61-527: Garry Conille ( French pronunciation: [ɡaʁi kɔnij] ; born 26 February 1966) is a Haitian academic, development worker, author, and he was the acting prime minister of Haiti until 10 November 2024. He previously served as the Prime Minister from 2011 to 2012, submitting his resignation on 24 February 2012, and being officially succeeded by Laurent Lamothe on 16 May 2012. On 28 May 2024, Haiti's transition council tapped Conille to return to
122-465: A British company – Bi-water) which led to a worse service and higher prices. In practice, only 19 developing countries signed up to the HIPC initiative. Even then, only the debt to the public international financial institutions was cancelled (so [Indonesia’s arms debts][www.jubileescotland.org.uk], for example, were not covered). Even then the debts will only apply to a cut off date of 2003. This came despite
183-411: A large number of Officers had been deployed to Central London as reserves in case of protest. The Metropolitan Police SOR, Special Operations Room, had been stood up and so there was a full Command Team in place with units immediately able to be deployed. While attending the summit, on 6 July 2005, George W. Bush collided with a British police officer, suffering minor lacerations on his hands and arms;
244-490: A loss of confidence in him from his ministers. He had clashed with ministers and Martelly over several issues, the most recent being a parliamentary investigation into whether senior government officials held dual nationality , a violation of the Constitution of Haiti. Martelly refused to comply with the investigation, stating the executive branch did not have to comply with the investigation. Some ministers cooperated with
305-411: A mountain bike, sometimes you fall, otherwise you're not riding hard." The Gleneagles G8 summit cost the host nation £12.7 million. Of this, £4.1m was spent on the conference facilities, catering and accommodation; £3.9m was spent on facilities and catering for the media; and £1.5m for transport related to the summit. Policing and security of the summit cost an extra £72m, of which £52m was provided by
366-799: A program officer under the same agency in April 2001, where he remained until October 2002. In May 2004, he became an international official inside the United Nations system. Until January 2006, he was a country technical advisor for the UNFPA, as well as a sub-regional technical advisor under the Africa/Ethiopia Division. In this capacity, he was responsible for providing technical assistance and for ensuring capacity building in key areas of population and health reproduction. From January to December 2006, he worked as technical advisor for
427-638: A small proportion of the Third World debt will be affected by the proposal. In mid-July, objections by Belgium raised the possibility of the debt relief bill not being approved by the International Monetary Fund, a development that was harshly criticized by many activists. Agreement was not reached on Brown's proposed International Finance Facility , partly because the United States said that its budget procedures meant it
488-647: A total of 1,550 days in office. Jacques-Édouard Alexis served the second-longest time in office. He held the position for 1,526 days during his two terms, and was the longest-serving prime minister appointed to the position by an elected president. 2005 G8 Summit#Aid to Africa and debt cancellation The 31st G8 summit was held on 6–8 July 2005 at the Gleneagles Hotel in Auchterarder , Scotland and hosted by Prime Minister Tony Blair . The locations of previous G8 summits to have been hosted by
549-656: Is an international event which is observed and reported by news media, but the G8's continuing relevance after more than 30 years is somewhat unclear. More than one analyst suggests that a G8 summit is not the place to flesh out the details of any difficult or controversial policy issue in the context of a three-day event. Rather, the meeting offers an opportunity to bring a range of complex and sometimes inter-related issues. The G8 summit brings leaders together "not so they can dream up quick fixes, but to talk and think about them together." While many activists expressed disappointment that
610-464: Is contributing to the problem". However, he said the Kyoto treaty was not the answer. Environment campaigners called the result of the summit "a very disappointing finale". "The G8 have delivered nothing new here and the text conveys no sense of the scale or urgency of the challenge. The action plan, without any targets or timetables, will deliver very little to reduce emissions, or to roll out renewables to
671-536: Is still far to go to reach the needed 100 per cent. Although the 2005 G8 communique promised that developing countries should be able to decide their own economic policies, there has been little evidence of this in practice. For example, the EU went on to attempt to push so called 'Economic Partnership Agreements' on developing countries, which Trade Justice campaigners argue will not be good for developing countries, and are being forced upon them against their will. Because of
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#1732787202800732-485: Is the son of Marie Antoinette Darbouze and Dr. Serge Conille, former Minister of Sports and Youth in the Duvalier government . He is married to Betty Rousseau, the step daughter of Marc Bazin , a former prime minister of Haiti and has twin girls, Soraya and Gaelle. Betty and her twin sister Kathy are Bazin's daughters from his wife Marie Yolène's (née Sam) first marriage. After graduating from Collège Canado-Haïtien and
793-753: The International Monetary Fund . In the wake of Haiti's 2010 earthquake , he was requested by the Administrator of UNDP and the UN Secretary-General to assume the duties of head office of the Special Envoy of the UN Secretary-General to Haiti. Conille worked with the Haitian government, the United Nations' Haiti office and major donors to develop and implement a strategic plan for the reconstruction of Haiti. He
854-614: The United States , and Canada starting in 1976. The G8 , meeting for the first time in 1997, was formed with the addition of Russia . In addition, the President of the European Commission has been formally included in summits since 1981. The summits were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions; and in fact, a mild rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings
915-883: The World Bank , the International Monetary Fund , and the African Development Fund . The annual saving in debt payments amounts to just over US$ 1 billion. War on Want estimates that US$ 45.7 billion would be required for 62 countries to meet the Millennium Development Goals . The ministers stated that twenty more countries, with an additional US$ 15 billion in debt, would be eligible for debt relief if they met targets on fighting corruption and continue to fulfill structural adjustment conditionalities that eliminate impediments to private investment . The agreement, which required weeks of intense negotiations led by Brown, must be approved by
976-461: The parliament to dismiss a prime minister, and at the time of Conille's dismissal, there was no parliament to speak of. Prime Minister of Haiti The prime minister of Haiti ( French : Premier ministre d'Haïti , Haitian Creole : Premye Minis Ayiti ) is the head of government of Haiti . The office was created under the Constitution of 1987 ; previously, all executive power
1037-626: The Bahamas, Bermuda, Turks and Caicos, and the Cayman Islands. By the end of August 2011, unofficial comments of Haitian politicians indicated that Garry Conille might be the next nomination for the post of Prime Minister. On 5 September, he received the official designation for this office from the President Michel Martelly . This would be the third nomination after Jean-Max Bellerive 's resignation on 15 May 2011, and
1098-891: The Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of University of Haiti , Garry Conille obtained an MA in Political and Health Administration, as a fellow of the Fulbright Scholar Program at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill . Afterwards, he received a certificate of specialty in gynecology and obstetrics at the Isaïe Jeanty Maternity Hospital and a Ph.D. in Medicine at the University of Haiti. Between July 1994 and June 1998, at
1159-696: The Haitian Association for the National Development, he developed and implemented a primary care system that provided basic health care in poor areas of Haiti. In August 1999, as an evaluation consultant, Garry Conille was responsible for the impact assessment of the Albert Schweitzer Hospital, an NGO in the field of community development, providing community care to over 260,000 people in Artibonite . Between
1220-596: The Kyoto Protocol and have committed to reducing their carbon dioxide emissions by 2010. Hopes had been raised that the unprecedented joint declaration by the G8 countries' academies of sciences on the need for urgent action on global warming would help moderate the US negotiating position. On July 6, US President George W. Bush recognised "that the surface of the Earth is warmer and that an increase in greenhouse gases
1281-672: The MDG Unit at the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). There, he developed a framework for MDG acceleration used by more than 30 countries, organized jointly with UNDESA the process of preparing the Secretary-General's report on the MDGs, which was presented at the 2010 G8 Summit , and led the preparation of Gleneagles scenarios in more than a dozen African countries, in collaboration with
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#17327872028001342-700: The UK include: London (1977, 1984, 1991); and Birmingham (1998). It is the first G8 summit to be held in Scotland . A sixth UK summit was held in Lough Erne in 2013; and a seventh UK summit was held in Carbis Bay in 2021. The Group of Seven (G7) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: France , Germany , Italy , Japan , the United Kingdom ,
1403-526: The US had previously made such statements, this was the first time it had agreed to a multilateral announcement on the issue. Breaking with historical practice, the British government had allowed non-governmental organizations to play a key role in deliberations, perhaps prompted by the public pressure of the Make Poverty History movement and Live 8. The summit continued the trend of including
1464-577: The United Nations' Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) project, under the supervision of Jeffrey Sachs , then-Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General. In January 2007, Conille returned to UNFPA as Chief Technical Advisor for Africa, following which he acted as coordinator for the Global Program to Enhance Reproductive Health Commodity Security. From September 2008 until his special assignment in Haiti, Garry Conille worked as team leader of
1525-590: The United Nations, paying taxes to the United Nations for Haiti. The review and ratification process of his nomination began on 8 September 2011, following which the Chamber of Deputies approved his appointment on 16 September in a unanimous vote. On 5 October, the Senate confirmed Garry Conille's appointment as the 16th Prime Minister of Haiti, making him the youngest Prime Minister under the previous Constitution of 1987 . Conille resigned on 24 February 2012, following
1586-582: The agenda were counterterrorism , non-proliferation , and reform in the Middle East . The summit was overshadowed, however, by bomb attacks in London on the second day of the conference. The traditional meeting of G8 finance ministers before the summit took place in London on 10 and 11 June 2005, hosted by Chancellor Gordon Brown . On 11 June, agreement was reached to write off the entire US$ 40 billion debt owed by 18 Highly Indebted Poor Countries to
1647-424: The agreements reached at the summit fell far short of their expectations, others noted that the 2005 summit was perhaps the most productive in the 30-year history of the G8. Some agreements were: No agreement was reached to address global warming, largely due to US opposition. The US did agree to a joint communique stating that global warming exists and that human intervention may at least partially be at fault. While
1708-497: The arrests. Most people were released with strict bail conditions, having to leave the districts of Edinburgh, Glasgow, Perth , and/or Stirling or even Scotland altogether. Several people were rearrested for breaching their bail conditions. Section 60 of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994 , which allows searches for weapons in designated areas, was continuously used to stop and search people. The G8 summit
1769-525: The bombings may have been planned that day because the terrorists knew that a large number of London police officers would be deployed in Scotland, weakening the city. Thousands of officers were deployed to Scotland from the Metropolitan Police , British Transport Police , and City of London Police , as well as many from other forces. In the event, London was actually better prepared, because
1830-466: The bombings, Blair decided to leave the G8 meeting temporarily to be present in London. He held a brief press conference, saying that the incidents were obviously terrorist attacks directed at the gathering of the G8. He also said that the meeting would continue in his absence, with Foreign Secretary Jack Straw filling in for him. Blair returned to Gleneagles by the evening of the 7th by Chinook helicopter, with heavy military escort. Reports suggest that
1891-424: The current "core members" of the international forum: Traditionally, the host country of the G8 summit sets the agenda for negotiations, which take place primarily amongst multi-national civil servants in the weeks before the summit itself, leading to a joint declaration which all countries can agree to sign. As host, the UK stated its intent to focus this G8 meeting on the issues of global climate change and
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1952-549: The debt deal which the Gleneagles summit delivered; if the deal on aid is honoured it will produce an amount the equivalent of five Live Aid concerts every week. The London concert featured acts ranging from Sting and The Who to Annie Lennox , and most notably the reformation of Pink Floyd . Thousands also mobilized through the G8 Alternatives and Dissent! networks to protest the G8 and discuss alternatives to
2013-538: The developing world in talks. The leaders of seven African nations attended, as well as the five leading developing countries: China, India, Brazil, Mexico, and, South Africa. The Infrastructure Consortium for Africa (ICA) was established at the Gleneagles summit in 2005. In subsequent years, the ICA’s annual meeting is traditionally hosted by the country holding the Presidency of the G8. Closer investigation of many of
2074-489: The economic and political models they represent. These mobilizations have taken a more critical line towards both economic globalization (which they reject entirely) and the G8 itself, which they generally regard as illegitimate and undemocratic. The National Library of Scotland holds a collection of leaflets, posters and pamphlets collected during the G8 Summit. Protest took a variety of forms: On 19 June details of
2135-684: The face of difficult economic decisions. The United Kingdom aimed to confront the fundamental problem of conflicting domestic pressures among the G8 nations. As with all recent G8 summits, the meeting was the focus of many advocacy campaigns, including the Make Poverty History campaign in the United Kingdom, and the anti-globalization (a term not usually used by its supporters) movement. More than 200,000 people marched in support of Make Poverty History in Edinburgh on 2 July,
2196-493: The fact that the Commission for Africa report noted that in many cases the debt has in practice been paid back many times over, and that the debt was often accrued by illegitimate governments propped up by rich countries. The partial debt cancellation has done some good – Zambia for example is now able to provide universal free healthcare and Tanzania has increased its education spending. However debt campaigners argue that there
2257-623: The government stating to media that his condition was caused by an asthma attack. He was released after a night of treatment. Conille's cabinet was sworn in on 12 June, with him being appointed as the Minister of Interior and Territorial Communities . Conille's government appointed Rameau Normil, the former acting director-general of the Haitian National Police who served under former president Jovenel Moïse for 15 months before his dismissal, back to his post in order to handle
2318-509: The installation of solar water heaters, ceiling insulation and low-energy light-bulbs in hundreds of low-income homes in Khayelitsha township. Defra, UK – Environmental Protection – Climate Change – Cost of carbon – Carbon offsetting The summit was intended as a venue for resolving differences among its members. As a practical matter, the summit was also conceived as an opportunity for its members to give each other mutual encouragement in
2379-556: The investigation, but others refused. When Conille called a meeting with ministers to discuss the matter, none of them appeared. The incident served to demonstrate their lack of confidence in him, triggering his resignation. Conille remained prime minister until his successor was appointed, as per Article 165 of the constitution. He was succeeded by Laurent Lamothe , who was voted through by both parliamentary legislative chambers before being formally appointed in May 2012. On 28 May 2024, Conille
2440-774: The lack of economic development in Africa . The British government set the priorities of supporting Africa 's economic development (by agreeing to write off debts of the poorest countries, and to significantly increase aid ) and of moving forward initiatives to research and combat global warming . Blair had planned to move beyond the Kyoto Protocol by looking at how to include key developing countries ( India , China , Mexico , Brazil , and South Africa ) not included in it – principally by agreeing technology transfer of clean energy technologies in exchange for commitments on reduction of greenhouse gases . Other announced items on
2501-661: The largest demonstration in Scottish history. In addition to the Make Poverty History coalition's efforts, singer/activist Bob Geldof organised concerts in each of the G8 member states on 2 July, as well as a concert in Edinburgh on 6 July. Unlike Live Aid 20 years prior, whose primary aim was to raise money, Live 8 aimed to increase awareness among the citizens of the G8 countries, and thus force their leaders into increasing their focus on world poverty – though in fact Live 8 raised 400 times more than Live Aid simply in terms of
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2562-514: The lending institutions to take effect. While negotiations have essentially taken place between the G8 member states, some of which are reluctant to endorse debt cancellation and aid increases, African governments, advocacy organizations and their allies have criticised the Blair-Brown plan as inadequate and argued that the continuation of structural adjustment policies outweighs the benefits of debt cancellation, while also pointing out that only
2623-493: The officer was taken to a local hospital. It was initially reported that the officer suffered only minor injuries and was taken to the hospital only as a precaution. However, the officer ended up needing crutches and missing three months of duty. On 26 February 2006, The Scotsman published a previously unreleased police report which contradicted the administration's story: Bush, who has experienced other bicycle- and Segway-related accidents, commented, "When you ride hard on
2684-417: The participants, the issues and the venue as focal points for activist pressure. The G8 is an unofficial annual forum for the leaders of Canada, the European Commission, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The 31st G8 summit was the last summit for Canadian Prime Minister Paul Martin and German Chancellor Gerhard Schröder . These summit participants are
2745-404: The poorest countries), and even then only after completing the ‘Highly Indebted Poor Country’ (HIPC) initiative – that means changing their economic policies at the behest of the International Monetary Fund and World Bank – meaning more of the same economic conditionalities which were highlighted as problems by the Make Poverty History campaign. For example, Tanzania was forced to privatise water (to
2806-558: The president, and goes before the National Assembly to obtain a vote of confidence for their declaration of general policy. The prime minister enforces the laws and, along with the president, is responsible for national defense. In addition, the prime minister oversees the National Commission on Government Procurement (CNMP), a decentralized body. Gérard Latortue served the longest time as prime minister for
2867-442: The promises made at Gleneagles reveals that some of the aid funds were rehashed versions of aid already pledged and the aid was often used to privatise public services to businesses based in the donor country. However even three years on many G8 countries were backsliding on their aid quantity commitments. The debt deal was not ‘full’ cancellation of debts at all but only cancellation of the debts for 40 potential countries (classed as
2928-496: The role as the Caribbean nation works to restore stability and take back control from violent gangs. On 10 November 2024, the transitional council replaced Conille with businessman and former political candidate Alix Didier Fils-Aimé . However, Conille remains in the Haitian government as Minister of Interior and Territorial Communities. Garry Conille is the second of a family of four brothers (Serge, Pierre and Jean Conille). He
2989-725: The scale required", said a spokesperson for Friends of the Earth . [1] Archived 2005-07-30 at the Wayback Machine The US also pulled out of financial pledges to fund a network of regional climate centers throughout Africa which were designed to monitor the unfolding impact of global warming. Other schemes opposed by the US include the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) set up to help developing states develop economically while controlling greenhouse gas emissions. New US move to spoil climate accord To address claims that flying so many people around
3050-418: The security for the summit were leaked to the British newspaper The Independent on Sunday , because of concerns by an intelligence source that ministers were being "complacent". The security operation, involving more than 10,000 police, many of whom were armed, possibly a number of US Marines , a Special Air Service (SAS) team and snipers , as well as the unprecedented intelligence gathering beforehand by
3111-513: The security service and American intelligence agencies is estimated to have cost around GB£ 100 million. Police officers from all over Great Britain were called in to reinforce the local forces to maintain order in Edinburgh and other cities; even small protests were cordoned off by large numbers of police officers. The protest legal support team estimates that at least 700 people were arrested and 350 charged. Targeted actions of London's forward intelligence teams (FITs) resulted in several of
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#17327872028003172-449: The subsequent rejections by the Senate of the nominees Daniel Rouzier and Bernard Gousse. Conille's nomination faced questions as to whether he fulfilled the requirement regarding his recent residency, prescribed in the Constitution of Haiti , of having resided in the country for five consecutive years prior to ratification. The president countered by arguing that Conille was exempt from the residency requirement as he had been working for
3233-567: The world to talk about global warming actually contributes substantially to it, the entire G8 Presidency was designed to be carbon neutral , with calculated resulting carbon emissions being offset by purchasing Certified Emissions Reductions (CERs) from a Clean Development Mechanism project. The Kuyasa low-income housing energy upgrade project located in Cape Town, South Africa, was chosen. The first CDM project to be registered in Africa, it involves
3294-663: The worsening security situation, replacing Frantz Elbé on 21 June. The first contingent of the Multinational Security Support Mission in Haiti was deployed to Haiti on 25 June under Conille's premiership. His first official trip after assuming the premiership was to the United States, in order to ask for additional assistance for Haiti. On 29 July, the General Hospital in Port-au-Prince was attacked by gang members while Conille
3355-653: The years 2000 to 2002, he created and hosted, on Radio Vision 2000 , the first national interactive program focused on issues related to reproductive and sexual health. From October 2002 to May 2004, he worked as a technical advisor for Population Services International (PSI). Garry Conille began his career with the United Nations (UN) in October 1999 as a project officer with the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), before becoming
3416-454: Was a part of the genesis of cooperation between France's president Valéry Giscard d'Estaing and West Germany's chancellor Helmut Schmidt as they conceived the initial summit of the Group of Six (G6) in 1975. The G8 summits during the 21st-century have inspired widespread debates, protests and demonstrations; and the two- or three-day event becomes more than the sum of its parts, elevating
3477-650: Was also involved in coordinating the humanitarian response and in the establishment of the Interim Haiti Recovery Commission, the central pillar of the reconstruction effort. Conille has also served as United Nations Resident Coordinator for three countries, namely Niger (2011–2011), Burundi (2017–2020), and Jamaica (2020–2022), in that order. In the latter, he helmed the Multi-Country Office in Jamaica, which also covers
3538-461: Was elected as the interim prime minister by six out of seven members of the Transitional Presidential Council of Haiti with voting rights, following a nomination procedure that received domestic criticism for its slow progress since the resignation of Ariel Henry on 24 April 2024 amidst the ongoing turmoil in Haiti . He was sworn in on 3 June 2024. Shortly afterwards, Conille was hospitalised on 8 June for undisclosed reasons, with sources from within
3599-522: Was giving an interview there to CNN . He however managed to escape unharmed. Following the massacre carried out in October 2024 by a gang in Pont-Sondé , Conille travelled to the United Arab Emirates and Kenya in order to seek security assistance. On 10 November 2024, the transitional council published an executive order in Le Moniteur replacing Conille with businessman and former political candidate Alix Didier Fils-Aimé . Conille called his dismissal "illegal". The Constitution of Haiti only permits
3660-410: Was held by the president or head of state, who appointed and chaired the Council of Ministers. The office is currently held by Alix Didier Fils-Aimé who has been serving as acting prime minister since 10 November 2024. The prime minister is appointed by the president and ratified by the National Assembly . The prime minister appoints the ministers and secretaries of state by consulting with
3721-432: Was unable to make the necessary long-term funding commitments. The event attracted much media attention. Development of a joint declaration on efforts to tackle global warming has been much less successful, principally because of the long-standing US opposition to emission targets as a solution to global warming. The other seven G8 nations – France, Russia, Germany, Japan, Italy, Canada, and the United Kingdom – have ratified
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