55-454: Cockle Bay may refer to: Cockle Bay, New Zealand , a suburb of Manukau City Cockle Bay (Queensland) , on Magnetic Island, Australia Cockle Bay (Sydney) , New South Wales, Australia [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
110-559: A Race Relations Office investigation. But Torere itself was damaged beyond repair following a fire in October 2004 – fire investigators found the incident was likely a result of an arson attack, while some locals blamed the fire on an electrical fault. The wharenui rebuild project was contested by some locals, notably the Howick Ratepayers and Residents Association, and was only completed in 2011. The McMillan Homestead
165-612: A living history museum run by Howick & Districts Historical Society and located in Pakuranga, opened in 1980 to recreate the Fencible settlement of Howick. The original historic buildings, sourced from around Howick and its environs, were saved from demolition in the late 1970s and early 1980s and moved to Lloyd Elsmore Park in Pakuranga. The Polish Heritage Trust Museum has been operating in Howick in 2004. Originally built in
220-563: A location known to early colonists as Owairoa. The decision to establish on site was controversial. It was allegedly chosen to protect Auckland against potential invasion from Marutūāhu tribes to the east, but the site was too far inland to serve this purpose. As the Crown owned the entirety of the land at Howick, the Government could directly profit from the land sales to fencible settlers. The fencibles arrived between 1847 and 1852, with
275-463: A maximum recorded dew point of 24.4 °C (76 °F). Average summer daily maximum & minimum temperatures are around 25 °C (77 °F) and 16 °C (61 °F). Average winter daily maximum & minimum temperatures are around 15 °C (59 °F) and 7 °C (45 °F). Mean annual temperature is 15.5 °C (60 °F). Rainfall is usually plentiful throughout the year averaging around 1,200 millimetres (47.24 in) however
330-479: A number of businesses run by Chinese and Thai immigrants, such as restaurants. From 1993 and prior to the introduction of MMP in 1996, Howick had its own seat in Parliament, Howick ; which had been created from part of the former Otara electorate. In the 1996 general election , due to the need to decrease the number of general electorates to ensure a sufficient number of seats were available for list MPs,
385-711: A population density of 3,791 people per km . Howick had a population of 11,067 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 555 people (5.3%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 1,269 people (13.0%) since the 2006 census . There were 3,822 households, comprising 5,325 males and 5,739 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.93 males per female, with 2,199 people (19.9%) aged under 15 years, 2,058 (18.6%) aged 15 to 29, 5,184 (46.8%) aged 30 to 64, and 1,626 (14.7%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 67.6% European/ Pākehā , 6.2% Māori , 3.8% Pacific peoples , 27.1% Asian , and 3.5% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas
440-649: A seaside resort. The new residents of Cockle Bay formed a close-knit community, separate from the nearby township of Howick. During the 1920s, the Chinese community in New Zealand organised large-scale picnics, that were held at Cockle Bay. Cockle Bay was divided between the Howick Town District and the Manukau County . After numerous disputes over maintenance costs, the entirely of Cockle Bay
495-457: A sex ratio of 0.99 males per female. The median age was 43.6 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 777 people (18.4%) aged under 15 years, 723 (17.1%) aged 15 to 29, 1,974 (46.7%) aged 30 to 64, and 750 (17.8%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 83.0% European/ Pākehā , 5.4% Māori , 2.1% Pacific peoples , 14.1% Asian , and 2.2% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas
550-519: A suburb of East Auckland , New Zealand . The suburb is in the Howick local board, one of the 21 administrative divisions of Auckland. Cockle Bay is located on the eastern edges of metropolitan East Auckland , along the Hauraki Gulf coast. The bay itself is located to the east of the suburb, and looks out towards the Tāmaki Strait , Motukaraka Island and Beachlands . The Cockle Bay area
605-815: Is located on Bleakhouse Road and was built in the 1880s. All Saints' Church is a category I heritage listed Church located in Howick that was constructed in 1847. Howick is home to Fencibles United association football club, who compete in the Lotto Sport Italia NRFL Division 2 , and the Howick Hornets rugby league club, who compete in Auckland Rugby League 's top division, the Fox Memorial. Howick covers 3.16 km (1.22 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 11,980 as of June 2024, with
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#1732786906770660-523: Is part of the rohe of Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki , who descend from the crew of the Tainui migratory waka, who visited the area around the year 1300. The traditional name for the bay and surrounding area is Tūwakamana, a shortened version of Te Tūranga-waka-ā-Manawatere. The name recalls the story of the arrival of the Tainui . When the crew arrived, they noticed that Tainui ancestor Manawatere had recently visited
715-577: The Coromandel Peninsula , or new defensive settlements to the south, such as Hunua , Papakura and Pukekawa . In April 1861, news reached the village of the imminent Invasion of the Waikato . By July 1863, a defensive blockhouse was constructed in Howick, and 101 fencibles and their sons served in the war. In September 1863, the Ngāi Tai village of Ōtau near Clevedon was attacked by
770-573: The New Zealand Company visited Howick, he described the settlement as a costly failure. The settlers were promised that houses would be constructed for their families, however this had not occurred by their arrival. The first cottages were constructed from raupō with help from Ngāi Tai, and by December 1849 most of these had been replaced with wooden cottages. The fencible settlers were primarily poor, and were evenly split between Catholic and Protestant families. All Saints Church
825-570: The Pōhutukawa Coast . These were the ancestors of the modern mana whenua of the area, Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki . The traditional names for the beach and surrounding bay are Paparoa and Waipaparoa, with Waipaparoa referring to the wider bay between modern-day Howick and Beachlands , including the Turanga Creek . The Howick area was extensively cultivated, but as the area was relatively exposed, two fortified pā were constructed: Paparoa Pā at
880-469: The Wairoa River and Umupuia . As a part of this arrangement, Ngāi Tai agreed not to settle elsewhere in the region, which included Howick. Howick was established in 1847 as a defensive outpost for Auckland, by fencibles (retired British Army soldiers) and their families. Governor George Grey , Bishop George Selwyn , Major Mathew Richmond and Felton Mathew chose the site in October 1847, at
935-500: The 1850s and 1860s the Howick District Acclimation Society worked to introduce English birds such as the thrush and blackbird to the area, to develop an English atmosphere and as a measure to combat caterpillars in the orchards of the area. By 1854, many of the fencibles had completed their required seven years of service. Most stayed in Howick, with some moving to Auckland, the gold mine towns of
990-552: The 1930s after a concrete road was constructed between Howick and Greenlane , Howick developed into a suburb for people working in Penrose , Westfield and Ōtāhuhu . Howick village held fundraising carnivals from the 1930s to the 1950s known as Queens Carnivals, where beauty pageants were held to choose an annual queen from the community to represent Howick businesses. After World War II , many Dutch New Zealanders settled in Howick. The population had slowly grown to 1,500 when
1045-653: The Auckland Region were amalgamated into a single body, governed by the Auckland Council . Howick is part of the Howick local board area, who elects members of the Howick Local Board . Residents of Howick also elect two Howick ward councillors, who sits on the Auckland Council . During its existence from 1952 to 1989, the borough of Howick had six mayors: Howick Historical Village ,
1100-641: The British army, and the village was evacuated, with people moving to communities at the river's mouth. While Māori of South Auckland such as Te Ākitai Waiohua were forced to leave, Ngāi Tai were designated as a "friendly" people by the Crown, and remained neutral in the fighting. After the Native Lands Act of 1865, the Native Land Court confiscated many Ngāi Tai lands. The remaining land
1155-687: The Fencibles Act. Howick village developed around the Howick Domain, and grew overtime to become a service centre for the surrounding rural areas. The settlers were dependent on water transport and ferry services, until the construction of the Panmure Bridge across the Tāmaki River in 1865. Howick was developed into an English-style village by the settlers, becoming known as an area where potatoes and butter were produced. In
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#17327869067701210-540: The Manukau City Council following the 1989 New Zealand local government reforms – though the wharenui's facade and carvings were maintained. Following the rebuilding of Torere, the building was used for classes and activities organised by volunteers. An attempt to name the wharenui a "marae" by its managing trust prompted over 300 submissions by residents in 1997 – and signs bearing the name were gratified over. The opposition and council response sparked
1265-655: The Sea School is a state-integrated coeducational Catholic contributing primary school (Year 1–6) with a roll of 311 as of August 2024. Under the Köppen climate classification , Howick has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb ), with warm humid summers and mild damp winters. Compared to other places on a similar latitude (particularly those in the northern hemisphere), there are relatively small variations in temperature between summer and winter, as well as relatively small temperature variations throughout
1320-730: The Tāmaki Strait, Waiheke Island , Motukaraka Island and Beachlands . The soil around Howick is primarily clay and sandstone. Howick was named after Henry Grey, 3rd Earl Grey , a name chosen by Governor George Grey in 1847. The Earl was formerly known as Viscount Howick, and his family home in Alnwick , Northumberland. Earl Grey was the Secretary of State for the Colonies who decided to settle British Army veterans in settlements around Auckland. The traditional Tāmaki Māori names for
1375-404: The area in 1833, it was mostly unoccupied. In 1836, English Missionary William Thomas Fairburn brokered a land sale between Tāmaki Māori chiefs covering the majority of modern-day South Auckland , East Auckland and the Pōhutukawa Coast . The sale was envisioned as a way to end hostilities in the area, but it is unclear what the chiefs understood or consented to. Māori continued to live in
1430-529: The area, unchanged by this sale. In 1847, Howick township was established as a defensive outpost for Auckland, by fencibles (retired British Army soldiers) and their families. In 1854 when Fairburn's purchase was investigated by the New Zealand Land Commission , a Ngāi Tai reserve was created around the Wairoa River and Umupuia areas, and as a part of the agreement, members of Ngāi Tai agreed to leave their traditional settlements to
1485-461: The bay, and left a red ochre marking on a pōhutukawa tree, as a sign that the bay was a good place to settle. The followers of Manawatere settled the area from Maraetai to Tūwakamana. The area was widely cultivated by Ngāi Tai, and protected by the Tūwakamana Pā at Cockle Bay, which commanded a view of the wider Turanga Estuary . In addition to traditional cultivations ( māra ), the bay
1540-474: The chief of the Tainui . Kuia and kaumātua visited the garden for a dedication in 1936. After Nixon's death in 1962, the garden was managed by the Howick Borough Council while Torere was managed by the Howick and District Historical Society. In the following decades, the wharenui was occasionally vandalised and left largely unmaintained. The original structure was demolished and rebuilt by
1595-419: The chiefs as a way to end hostilities in the area, but it is unclear what the chiefs understood or consented to. Māori continued to live in the area, unchanged by this sale. Fairburn's Purchase was investigated by the New Zealand Land Commission found to be excessive and reduced in size. The disallowed parts of his purchase were not returned to Ngāi Tai, however in 1854 a reserve was created for Ngāi Tai around
1650-504: The coastal area were Paparoa and Waipaparoa, and Ōwairoa was used to describe the swampy inland area where the Howick village was established. The names Howick, Owairoa and Paparoa were used interchangeably by European settlers until 1923, when the Howick Town Board was established. The Tāmaki Strait was visited by the Tainui migratory waka around the year 1300, and members of the crew settled around East Auckland and
1705-593: The day. This is due to the proximity and influence of the surrounding ocean curtailing any extremes in temperature. Since records began in 2010, air temperatures below 0 °C (32 °F) are very rare having only been recorded 4 times. Daily high temperatures above 30 °C (86 °F) are also very rare having only been recorded twice. The highest recorded temperature is 30.7 °C (87 °F) and lowest −1.4 °C (29 °F). Humidity in summer can at times be oppressive and tropical-like with Dew Point temperatures occasionally exceeding 23 °C (73 °F) with
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1760-400: The first ships arriving at Waiapaparoa / Howick Beach. Early settlers struggled to establish themselves on the land. Almost no trees were found in the district that could be used for construction, and the soil was primarily clay, compared to other fencible settlements such as Ōtāhuhu and Panmure that were established on volcanic soils more suitable for farming. In 1849 when William Fox of
1815-401: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cockle_Bay&oldid=932769774 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Cockle Bay, New Zealand Cockle Bay is
1870-409: The mid-1930s, a small wharenui is located behind the village's library and arts centre. The 'Garden of Memories' was developed by Howick resident Emilia Maude Nixon to "promote understanding, harmony and goodwill between all people". Nixon planted native trees and grew traditional food eaten by Maori. A waka was also located in the garden, with the wharenui named Torere – after the daughter of Hoturoa ,
1925-504: The new suburb of Flat Bush . The first local government in the area was the Howick Township Road Board, which was established in 1862. By 1921, the village had grown enough to become a town district within the Manukau County , becoming a borough in 1952. As a part of the 1989 New Zealand local government reforms , Howick Borough was incorporated into Manukau City . In November 2010, all cities and districts of
1980-462: The planned move to incorporate Panmure , Point England and Glen Innes into the neighbouring Pakuranga seat, the commission received a significant number of objections from Pakuranga residents. The Commission eventually adopted the recommendation of Objector N17/30 in keeping the Howick suburb in Pakuranga and renaming the new seat Botany , with a corresponding shift in centre of gravity to
2035-567: The population centres formerly in the Howick seat were merged into the former separate seat of Pakuranga . While making recommendations for the boundaries to apply in the 2008 general election, the Electoral Commission recently proposed to resurrect the Howick seat. The planned seat would have taken in the population centres of Howick and Botany Downs - Dannemora but would have had the effect of splitting Bucklands Beach and Highland Park across two electorates. Due to this, and
2090-468: The rural surrounding area, as far as Whitford . The local high school is Howick College , a decile 8 school in Howick . Howick, New Zealand Howick is a suburb of East Auckland , New Zealand . The area was traditionally settled by Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki , and in 1847 Howick was established as a defensive settlement for Auckland, by veteran fencible soldiers of the British Army . Howick
2145-560: The settlement celebrated its centenary in 1947. In 1952, Howick split from the Manukau County to form its own borough. Major suburban growth occurred in Howick in the 1960s and 1970s, including the development of new suburbs in the surrounding areas. In the 1980s and 1990s, Howick developed as a location for Asian migrant communities. Entrepreneur Kit Wong established 100 shops at the Meadowlands shopping plaza, which included
2200-461: The south-eastern end of Waipaparoa / Howick Beach, and Tūwakamana Pā above Cockle Bay. In addition to agriculture, the Waipaparoa / Howick Beach area was known for pioke ( shortspine spurdog sharks), which were caught in the near-by estuaries and dried at the beach. In the 1600s, the warrior Kāwharu attacked and razed Paparoa Pā, without taking occupation of the lands. While the wider area
2255-504: The village had dropped to 220, down from 775 in 1848. The Howick Town Hall was constructed in 1884, and a number of social organisations such as the Howick Musical Association and Howick Cricket Club were established during this period. Until the 1920s, Howick had the reputation of being a sleepy English-style village. By 1921, the village had grown enough to become a town district within the Manukau County . In
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2310-458: The west, near Howick. The first European landowner at Cockle Bay was Anglican Reverend Vicesimus Lush, who bought 413 acres in 1853, where he grew oats, potatoes and buckwheat. John Gill bought this farm in 1865. Around 1921, the early New Zealand film The Birth of New Zealand (1922) was shot around Cockle Bay. The area was subdivided in September 1923, advertised as Cockle Bay Estate,
2365-414: The winter months on average see more rain than the summer months. Between December and April, storms from the tropics can occasionally pass through or near the region bringing with it heavy rain. The record highest daily rainfall of 146.2 millimetres (5.76 in) occurred on 27 January 2023 during the 2023 Auckland Anniversary Weekend floods . The highest 30-day rainfall of 417.2 millimetres (16.43 in)
2420-669: Was $ 42,900, compared with $ 31,800 nationally. 1,050 people (30.5%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 1,758 (51.0%) people were employed full-time, 588 (17.1%) were part-time, and 69 (2.0%) were unemployed. Cockle Bay School is a coeducational contributing primary school (years 1–6) with a roll of 810 as of August 2024. The school opened in 1956, originally operating from temporary classrooms from Howick District High School (present-day Howick Intermediate School), due to muddy grounds. The Cockle Bay campus officially opened on 22 March 1958. The school originally served Cockle Bay and
2475-468: Was 39.5, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 47.7% had no religion, 41.6% were Christian , 0.1% had Māori religious beliefs , 1.0% were Hindu , 0.7% were Muslim , 1.2% were Buddhist and 2.1% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 1,071 (31.1%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 294 (8.5%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income
2530-567: Was 46.1, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 46.1% had no religion, 39.2% were Christian , 0.2% had Māori religious beliefs , 2.6% were Hindu , 1.1% were Muslim , 2.0% were Buddhist and 2.5% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 2,469 (27.8%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 1,107 (12.5%) people had no formal qualifications. 1,968 people (22.2%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15
2585-420: Was a small agricultural centre until the 1950s, when it developed into a suburban area of Auckland. Howick is located in the central peninsula of East Auckland , between the Tāmaki River and Tāmaki Strait of the Hauraki Gulf . Waipaparoa / Howick Beach is located to the north-east of the suburb, adjacent to Mellons Bay in the west and Cockle Bay in the east. Waipaparoa / Howick Beach looks out towards
2640-594: Was an important source of source of tuangi (New Zealand cockles), and even in modern times the bay has some of the most extensive cockle beds in the Auckland Region . Tūwakamana Pā was built by the ancestor Keteanatua, and was abandoned in 1821 during the Musket Wars . Most members of Ngāi Tai fled to the Waikato for temporary refuge during this time, and when missionary William Thomas Fairburn visited
2695-600: Was constructed in Howick in 1847, as the first Anglican parish church in Auckland. The Government was widely criticised for not providing many employment opportunities for the fencible settlers. Early settlers often found work on Government projects such as road construction, drainage or clearing allotments, while others worked for farmers. Many fencibles lived in Auckland for work, but were obliged to return to Howick on Sundays, otherwise they could be charged with mutiny under
2750-482: Was incorporated into Howick in 1931. In 1934, a nine-hole golf course was established at Cockle Bay, moving to Musick Point in 1954. After the 1950s, the holiday community gradually became a suburb of Auckland. The community held annual Guy Fawkes bonfires from the 1960s until the early 1970s, where competitions were held for the best effigy to burn. In 1978, the area expanded when the Waikiteroa subdivision
2805-405: Was individuated, slowly sold on to European farmers. The first local government was established in the area in 1862, with the creation of the Howick Township Road Board. In 1865, the capital of New Zealand was moved from Auckland to Wellington . This caused major financial problems for the residents of Howick, as income from butter dropped and land prices plummeted. By 1880, the population of
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#17327869067702860-467: Was recorded during the period 7 March 2017 – 5 April 2017. The most consecutive wet days (≥1 mm) is 12 recorded in the period 26 July 2016 – 6 August 2016. The lowest 30-day rainfall of 2.2 millimetres (0.09 in) was recorded in the period 15 January 2020 – 13 March 2020 and the most consecutive non-wet days (<1 mm) is 29 recorded 2 January 2015 – 30 January 2015. There are no recorded instances of snowfall. Occasionally droughts do occur during
2915-473: Was sold in northern Cockle Bay. Cockle Bay covers 1.73 km (0.67 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 4,170 as of June 2024, with a population density of 2,410 people per km . Cockle Bay had a population of 4,224 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 144 people (3.5%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 108 people (2.6%) since the 2006 census . There were 1,452 households, comprising 2,100 males and 2,124 females, giving
2970-411: Was still cultivated, the site of Paparoa Pā became a wāhi tapu (sacred and restricted) site to Ngāi Tai. In 1836, English Missionary William Thomas Fairburn brokered a land sale between Tāmaki Māori chiefs, Pōtatau Te Wherowhero and Turia of Ngāti Te Rau , covering the majority of modern-day South Auckland , East Auckland and the Pōhutukawa Coast . The sale was envisioned by the church and
3025-432: Was that 4,647 (52.4%) people were employed full-time, 1,239 (14.0%) were part-time, and 279 (3.1%) were unemployed. Howick Intermediate School is an intermediate school (years 7–8) with a roll of 600. Howick Primary School and Owairoa School are contributing primary schools (years 1–6) with rolls of 392 and 949 students, respectively All these schools are coeducational. Rolls are as of August 2024. Our Lady Star of
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