The Caucasus Front ( Russian : Кавказский фронт ) was a major formation of the army of the Russian Republic (the successor to the Imperial Russian Army ) during the First World War . It was established in April 1917 by reorganization of the Russian Caucasus Army and formally ceased to exist in March 1918.
15-718: Caucaus Front (or Caucasian Front ) may have one of the following meanings Caucasus Front (Russian Republic) , the designation for the main army of the Russian Republic (successor to the Caucasus Army of the Imperial Russian Army) in the Caucasus in World War I from April 1917 until its dissolution Caucasian Front (RSFSR) (1920-1921), a front of
30-558: The Army of the North Caucasus were : The head of the 11th Army's Revolutionary Military Council was Sergo Ordzhonikidze . The military leaders of the 11th Army were Military decisions were supervised by the Army's Council of War . Its members were in 1921: Sergey Kirov , Valerian Kuybyshev , J.P. Butyagin, K.A. Mekhonoshin , Sokolov, J.I. Vesnik, Lukin, B.D. Mikhailov, Kvirkeliya, S.S. Eliava and P.I. Kushner. By 1921,
45-615: The Bolsheviks seized control of. Taking advantage of its quarrels with neighboring Armenia, the 11th Army had little difficulty in initially sovietizing Azerbaijan. Although it soon was embroiled in a fierce anti-Soviet insurgency, the army remained poised to advance into the two remaining republics, Armenian and Georgia. For the time being, however, the authorities in Moscow ordered the army to stand down while negotiations between Russia and Armenia were being carried out. In that brief span
60-477: The Caspian-Caucasian Front. It took a prominent part in the sovietization of the three republics of the southern Caucasus in 1920–21, when Azerbaijan , Armenia , and Georgia were brought within the orbit of Soviet Russia. Since the Russian Republic's Caucasus Front (April 1917 - March 1918) dissolved, it did not have a true successor organization. The Army of the North Caucasus , which
75-678: The Caucasus Army into the Caucasus Front was undertaken by the Russian Provisional Government as part of the military reforms following the February Revolution . During its entire year of existence, the Front was in a process of disintegration as revolutionary propaganda, the weakening of military discipline, desertion, and disease sapped the Front's strength. General Yudenich was the commander of
90-643: The Caucasus during World War I North Caucasian Front , a Front (military subdivision) of the Soviet Army during the World War II Transcaucasian Front , another Front of the Soviet Army during the World War II Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Caucasian Front . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
105-716: The Front at its creation. On May 31, 1917, he was removed for refusing to obey the Provisional Government's orders to resume offensive operations against the Turks, and was replaced by General Przhevalsky. On December 5 1917 the Armistice of Erzincan was signed between the new Soviet government of Russia and the Turkish Third Army , formally ceasing fighting in the Caucasus. Nevertheless, the Turks continued some offensive operations, taking advantage of
120-702: The Red Army did aid Armenian communists fighting against the Armenian government in the Ijevan region of Armenia. In September–November 1920 Armenia and in February–March 1921, Georgia were invaded and brought under Bolshevik control. Having conquered the whole of Transcaucasia, the 11th Army was dissolved on May 29, 1921 and replaced by the Independent Caucasus Army . The commanders of
135-576: The Red Army during the Russian Civil War Soviet Caucasian Front , Soviet army group of World War II Caucasian Front (militant group) , Islamist separatist unit during the Second Chechen War, active in 2005–2007 See also [ edit ] Russian Caucasus Army , a variety of Russian military formations, 18th to 21st century Caucasus Campaign , the military campaign that took place in
150-462: The fact that the Caucasus Front had effectively ceased to exist as a cohesive military force. Such resistance as the Turks met was offered by Armenian volunteer militia units . This was followed on March 3, 1918 by the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ending all hostilities with the Turks. Since the Caucasus Front dissolved, it did not have a true successor organization. The Army of the North Caucasus, which
165-610: The front of 200 miles held by the Red troops along the Caucasus foothills and South Russian steppes was cut into two by the White forces in the Northern Caucasus Operation (1918–1919) , which resulted in the panic flight of the 11th Red Army. According to Peter Kenez , "The raging typhus epidemics greatly contributed to the misery of the soldiers; during the winter of 1918-1919 fifty thousand men became ill. The sick,
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#1732765763401180-682: The hungry, and the demoralized gave themselves up by the tens of thousands. The Whites captured large stores of weapons and the Eleventh army ceased to exist." On 27 April 1920 the 11th Army took Baku and Azerbaijan Democratic Republic collapsed. The Bolsheviks then established the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic , as a Soviet republic in May 1920. This was the first country in the South Caucasus that
195-411: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caucasian_Front&oldid=875815625 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Caucasus Front (Russian Republic) The reorganization of
210-596: Was renamed 11th Army on October 3, 1918, constituted the main Soviet army in the area during the Russian Civil War . This Russian military article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This World War I article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . 11th Army (RSFSR) The 11th Army was a field army of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War , which fought on
225-716: Was renamed 11th Army on October 3, 1918, constituted the main army of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic in the area during the Russian Civil War . During the Russian Civil War the 11th Army fought against the White troops of General Anton Denikin 's Volunteer Army in the western part of the North Caucasus . It was the main strength of the Caspian-Caucasian Army Group . In January 1919,
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