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28-912: The following towns and villages are situated along the river Trotuș, from source to mouth: Lunca de Sus , Lunca de Jos , Ghimeș-Făget , Palanca , Agăș , Comănești , Dărmănești , Târgu Ocna , Onești and Adjud . The following rivers are tributaries to the Trotuș (from source to mouth): Left: Gârbea, Valea Întunecoasă, Antaloc, Valea Rece , Bolovăniș, Tărhăuș , Șanț, Cuchiniș, Brusturoasa, Caminca , Șugura , Dracău, Agăș , Seaca, Ciungi, Asău , Urmeniș , Plopul, Larga, Cucuieți, Vâlcele, Gălian, Caraclău , Tazlău and Pârâul Mare Right: Comiat, Bothavaș, Ugra, Boroș, Valea Capelei, Aldămaș, Popoiul, Ciugheș , Cotumba, Grohotiș, Sulța , Ciobănuș , Șopan, Uz , Dofteana , Slănic , Nicorești, Oituz , Cașin , Găureana, Gutinaș, Bogdana, Gârbovana, Căiuți , Popeni , Bâlca and Domoșița This article related to

56-471: A Soviet -style administrative and territorial division of the country into regions and raions (until then, Romania had been divided into județe or counties). Two years later, in 1952, under Soviet pressure, the number of regions was reduced and by comprising ten raions from the former Mureș Region and from the Stalin Region (both of them created in 1950), of the territory inhabited by

84-481: A compact population of Székely Hungarians , a new region called the Magyar Autonomous Region was created. According to the 1956 census, the total population of the region was 731,361, distributed among the ethnic groups as follows: Hungarians (77.3%), Romanians (20.1%), Roma (1.5%), Germans (0.4%) and Jews (0.4%). The official languages of the province were Hungarian and Romanian and

112-869: A prison and is now used by the Romanian military. The parish of the village is named in the honor of St Andrew, the apostle. In 2009, a chapel was built in Comiat by parish priest Géza Tankó. Catholic pilgrims gather each year in the village and embark on the Pentecost Pilgrimage, held since 1567, with the Franciscan Church in Şumuleu Ciuc as their destination. Magyar Autonomous Region The Magyar Autonomous Region (1952–1960) ( Romanian : Regiunea Autonomă Maghiară ; Hungarian : Magyar Autonóm Tartomány ) and Mureș-Magyar Autonomous Region (1960–1968) were autonomous regions in

140-655: A river in Harghita County is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to a river in Bacău County is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to a river in Vrancea County is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Lunca de Sus Lunca de Sus ( Hungarian : Gyimesfelsőlok ; Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈɟimɛʃfɛlʃøːlok] or colloquially Felsőlok )

168-423: A separate village only as late as around 1850. The village is situated near the old Hungarian border, and therefore protection had to be provided. The Tartar invasions through the valley left many victims behind. In the end, in 1701–1702, the construction of a moat was commenced on Csapó-hill next to the village. The traces of the earthworks can still be seen these days at a length of 120–150 meters. According to

196-577: Is a commune in Harghita County , Romania . It lies in the Szekely Land , an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania . The commune is composed of six villages: Izvorul Trotușului also includes Ciherek-pataka , Bothavas-pataka and Farkas-pataka , while the Lunca de Sus village also includes Nyíresalja and Libaváros ("Goose-city"). The settlement came into being out of the outer areas of Szépvíz and Csíkszentmihály villages, but became

224-454: Is affected by the concrete stream-bed solution. The mayor's office and the local population, however, is satisfied with the chosen solution and consider it a sign of progress. Besides, as they say, life already died out from the stream anyway because of the waste water trickling into the stream from the neighboring cesspools. It is envisaged by local officials that the Trotuş River and some of

252-540: Is reported to have said that Transylvanian autonomy "offered a real basis for equality, while the previous regime had built gas chambers for his ancestors". The population of the region reacted with an outpouring of sympathy for the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, triggering mass protests by local students. Several Hungarian organisations that existed in Transylvania openly expressed their sympathy for

280-617: Is the first of the three Csángó settlements as the Gyimes Valley (Valea Ghimeşului) descends from its head. It lies along the Trotuş River and its tributaries as the sub-settlements, the "creeks" ( Hungarian : patakok ), were formed in the valleys of the tributaries. With financial support of the European Union became completed by November 2009 the stream regulation and flood control works on Gârbea Creek . The regulation

308-559: The Magyar Autonomous Region , then, of the Mureș-Hungarian Autonomous Province until it was abolished in 1968. Since then, the commune has been part of Harghita County. At the 2011 census, the commune had a population of 3,242; out of them, 97% were Hungarian and 1.0% were Romanian . 98% of the commune population are Roman Catholic , 0.5% are Orthodox and 0.2% are Reformed . The village

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336-746: The Romanian People's Republic (later the Socialist Republic of Romania ). One of the key factors behind the autonomous region was the desire of the communist Romanian government to win over the Hungarian population in Transylvania. Support for the Romanian Communist Party was very strong in ethnically Hungarian areas, and Hungarian communists made up 26% of all communists in Romania before World War II . Following

364-496: The Autonomous Region was merely a façade. Tadeusz Kopyś remarked that "the status of the autonomous province practically did not differ from those of other Romanian provinces, the only advantage of this arrangement being that the officials in charge were mostly local people". The Region's only distinguishing features were that most of its officials were Hungarian, the Hungarian language could be used in administration and

392-496: The Hungarian rule of Northern Transylvania during World War II, ethnic Hungarians now made up 10% of Romanian population, and the communist government adopted a policy of appeasement towards the Hungarian minority; this was a pragmatic stance as in contrast to largely pro-socialist Hungarians in Romania, ethnic Romanians were unsupportive of the Communist Party and the communist base there was weak. In 1950, Romania adopted

420-527: The Rock" was used for the school's purposes. In 1941, a military complex consisting of barracks and officer houses was built by the Hungarian army , based on the plans of architect István Mátyás. The buildings were built of stones and logs in the style of a mountain rest-house and provide a picturesque sight along the main road. The complex, referred to as by locals as the "colony" ("kolónia"), later served as

448-436: The autonomy and claimed that Hungary could annex the region. The autonomous region also triggered a reaction from other minorities - Germans and Jews living in Romania also began to apply for their own autonomous regions, and such applications were discussed at party meetings. The Hungarian population and diplomats praised this symbolic concession and considered it conciliatory. Despite the severely limited scope of this autonomy,

476-464: The border with Hungary, where an ethnic-based region might have stoked fears of irredentism and security concerns. In practice, the region's status differed in no way from that of the other seventeen regions and it did not enjoy autonomy of any kind – laws, decisions and directives from the centre were rendered compulsory by the very constitution that created it, and the State Council of

504-553: The brookside making easier the access by vehicle to the real estates along the river. The road has been fitted with metal railings used at motorways. Although for most of the year, only water a few inches deep trickles in the stream, experts of the Water Department of Bacău County considered that prevention of sudden floodings of the stream may only be solved by converting it into a drainage channel. According to environmentalists, life of birds, fish, frogs and other species

532-512: The courts, and bilingual signs were put up on public buildings. Moreover, the specifically Hungarian wing of the Romanian Communist Party was abolished in 1953, ending any mechanism for defending of Hungarian minority rights. The creation of the autonomous region, although it had practically no autonomy, shocked Romanian political circles because of the widespread anti-Hungarian sentiment. Many Romanian politicians condemned

560-652: The creation of the region fostered a golden era of Hungarian cultural life - many Hungarian-language operas and theatres became active in Transylvanian cities, and numerous Hungarian universities were also established during this period, including a medical school in Marosvásárhely and a university in Kolozsvár . According to the region's leadership, autonomy served not only the Hungarian minority but also "the entire provincial community". A young Jewish worker

588-495: The historical judeţ ( county ) system, still used today. This also automatically eliminated the Mureș-Magyar Autonomous Region and replaced it with counties that are not identified with any nationality. The two new counties formed on the majority of the territory of former Mureș-Magyar Autonomous Region are Mureș County and Harghita County , plus one from the former Magyar Autonomous Region until 1960 and part of

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616-541: The mountain brooks flowing into the river will also be regulated in a similar way, if the necessary financial resources are available. Since 1994, the St. Elisabeth Catholic Grammar School has provided education not only for local students, but also for many ethnic Hungarian Csángós from Moldova. It was established by parish priest Lajos Berszán, and in the beginning the building of the Pilgrim's House named "The House built on

644-407: The provincial administrative centre was Târgu Mureș ( Marosvásárhely ). The Magyar Autonomous Region comprised 9 raions: Ciuc, Gheorgheni, Odorhei, Reghin, Sângeorgiu de Pădure, Sfântu Gheorghe, Târgu Mureș, Târgu Secuiesc, and Toplița. Its status laid out in the 1952 Constitution , the region encompassed about a third of Romania's Hungarians, the rest living either in more Romanian areas or along

672-539: The strength of a general amnesty announced by the Romanian government. But based on information I have collected in my many travels across Transylvania, none of those arrested after the 1956 insurrection was released." In December 1960, a governmental decree modified the boundaries of the Magyar Autonomous Region. Its southern raions were reattached to Brașov Region (former Stalin Region ) and in place of this, several raions were joined to it from Cluj Region . The region

700-835: The tradition, the first family that settled into the valley was the Tankó-family. The village administratively belonged to Csíkszék , then, from 1876 until 1918 to the Csík County in the Kingdom of Hungary. After World War I, by the terms of the Treaty of Trianon of 1920, it became part of Romania . As a result of the Second Vienna Award , it belonged to Hungary again between 1940 and 1944. After World War II, it came under Romanian administration and became part of Romania in 1947. Between 1952 and 1960, it formed part of

728-683: The uprising across the border. The Romanian authorities reacted harshly to the revolutionary mood and suppressed the protests through mass arrests. Eventually, several thousand Hungarian students were sent to labour camps, and the incident encouraged Romanian politicians to undermine Hungarian autonomy in Transylvania. The demonstrations also sparked a reaction against the Catholic clergy in Transylvania, with many priests being deported. American journalist George Bailey reported: "Thousands of Hungarians were arrested, probably hundreds murdered. Earlier this year some eight thousand were released amid fanfare on

756-620: Was called the Mureș Region-Magyar Autonomous, after the Mureș River . The ratio of Hungarians was thus reduced from 77.3% to 62%. According to Kopyś, this was done to water down the proportion of Hungarians in preparation to eventually abolishing the autonomy of the region. In 1968, the Great National Assembly put an end to the soviet style administrative division of the country into regions and re-introduced

784-494: Was said to be necessary as the water catchment area of the stream is large and the bed quickly filled up with rainwater with at times of rains which flooded from time to time the plots and the public road along the stream. Under the stream regulation works a 1400 meter long section of the stream has been embedded in a 2 m wide and 2.5 meter deep concrete bed. The bottom of the bed has also been covered with stones and concrete. Wide wooden bridges with yellow metal rails have been made by

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