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50-410: Known for its mobilizing capacity, it advocates for indigenous rights , participates in conflicts over resources, and opposes neoliberal economic policies, which it describes as "the pillage and re-colonization of our country." It has organized protests against water privatization, hydroelectric dams, and United States foreign policy. Anthropologist Mark Anderson describes it as "a pivotal force within

100-640: A face of resistance and national identity." In 1994, the organization affiliated with the Confederation of Autochthonous Peoples of Honduras ( CONPAH ). In the same year, Lenca activists from the group who wished to work more closely with the government and multilateral institutions created a rival Lenca organization, the National Indigenous Lenca Organization of Honduras ( OLINH ). By 1998, COPINH had adopted its current name. Among its early acts in 1994, COPINH organized

150-464: A good deal of confusion and conflict, with some indigenous people supporting the road and others opposing it, and the government reversing its plans more than once. Human Rights Watch asked Bolivia in 2011 to ensure "a prompt, thorough, and impartial investigation" of alleged police abuse of peaceful indigenous protestors near Yucomo on September 25 of that year. A report by the UN Committee for

200-409: A government and the right of self-determination among its indigenous people, or in international law as a protection against violation of indigenous rights by actions of governments or groups of private interests. Indigenous rights belong to those who, being indigenous peoples, are defined by being the original people of a land that has been conquered and colonized by outsiders. Exactly who

250-470: A march to the Honduran capital of Tegucigalpa demanding increased recognition of indigenous self-government through indigenous municipalities, a government moratorium on logging, and the investigation of violence against indigenous peoples, among other things. The Honduran government signed a 48-point agreement in response to the protests. In October 1997, some 150 Lenca protesters led by COPINH destroyed

300-561: A member of the National Party of Honduras and to be candidate for the general election in 2017. Also on the same month of December 2016 the deputy of Comayagua Liliam Villatoro has decided to resign from the Anticorruption Party because she has expressed with the leader of the party Salvador Nasralla and they don't allow her to participate on the sessions of the party with new ideas. On the half days of July 2017,

350-412: A mere "remedial" right to secession in international law, irrespective of their right of self-determination and self-government, leaving the existence of rights of secession to internal laws of sovereign states , and independence to the capacities of states. National Congress of Honduras Opposition (81): Independents (5): The National Congress ( Spanish : Congreso Nacional )

400-470: A prominent statue of Christopher Columbus in Tegucigalpa. Leaders Salvador Zúñiga and Candido Martinez accepted responsibility, defending the action as protesting a history of exploitation of indigenous peoples. Zúñiga declared, "It would seem that in this country clay leaders matter more than the real problems faced by indigenous people. If there is justice, we will be released, but we are not sorry for

450-442: Is a part of the indigenous peoples is disputed, but can broadly be understood in relation to colonialism. When we speak of indigenous peoples we speak of those pre-colonial societies that face a specific threat from this phenomenon of occupation, and the relation that these societies have with the colonial powers. The exact definition of who are the indigenous people, and the consequent state of rightsholders, varies. Being too inclusive

500-439: Is considered as bad as being non-inclusive. In the context of modern indigenous people of European colonial powers, the recognition of indigenous rights can be traced to at least the period of Renaissance . Along with the justification of colonialism with a higher purpose for both the colonists and colonized, some voices expressed concern over the way indigenous peoples were treated and the effect it had on their societies. In

550-406: Is differentiated, rich of religious believe systems, way of life, sustenance and arts, and that the root of problem would be the interference with their way of living by state's disrespect to their rights, as well as the invasion of traditional lands by multinational corporations and small businesses for exploitation of natural resources . Indigenous peoples and their interests are represented in

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600-561: Is still widespread. Indigenous persons are insufficiently represented in government and suffer high unemployment. Amnesty International complained in a 2012 report that Bolivian authorities had made decisions about construction of a highway across the Isiboro Sécure Indigenous Territory and National Park (Territorio Indígena y Parque Nacional Isiboro Sécure, TIPNIS) without consulting the indigenous persons who live there. This lack of consultation resulted in

650-488: Is the legislative branch of the government of Honduras . The Honduran Congress is a unicameral legislature. The nominal President of the National Congress of Honduras is currently Luis Redondo . Its members are 128 deputies , who are elected on a proportional representation basis, by department , to serve four-year terms. Congress meets in a purpose-built legislative palace (Palacio Legislativo) in

700-457: Is to protect indigenous rights, including land rights . These organizations, networks and groups underline that the problems that indigenous peoples are facing is the lack of recognition that they are entitled to live the way they choose, and lack of the right to their lands and territories. Their mission is to protect the rights of indigenous peoples without states imposing their ideas of "development". These groups say that each indigenous culture

750-563: The Liberal Party , after failed negotiations with PAC . Nonetheless, 3 days later, the authorities of LIBRE decided to expel her (even though she had already resigned) and three other congressmen after they voted against an electoral reform that was introduced to Congress by the former President and current party leader of LIBRE, Manuel Zelaya Rosales . Together, the three expelled congressmen and Canales formed an independent bloc headed by Congresswoman Jenny Murillo. On April 9, 2015

800-538: The National Congress , Gladys Aurora Lopez ," was reported as having "direct ties" to it. On July 8, Secretary of Security Julian Pacheco said that the government had failed to provide adequate protection for Cáceres, who had received death threats. The police and military are expected to protect human rights defenders. Three suspects were arrested within a week in the Yaneth murder. Bertha Zúñiga Cáceres ,

850-830: The Rainforest Foundation , the struggle for indigenous peoples is essential for solving the problem of reducing carbon emission, and approaching the threat on both cultural and biological diversity in general. The rights , claims and even identity of indigenous peoples are apprehended, acknowledged and observed quite differently from government to government. Various organizations exist with charters to in one way or another promote (or at least acknowledge) indigenous aspirations, and indigenous societies have often banded together to form bodies which jointly seek to further their communal interests. There are several non-governmental civil society movements, networks, indigenous and non-indigenous organizations whose founding mission

900-558: The Second International Decade of the World's Indigenous People . The main goal of the new decade will be to strengthen international cooperation around resolving the problems faced by indigenous peoples in areas such as culture, education, health, human rights, the environment, and social and economic development. In September 2007, after a process of preparations, discussions and negotiations stretching back to 1982,

950-896: The Spanish Empire , the crown established the General Indian Court in Mexico and in Peru , with jurisdiction over cases involving the indigenous and aimed at protecting Indians from ill-treatment. Indians' access to the court was enabled by a small tax which paid for legal aides. The issue of indigenous rights is also associated with other levels of human struggle. Due to the close relationship between indigenous peoples' cultural and economic situations and their environmental settings, indigenous rights issues are linked with concerns over environmental change and sustainable development . According to scientists and organizations like

1000-800: The Christian Democratic Party The Deputy of the independent group Hector Padilla has joined to the Christian Democratic Group, and with the new deputy now they have 3 deputies in the group. In the later months the congresswoman Audelia Rodriguez has joined to the Christian Democratic Party now counting with 4 deputies. Also in February 2016, LIBRE has expelled the deputies Esdras Amado López and Dennis Antonio Sánchez of Francisco Morazán and Santa Bárbara respectively, based on

1050-908: The General Assembly adopted the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples . The non-binding declaration outlines the individual and collective rights of indigenous peoples, as well as their rights to identity, culture, language, employment, health, education and other issues. Four nations with significant indigenous populations voted against the declaration: the United States, Canada, New Zealand and Australia. All four have since then changed their vote in favour. Eleven nations abstained: Azerbaijan , Bangladesh , Bhutan , Burundi , Colombia , Georgia , Kenya , Nigeria , Russia, Samoa and Ukraine . Thirty-four nations did not vote, while

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1100-478: The Innovation and Unity party, based on the reason that they don't want to be members of the Anticorruption Party led now by congresswoman Marlene Alvarenga . As of August 2017, none of the elected congressmen of the National Party, PINU, and UD have resigned from their respective party affiliation. On the last days of September 2017, the deputies of the independent group Walter Banegas and Lilian Villatoro of

1150-522: The International Finance Corporation withdrew from the project because of COPINH's protests. Desarrollos Energéticos (DESA) continued, however, moving the construction site to another location to avoid the blockade. Other local business leaders supported the project. Officials filed criminal charges against Cáceres and two other indigenous leaders for "usurpation, coercion and continued damages" against DESA for their roles in

1200-532: The Liberal caucus has officially 28 deputies. Also on the half of May 2016, the deputy of the independent group Omar Rodríguez has decided to return to the Liberal Party now with 29 deputies on the caucus. On the final days of the month of May the deputy Dennis Antonio Sánchez has decided to return to the Liberal Party now with 30 deputies on their caucus, now the party is the second largest political group in

1250-409: The National Congress of Honduras processed the resignations of Congressman Hector Enrique Padilla from LIBRE and Substitute Congresswoman Claudia Patricia Molina from the Liberal Party. Since Molina is a substitute congresswoman, this change does not affect the number of members of the Liberal caucus, nonetheless Padilla's resignation reduced the number of LIBRE congressmen to 32. Later on, Padilla joined

1300-565: The National Party of Honduras based on the reason that she wants the reelection of the current president and to establish limits on how many times a president can be reelected. On the first days of December 2016, the deputy of the department of Cortés Jaime Enrique Villegas has decided to resign from the Anticorruption Party based on the reasons that they had differences with the leaders of the party and they don't allow him to participate on decisions of importance. But later in July 2017 he decided to be

1350-698: The Netherlands Development Finance Co. (FMO), and FinnFund, announced they would suspend funding for the Agua Zarca project. The danger continues for activists. In July 2016 Lesiba Yaneth, also a member of COPINH, was found killed. She had opposed the Aurora hydroelectric project, planned in the municipality of San Jose, in La Paz Province, Honduras . This project was very important to the government; "the vice-president of

1400-635: The Prevention of Racial Discrimination, issued in the same year, called on Bolivia to adopt urgent means to ensure that the Guaraní people are able to exercise their rights, including their rights to recover their ancestral lands. In Canada "Aboriginal rights" ( French : droits ancestraux ) are those rights that the Indigenous peoples in Canada enjoy as a result of their ancestors' long occupancy of

1450-882: The United Nations primarily through the mechanisms of the Working Group on Indigenous Populations . In April 2000 the United Nations Commission on Human Rights adopted a resolution to establish the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (PFII) as an advisory body to the Economic and Social Council with a mandate to review indigenous issues. In late December 2004, the United Nations General Assembly proclaimed 2005–2014 to be

1500-600: The act of dignity carried out on October 12." From 2013, Cáceres led COPINH and the local community in a year-long protest at the construction site of the DESA-backed Agua Zarca hydroelectric dam and project to prevent the companies from accessing the land by the Gualcarque River . Security officers regularly removed protesters from the site. On 15 July 2013, the Honduran military opened fire on

1550-405: The centre of Tegucigalpa . Of a modernist design, it is painted in an array of bright colours and rests on a series of concrete pillars that separate it from the ground. 14°06′14″N 87°12′18″W  /  14.10375°N 87.20495°W  / 14.10375; -87.20495 The current directive of the National Congress for the period 2022–2026: The directive of the National Congress for

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1600-593: The congress. In July 2016, the deputy of the independent group Yenny Murillo has decided to return to the National Party of Honduras, with the reason that she is feeling changes in the form of life in Honduras, also had said that she is in favour of the reelection but with a regulation that will be established on the Constitution of the Republic, to limit how many times a president can be reelected. Also in

1650-467: The daughter of the assassinated leader, Berta Cáceres , was elected general coordinator of the group in 2017. This Honduras -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This organization-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Indigenous rights Indigenous rights are those rights that exist in recognition of the specific condition of indigenous peoples . This includes not only

1700-624: The deal with indigenous rights exclusively. Since 1997, the nations of the Organization of American States have been discussing draft versions of a proposed American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. "The draft declaration is currently one of the most important processes underway with regard to indigenous rights in the Americas" as mentioned by the International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. In 2016,

1750-525: The declaration was adopted by 35 member states by consensus while USA and Canada expressed general reservations. Indigenous persons , who form a majority of the Bolivian population, have been denied land rights owing to their traditional collective ownership of land under the so-called "ayllu" system. Although Bolivian law technically requires that wrongs against individuals and groups who once owned land under this system be redressed, injustice on this front

1800-421: The departments of Cortés and Comayagua respectively has decided to join as members of the Liberal Party of Honduras based on the reason that their original party, the Anticorruption Party no longer exists thus, increasing the Liberal caucus to 33. On the last days of October 2017, the deputy of Cortés Luis Redondo has decided to join as deputy of the Innovation and Unity party, based on the reason that he won't be

1850-439: The deputies Rafael Padilla and David Reyes of the departments of Francisco Morazán and Choluteca respectively, have joined to the Innovation and Unity Party, based on the reason that the two deputies they don't want their original party, the Anticorruption Party to be led by the congresswoman Marlene Alvarenga . On the first days of August 2017, the deputies of Cortés Fátima Mena and Anibal Cálix has decided to join as deputies of

1900-574: The dismissal and the resignation of some of their congressional partisans. During the first week of session in 2014, Congressman Eduardo Cotto was expelled from LIBRE for voting in favor of the National / DC / PUD directive integration, which was also supported by the Liberals . On the following months, Cotto joined the DC. On February 21, 2015, Congresswoman Tatiana Canales announced her incorporation to

1950-539: The ethnic movement" in Honduras. COPINH was founded as the Civic Committee of Popular Organizations of Intibuca ( Spanish : Comité Civico de Organizaciones Populares de Intibucá ) on March 27, 1993 by human rights defender Berta Cáceres (Lenca). Soon thereafter, the organization began to focus on the Lenca people. The organization's 2004 history describes how the Lenca "began to discover their indigenous face,

2000-452: The final week of September 2016, the deputy of the independent group Kritza Pérez has decided finally to be a member of the Liberal Party of Honduras based on the reason that in his first party PAC, they don't allow the pluralism of ideas and discrimination against women that they have announced several times on the national media. On the first days of November 2016, the deputy of the independent group Ana Joselina Fortín has decided to join to

2050-460: The independent group formed by former members of LIBRE. The total number of members of the LIBRE caucus was reduced to 31 after Atlántida congresswoman, Audelia Rodriguez resigned from that party and joined the independent group on May 5, 2015. Rodriguez stated that the lack of direction in LIBRE has led to the impossibility of giving response to the people that elected her, but later she joined to

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2100-503: The land, for example the right to hunt and fish a particular territory. These are distinct from " treaty rights " which are enumerated in specific agreements between Indigenous groups and the state. Both treaty rights and Aboriginal rights are protected by Section 35 of the Canadian constitution of 1982 . The indigenous people of Greenland gained home rule in 1979 and extended to self-government in 2009. Indigenous peoples have

2150-442: The membership of the 4 of the deputies that participated in the election of a new Supreme Court of Justice. The 4 suspended congressmen are Ana Joselina Fortín, Marlene Alvarenga , Kritza Perez and Oscar Palacios. In April 2016, the deputy of the independent group Tatiana Canales, finally has decided to return to the Liberal Party of Honduras, with the reason that they have expressed differences with Libre, and its return means that

2200-404: The most basic human rights of physical survival and integrity, but also the rights over their land (including native title ), language , religion , and other elements of cultural heritage that are a part of their existence and identity as a people . This can be used as an expression for advocacy of social organizations, or form a part of the national law in establishing the relation between

2250-558: The period 2018–2022: The directive of the National Congress for the period 2014–2018 is: The directive of the National Congress for the period 2010–2014 is: The most recent election was held November 2021. (As each voter can cast many votes, the total number of votes cast cannot be used to assess the voter turnout percentage.) Some of the opposition parties, particularly the Liberal , LIBRE and PAC have faced internal division. This division had more impact on LIBRE, which led to

2300-468: The protest, which was alleged to have incited others to cause damages to the company. In response to the charges, Amnesty International stated that, if the activists were imprisoned, Amnesty International would consider them prisoners of conscience . Dozens of regional and international organizations called upon the Honduran government to stop criminalizing the defense of human rights and to investigate threats against human rights defenders. After Cáceres

2350-409: The protesters, killing one member of COPINH, Tomás García, and injuring three others, including his 17-year-old son, Alan. The community reported regular threats and harassment from the company employees, security guards, and the military. In May 2014, members of COPINH were attacked in two separate incidents that resulted in two members dead and three seriously injured. In late 2013, both Sinohydro and

2400-468: The reason that they have voted in favour of a new Supreme Court of Justice. Since 4 of PAC's congressmen did not make their vote public during the Supreme Court election, Salvador Nasralla accused them of being now congressmen of the National Party, nonetheless, they have not been formally expelled of the party. But later, on March 18, the leaders of PAC finally decided to "temporarily suspend"

2450-510: The remaining 143 nations voted for it. ILO 169 is a convention of the International Labour Organization . Once ratified by a state, it is meant to work as a law protecting tribal people's rights. There are twenty-two physical survival and integrity, but also the preservation of their land , language and religion rights. The ILO represents indigenous rights as they are the organisation that enforced instruments

2500-655: Was found shot to death at home on March 3, 2016, the Inter-American Commission of Human Rights recommended precautionary measures for COPINH members. In mid-March, authorities moved to evict a COPINH-led land occupation in Río Chiquito, located in Rio Lindo, Cortés department . While returning to his home, community leader Nelson Garcia (also a Lenca) was fatally shot four times in the face and killed. A few weeks later, major international investors,

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