Società per azioni ( S.p.A. or spa ) is a form of corporation in Italy , meaning 'company with shares' (although often translated as ' joint-stock company ', which may or may not be a limited liability entity). It is more or less equivalent to S.A. or public limited company (PLC) in other countries.
39-650: Costa Crociere S.p.A. ( Italian pronunciation: [ˈkɔsta kroˈtʃɛːre] ), operating as Costa Cruises , is an Italian cruise line founded in 1948 and organized as a wholly owned subsidiary of Carnival Corporation & plc since 2000. Based in Genoa, Italy , the cruise line primarily caters to the Italian cruise market, but the company's 10 ships, which all sail under the Italian flag, provide itineraries sailing to countries globally. Founded in Genoa in 1854 by Giacomo Costa (1836-1916) as Giacomo Costa fu Andrea,
78-438: A board of directors on behalf of the shareholders. On account of these characteristics, an S.p.A. can raise large amounts of capital by incentivizing many investors to buy its shares, making the S.p.A. suitable for large undertakings. Accordingly, the S.p.A. is the legal form in which large companies typically operate all over the world. The elements that characterize this type of company and are essential to be able to apply
117-606: A Legislative Decree 385/1993). This article relating to the law of Italy is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Costa Atlantica Margaritaville at Sea Islander is a Spirit -class cruise ship previously owned by Carnival Corporation & plc . She was built in 2000 by the Kvaerner Masa-Yards Helsinki New Shipyard in Helsinki , Finland as Costa Atlantica for Costa Cruises. Costa Atlantica
156-587: A defined threshold. This saw the blue chips of the FTSE MIB Index: Banco BPM , BPER Banca , UBI Banca , demutualized from S.c.p.a., S.c. a.r.l., or S.c. legal forms (respectively, co-operative company by shares, co-operative company with limited liability, and co-operative company). As a legal form , the S.p.A. has five characteristics that are always present and universally recognized: legal personality, limited liability , transferable shares, ownership by shareholders , and management by
195-551: A fever beginning on 14 April. About 20 other crew members had started developing fevers in the week before the first case was reported. Costa Atlantica had 623 crew members of 36 different nationalities, including a Japanese translator and no passengers at the time the first positive case was first reported. There were a total of 56 crew members that have had heavy contact with the positive case. They have all been quarantined, and PCR tests have been planned for all of them. The prefecture has considered requesting assistance from
234-434: A new-building program commenced for the line, utilizing Carnival Cruise Lines Spirit-class and Destiny-class design platforms for the new ships. They line would also utilize Carnival's designer Joe Farcus, who undertook the interior design, moving away from the contemporary Italian style of the previous ships to more themed public spaces similar to Carnival Cruise Line. The first ship delivered under Carnival Corp management,
273-458: A positive case was reported aboard Costa Atlantica when it was docked at Koyagi Factory of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Nagasaki Shipyard [ ja ] in Nagasaki , where it was under repairs from 20 February to 25 March. A doctor had collected samples from four suspected cases and conducted PCR tests , with three negative results and one positive. The positive case had suffered
312-471: A sister, the Costa Olympia , which was never completed for the line after the shipyards bankruptcy, and instead the uncompleted hull was sold to Norwegian Cruise Line. In March 1997, Carnival and Airtours PLC purchased Costa Cruises for $ 300 million, on a 50:50 basis. At the time, Costa Cruises was the leading European cruise line, with an estimated market share of 19%. After Carnival's take over,
351-406: Is Savannah Buffett , daughter of Margaritaville founder Jimmy Buffett . In 2010 Francesco Schettino , later the captain of the ill-fated Costa Concordia , was the captain of Costa Atlantica as it entered the port of Warnemünde , Germany, at too high a speed, allegedly causing damage to AIDAblu , also a Carnival Corporation ship. During the coronavirus pandemic , on 20 April 2020,
390-526: Is 85,619 tons with a capacity for 2,114 passengers with a length of 292.5 m (959 ft 8 in) and a 38.8 m (127 ft 4 in) maximum breadth. Each passenger deck on Costa Atlantica was named after a movie by the Italian director Federico Fellini . She was decorated with Carrara marble , Murano glass accents, and in-laid mosaic tiling, as with Costa Luminosa . She also replicated Venice 's Caffè Florian . The ship entered service with Costa in 2000, with Caribbean itineraries during
429-458: The Caribbean regions. The second purpose built ship, Eugenio C , debuted in 1966, designed by famous naval architect Nicolò Costanzi. Linea C went on to own 12 more ships by 1980, making the company the owner of the world's largest fleet of passenger ships. In 1986, Linea C changed its name to Costa Cruises and became a cruise-centered business. The line had decided to modernize its fleet by
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#1732787292615468-516: The Port of Genoa over a period of five days, where it was dismantled and eventually scrapped. The total cost of the disaster was estimated to be over $ 2 billion. On 11 February 2015, the captain at the helm during the sinking, Francesco Schettino, was found guilty by an Italian court on multiple counts of manslaughter, causing the shipwreck, and abandoning his passengers. He was sentenced to 16 years in prison. An Italian appeals court on 31 May 2016 upheld
507-809: The Self-Defense Forces to help manage the situation. On 22 April 2020, officials of the prefecture announced that, of the 56 additional tests conducted, an additional 33 crew members had tested positive, bringing the total number of positive cases to 34. The other 23 tests returned negative. On 23 April, it was announced that 48 tests in total have returned positive, with 14 of the positive cases being cooks or people serving food. On 24 April, officials stated that 91 people had tested positive, with one patient being hospitalized. Officials also noted that even though Costa Atlantica had been quarantined upon its arrival in Japan, with its crew ordered not to leave
546-597: The 16-year prison sentence. On 27 February 2012, Costa Allegra suffered an engine room fire and went adrift in the Indian Ocean. After several days adrift without power, the ship was towed to the Seychelles island of Desroches , but was unable to dock there. She was then towed to Mahé, Seychelles , where the passengers disembarked. No casualties were reported. On 9 March 2012, it was announced that Costa Allegra would not return to service with Costa, and she
585-680: The Atlantic. In 1946–1947 they bought three American-owned cargo ships, refitting them with accommodation for 25 first class passengers, and in 1947 commenced a scheduled liner service between Genoa, Montevideo and Buenos Aires . At the same time, the name of the company was changed to Linea C. In March 1948, full passenger services were introduced on the South American route, operated by the ship Anna C , with her previous capacity increased from 100 to 500 passengers. The ship departed from Genoa and reached Buenos Aires 16 days after departure,
624-615: The Belgian bulk carrier, Lowlands Longevity in the mouth of the Yangtze river. The collision caused a gash over 60 feet long in the side of the ship. On 13 January 2012, Costa Concordia ran aground off Isola del Giglio in Tuscany . The ship capsized and partially sank, killing 32 people. In 2014, the ship was parbuckled and refloated with caissons , and in July 2014, she was towed to
663-602: The Covid pandemic of 2020, Costa sold off ships in its fleet including the Costa Victoria and Costa neoRomantica to help cut costs. It also led to the continued long term layup of the Costa Magica and Costa Serena . In 2022, parent company Carnival Corp. announced they would be transferring ships out of the fleet to help balance overall fleet capacities due to the pandemic and the selling off of numerous ships. It
702-761: The S.p.A. was governed by the Commercial Code of 1865, and subsequently by that of 1883, under the name " società anonima " ('anonymous company'). The regulations contained within the civil code remained unaltered until the 2003 Company Law Reform. The regulations in effect are set out in the Italian Civil Code of 1942, which also adopted the name currently in use. Within the civil code, the articles specifically addressing S.p.A. are found in Articles 2325-2510 of Book V, Title V. Since 2016, banks are required to run as S.p.A. if their assets are more than
741-561: The Spanish tour operator Orizonia Group created a joint venture in 2007, Ibero Cruises , which was absorbed into Costa Cruises in 2014. The company attracted international attention when Costa Concordia ran aground and capsized off the coast of Italy on 13 January 2012 . Thirty-two people died in the disaster. Six weeks later, the company made headlines again when a fire on Costa Allegra left it drifting without power for 13 hours in waters near Somalia frequented by pirates , before
780-506: The company originally traded in olive oils and textiles, later establishing its own refinery and the brand "Dante". In 1924, the company was passed to the founder's sons (Federico, Eugenio and Enrico) and started shipping activities, buying its first cargo vessel , Ravenna . Seven more cargo ships were purchased before World War II , during which all but one were lost. After the war, the company decided to rebuild its shipping business, but concentrating on passenger traffic, particularly across
819-534: The continent still in lockdown". Costa's Web site at that time was indicating no sailings in January but was hoping to start on 28 February with Costa Firenze , on 2 April with Costa Deliziosa , on 3 April with Costa Magica , and so on. Only Italian ports would be used initially, and the gradual restart would accept only guests from Italy. Societ%C3%A0 per Azioni The other common form of corporation in Italy
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#1732787292615858-543: The first ocean liner to cross the South Atlantic Ocean following World War II. In 1958, Costa commissioned their first purpose-built ship, Federico C , which provided a liner service between Genoa , Italy and Buenos Aires , Argentina via Rio de Janeiro , Brazil. In 1959, the company gradually transitioned into offering more pleasure holidays, with trips being offered in the Mediterranean and
897-496: The intention to sell Costa Atlantica in late 2019 to CSSC Carnival Cruise Shipping was announced, a new joint venture to provide Chinese cruise travelers with their own cruise line. The transfer to the new company was on 12 January 2020 but the ship never entered service and was resold in 2023. Her sister ship Costa Mediterranea did, however, enter service as Mediterranea for the new company, by then named Adora Cruises . The sale of Costa Atlantica to Margaritaville at Sea
936-409: The late 1980s, and ordered two new ships in 1987, which became Costa Classica and Costa Romantica entering service in 1991 and 1993 respectively. The line also converted and completely rebuilt two former container ships into Costa Marina and Costa Allegra around the same time as ordering the two new ships. Costa wanted to create a new upscale European brand for their new ships and launched
975-490: The legislation relating to this institution are: If one of these elements is missing, the case is not considered integrated, and therefore the regulations of the SpA are not applicable. Due to these characteristics (high capital and public sale of shares), the S.p.A. is the only joint-stock company allowed to exercise insurance activity (art. 14 letter a Legislative Decree 209/2005) and the exercise of banking activity (art. 14 letter
1014-650: The northern winter, European cruises in the summer, and in the East Coast United States and Canada area during spring and fall. Costa Atlantica sailed on 46-day voyage from Tianjin International Cruise Terminal on 30 November 2016, with more than 2,000 passengers across the two continents, and visiting 12 islands in nine countries, the first cruise from China to the South Pacific Islands. In November 2018
1053-536: The parent company's other cruise operations. On 22 October 1961, Bianca C. was off Grenada when an explosion occurred in the engine room. Two crew members died in the explosion and the ship subsequently caught on fire. Local fishermen helped rescue the passengers and crew, but as the local authorities did not have the equipment to extinguish the fire, the ship was left to burn until the British frigate HMS Londonderry arrived from Puerto Rico. The burning ship
1092-513: The ship began a four-month refit in January 2024 at the Harland & Wolff shipyard, Belfast . Margaritaville at Sea Islander left Belfast on 19 May 2024 for Tampa, Florida, and commenced her first cruise on 14 June, starting her programme of alternating 4- and 5-night cruises from Tampa, Florida to Key West, Florida , then Cozumel and Progreso, Yucatán in Mexico. The ship's godmother
1131-424: The ship was taken under tow. In February 2018, Costa announced its partnership with the Italian football club, Juventus . In December 2019, Costa debuted Costa Smeralda and became the second cruise line to operate a cruise ship fully powered by liquefied natural gas (LNG), following AIDA's AIDAnova one year earlier. Costa Smeralda was joined by her sister LNG ship, Costa Toscana , in 2021. Owing to
1170-584: The short-lived EuroLuxe brand. The Costa Victoria debuted in 1996, and was the largest cruise ship ever built in Germany at the time, and largest for the Costa. Its completion cost was covered by selling the Eugenio Costa . The Costa Victoria would be the final ship completed under the Costa family brand before the line was taken over by Carnival Corporation & plc . The ship was scheduled to have
1209-447: Was società a responsabilità limitata (S.r.l.) (' limited liability company '). S.p.A. issued shares ( Italian : azioni ), while in S.r.l. the unit was quote/stock of share capital. Moreover, the articles of association of S.r.l. allowed different allocation of profit and assets, which was more comparable to a limited partnership . Throughout Italy's history, the governance of S.p.A. has been remodeled several times. Originally
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1248-888: Was Costa Atlantica in 2000. In 2000, Carnival Corporation took full control of Costa Crociere after buying out Airtours' 50% interest for $ 525 million. Carnival Corporation would transfer older ships from their other brands to Costa, with the Costa Tropicale (former Carnival Cruise Line Tropicale ) in 2001, and the Costa Europa (former Holland American Line Westerdam ) in 2002. In 2002, Carnival Corporation and P&O Princess Cruises merged to form Carnival Corporation & plc, bringing together both companies' assets under one corporation. As of 2018, Costa accounted for approximately 12% of Carnival Corporation & plc's revenue. In 2004, Costa Crociere purchased control of AIDA Cruises of Germany . Carnival Corporation and
1287-747: Was announced the Costa Luminosa would be transferred to Carnival Cruise Line, the Costa Venezia and the Costa Firenze will join Carnival Fleet under the new "Carnival Fun Italian Style" concept in 2023 and 2024 respectively. In February 2023, it was announced that Costa Magica had been sold to Seajets , a Greek / Cypriot ferry company. On March 31, 2023, Costa Cruises celebrated its 75th anniversary. Powered by LNG. Costa's former fleet in chronological order: The ship
1326-474: Was confirmed on 16 October 2023 by Carnival Corporation. On 4 December, Margaritaville at Sea revealed that the ship would receive a total makeover before entering service in June 2024. All 1,100 staterooms would be refurbished, as well as the ship's atrium, lido deck and restaurants. Familiar features that debuted on Margaritaville at Sea Paradise would also be featured. Renamed Margaritaville at Sea Islander ,
1365-503: Was given to the shipping company, Themis Maritime Ltd. In late 2012, Costa Allegra was beached at Aliaga, Turkey, for scrapping. Costa cruises around the world were cancelled in March 2020 due to the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic . Costa began new sailings on 6 September in Italy, initially with two ships, Costa Deliziosa and Costa Diadema . At that time, the line required all passengers to be from Italy. By 27 September 2020, however, it
1404-629: Was in the main anchorage and would block the harbour if it sank there, so the Londonderry towed it to a different location where the Bianca C. sank on 24 October 1961. On 25 February 2010, Costa Europa collided with a pier in Sharm El Sheikh in Egypt, killing 3 crew members and injuring 4. Costa blamed strong winds for the collision. On 18 October 2010, Costa Classica collided with
1443-582: Was reported that, having implemented strict health protocols to protect its staff and guests, "Costa Cruises will be available for all European citizens who are residents in any of the countries listed in the most recent decree from the Prime Minister of Italy". A report on 9 January 2021 stated that some cruise lines were hoping to resume some sailings in Europe in the near future but added that "it remains to be seen whether this will go ahead with much of
1482-462: Was sold to CSSC Carnival Cruise Shipping in 2019. After four years she was sold to Margaritaville at Sea , re-entering service in June 2024. Costa Atlantica , unveiled in 2000, was one of four Costa ships built during the 2000s that were designed with magrodome-covered pool areas and other features that would allow travel to a wide array of destinations. The ship also had the same platform as sister line Carnival's four Spirit-class ships . The ship
1521-703: Was sold to Celestyal Cruises renamed Celestyal Experience and left the fleet in 2020. Celestyal Cruises resold her in 2021 after which she was sold to the Gadani Ship Breaking Yard in Pakistan for scrapping. It was beached for scrapping on 3 December 2021. Will sail out of Long Beach for Carnival under the Carnival Fun Italian Style concept in 2024. It will be renamed Carnival Firenze. See also Carnival Cruise Line's accidents and incidents for incidents associated with
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