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28-502: The villages of Albrechtice, Maxovna, Polánka and Týniště are administrative parts of Malešov. The name is derived from the personal name Maleš, meaning "Maleš's (court)". Malešov is located about 5 kilometres (3 mi) south of Kutná Hora and 52 km (32 mi) east of Prague . It lies in the Upper Sázava Hills . The highest point is at 423 m (1,388 ft) above sea level. The Vrchlice Stream flows through

56-599: A Celtic sanctuary; recent findings in archeology tend to point to a rectangular earthwork. In 1993 roughly ten graves from the Celtic period were found near this site by grave robbers. The first written mention of Libenice is from 1142 as the possession of the Cistercian Sedlec Abbey . In 1396, the monastery sold the Libenice manor to King Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia . The local fortress was built in 1401 at

84-523: Is located about 5 kilometres (3 mi) southeast of Kolín , 4 km (2 mi) north of Kutná Hora and 51 km (32 mi) east of Prague . It lies in a flat agricultural landscape of the Central Elbe Table . The brook of Hořanský potok flows through the municipality. Archaeological finds show that the area was populated by Celts during the Hallstatt and La Tène periods. At

112-423: Is located about 52 kilometres (32 mi) east of Prague . The eastern part of the municipal territory lies in a flat agricultural landscape of the Central Elbe Table lowland. The western part lies in the Upper Sázava Hills and includes the highest point of Kutná Hora, the hill Malý Kuklík at 359 m (1,178 ft) above sea level. The Vrchlice Stream flows through the town. Archaeological finds show that

140-417: Is the remnant of a Renaissance fortress. The fortress from the end of the 14th century was rebuilt by Jan Libenický of Vrchoviště in 1574. The fortress burned down in 1643. The three-winged building was then reconstructed and used as an outbuilding. The Evangelical church was built on the western outskirts in 1826–1827. Near the church is the evangelical cemetery with Libenice Oak. This protected common oak

168-702: Is the site of the Gothic Church of the Assumption of Our Lady and Saint John the Baptist and the famous Sedlec Ossuary . It is estimated that the ossuary is decorated with bones of more than 40,000 skeletons. Among the most important buildings in the town are the Gothic , five-naved St. Barbara's Church , begun in 1388, and the Italian Court , formerly a royal residence and mint, which was built at

196-637: The Sedlec Monastery was brought from the Imperial immediate Cistercian Waldsassen Abbey in Bavaria , close to the border with Bohemia. By 1260, German miners began to mine for silver in the mountain region, which they named Kuttenberg, and which was part of the monastery property. From the 13th to 16th centuries, the town competed with Prague economically, culturally, and politically. Under Abbot Heinrich Heidenreich  [ de ] ,

224-424: The Celtic settlement site between Libenice and Kaňk (a part of Kutná Hora ), numerous ceramic finds from the 5th–1st century BC were discovered in 1981. In 1959, an elongated area north of the village was discovered with the grave of a 50-year-old woman buried with plenty of bronze jewelry and a two-metre long stone stele made of yellowish and ocher-colored mica migmatite with tourmaline , which probably indicates

252-657: The Czech role-playing game Kingdom Come: Deliverance II . Libenice Libenice ( German : Libenitz ) is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic . It has about 300 inhabitants. The initial name of the village was Ljubenice. The name was derived from the personal name Ljuben, who was probably a local nobleman. Libenice

280-574: The Kaňk hill. The earliest traces of silver have been found dating back to the 10th century, when Bohemia already had been in the crossroads of long-distance trade for many centuries. Silver dinars have been discovered belonging to the period between 982 and 995 in the settlement of Malín, which is now a part of Kutná Hora. The town began in 1142 with the settlement of Sedlec Abbey , the first Cistercian monastery in Bohemia . The Cistercian order based in

308-508: The Libenický of Vrchoviště family. In 1593, Emperor Rudolf II acquired Libenice and joined it to the Kolín estate. Apart from 1611 to 1616, Libenice remained part of the Kolín estate until the abolition of the patrimonial administration in 1848. In 1778, the Libenice yard was abolished and parceled out. In 1801, a public school was opened in Libenice. It was closed in 1965. From 1862, there

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336-463: The area around the Kaňk hill was populated by Celts during the Hallstatt and La Tène periods. At the Celtic settlement site between Libenice and Kaňk, numerous ceramic finds from the 5th–1st century BC were discovered in 1981. One of the most important finds is a smelting furnace with 10 kg of slag from the 2nd–1st century BC with traces of pyrrhotine , chalcopyrite , sphalerite and copper , which also testify to early underground mining in

364-595: The elections to the faculty of Prague University as against one for the three other nations. In 1420, Sigismund made the town the base for his unsuccessful attack on the Taborites during the Hussite Wars, leading to the Battle of Kutná Hora . Kutná Hora was taken by Jan Žižka , and after a temporary reconciliation of the warring parties was burned by the imperial troops in 1422, to prevent its falling again into

392-465: The end of the 13th century. The Gothic Stone House, which since 1902 has served as a museum of silver, contains one of the richest archives in the country. The Gothic Church of Saint James the Great, with its 86 m (282 ft) tower, is another prominent building. Other sights include: Kutná Hora is twinned with: A recreation of the town as it existed in 1403 will be prominently featured in

420-514: The hands of the Taborites. Žižka nonetheless took the place, and under Bohemian auspices it awoke to a new period of prosperity. Along with the rest of Bohemia, Kuttenberg (Kutná Hora) passed to the Habsburg monarchy of Austria in 1526. In 1546, the richest mine was severely flooded. In the insurrection of Bohemia against Ferdinand I the town lost all its privileges. Repeated visitations of

448-406: The latest. In 1422, King Sigismund pledged the property to Erkinger of Seinsheim. The subsequent pawn owners of the Libenice manor were Hanuš of Rychnov from 1437, and Hynek and Pavel of Zaloňov from 1440 to 1454. In 1498 King Vladislaus II mortgaged Libenice to Bohuš Kostka of Postupice, then the village often changed owners, who were mostly lower aristocrats. From 1540 to 1589, it was owned by

476-409: The municipal territory. Vrchlice Reservoir and the fishpond Hamerský rybník are located on the stream. The first written mention of Malešov is from 1303. In June 1424, Jan Žižka 's radical Hussites army defeated the resisting Prague Hussites in the Battle of Malešov . Malešov is located on the railway line Kutná Hora – Zruč nad Sázavou . The Malešov Fortress is a notable medieval monument. It

504-474: The operation of mines. Prague groschen were minted between 1300 and 1547/48. In December 1402, the town was sacked by King Sigismund after the imprisonment of Wenceslaus IV . It was heavily defended by its residents. After several bloody skirmishes, Sigismund prevailed and forced the defenders to march to Kolín and kneel in subjugation. Although Sigismund was successful in his conquest, his hetman Markvart of Úlice died after being struck by an arrow during

532-556: The plague and the horrors of the Thirty Years' War completed its ruin. Half-hearted attempts after the peace to repair the ruined mines failed; the town became impoverished, and in 1770 was devastated by fire. The mines were abandoned at the end of the 18th century. In May 1742 during the First Silesian War , a Prussian force under Frederick the Great stopped in the town prior to the Battle of Chotusitz . Bohemia

560-399: The remains of the residential building were removed. The surviving core of the fortress was repaired in 2002–2003. It is one of the largest preserved residential towers of Czech fortresses. The Malešov Castle was probably built in the first third of the 18th century. It is a small Baroque castle with a neoclassical façade. The Church of Saint Wenceslaus is the landmark of the town square. It

588-519: The siege on 27 December. The town developed with great rapidity, and at the outbreak of the Hussite Wars in 1419 was the second most important town in Bohemia after Prague , having become the favourite residence of several Bohemian kings. It was here that, on 18 January 1409, Wenceslaus IV signed the famous Decree of Kutná Hora , by which the Czech university nation was given three votes in

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616-427: The territory greatly advanced due to the silver mines which gained importance during the economic boom of the 13th century. In 1300, King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia issued the new royal mining code Ius regale montanorum  [ cs ] (also known as Constitutiones Iuris Metallici Wenceslai II ). This was a legal document that specified all administrative as well as technical terms and conditions necessary for

644-533: The town was derived from the eponymous mountain ( hora = 'mountain'). According to legends, the name of the mountain was derived from the monks' cowls (the Kutten ). It is more likely that it derived from the Middle High German word kutte ('pit'). The name can also be derived from the Czech words kutit ('to work') or kutat ('to mine'), but the Czech origin of the name is less likely. Kutná Hora

672-538: Was a crownland of the Austrian Empire in 1806, and remained controlled by the Austrian monarchy after the compromise of 1867 . Until 1918, the town was the capital of the district of the same name, one of the 94 Bezirkshauptmannschaften in Bohemia . Together with the rest of Bohemia, the town became part of the newly founded Czechoslovakia after World War I and the collapse of Austria-Hungary. Sedlec

700-473: Was also a private Protestant school, but it was closed in 1921 due to insufficient number of students. After the abolition of patrimonial rule, Libenice together with Grunta formed a municipality in the Kolín District. On 1 January 1992, Grunta separated from Libenice and formed a sovereign municipality. The I/38 road from Kutná Hora to Kolín runs north of the village. The most valuable building

728-525: Was built in the Baroque style in 1731–1733. It replaced a wooden chapel, destroyed by fire in 1729. Kutn%C3%A1 Hora Kutná Hora ( Czech pronunciation: [ˈkutnaː ˈɦora] ; German : Kuttenberg ) is a town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic . It has about 22,000 inhabitants. The centre of Kutná Hora, including the Sedlec Abbey and its ossuary ,

756-401: Was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995 because of its outstanding architecture and its influence on subsequent architectural developments in other Central European city centres. Since 1961, the town centre is also protected by law as an urban monument reservation , the fourth largest in the country. The town is made up of twelve administrative areas and villages: The name of

784-457: Was probably built in the first half of the 14th century. During the Thirty Years' War , it was abandoned, but in 1666, it became the administrative centre of the estate, then owned by the Sporck family. In the 1820s, Empire style modifications were made. From the mid-19th century, the fortress area fell into disrepair and was abandoned. In 1850, one tower collapsed. At the end of the 19th century,

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