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29-623: Farming here began in 1851, when Carlos Dudley Wilcox and his wife Elizabeth settled a Donation Land Claim on the Tualatin Plains in Washington County, Oregon . Carlos had immigrated to the Oregon Country in 1847 with his parents and married the 15-year-old Elizabeth Scoggin on July 3, 1851. The couple had five children on their 640-acre (2.6 km) farm, though Carlos sold 62 acres (250,000 m) in 1857. In 1872,

58-529: A gabled roof. Built in the early 1900s by the Kamna family, it was remodeled in the 1970s and turned into a finished space complete with half-bath. The chicken coop was built about 1920 with an unfinished interior, and also has a gabled roof. The 12.5-foot (3,800 mm) by 20-foot (6,100 mm) structure has a dirt floor and shiplap siding. The potato shed also features the shiplap siding and gabled roof. Measuring 16 feet (4,900 mm) by 22 feet (6,700 mm),

87-508: A hip roof of composition shingles. The well was used for irrigation on the farm. Also built around the same time was the smokehouse which had a dirt floor. Measuring 8.5 feet (2,600 mm) by 10.5 feet (3,200 mm), it has white shiplap siding and a cedar shake roof on the exterior. The canning shed on the property is the only brick structure. Built in the late 19th century, it was used for canning, food storage, and summer kitchen. Measuring 14 feet (4.3 m) squared (1.3 m), it also has

116-611: A building in its urban situation. Front-gabled buildings are considered typical for German city streets in the Gothic period, while later Renaissance buildings, influenced by Italian architecture, are often side-gabled. In America, front-gabled houses, such as the gablefront house , were popular between the early 19th century and 1920. A Wimperg , in German and Dutch , is a Gothic ornamental gable with tracery over windows or portals , which were often accompanied by pinnacles . It

145-448: A hipped roof which features a wooden ventilation chimney at the apex. The exterior of the brick is covered with stucco. The newest building on the farm is the garage that was built in the 1920s. It has a gabled roof, exposed rafter tails, weatherboard siding, and composition singles. Located between the farmhouse and the barn, it measures 24 feet (7 m) by 16 feet (5 m) and has a 10-foot (3 m) wide double-car garage door on

174-758: A piece of land for four years and legally claim the land for themselves. Along with other US land grant legislation , the Donation Land Claim Act discriminated against nonwhite settlers and had the effect of dispossessing land from Native Americans . The passage of the law was largely due to the efforts of Samuel R. Thurston , the Oregon territorial delegate to Congress. The act, which became law on 27 September 1850, granted 320 acres (1.3 km ) of designated areas free of charge to every unmarried white male citizen eighteen or older and 640 acres (2.6 km ) to every married couple arriving in

203-603: A piece of land for themselves. Claims under the law were granted at the federal land office in Oregon City . The most famous patent granted at the Oregon City Land Office was the plat for the city of San Francisco , which had to be sent up the coast from California by ship. The claims of the land were surveyed by the Surveyor General of Oregon, an office created out of the law. As part of

232-547: A series of curves ( Dutch gable ) or horizontal steps ( crow-stepped gable ) may hide the diagonal lines of the roof. Gable ends of more recent buildings are often treated in the same way as the Classic pediment form. But unlike Classical structures, which operate through trabeation , the gable ends of many buildings are actually bearing-wall structures. Gable style is also used in the design of fabric structures , with varying degree sloped roofs, dependent on how much snowfall

261-457: Is a wood-framed building that had a concrete foundation added in 2006. Materials include mainly Douglas-fir for the wood, and a composite shingle roof. Details on the home include double hung windows , two chimneys, seven doors, and a catwalk that attaches to the neighboring woodshed. Architectural features include a corbelled chimney, crown moulding window casings, and on the porch are triangle shaped decorative wood brackets that are on top of

290-510: Is expected. Sharp gable roofs are a characteristic of the Gothic and classical Greek styles of architecture. The opposite or inverted form of a gable roof is a V-roof or butterfly roof . While a front-gabled or gable-fronted building faces the street with its gable, a side-gabled building faces it with its cullis (gutter), meaning the ridge is parallel to the street. The terms are used in architecture and city planning to determine

319-478: The 1850 deadline but before 1854. Claimants were required to live on the land and to cultivate it for four years to gain ownership title to it. The provisional government formed at Champoeg had limited the land claims offered in the hope of preventing land speculation . The Organic Act of the Oregon Territory had granted 640 acres (1 square mile, 2.6 km ) to each married couple. The new law voided

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348-549: The Distribution-Preemption Act 1841. The law, a forerunner of the later Homestead Act , brought thousands of settlers into the new territory, swelling their ranks along the Oregon Trail . 7,437 land patents were issued under the law, which expired in late 1855. The Donation Land Claim Act allowed white men or partial Native Americans (mixed with white) who had arrived in Oregon before 1850 to work on

377-487: The Manning-Kamna farm sits across the street from the city of Hillsboro. The largest and oldest building on the farm is the residence. Built as early as 1876 and as late as 1883, the house stands 1.5 stories tall and is of a late Victorian style in a cruciform shape. The cross-wing Western Farmhouse designed structure has a gabled roof ( double Gabled-Ells ) with four hip-roofed porches, one on each corner. The home

406-483: The Oregon Territory before 1 December 1850. In the case of a married couple, the husband and wife each owned half of the total grant under their own names. The law was one of the first that allowed married women in the United States to hold property under their own name. American " half-breed Indians " were also eligible for the grant. A provision in the law granted half the amount to those who arrived after

435-597: The Wilcoxes divorced, with Elizabeth gaining the southern part of the farm and Carlos the northern part, of which he sold half in 1874. Elizabeth remarried on January 29, 1874, to native New Yorker Louis Manning. Manning, born in 1836, had previously lived in Kansas, Ohio, Colorado, and Eastern Oregon before settling in Washington County. On Elizabeth's 320-acre (1.3 km) farm, the two raised her children from

464-425: The barn to the west, and the privy on the eastern boundary. The original two-story barn is the oldest and largest of these remaining buildings, dating from the early 1880s. Built of hand hewn timber posts, it measures 35 feet (11 m) by 70 feet (21 m) and has white shiplap siding. The two newer barn buildings and the older portion form one interconnected building. These newer parts are one story tall, with

493-426: The concrete floored structure was built circa 1910 and was used for storing crops. The smallest structure is the privy, which is 6 feet (1,800 mm) by 8 feet (2,400 mm). It was used from about 1910 until the 1950s. Inside were three holes, while outside was shiplap siding and a cedar shake roof. The pumphouse featured a brick foundation and brick lined well . Built about 1910, it is a wood-frame structure with

522-528: The couple purchased 175 acres (0.71 km) from the Mannings in June 1903. The Mannings retained a life estate to a small portion of the farm that included the farmhouse, and remained on the farm until after Louis' death in 1910 and Elizabeth's in 1916. The Kamnas then moved into the farmhouse. The Kamnas had four children, though one died in an accident at the farm at age three. One son, Edgar, in time took over

551-420: The farming on the farm. About 1910 the Kamna family built an addition to the barn , and around 1920 built a second addition to the barn. They continued adding buildings to the farm in the early 1900s including a woodshed , privy, pumphouse, chicken coop , smokehouse, potato shed, and a canning shed. The last addition was a garage in the 1920s. In the 1920s the family added indoor plumbing to the farmhouse, and in

580-452: The gable and how it is detailed depends on the structural system used, which reflects climate, material availability, and aesthetic concerns. The term gable wall or gable end more commonly refers to the entire wall, including the gable and the wall below it. Some types of roof do not have a gable (for example hip roofs do not). One common type of roof with gables, the ' gable roof ', is named after its prominent gables. A parapet made of

609-537: The general survey, the Willamette Stone was placed just west of Portland, defining the Willamette Meridian . After the 1855 cutoff date, the designated land in Oregon was no longer free but was still available, selling at $ 1.25 an acre ($ 3.09/hectare), with a limit of 320 acres (1.3 km ) in any one claim. The law expired on December 1, 1855. In the following years, the price was raised and

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638-495: The maximum size of claims was progressively lowered. The government's only goal was to raise the population in that area. In 1862, Congress passed the first of the " Homestead Acts ", which were largely designed to encourage settlement of the Great Plains states but applied to Oregon as well. Gable A gable is the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of intersecting roof pitches . The shape of

667-441: The middle one measuring 20 feet (6 m) by 30 feet (9 m) and the northernmost 20 feet (6 m) by 20 feet (6 m). White board and batten siding was used on the middle portion that was built around 1910 and tongue and groove siding on the end section added about 1920. The barns were used for the seed growing operation of the farm. Attached to the residence is the woodshed, or chop house, that stands one story tall and has

696-401: The previous statutes but essentially continued the same policy and was worded in such a way as to legitimize existing claims. One such claim legitimized by the act was that of George Abernethy , who had been elected to the governorship in the days of the provisional government. His claim became famous for Abernethy Green , where new emigrants camped at the end of the Oregon Trail while seeking

725-513: The prior marriage and grew various crops. They built a new farmhouse on the property between 1876 and 1883. The Mannings also built a two-story barn on the farm in the early 1880s. Herman Kamna (1870–1924) from Bassen, in what was then the Province of Hanover , in Germany (now Lower Saxony ) immigrated to Washington County with his family in 1886. He married Anna Rehse on February 14, 1900, and

754-565: The process enclosed parts of two porches. The Kamnas grew oats, fescue , rye grass, vetch, and sub-clover on the farm and used the barn for sorting and packing the seeds, running the farm into the 1950s. As of 2007 the farm was owned by Wayne Reed and Petrina Pometto. On October 10, 2007, the Manning–Kamna Farm was added to the National Register of Historic Places. Located along northwest Evergreen Road at Jackson School Road,

783-628: The south side. There is a single window on both the east and west ends of the building. A large Pignut Hickory and Black Walnut trees shade the garage. Donation Land Act The Donation Land Claim Act of 1850 , sometimes known as the Donation Land Act , was a statute enacted by the United States Congress in late 1850, intended to promote homestead settlements in the Oregon Territory . It followed

812-404: The turned porch columns at the eaves. Inside, the main floor includes the kitchen, laundry room, a bathroom, the dining room, a parlor, foyer, a mud room, a fireplace room that features a Rumford fireplace . The second floor has a bathroom, a sewing room, and three bedrooms. The 2.22 acres (0.90 ha) farm has nine other buildings organized in a rectangular pattern, with the home in the middle,

841-412: Was a typical element in Gothic architecture, especially in cathedral architecture . Wimpergs often had crockets or other decorative elements in the Gothic style. The intention behind the wimperg was the perception of increased height. The gable end roof is a poor design for hurricane or tornado -prone regions. Winds blowing against the gable end can exert tremendous pressure, both on the gable and on

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