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32-461: The barrel vault arena was originally built in 1949, seating 10,034, to replace a building on the same site that had burned down a year earlier. Built by architects Rinfret and Bouchard with designs drawn up by Robert Blatter and F. Caron, the arena was a mix of International Style exterior and Art Deco interior. It was known as "The House that Béliveau Built", as it was often filled to capacity in its early years to watch Jean Béliveau star for

64-404: A finite element algorithm to calculate gravity induced stresses from the self weight of an arched system. In fact, for structural engineers, analysis of the barrel vault has become a benchmark test of a structural engineering computer model "because of the complex membrane and inextensional bending states of stress" involved. In terms of comparison to other vaulting techniques, the barrel vault

96-527: A huge barrel vault spans the 27 m (89 ft)-wide nave. With a barrel vault design the vectors of pressure result in a downward force on the crown while the lower portions of the arches realise a lateral force pushing outwards. As an outcome this form of design is subject to failure unless the sides are anchored or buttressed to very heavy building elements or substantial earthwork sidings. For example, at Muchalls Castle in Scotland , adjacent walls to

128-491: Is a primitive and sometimes unacceptable method. A more elegant method is to build two or more vaults parallel to each other; the forces of their outward thrusts will thus negate each other. This method was most often used in construction of churches, where several vaulted naves ran parallel down the length of the building. However, the outer walls of the outermost vault would still have to be quite strong or reinforced by buttressing . The third and most elegant mechanism to resist

160-463: Is inherently a weaker design compared to the more complex groin vault . The barrel vault structure must rest on long walls creating less stable lateral stress, whereas the groin vault design can direct stresses almost purely vertically on the apexes. There are numerous contemporary examples of barrel vault design in Victorian and modern architecture , including: Beyond the classical use of

192-595: The 1978 World Junior Championships with Montreal and also co-hosted, along with Halifax, the 2008 IIHF World Championships . Rendez-vous '87 , a two-game series between the NHL All-Stars and the Soviet national team, was another highlight in the building's history. Colisée Pepsi has also hosted many big concerts, as well as professional wrestling events presented by Canadian Athletic Promotions , All-Star Wrestling , Grand Prix Wrestling , Lutte Internationale and

224-543: The Morgantina site (in the province of Enna ) shows that the aboveground barrel vault was known and used in Hellenistic Sicily in 3rd century BC, indicating that the technique was also known to ancient Greeks . The vaulted roof of an early Harappan burial chamber has been noted from Rakhigarhi . S.R Rao reports vaulted roof of a small chamber in a house from Lothal . Barrel vaults were also used in

256-934: The Quebec Aces before he moved up to the NHL and the Montreal Canadiens . Two decades later, sellout crowds came to see Guy Lafleur as a member of the Quebec Remparts , before he too would join the Canadiens. The Colisée served as the host facility of the Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament from 1960 to 2015, after the tournament originated at the Quebec Arena in Parc Victoria . It

288-517: The WWF/WWE . Quebec City has entertained several proposals in recent years to return NHL ice hockey to the city; prior to the completion of Centre Vidéotron , most of these proposals envisioned using the Colisée as a temporary home while the new arena was built next to the existing facility. On October 10, 2009, Quebec City newspapers such as Le Soleil reported that negotiations were held between

320-440: The predynastic era. These were built with sun-dried brick in three rings over passages descending to tombs with a span of only two metres. In these early instances, the barrel vault was chiefly used for underground structures such as drains and sewers , though several buildings of the great Late Egyptian mortuary palace - temple of Ramesseum were also vaulted in this way. Recent archaeological evidence discovered at

352-556: The Colisée Pepsi even if a new arena was built. Aubut mentioned a prospective future Winter Olympics bid among other justifications for maintaining the existing arena. As part of the agreement constructing the new arena, an additional $ 7 million was set aside for renovating the Colisée, should the city have landed a potential National Hockey League expansion franchise before the new arena was completed in 2015. Videotron Centre opened on September 8, 2015. The Colisée's final event

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384-418: The Colisée. The seating capacity for hockey has gone as follows: Barrel vault A barrel vault , also known as a tunnel vault , wagon vault or wagonhead vault , is an architectural element formed by the extrusion of a single curve (or pair of curves, in the case of a pointed barrel vault) along a given distance. The curves are typically circular in shape, lending a semi-cylindrical appearance to

416-549: The Late Harappan Cemetery H culture dated 1900 BC-1300 BC which formed the roof of the metal working furnace, the discovery was made by Vats in 1940 during excavation at Harappa . Ancient Romans most probably inherited their knowledge of barrel vaulting from Etruscans and the Near East. Persians and Romans were the first to use this building method extensively on large-scale projects and were probably

448-648: The Remparts defeated the Edmonton Oil Kings two games to none. Since the championship switched to a tournament format, the Coliseum has hosted it in 1991 and 2003 & 2015. Internationally, the first game of the 1974 Summit Series between Canadian WHA all-stars and the Soviet national team was played at the Coliseum, as were one game in each of the 1976 and 1991 Canada Cups . The arena co-hosted

480-580: The Romanesque medieval builders had to resort to techniques of small windows, large buttresses, or other forms of interior wall cross-bracing to achieve the desired lighting outcomes. In many of the monasteries, a natural solution was cloisters which could have high barrel-vaulted construction with an open courtyard to allow ample lighting. Since 1996 structural engineers have applied Newtonian mechanics to calculate numeric stress loads for ancient stonework barrel vaults. These analyses have typically used

512-770: The Romans were the first to make significant architectural use of them. The technique probably evolved out of necessity to roof buildings with masonry elements such as bricks or stone blocks in areas where timber and wood were scarce. The earliest known example of a vault is a tunnel vault found under the Sumerian ziggurat at Nippur in Babylonia , ascribed to about 4000 BC, which was built from fired bricks amalgamated with clay mortar . The earliest tunnel vaults in Egypt are found at Requagnah and Denderah , from around 3500 BC in

544-451: The ancient and Classical predecessors, they demonstrate the pervasiveness of the barrel vault as an architectural concept in contemporary times. In the field of bone surgery the technique of a "barrel vault" shaped incision is not only a well-defined state-of-the-art surgical procedure, but the name barrel vault is given to this technique by orthopedic surgeons . The Wohlfahrt study cited documents results of this surgical procedure on

576-402: The barrel vault in macro-architectural design (e.g. as a major structural roofing element), there are a variety of derivative applications clearly based on the original concept and shape of the barrel vault. These applications arise in the fields of surgery , skylight design, children's toys and microstructure design (such as bus shelters). While none of these applications rival the majesty of

608-472: The barrel vault was an important element of stone construction in monasteries , castles , tower houses and other structures. This form of design is observed in cellars , crypts , long hallways , cloisters and even great halls . Barrel vaulting was known and utilized by early civilizations, including ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia . However, it apparently was not a very popular or common method of construction within these civilizations. The Persians and

640-425: The barrel vaulted chambers are up to 4.6 m (15 ft) thick, adding the buttressing strength needed to secure the curved design. The inherent difficulty of adequately lighting barrel vaulted structures has been widely acknowledged. The intrinsic engineering issue is the need to avoid fenestration punctures in stonework barrel vaults. Such openings could compromise the integrity of the entire arch system. Thus

672-737: The city and the NHL concerning the possibility and pertinence of relocating or creating an NHL franchise into the city. Skatemania 2014 is held on October 25, 2014. The show handling the arts and figure skating produced by Alain Goldberg featuring Sylvain Cossette , Andrée Watters , Marc Hervieux, Jeanick Fournier and also Éléonore Lagacé, Andréanne Martin and Liana Bureau from La Voix . Participating athletes among others: Joannie Rochette , Patrick Chan , Shawn Sawyer . Former Nordiques owner and Canadian Olympic Committee president Marcel Aubut originally said that there were no plans to demolish

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704-604: The coming of the Renaissance and the Baroque style, and revived interest in art and architecture of antiquity, barrel vaulting was re-introduced on a truly grandiose scale, and employed in the construction of many famous buildings and churches, such as Basilica di Sant'Andrea di Mantova by Leone Battista Alberti , San Giorgio Maggiore by Andrea Palladio , and perhaps most glorious of all, St. Peter's Basilica in Rome, where

736-465: The fall of the Roman empire , few buildings large enough to require much in the way of vaulting were built for several centuries. In the early Romanesque period, a return to stone barrel vaults was seen for the first great cathedrals; their interiors were fairly dark, due to thick, heavy walls needed to support the vault. One of the largest and most famous churches enclosed from above by a vast barrel vault

768-433: The first to use scaffolding to aid them in construction of vaults spanning over widths greater than anything seen before. However, Roman builders gradually began to prefer the use of groin vault ; though more complex to erect, this type of vault did not require heavy, thick walls for support (see below), and thus allowed for more spacious buildings with greater openings and much more light inside, such as thermae . After

800-919: The human tibia in 91 such operations. Sylvain Cossette Sylvain Cossette (born May 8, 1963) is a French-Canadian singer from Grand-Mère, Quebec (located in the Mauricie region). He was a founding member of the Quebec-based English-language band Paradox in 1984 before becoming a French-language solo artist by 1994. During his career he has sold over one million albums (12 Gold and Platinum), recorded thirty-two No. 1 hit songs and eight Number 1 albums, earned six Silver, Gold and Platinum Tickets, won 10 Quebec Felix Music Awards, six Socan awards and four Juno nominations, and performed in Canada and Europe in

832-616: The lateral thrust was to create an intersection of two barrel vaults at right angles, thus forming a groin vault . Barrel vaults are known from the Ancient Iran ( Elam ), Indian Indus Valley civilization and Ancient Egypt , and were used extensively in Roman architecture . They were also used to replace the Cloaca Maxima with a system of underground sewers. Other early barrel vault designs occur in northern Europe , Turkey , Morocco , and other regions. In medieval Europe,

864-484: The public on the weekend of October 19 and 20, 2019, while the remaining 11,000 plastic seats would be given to municipalities, schools and other institutions. The city planned to start demolition by summer 2020 and finish by December 18, 2020. It was announced in 2021 that demolition would not proceed, as the building had been leased to be used as storage space. The lease runs until September 2023. In 2024, Quebec City mayor Bruno Marchand stated that he supports demolishing

896-421: The total design. The barrel vault is the simplest form of a vault : effectively a series of arches placed side by side (i.e., one after another). It is a form of barrel roof . As with all arch -based constructions, there is an outward thrust generated against the walls underneath a barrel vault. There are several mechanisms for absorbing this thrust. One is to make the walls exceedingly thick and strong – this

928-596: Was 15,176. Coincidentally, the former Quebec Nordiques , now known as the Colorado Avalanche , currently play at what was formerly known as Pepsi Center (now Ball Arena ) in Denver . The Philadelphia Flyers played the final five "home" games of the 1967-68 season at the Colisée, after the roof blew off their home arena, the Spectrum . The arena hosted the 1971 Memorial Cup championship series, in which

960-461: Was a Metallica concert on September 14, 2015 for the Lords of Summer Tour ; two days later, the band would also play the first concert at Videotron Centre. The Colisée was then closed to the public, with minimal operations and maintenance since. In September 2019, the Colisée's neon sign was removed pending an expected demolition. ExpoCité announced plans to sell 4,000 of the arena's wooden seats to

992-621: Was promoted by Gérard Bolduc and Paul Dumont , who also had connections to the Quebec Remparts. Le Colisée underwent major renovations in 1980. The old entrance was taken down and replaced with a massive glass facade, and the seating capacity was increased to 15,750 to meet NHL standards of that era after the Nordiques made the jump from the WHA to the NHL. PepsiCo bought the naming rights on November 18, 1999, and its final capacity

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1024-415: Was the church of Cluny Abbey , built between the 11th and 12th centuries. In 13th and 14th centuries, with the advance of the new Gothic style, barrel vaulting became almost extinct in constructions of great Gothic cathedrals; groin vaults reinforced by stone ribs were mostly used in the beginning, and later on various types of spectacular, ornate and complex medieval vaults were developed. However, with

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