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24-433: Aeronautics is noted for its capacity to innovate and to change the lives of millions of people. Also, for the complexity of its hardware and systems, which means the research and development cycles in the industry (the time it takes for an idea to get from the drawing board to the market) are very long, typically between 20 and 30 years. The risk associated with the large-scale investment required to drive technological progress

48-684: A 2035 service entry for the technologies developed. UK companies could be eligible if the country is associated to the Horizon Europe programme. Advisory Council for Aeronautics Research in Europe The Advisory Council for Aeronautics Research in Europe (ACARE) is a European advisory body that aims to improve the competitiveness and sustainability of the European Union in the field of aeronautics . It

72-540: A passive ice protection system will be tested on an engine inlet and nacelle mockup in an icing wind tunnel at de:Rail Tec Arsenal in Austria by early 2020, using capillary forces generated by vaporisation in a metallic porous "wick" in an evaporator to provide heat transfer with no moving parts to a condenser , like in space applications, reducing weight and energy requirements. Within Clean Sky 2,

96-757: Is a commune in southern France , some 60 km (38 mi) northwest of Marseille . It is in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region , in the Bouches-du-Rhône department , of which it is a subprefecture . Istres is adjacent to the Étang de Berre lagoon (the largest in Europe ) and the Étang de l'Olivier lagoon . It is located some 60 km (38 mi) north-west of Marseille , 20 km (13 mi) south-west of Salon-de-Provence , 10 km (6 mi) north of Martigues and 45 km (28 mi) south-east of Arles . Istres

120-759: Is a public-private partnership between the Directorate-General for Transport and Energy of the European Commission and industry leaders. ACARE was launched at the Paris Airshow in June 2001 and has about 40 members. In the year 2000 the Belgian European Commissioner for Research, Innovation and Science , Philippe Busquin , invited a number of aviation industry leaders to produce a strategy detailing how

144-558: Is also adjacent to the plaine de la Crau and the Camargue national park . The city has numerous sports facilities and exactly 102 clubs. Each year, a race is organized around the Étang de l'Olivier. Many runners participate. The town's main football club is FC Istres . Istres is the home of the Istres-Le Tubé Air Base (BA 125). This air base was one of three utilized by NASA as a contingency landing site for

168-440: Is an Airbus project within the framework to flight-test experimental laminar-flow wing sections on an A340 from September 2017. Other examples of hardware that have been developed with the support of Clean Sky include: Following the success of the initial Clean Sky Programme, its successor, Clean Sky 2, was launched in 2014(2) as part of the commission's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme. Clean Sky 2 aims to be

192-469: Is very high. In parallel, the environmental impact of the industry currently accounts for 3% of global man-made carbon emissions and is set to increase substantially in the years to come, as modern societies demand better connection among people, countries and regions. By coordinating the research activities of the industry, the CSJU develops new technologies that would otherwise be beyond the manageable risk of

216-739: The Clean Sky Joint Undertaking , a public-private partnership coordinating and funding research projects that aim to mitigate the environmental impact of aviation by developing more fuel-efficient technologies, and the SESAR Joint Undertaking , which aims to improve the efficiency of the European air traffic management system. This article about the European Union is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Istres Istres ( French pronunciation: [istʁ] ; Occitan : Istre )

240-534: The Scaled Flight Demonstrator  [ fr ] , a model of an Airbus A320 at 1/8.5 scale built as part of the Clean Sky 2 research program flew a test campaign. It can be used for both wind tunnel and flight tests, and aims to validate the use of scale models to reduce the gap between numerical simulations and full-scale flight tests. To cut 80% of air transport's CO 2 emissions by 2050, Clean Sky 3 would need reverse planning: due to

264-461: The Space Shuttle in the case of a Transoceanic Abort Landing . Istres shared this responsibility with Zaragoza, Spain and Moron, Spain . Istres has a Mediterranean climate characterised by mild, humid winters and hot, dry summers. January and February are the coldest months, averaging temperatures of around 7 °C. July and August are the hottest months. The mean summer temperature

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288-770: The member states of the European Union, and the European Commission. Following the publication of ACARE's ‘’Strategic Research Agenda’’ Archived 2014-09-03 at the Wayback Machine , the Commission launched a number of aeronautical research bodies and initiatives as part of the 6th and 7th Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development and the Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme. Prominent examples of these include

312-855: The Clean Sky 1 and 2 programmes, opened its first call for proposals with €735 million of funding over 36 months for hydrogen aircraft , hybrid electric aircraft , short- and medium-range aircraft , “transversal” technologies, and co-ordination and support. Hydrogen research gets €182 million, including €115 million for direct combustion with a 5,000shp (3,670 kW) turboprop and a 20,000 lb-thrust (89 kN) turbofan , €50 million for fuel cells , €10 million for storage , and €7 million for “near-term disruptive technologies”. Submissions are open until 23 June, with results announced in September and grants awarded in December. The second-phase will launch in 2025 to reach €1.7 billion of total funding, towards

336-746: The EU funds two high-speed rotorcraft : the Airbus RACER compound helicopter and the Leonardo Next-Generation Civil Tiltrotor (NGCTR). In 2016, French ONERA , German DLR and Dutch TU Delft / NLR were contracted to evaluate 35 radical configurations to replace conventional airliner designs from 2035, meeting Airbus A320 requirements: 150 passengers, a Mach 0.78 cruise and 1,200 nmi (2,200 km) of range. TU Delft and NLR presented their distributed hybrid-electric propulsion (DHEP) study Under Novair project at

360-479: The European Commission could help Europe's aviation industry become more competitive. This ‘Group of Personalities’ published ‘’European Aeronautics: A Vision for 2020’’ in January 2001. The document recommended the creation of ACARE, which would define the content of a long-term strategy to create a coherent European aviation research network. This network would bring together industry leaders, government actors from

384-409: The January 2019 AIAA SciTech conference, having selected three more likely configurations: Assuming 500 Wh/kg battery packs, achievable but beyond automotive or industrial applications, propulsion mass skyrocketed to 600% for HS2 and 730% for HS3, driving all the other masses and ending up consuming 34% more energy for HS3 and 51% for HS2, while HS1 showed a 10% better energy consumption. In 2022,

408-419: The applications are evaluated by a panel of independent external experts who advise the CSJU on the proposals with the best potential. The winning proposals then receive funding and other support from the CSJU. The initial Clean Sky Programme, which runs from 2008 to 2016, has a budget of €1.6 billion. Half of this was provided by the European Commission's Framework Package 7 Research and Innovation Programme and

432-522: The environmental impact of the design, production, withdrawal, and recycling of aircraft by optimising material and energy use. Complementing the six ITDs is the Technology Evaluator (TE). Once the new technologies have been developed and integrated into a test model or aircraft, the TE assesses the environmental improvements by carrying out demonstration activities and test flights and comparing

456-513: The industry and the commission, identifies strategic areas where research and innovation are essential. ‘Calls for Proposals' are then launched depending on the evolving needs of the industry. Small or medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), industrial leaders, universities, and professional research organisations respond to the calls with detailed plans for research activities and an outline of the funding that they will require to develop their new technologies. To guarantee an efficient allocation of resources,

480-402: The life expectancy of aircraft, required technologies would have to enter service in 2030-35 and should be demonstrated in 2025–27. The 2021-27 EU budget should be voted on by the end of 2019 and detailed allocation in 2020, with the Horizon Europe research and innovation program maybe including Clean Sky 3 starting on January 1, 2021, at best. On 23 March 2022, Clean Aviation , the successor to

504-405: The main contributor to the commission's Flightpath 2050 goals set by ACARE, which are more ambitious than those of the initial Clean Sky Programme. These goals are: Clean Sky 2 will also contribute to maintaining global leadership in European aeronautics. As such, Clean Sky 2 will require a larger membership, a bigger budget, and research activity in a wider range of areas. Within the programme,

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528-1334: The other half was provided by financial and in-kind contributions from the industry leaders. The strategic areas where research and innovation are essential are called Integrated Technology Demonstrators (ITDs). There are six of them, each one co-led by two industry leaders that are committed for the full duration of the programme: Green Regional Aircraft (GRA): Co-led by Airbus and Alenia . This ITD focuses on small, low-weight aircraft. Smart Fixed Wing Aircraft (SFWA): Co-led by Airbus and SAAB . This ITD focuses on wing technologies and configurations covering large aircraft and business jets. Green Rotorcraft (GRC): Co-led by AgustaWestland and Airbus Helicopters . This ITD focuses on innovative rotor blades, integration of diesel engine technology and advanced electrical systems for elimination of noxious hydraulic fluids. Sustainable and Green Engines (SAGE): Co-led by Rolls-Royce and Safran . This ITD focuses on novel configurations such as open rotors and intercoolers. Systems for Green Operations (SGO): Co-led by Liebherr and Thales . This ITD focuses on electrical aircraft equipment, system architectures, thermal management and capabilities for greener trajectories. Eco-Design (ED): Co-led by Dassault Aviation and Fraunhofer Gesellschaft . This ITD focuses on mitigating

552-492: The private sector: it provides the necessary funding to develop and introduce innovations within timeframes that would otherwise be unachievable. As such, the CSJU is intended to be the body that will be the main contributor in realising the Advisory Council for Aeronautics Research in Europe (ACARE) 2020 environmental goals for the industry. These goals are: The CSJU Governing Board, made up of representatives from

576-712: The results with aircraft that have not been equipped with the new technologies. The difference in fuel saved, noise emitted etc. is the extent of the success of the technology. An Open Rotor demonstration led by Safran was launched in 2008 within the program with 65 million euros funding over eight years : a demonstrator was assembled in 2015, and ground tested in May 2017 on its open-air test rig in Istres , aiming to reduce fuel consumption and associated CO 2 emissions by 30% compared with current CFM56 turbofans. The Breakthrough Laminar Aircraft Demonstrator in Europe (BLADE)

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