The Leipzig–Dresden Railway Company ( German : Leipzig-Dresdner Eisenbahn-Compagnie or LDE ) was a private railway company in the Kingdom of Saxony , now a part of Germany . Amongst other things, it operated the route between Leipzig and Dresden , opened in 1839, and which was the first long-distance railway line in Germany. On 1 July 1876 the company was nationalised and became part of the Royal Saxon State Railways .
19-460: The idea of building a railway to link Leipzig with Strehla (on the river Elbe), had already been put forward before 1830 by the Leipzig merchant, Carl Gottlieb Tenner. Tenner's idea gained new impetus after the state economist in Leipzig, Friedrich List , publicised his plans for a German railway system in 1833, in which it was envisaged that Leipzig would function as a central hub. That same year,
38-668: A railway committee was founded which, on 20 November 1833, submitted a petition to the lower house of the Saxon Parliament ( Sächsischer Landtag ) in Dresden for the construction of a railway from Leipzig to Dresden . In 1835, the Leipzig–Dresden Railway Company was founded as a private company by twelve citizens of Leipzig, including: Albert Dufour-Féronce (1798–1861), Gustav Harkort (1795–1865), Carl Lampe (1804–1889) and Wilhelm Theodor Seyfferth (1807–1881). At
57-621: Is a small town in the district of Meißen , Saxony , Germany . It is located on the river Elbe , north of Riesa . This place name means arrow in Sorbian . Strehla includes the following subdivisions: Strehla was first mentioned in 1002, when its castle was set on fire by Polish King Boleslaw I, on his way back to Poland from a meeting with German King Henry; starting the German-Polish War of 1002–1018. During this war, Strehla went back and forth between Polish and German rule. It
76-794: Is exactly the same as that of Lower Sorbian . Upper Sorbian has both final devoicing and regressive voicing assimilation , both word-internal and across word boundaries. In the latter context, /x/ is voiced to [ ɣ ] . Regressive voicing assimilation does not occur before sonorants and /h/ . The Lord's Prayer in Upper Sorbian: Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in Upper Sorbian: (All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in
95-605: Is situated on the Via Regia Lusatiae Superioris (Royal road of Upper Lusatia ), which connected Görlitz to Leipzig . The castle of Strehla belonged to the Pflugk family from the 14th century until 1945. The Battle of Strehla between Austria and Prussia took place around the town during the Seven Years' War . Strehla is also regarded as the point towards the end of World War II where troops of
114-527: The British engineers Sir James Walker and Hawkshaw surveyed the proposed routes and recommended the northern route via Strehla (estimated cost: 1,808,500 thalers) over the route via Meißen (1,956,000 thalers). On 16 November 1835 the purchase of land began for the section between Leipzig and the Mulde bridge north of Wurzen. On 1 March 1836 the first sod was cut. Oversight for the entire project lay in
133-570: The Easter trade fair in 1835 the shares of the company (nominally valued at 100 thaler ) were fully subscribed within just a few hours, making a capital sum of over one million thalers available. On 6 May 1835 the Saxon state government authorised the construction and operation of the line as well as the issue of non-interest bearing bonds to the value of 500,000 thalers. The total capital generated thus amounted to 1.5 million thalers. In October 1835
152-563: The Leipzig-Dresden Railway was transferred to the Royal Saxon State Railways . The 'railway monument' in Leipzig, erected in 1878, commemorates the development of the Dresden railway from its emergence as a private initiative of Leipzig citizens to its nationalisation. The following list is incomplete: Strehla Strehla ( Upper Sorbian : Strjela , pronounced [ˈstʁʲɛla] )
171-692: The Sorbian language was legally subordinated to the German language. Language prohibitions were later added: In 1293, the Sorbian language was forbidden in Berne castle before the courts; in 1327 it was forbidden in Zwickau and Leipzig , and from 1424 on it was forbidden in Meissen . Further, there was the condition in many guilds of the cities of the area to accept only members of German-language origin. However,
190-634: The Upper Sorbian language in Germany began with the Slavic migrations during the 6th century AD. Beginning in the 12th century, there was a massive influx of rural Germanic settlers from Flanders , Saxony , Thuringia and Franconia . This so-called " Ostsiedlung " (eastern settlement or expansion) led to a slow but steady decline in use of the Sorbian language. In addition, in the Saxony region,
209-557: The Western Allies heading East first encountered Soviet troops heading West, at 11:30am on April 25, 1945, when Lieutenant Albert Kotzebue of the 69th Infantry Division (United States) encountered a Russian on horseback at nearby Leckwitz , later identified as a trooper of a Soviet Guards rifle regiment. The later encounter on the same day at 4:40 p.m. in Torgau, about twenty miles to the north, would go into history books as
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#1732787471608228-540: The central areas of the Milzener and Lusitzer , in the area of today's Lusatia , were relatively unaffected by the new German language settlements and legal restrictions. The language therefore flourished there. By the 17th century, the number of Sorbian speakers in that area grew to over 300,000. The oldest evidence of written Upper Sorbian is the Burger Eydt Wendisch document, which was discovered in
247-595: The city in a large curve and finally entered the Dresden railway north of Dresden station. On 1 December 1860 the Leipzig-Dresden Railway opened a side line that branched off the main line in Coswig and ran to Meißen . On 14 May 1866 it opened services on another side line, which branched off the main route in Borsdorf and initially ran as far as Grimma ; then on 28 October 1867 to Leisnig , on 2 June 1868 to Döbeln , on 25 October 1868 to Nossen and on 22 December 1868 it
266-465: The city of Bautzen and dates to the year 1532. There are an estimated 20,000 to 25,000 speakers of Upper Sorbian. Almost all of these live in the state of Saxony , chiefly in the district of Bautzen (Budyšin). The stronghold of the language is the village of Crostwitz (Chrósćicy) and the surrounding municipalities, especially to the west of it. In this core area, Upper Sorbian remains the predominant vernacular. The vowel inventory of Upper Sorbian
285-557: The completion of the Elbe bridge at Riesa, the entire route from Leipzig to Dresden was finally opened. A second track was built immediately afterwards and the route was then operated with traffic running on the left, in line with English practice until 1884. From 1851 to 1878 a single-tracked, 5 km long, connecting railway was operated in Leipzig, that branched off from the Saxon-Bavarian Railway , ran eastwards around
304-528: The hands of the Saxon Senior Waterways Construction Engineer ( Oberwasserbaudirektors ), Karl Theodor Kunz. Then however the town council of Strehla rejected the building of the railway. So the line was re-routed over the river Elbe 7 km further south at Riesa . On 7 April 1839 the first train ran over the Elbe railway bridge at Riesa. The route was taken into operation in several stages: On 7 April 1839, on
323-460: The line from Nossen to Moldau - was completed on 15 July 1873, and extended as far as Mulda/Sa. by 2 November 1875. On 15 August 1876 the route reached the Bohemian border at Moldau . After the collapse of the Elbe bridge at Riesa, the general assembly of the shareholders decided on 29 March 1876 to sell the Dresden railway to the state of Saxony. On 1 July 1876 the operation and management of
342-496: The official link-up. Upper Sorbian language Upper Sorbian ( endonym : hornjoserbšćina ), occasionally referred to as Wendish , is a minority language spoken by Sorbs , in the historical province of Upper Lusatia , which is today part of Saxony , Germany . It is grouped in the West Slavic language branch, together with Lower Sorbian , Czech , Polish , Silesian , Slovak , and Kashubian . The history of
361-563: Was finally extended as far as Meißen, so that a parallel southern route was established between Borsdorf and Coswig. The Großenhain branch, opened on 14 October 1862, went into the ownership of the LDE on 1 July 1869. On 15 October 1875 the LDE opened a connecting route from Riesa to Elsterwerda (since 1815 part of the Kingdom of Prussia ), that from 17 July 1875 was linked to Berlin and Dresden. The route from Nossen to Freiberg – as part of
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