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16-469: The first segment of the line, originally called the Abashiri Line ( 網走線 , Abashiri-sen ) and operated by Japanese Government Railways , was opened on September 22, 1910, and ran for 77.4 km, connecting Ikeda and Rikunbetsu (later renamed to Rikubetsu). The line was then extended further north, and on September 25, 1911, the segment connecting Rikunbetsu and Nokkeushi (present-day Kitami )

32-642: The Board of Tourist Industry ( 国際観光局 , Kokusai Kankō Kyoku ) as a section of the Japanese Government Railways (Ministry of Railways). The Board printed and distributed picture posters and English guidebooks overseas and encouraged development of resort hotels at home. The Board was dissolved in 1942, following the outbreak of the Pacific War in 1941. Railway Nationalization Act Too Many Requests If you report this error to

48-539: The Chihoku Line. Unlike all other lines shut down by JNR and JR Hokkaido, in the Chihoku Line's case a successor company was established by local governments and private investors. The new company, Hokkaidō Chihoku Kōgen Railway Company, renamed the Chihoku Line to the Furusato Ginga Line ("Hometown Galaxy Line") and introduced new cars. However 17 years later, the company came to the decision to close

64-532: The establishment of the ministry. This article covers the railways operated by the central government of Japan from 1872 to 1949 notwithstanding the official English name of the system of each era. By the end of World War II in 1945, the Japanese Government Railways operated on the main Japanese islands of Honshū , Hokkaidō , Kyūshū , Shikoku and Karafuto . The railways in Taiwan and Korea were operated by

80-525: The line, which thus ceased operations on April 21, 2006. [REDACTED] Media related to Hokkaidō Chihoku Kōgen Railway at Wikimedia Commons Japanese Government Railways The Japanese Government Railways ( JGR ) was the national railway system directly operated by the Japanese Ministry of Railways ( Japanese : 鉄道省 , romanized :  Tetsudō-shō , Japanese pronunciation: [te̞t͡sɨᵝdo̞ːɕo̞ː] ) until 1949. It

96-716: The local Governor-General Offices - the Taiwan Government-General Railway and the Chosen Government Railway respectively - and were not part of JGR. While the JGR was the only major operator of intercity railways after the railways were nationalized in 1906–1907, privately owned regional railways were also active. The gauge used for Japanese railways was 1,067 mm ( 3 ft 6 in ) (narrow gauge) other than some minor exceptions (184.2 km (114.5 mi) total in

112-400: The operating department generally mean "department (or office, section, agency) of railways" or like. Since opening in 1872, the railway set fares for passengers in three classes. The transportation of freight was charged based on weight and class of goods. In 1872, passengers could choose from Upper, Middle and Lower classes, which were later renamed as First, Second and Third classes. Freight

128-480: The peak years of 1936-38 ) of 762 mm ( 2 ft 6 in ) gauge lines being used. The first railway in Japan was operated by the imperial government in 1872. The idea of centralization of the railway was promoted under the idea of "breaking down of the geographical barriers that existed in the feudal communities which hindered the centralization of authority". Placing the railways under government control

144-567: The rest of the Abashiri Main Line was absorbed into the Sekihoku Main Line. The name "Chihoku Line" was created from the on'yomi of each of the first characters for Ike da ( 池 田 ) and Kita mi ( 北 見 ) . In 1987 Japanese National Railways (JNR), the successor to Japanese Government Railways, was privatized and JR Hokkaido took over management of the line. However, on June 4, 1989, JR Hokkaido ceased operation of

160-530: Was a predecessor of Japanese National Railways and the later Japan Railways Group . The English name "Japanese Government Railways" was what the Ministry of Railways (established in 1920) used to call its own "Ministry Lines" ( 省線 , shōsen ) and sometimes the ministry itself as a railway operator. Other English names for the government railways include Imperial Japanese Government Railways and Imperial Government Railways , which were mainly used prior to

176-589: Was also possible to ship them via futsubin (regularly-scheduled trains) and kyukobin (express trains). "It may, therefore, be fairly said that the freight rates of the State-owned railways in Japan are of absolute uniformity." As Japan is an island nation, it was noted that ocean-going vessels are a major source of competition for the freight business of the railway. The railway invested heavily in methods to reduce coal consumption in steam locomotives; between 1920 and 1936, coal consumption per kilometer traveled

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192-500: Was for military and political ends; the government had no intention for the central railway to be operated as a "model enterprise". Early shareholders of the railway were members of the nobility, holding "the major portion of (the) capital". The governmental system was largely expanded by the promulgation of the Railway Nationalization Act in 1906. In 1920, the Ministry of Railways was established. In 1949, JGR

208-698: Was opened. In 1912 the Abashiri Line was further extended to Abashiri , and the line was renamed the Abashiri Main Line ( 網走本線 , Abashiri-honsen ) . Once the Sekihoku Line was extended to Nokkeushi in 1932, traffic largely shifted to the shorter Sekihoku Line. On April 1, 1961, the section of the Abashiri Main Line from Ikeda to Kitami (renamed from Nokkeushi in 1942) was named the Chihoku Line ( 池北線 , Chihoku-sen ) , and

224-452: Was reduced by about a quarter. The government mandated the use of automatic couplers on all cars on the system in July 1925. The system was transitioning from vacuum brakes to air brakes at this time, with most freight cars equipped with air brakes by April 1927. One of the roles of the Japanese Government Railways was to attract foreign tourists to Japan. In 1930, the government created

240-560: Was reorganized to become a state-owned public corporation named the Japanese National Railways . Before the establishment of the Japanese National Railways as a public corporation on June 1, 1949, the Japanese Government Railways were operated by the governmental agencies. The table below shows the historical operators of the JGR. Translated names of ministries may not be official. Names of

256-406: Was shipped using one of five rates based on 100 kin of product. A 1923 review of the shipping tariffs further explained that goods are divided into three shipping classes (according to the ways in which they are to be handled by the railway): koguchi atsukai (goods in small lots), kashikini atsukai (goods for a reserved freight car) and tokushu atsukai (goods requiring special treatment). It

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