English prefixes are affixes (i.e., bound morphemes that provide lexical meaning) that are added before either simple roots or complex bases (or operands ) consisting of (a) a root and other affixes, (b) multiple roots, or (c) multiple roots and other affixes. Examples of these follow:
18-572: [REDACTED] Look up co , -co , c/o , care of , or co- in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. CO or variants may refer to: Chemistry [ edit ] Carbon monoxide (CO), a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas Carbonyl group , composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom: C=O Cobalt , a chemical element, symbol Co Computing and telecommunications [ edit ] .co (second-level domain) ,
36-558: A pseudo- prefix). In English, all prefixes are derivational . This contrasts with English suffixes, which may be either derivational or inflectional . As is often the case with derivational morphology, many English prefixes can only be added to bases of particular lexical categories (or "parts of speech"). For example, the prefix re- meaning "again, back" is only added to verb bases as in rebuild , reclaim , reuse , resell , re-evaluate , resettle . It cannot be added to bases of other lexical categories. Thus, examples of re- plus
54-583: A Unicode character in the Letterlike Symbols block c/o, former name of Gerhardsen Gerner , an art gallery in Berlin See also [ edit ] C0 (disambiguation) , the letter–number combination Care of (disambiguation) Co-Co locomotives Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title CO . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
72-749: A combination of a dependent affix and an independent base, such as those found in words like boy-hood or un-just . Following Marchand (1969), these types of words are formed by native word-formation processes. Other words in English (and also in French and German) are formed via foreign word-formation processes, particularly processes seen in Greek and Latin word-formation. These word types are often known as neo-classical (or neo-Latin ) words and are often found in academic learned vocabulary domains (such as in science fields), as well as in inkhorn terms coined in
90-543: A noun base (such as the ungrammatical *rehusband , *remonopoly ) or re- plus an adjective base ( *renatural , *rewise ) are virtually unattested. These selectional restrictions on what base a prefix can be attached to can be used to distinguish between otherwise identical-sounding prefixes. For instance, there are two different un- prefixes in English: one meaning "not, opposite of", the other meaning "reverse action, deprive of, release from". The first prefix un- "not"
108-577: A prefix de- and a bound base -ceive but are rather analyzed as being composed of a single morpheme (although the Latin sources of these English words are analyzed as such, as "native" Latin components in the Latin language). Similarly, pairs such as defend/defense and double (or duple)/duplicity are not considered morphologically related in Marchand's treatment of English word formation and are thus excluded too, though they are regarded as derivatives of
126-535: Is added after the newly created unlock verb base deriving the adjective unlockable . This word has the following internal structure: Only certain verbs or nouns can be used to form a new verb having the opposite meaning. In particular, using verbs describing an irreversible action produces words often considered nonsense, e.g. unkill, unspend, unlose, unring . These words may nevertheless be in occasional use for humorous or other effect. Unlike derivational suffixes, English derivational prefixes typically do not change
144-586: Is an abbreviation used in postal shipments to indicate a person other than the recipient, but to whom the message is physically addressed. Other uses [ edit ] co-, an English prefix meaning coming together Cardiac output (CO), the volume of blood being pumped by the heart per time unit Castres Olympique , a French rugby club Certificate of occupancy (CO), a legal document Certificate of origin (often abbreviated to C/O or CoO), in international trade Company , abbreviated co. Corsican language , ISO 639-1 language code co c/o ,
162-407: Is attached to adjective and participle bases while the second prefix un- "reverse action" is attached to either verb or noun bases. Thus, English can have two words that are pronounced and spelled the same and have the same lexical category but have different meanings, different prefixes, a different internal morphological structure, and different internal bases that the prefixes are attached to: In
180-666: The 17th and 18th centuries. Words of this nature are borrowed from either Greek or Latin or have been newly coined based upon Greek and Latin word-formation processes. It is possible to detect varying degrees of foreignness. In some analytic frameworks, such neo-classical prefixes are excluded from analyses of English derivation on the grounds that they are not analyzable according to a mostly synchronic (that is, relatively productive or easily recognizable and relating to present-day idioms) English (that is, "native") basis. Conceptualized thus, anglicized neo-classical English words such as deceive are not analyzed by Marchand as being composed of
198-505: The Indian government Conscientious objector Transportation [ edit ] Chemins de fer Orientaux (CO), a former Ottoman railway company Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (C&O or CO), a former American railroad Cobalt Air (IATA airline designator CO, 2016-2018), a Cypriot airline Continental Airlines (IATA airline designator CO, 1937-2012), an American airline Mail system [ edit ] In Italy, c/o ,
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#1732764969903216-1179: The Internet second-level domain meaning "commercial" .co , the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Colombia Commitment ordering (CO), a concurrency control technique for databases Telephone exchange , or central office (CO) Mathematics [ edit ] Cofunction , or Co, in trigonometry Cuboctahedron , a uniform polyhedron People [ edit ] Nguyễn Hữu Có (1925–2012), Vietnamese general Conrado Co (born 1940), Filipino badminton player Alfredo Co (born 1949), Filipino Sinologist Atoy Co (born 1951), Filipino actor and basketball coach Leonard Co (1953–2010), Filipino botanist Nando Có (born 1973), Bissau-Guinean footballer Kenedy Có (born 1998), Bissau-Guinean footballer Samuel S. Co , Filipino politician Places [ edit ] CO postcode area , or Colchester postcode area, England Colombia , ISO 3166-1 country code CO Colorado , United States postal abbreviation CO Counties of Ireland , abbreviated Co. Ranks and titles [ edit ] C.O., post-nominal initials of members of
234-531: The congregation of the Oratory of Saint Philip Neri C/O, cadet officer ranks of the Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps Commanding officer (CO), the officer in command of a military unit Contracting Officer (CO or KO), in the U.S. government Correctional officer (CO), an officer whose duty it is to safeguard and promote the welfare of inmates Circle officer (CO), in
252-407: The first unlockable "not able to be locked", the prefix un- "not" is attached to an adjective base lockable (which, in turn, is composed of lock + -able ). This word has the following internal structure: In the second unlockable "able to be unlocked", the prefix un- "reverse action" is attached to a verb base lock , resulting in the derived verb unlock . Subsequently, the -able suffix
270-400: The lexical category of the base (and are so called class-maintaining prefixes). Thus, the word do , consisting of a single morpheme, is a verb, as is the word redo , which consists of the prefix re- and the base root do . However, there are a few prefixes in English that are class-changing in that the word resulting after prefixation belongs to a lexical category that is different from
288-430: The lexical category of the base. Examples of this type include a- , be- , and en- . a- typically creates adjectives from noun and verb bases: blaze (noun/verb) > ablaze (adj). The relatively unproductive be- creates transitive verbs from noun bases: witch (noun) > bewitch (verb). en- creates transitive verbs from noun bases: slave (noun) > enslave (verb). Several English words are analyzed as
306-781: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CO&oldid=1256618185 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with given-name-holder lists Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages co">co The requested page title contains unsupported characters : ">". Return to Main Page . English prefixes English words may consist of multiple prefixes: anti-pseudo-classicism (containing both an anti- prefix and
324-467: The shared roots in Jespersen's and Koizul's, while in others, they may be seen as allomorphs or variants (like deep/depth , a pair formed of Germanic components). However, not all foreign words are unanalyzable according to such an English basis: some foreign elements have been nativized and have become a part of productive English word-formation processes. An example of such a now native English prefix
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