Ciné film or cine film is the term commonly used in the UK and historically in the US to refer to the 8 mm , Super 8 , 9.5 mm , and 16 mm motion picture film formats used for home movies . It is not normally used to refer to professional formats such as 35 mm or 70 mm film, and is incorrect if applied to any video format. In the US, "movie film" is the common informal term for all formats and "motion picture film" the formal one.
21-569: Cine film literally means "moving" film, deriving from the Greek "kine" for motion; it also has roots in the Anglo-French word cinematograph , meaning moving picture . Although there had been earlier attempts, typically employing larger formats, the introduction of the 9.5 mm and 16 mm formats in the early 1920s finally succeeded in introducing the practice of showing rented "play-at-home" copies of professionally made films, which, in
42-520: A combustible gasoline engine ; he did develop a working model in the 1890s but gave up when told that such a noisy device would never be widely used. He then worked with Major Woodville Latham , for whom he engineered the Eidoloscope and assisted with the design of the Latham loop . (Later, Dickson would credit Lauste with the loop's invention.) The Eidoloscope was demonstrated for members of
63-485: A viewfinder . The Cinématographe could project an image onto a screen so a large audience of people could view images simultaneously. The Cinématographe produced a sharper projected image than had been seen before due to its design, in which a kind of fork held frames behind the lens in place using the perforations in the sides of the film strip. In 1897, the Lumières further added to their invention by using
84-404: A cost-cutting, compact alternative to 35 mm film that produced an acceptably sharp and bright image on smaller screens. Cine film, being commonly available, was also used to record scientific data, such as observations of animal behaviour and human gait . In some cases, such as studies of fluid dynamics , recording was done onto cine film at higher speeds than those used in home movies. In
105-470: A glass flask of water as the condenser to concentrate the light onto the film frame and to absorb heat. The flask also acted as a safety feature, as the light would no longer focus on the flammable film if the glass were to break due to overheating or accident. After the success of the Lumières's initial public screening in 1895, the Cinématographe became a popular attraction for people all over
126-607: A lack of money, Bouly could not develop his ideas properly and maintain his patent fees, so the Lumière brothers were free to adopt the name. In 1895, they applied it to a device that was mostly their own invention. The Lumière brothers made their first film, Workers Leaving the Lumière Factory ( Sortie de l'usine Lumière de Lyon ), that same year. The first commercial, public screening of cinematographic films happened on 20 May 1895 at 156 Broadway, New York City, when
147-464: A machine with both sharper images and better illumination . The Cinématographe weighed only 16 lb (7.3 kg), which allowed for ease of transportation and placement. As well, the Cinématographe was manually operated by a hand-crank, as opposed to Edison's electrically powered camera, which was not readily portable. Furthermore, while only one person at a time could use Edison's kinetoscope for viewing through an eyepiece-- an early model of
168-476: A particular aesthetic effect. Amateur 16 mm film-making was an expensive hobby limited to the affluent. The 9.5 mm format made more efficient use of film and was not quite so costly. The 8 mm format, introduced in 1932, consumed only one-quarter as much film as 16 mm and finally made home movies a reasonably affordable luxury for the many. Eventually, the 16 mm format came to be used mostly for commercial, educational and industrial purposes as
189-423: A service whereby these films are converted to modern formats such as DVD , and hobbyists have devised ways of performing the transfer with do-it-yourself equipment. This article related to film or motion picture terminology is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Cinematograph Cinematograph or kinematograph is an early term for several types of motion picture film mechanisms. The name
210-439: A three-minute 50-foot roll of 8 mm film, in substantial part because of costs associated with the latter's chemical processing. The writing was on the wall for cine film as a mass market item, though even in the early 2010s all the film formats mentioned above were still supported with new film stock and processing, albeit only from a very few specialist suppliers. Since cine film is now an obsolete format, some companies offer
231-527: The American Biograph Company in 1896 and remained there for four years before moving to Brixton, England. In 1904 he prepared his first sound-on-film model. On 11 August 1906 he (along with Australian Robert R. Haines and Briton John S. Pletts) applied for a British patent ; their application was granted patent No. 18057 in 1907 for "a process for recording and reproducing simultaneously the movements or motions of persons or objects and
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#1732772357269252-691: The technological development of the history of cinema . By age 23 he had filed 53 French patents. He emigrated to the United States in 1886 and started working at the Edison Laboratories where he met French-born William Kennedy Laurie Dickson . Lauste occasionally contributed to the development of the leading predecessor to the motion picture projector, the Kinetoscope , though he was never Dickson's chief assistant. Lauste left Edison in 1892. Lauste also worked on an idea for
273-586: The " Eidoloscope ", invented by Woodville Latham and Eugene Lauste was presented. Nonetheless, this has often been incorrectly attributed to the first Lumière show on 28 December 1895 at Salon Indien du Grand Café in Paris, which was organised by the Lumière brothers. This presentation featured ten short films, including a new version of Workers Leaving the Lumiere Factory . Each of these early films
294-497: The case of feature-length films, were usually much shortened from the originals. More significantly, these new cine film gauges were the first truly practical formats for making casual amateur "home movies" of vacation trips, family gatherings, and important events such as weddings. Amateur dramas and comedies were sometimes filmed, usually just for fun and without any aspiration to artistic merit. On occasion, professional filmmakers employed cine film for cost-saving reasons, or to evoke
315-406: The mid-1970s, Betamax and VHS home videocassette recorders were introduced. Color video cameras, previously beyond the financial reach of all but the richest amateurs, gradually became cheaper and smaller. Battery-powered camcorders combined the recorder and the camera into one portable and increasingly compact and affordable unit. By the early 1980s an hour of blank videotape cost no more than
336-519: The press on 21 April 1895 and opened to the paying public on 20 May, in a lower Broadway store with films of the Griffo-Barnett prize fight, taken from Madison Square Garden 's roof on 4 May. Thanks to the Latham loop inside the camera, the entire fight could be continuously shot on a single reel of film. He held regular displays of the pictures that summer in a Coney Island tent. He joined
357-461: The sounds produced by them," i.e., a strip of 35 mm celluloid film containing both image frames and a sound strip. In 1911 he exhibited a sound film in the United States, possibly the first-ever American showing of a movie using sound-on-film technology. Before he could market his system more widely, though, World War I intervened. From 1928 until his death, Lauste was a consultant for Bell Telephone Laboratories . With his wife, Melanie, he had
378-604: The working and middle classes, the machine also found its way into more sophisticated venues, where it appealed to the artistic tastes of high society. Ang, Tom. 2019. Photography: History, Art, Technique, 2005–2019. Eugene Augustin Lauste Eugène Augustin Lauste (17 January 1857 in Montmartre , France – 27 June 1935 in Montclair, New Jersey ) was a French inventor instrumental in
399-417: The world. The Lumière brothers took their machine to China and India and it was enjoyed by people of all classes and social standings. The Cinématographe was used to show films in nickelodeons , where even the poorest classes could pay the entry fee. It was exhibited at fairs and used as entertainment in vaudeville houses in both Europe and the United States. While vaudeville is typically associated with
420-399: Was 17 meters long (approximately 56 feet), which, when hand cranked through a projector, ran approximately 50 seconds. Louis Lumière and his brother Auguste worked together to create a motion-picture camera superior to Thomas Edison 's kinetograph , which did not have a projector. The Lumières endeavored to correct the flaws they perceived in the kinetograph and the kinetoscope, to develop
441-525: Was used for movie cameras as well as film projectors , or for complete systems that also provided means to print films (such as the Cinématographe Lumière). A device by this name was invented and patented as the " Cinématographe Léon Bouly" by French inventor Léon Bouly on February 12, 1892. Bouly coined the term "cinematograph," from the Greek for "writing in movement." Due to
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