğazı Dim Gezende Göktaş Kalecik (Osmaniye) Karacaören I Karacaören II Karaçal Karamanlı Kadıncık 1 Kadıncık 2 Kartalkaya Kayraktepe Köprü Kılavuzlu Kızılsu Kavşak Bendi Korkuteli Kozağacı Kozan Manavgat Mehmetli Menzelet Nergizlik Onaç-1 Onaç-2 Otluca Oymapınar Seyhan Sır Sorgun Sücüllü Tahtaköprü Uluborlu Yapraklı Yarseli Yayladağı Yedigöze Southeastern Anatolia region Lower Kaleköy Atatürk Batman Balli Beyhan I Beyhan II Beyyurdu Birecik Burç Bendi Çetintepe Çetin Cizre Devegeçidi Dicle Dumluca Erkenek Garzan Göksu Hacıhıdır Hancağız Ilısu Karakaya Karkamış Kayacık Kirazlık Kralkızı Seve Silopi Silvan Sırımtaş Şırnak Uludere Upper Kaleköy [REDACTED] Dams by province [REDACTED] Hydroelectric power stations Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kayacık_Dam&oldid=1254543291 " Categories : Dams in Gaziantep Province Dams completed in 2005 Dams in
527-526: The 1st or 2nd century, Marinus of Tyre compiled an extensive gazetteer and mathematically plotted world map using coordinates measured east from a prime meridian at the westernmost known land, designated the Fortunate Isles , off the coast of western Africa around the Canary or Cape Verde Islands , and measured north or south of the island of Rhodes off Asia Minor . Ptolemy credited him with
558-622: The Ayfinar Deresi, one of the two streams that join south of Gaziantep to form the Sajur River . It is located in Gaziantep Province , Turkey . The dam was constructed between 1993 and 2005 as part of the Southeastern Anatolia Project ( Turkish : Güneydoğu Anadolu Projesi , or GAP ). It is 45 metres (148 ft) high and has a volume of 1,853,000 cubic metres (65,400,000 cu ft). The reservoir created by
589-506: The Earth's surface move relative to each other due to continental plate motion, subsidence, and diurnal Earth tidal movement caused by the Moon and the Sun. This daily movement can be as much as a meter. Continental movement can be up to 10 cm a year, or 10 m in a century. A weather system high-pressure area can cause a sinking of 5 mm . Scandinavia is rising by 1 cm a year as a result of
620-605: The Euphrates River basin Hidden categories: Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata Coordinates on Wikidata Articles containing Turkish-language text Geographic coordinate system A geographic coordinate system ( GCS ) is a spherical or geodetic coordinate system for measuring and communicating positions directly on Earth as latitude and longitude . It
651-729: The European ED50 , and the British OSGB36 . Given a location, the datum provides the latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } and longitude λ {\displaystyle \lambda } . In the United Kingdom there are three common latitude, longitude, and height systems in use. WGS 84 differs at Greenwich from the one used on published maps OSGB36 by approximately 112 m. The military system ED50 , used by NATO , differs from about 120 m to 180 m. Points on
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#1732781099177682-536: The French Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière —continue to use other meridians for internal purposes. The prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres , although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E. This is not to be conflated with
713-641: The Kayacık Dam has a surface area of 11 square kilometres (4.2 sq mi) and a volume of 0.117 cubic kilometres (0.028 cu mi) and is used to irrigate an area of 200 square kilometres (77 sq mi). See also [ edit ] List of dams and reservoirs in Turkey References [ edit ] ^ Kayacik Dam , www.dsi.gov.tr, archived from the original on 2 July 2014 , retrieved 23 February 2011 v t e Dams of
744-577: The center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels , as they are parallel to the Equator and to each other. The North Pole is 90° N; the South Pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the Equator , the fundamental plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The Equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres . The longitude λ of
775-649: The default datum used for the Global Positioning System , and the International Terrestrial Reference System and Frame (ITRF), used for estimating continental drift and crustal deformation . The distance to Earth's center can be used both for very deep positions and for positions in space. Local datums chosen by a national cartographical organization include the North American Datum ,
806-490: The distance they give is correct within a centimeter.) The formulae both return units of meters per degree. An alternative method to estimate the length of a longitudinal degree at latitude ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } is to assume a spherical Earth (to get the width per minute and second, divide by 60 and 3600, respectively): where Earth's average meridional radius M r {\displaystyle \textstyle {M_{r}}\,\!}
837-474: The full adoption of longitude and latitude, rather than measuring latitude in terms of the length of the midsummer day. Ptolemy's 2nd-century Geography used the same prime meridian but measured latitude from the Equator instead. After their work was translated into Arabic in the 9th century, Al-Khwārizmī 's Book of the Description of the Earth corrected Marinus' and Ptolemy's errors regarding
868-781: The length of the Mediterranean Sea , causing medieval Arabic cartography to use a prime meridian around 10° east of Ptolemy's line. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes ' recovery of Ptolemy's text a little before 1300; the text was translated into Latin at Florence by Jacopo d'Angelo around 1407. In 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference , attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt
899-461: The location has moved, but because the reference system used to measure it has shifted. Because any spatial reference system or map projection is ultimately calculated from latitude and longitude, it is crucial that they clearly state the datum on which they are based. For example, a UTM coordinate based on WGS84 will be different than a UTM coordinate based on NAD27 for the same location. Converting coordinates from one datum to another requires
930-595: The longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich , England as the zero-reference line. The Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911. The latitude ϕ of a point on Earth's surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through (or close to)
961-463: The melting of the ice sheets of the last ice age , but neighboring Scotland is rising by only 0.2 cm . These changes are insignificant if a local datum is used, but are statistically significant if a global datum is used. On the GRS 80 or WGS 84 spheroid at sea level at the Equator, one latitudinal second measures 30.715 m , one latitudinal minute is 1843 m and one latitudinal degree