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19-621: Located in Admiralty Bay ( Portuguese : Baía do Almirantado ), King George Island ( Portuguese : Ilha do Rei George ), near the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula , 130 km north of the peninsula, the station began operating on 6 February 1984, brought to Antarctica in modules by the oceanographic ship Barão de Teffé and several other Brazilian naval ships. It now houses about 64 people, including researchers, technicians and staff, military and civilians. The station

38-577: A map of 1822 by Captain George Powell , a British sailor, and is now established in international usage. The Henryk Arctowski Polish Antarctic Station is situated on the bay, as is the Comandante Ferraz Brazilian Antarctic Base . It has been designated an Antarctic Specially Managed Area (ASMA 1). The bay has three fjords: Martel , Mackellar , and Ezcurra . A mariner's guide to the region pronounced

57-467: A third one sustained non-life-threatening injuries. Material damage to the base was calculated at US$ 12.4 million. At the time of the incident, the Brazilian government estimated it would take two years to rebuild the research station. In August 2012, the station was fully dismantled, with approximately 800 tonnes of debris being shipped back to Brazil. The Brazilian government released U$ 20 million for

76-606: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Criosfera 1 The Criosfera 1 is a Brazilian standalone research module for atmospheric data collection, prepared at the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) for the Brazilian Antarctic Program (PROANTAR). Inaugurated on 12 January 2012, the module is located on the plateau of the western Antarctica ice sheet, at 84°00' S–79°30' W, 420 kilometres (260 mi) from

95-413: Is the grave of a Brazilian radio operator sergeant who died of a heart attack in 1990. On 25 February 2012, an explosion in the machine room that housed the station's generators ignited a fire that, according to the Brazilian navy, destroyed approximately 70% of the complex. Two soldiers, originally reported as missing by the Brazilian navy, were found dead in the debris of the station after the fire, while

114-566: The Union Glacier , 670 kilometres (420 mi) from the geographical South Pole , and 2,500 kilometres (1,600 mi) south of the Comandante Ferraz Brazilian Antarctic Base . The expedition for the placement of the module was coordinated by Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) through Professor Jefferson Cardia Simões, director of the Centro Polar e Climático (CPC). The Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ),

133-418: The area; they, as well as Antarctic fur seals , regularly haul out there. In winter leopard and crabeater seals are often seen on nearby sea ice . The site is also protected as an Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA 128). 62°10′S 058°25′W  /  62.167°S 58.417°W  / -62.167; -58.417 This King George Island (South Shetland Islands) location article

152-467: The base to study microbiology , glaciers , and climate , among other areas. With all 12 months having an average temperature below 10 °C (50 °F), Comandante Ferraz Antarctic Station features a tundra climate ( Köppen ET ). The average temperature at the station is of about -1.8 °C; however, in the region of the Thiel Mountains , where the new station Criosfera 1 was built,

171-537: The bay to have the best anchorage of any in the South Shetlands, "being well-sheltered all around and having moderate depths over a bottom of good, stiff clay. Ice from the glaciers is frequently troublesome." Chilean scientists have claimed that Amerinds visited the area, due to stone artifacts recovered from bottom-sampling operations in the bay. however, the artefacts — two arrowheads — were later found to have been planted. A 2000-acre tract of land on

190-714: The construction of 1,000 square metres (11,000 sq ft) of emergency modules to temporarily house researchers until a permanent station had been built. The construction of the temporary station was completed in May 2013. On 15 April 2013, the Brazilian Navy announced it had chosen the winning design for the new Comandante Ferraz base. The winning proposal went to the Curitiba -based Estúdio 41 architecture firm. The new station will extend 3,200 square metres (34,000 sq ft) and will accommodate 64 people. The cost of

209-588: The opening ceremony was held in the presence of the Vice President of Brazil Hamilton Mourão among other guests. “Brazil is back in the Antarctic with great force,” said the Science and Technology Minister Marcos Pontes , Brazil's only astronaut. Pontes said the new 4,500-square-metre (48,375-sq-foot) facility was bigger and safer, with 17 laboratories, a heliport, and other advances. Scientists will use

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228-536: The project was approximately US$ 100 million. Approximately 200 Chinese workers from CEIEC were at the construction site. The new and modern station opened in January 2020. In January 2020, the new station was successfully completed. The opening ceremony, originally scheduled to take place on 14 January, was postponed until the following day due to inadequate weather conditions hampering the transport of dignitaries from Punta Arenas , Chile, to Antarctica. On 15 January,

247-577: The scientific tasks developed by the staff are ice drilling, assembly and activation of the module, and the surveying of ice morphology and dynamics at the glacier. The first Brazilian fully automatic data-collecting scientific module placed inside the Antarctic continent is intended for data collection concerning the analysis on reflexes of the pollutants generated in South America and in Antarctica. Data will be sent via satellite directly to

266-513: The station are located several smaller structures which administratively and logistically depend on the main base: Admiralty Bay (South Shetland Islands) Admiralty Bay is an irregular bay, 8 km (5 mi) wide at its entrance between Demay Point and Martins Head , indenting the southern coast of King George Island for 16 km (10 mi), in the South Shetland Islands of Antarctica . The name appears on

285-566: The temperature may drop to -35 °C. The main objective of the Brazilian Antarctic program lies on climate change research, such as global warming , the greenhouse effect , ozone depletion and the rising level of the oceans. The personnel working at the station collect samples of pollutants which often come from overseas. They also carry out research in meteorology , continental and marine geology , oceanography , astrophysics , geomagnetism , and nuclear geophysics . Near

304-411: The weathered wooden structures of the old base made a sharp contrast with the bright green and orange metal structures of the Brazilian station, which was first set up on 6 February 1984. Above the site of the base there is a small cemetery with five crosses: three of them are the graves of British Antarctic Survey (BAS) personnel; the fourth commemorates a BAS base leader lost at sea, and the fifth cross

323-487: The western side of the bay has been identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports breeding colonies of several seabirds , including Adélie penguins (15,000 pairs), gentoo penguins (2300 pairs) and chinstrap penguins (2500 pairs). Other birds recorded nesting at the site are southern giant petrels Cape petrels , snowy sheathbills , kelp gulls , Antarctic terns and skuas . Southern elephant and Weddell seals breed in

342-479: Was named after Navy Commander Luís Antônio de Carvalho Ferraz, a hydrographer and oceanographer who visited Antarctica twice on British vessels. He was instrumental in persuading his country's government to develop an Antarctic program, and died suddenly in 1982 while representing Brazil at an oceanographic conference in Halifax, Nova Scotia . The station was built on the site of the old British "Base G", and

361-404: Was then represented by Professor Dr. Heitor Evangelista, responsible for the coordination of the project. Measuring 6.3 metres (21 ft) long, 2.6 metres (8.5 ft) wide, 2.5 metres (8.2 ft) high, and comprising a weight of 3,500 kilograms (7,700 lb), it was planned at 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) above the ground to avoid snow accumulation, allowing so the passage of the winds. Among

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