71-581: The Cuyahoga River ( / ˌ k aɪ . ə ˈ h ɒ ɡ ə / KY -ə- HOG -ə or / ˌ k aɪ . ə ˈ h oʊ ɡ ə / KY -ə- HOH -gə ) is a river located in Northeast Ohio that bisects the City of Cleveland and feeds into Lake Erie . As Cleveland emerged as a major manufacturing center, the river became heavily affected by industrial pollution , so much so that it caught fire at least 14 times. When it did so on June 22, 1969, news coverage of
142-415: A coal-burning power plant ; however, the hydropower operation was discontinued in 1958, and the coal-burning plant was decommissioned in 1991. Some environmental groups and recreational groups want the dam removed. Others contend that such an effort would be expensive and complicated, for at least two reasons: first, the formerly hollow dam was filled in with concrete in the early 1990s, and second, because of
213-596: A communal hunting ground, to be enjoyed by all tribes in the region, causing it to be regularly frequented by themselves, the Lenape, Shawnee and Seneca. The Ottawa, who lived clear at the western end of Lake Erie and who, themselves, had formed out of a similar circumstance to the Wyandot- captured Anishinaabeg stationed in the vicinity of what is now Detroit by the Iroquois- were apparently allowed to establish communities in
284-599: A mound building people, which may show a continuity of such people for a few hundred years after the Hopewell Culture collapsed. Many other suspected mounds are also known and several other suspected mounds have been destroyed by industry since the 1790s. When the French first began exploring and mapping the Great Lakes region in the 17th century, it comes across that the entire area of northern Ohio belonged to
355-441: Is a relatively recent geologic formation, formed by the advance and retreat of ice sheets during the last ice age . The final glacial retreat, which occurred 10,000–12,000 years ago, caused changes in the drainage pattern near Akron. This change in pattern caused the originally south-flowing Cuyahoga to flow to the north. As its newly reversed currents flowed toward Lake Erie, the river carved its way around glacial debris left by
426-606: Is not only remembered through the city's name but through living monuments in the form of trees throughout the Greater Cleveland area. As part of the 150-year anniversary of Moses Cleaveland's party coming to the mouth of the Cuyahoga River, Arthur B. Williams of the Cleveland Museum of Natural History proposed that trees should be identified and labeled if they were alive when Moses Cleaveland came to
497-682: Is possible that Europeans once wished to call it that, but the name "Cuyahoga" ended up becoming more prevalent and folk etymology took over, creating an accidental link between the two names that did not actually exist. Early maps from the era of French control of the region, when the Wyandot were the only tribe there, mark the river as "Cuyahoga", although the Wyandot name for the river is Yažaʔyeh. The Cuyahoga watershed begins its 100-mile (160 km) journey in Hambden, Ohio , flowing southward to
568-505: Is standard order from mouth to upstream: Northeast Ohio Northeast Ohio is a geographic and cultural region that comprises the northeastern counties of the U.S. state of Ohio . Definitions of the region consist of 16 to 23 counties between the southern shore of Lake Erie and the foothills of the Appalachian Mountains , home to over 4.5 million people. It is anchored by the metropolitan area of Cleveland ,
639-489: Is that Cleaveland's surveying party misspelled the name on their original map. In the early 1800s a local newspaper, the Cleveland Advertiser , chose the "Cleveland" spelling, which was then adopted by a rival newspaper. A local legend claims that the words "Cleaveland Advertiser" would not fit on a front-page banner, so the printer removed the extra "a" to make room, and the spelling stuck. Moses Cleaveland
710-764: The 2nd Connecticut Regiment of the Continental Army in 1777 during the American Revolution . In 1779, he was promoted to captain of a company of "sappers and miners" ( combat engineers ) in the newly formed Corps of Engineers . He resigned from the army on June 7, 1781, and started a legal practice in Canterbury. Cleaveland was a member of the Connecticut convention that ratified the United States Constitution . He
781-605: The Connecticut Western Reserve in 1796. During the American Revolution , Cleaveland was the brigadier general of the Connecticut militia. Cleaveland was born in Canterbury , Connecticut Colony , to Colonel Aaron Cleaveland (1725–1785) and Thankful Cleaveland (1733–1822). He studied law at Yale College , where he was a member of Brothers in Unity , graduating in 1777. He was commissioned as an ensign in
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#1732765660150852-861: The Horizon League . Six schools compete at the NCAA Division II level: the Lake Erie Storm , Ursuline Arrows , Malone Pioneers , Ashland Eagles , Notre Dame Falcons , and Walsh Cavaliers . There are nine schools at the Division III level: Mount Union Purple Raiders , Hiram Terriers , John Carroll Blue Streaks , Baldwin Wallace Yellow Jackets , Case Western Reserve Spartans , Kenyon Lords , Oberlin Yeomen , Wooster Scots , and Franciscan Barons . One school,
923-582: The Mohawk name Cayagaga , although the Mohawk were never in the region alongside European settlers, so this explanation is questionable. Some think that it comes from the Seneca word for "jawbone". This explanation, however, is as uncertain as the Mohawk explanation. A close match in the Seneca language is Gayó'ha'geh , meaning "on your chin". The river's crooked form does vaguely resemble an animal's jawbone. It
994-767: The Mount Vernon Nazarene Cougars , competes in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA). The Cleveland Metroparks are a system of nature preserves that encircle the city, and the Cuyahoga Valley National Park encompasses the Cuyahoga River valley between Cleveland and Akron. The region is home to Mentor Headlands Beach , the longest natural beach on the Great Lakes . In
1065-860: The National Football League (NFL) are based at Cleveland Browns Stadium , and the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association (NBA) play at Rocket Mortgage FieldHouse . Rocket Mortgage FieldHouse is also home to one additional professional franchise, the Cleveland Monsters of the American Hockey League . The Monsters are the top minor league affiliate of the Columbus Blue Jackets of
1136-995: The National Hockey League (NHL). There are a number of other professional sports teams in the region that play in various minor leagues. The Guardians have three minor league affiliates in the area: the AA Akron RubberDucks of the Eastern League who play at Canal Park in Akron, the Single-A Lake County Captains of the Midwest League who play at Classic Park in Eastlake , and the Single-A Mahoning Valley Scrappers of
1207-927: The New York–Penn League , who play at Eastwood Field in Niles . Additionally, there is an independent baseball team, the Lake Erie Crushers of the Frontier League , who play at Sprenger Stadium in Avon . The region also boasts of a lower league professional soccer team in Cleveland SC that plays at Don Shula Stadium . The Youngstown Phantoms are a junior ice hockey team in the United States Hockey League that has home games at Covelli Centre . Motorsports venues in
1278-747: The Treaty of Greenville that ended the Northwest Indian War in the Ohio Country , effectively becoming the western boundary of the United States and remaining so briefly. On July 22, 1796, Moses Cleaveland , a surveyor charged with exploring the Connecticut Western Reserve , arrived at the mouth of the Cuyahoga and subsequently located a settlement there, which became the city of Cleveland. It appears that, in more ancient times,
1349-585: The 1950s, AT&T assigned most of Northeast Ohio area code 216 . The western half of the region, including Ashland and Richland counties, and parts of Huron , Wayne and Erie counties, was assigned area code 419 . In 1996, area code 216 was reduced in size to cover the northern half of its prior area, centering on Cleveland. Area code 330 was introduced for the southern half of Northeast Ohio, including Summit , Portage , Medina , Stark , Columbiana and Mahoning counties, and much of Wayne , Trumbull and Tuscarawas counties. In 1997, area code 216
1420-784: The 2020 Census with a population of 3,769,834. It includes the six counties that make up Greater Cleveland (Cuyahoga, Lake, Geauga, Lorain, Medina, and Ashtabula), the Akron metropolitan area (Portage and Summit counties), the Canton–Massillon metropolitan area (Stark and Carroll counties), and the Sandusky metropolitan areas, in addition to the Norwalk , New Philadelphia–Dover , Wooster , Fremont , and Coshocton micropolitan areas. The Cleveland–Akron–Canton media market covers much of this area, including all of Northeast Ohio except for
1491-454: The 5.6-mile (9.0 km) navigation channel still preclude a robust fishery in that reach. Recreation water quality standards (using bacteria as indicators) are generally met during dry weather conditions, but are often exceeded during significant rains due to nonpoint sources and combined sewer overflows. In March 2019 the OEPA declared fish caught in the river safe to eat. Consequently, in 2024
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#17327656601501562-615: The City of Akron and members of the Gorge Dam Stakeholder Committee, including Summit Metro Parks, FirstEnergy, and the City of Cuyahoga Falls. As of 2024 the planned date of removal is 2026. The FirstEnergy Dam was built by the Northern Ohio Traction and Light Co. in 1912 to serve the dual functions of generating hydropower for its local streetcar system and providing cooling-water storage for
1633-582: The Cuyahoga was designated one of 14 American Heritage Rivers in 1998. Despite these efforts, pollution continues to exist in the Cuyahoga River due to other sources of pollution, including urban runoff , nonpoint source problems, combined sewer overflows , and stagnation due to water impounded by dams. For this reason, the Environmental Protection Agency classified portions of the Cuyahoga River watershed as one of 43 Great Lakes Areas of Concern . The most polluted portions of
1704-572: The Erie, but archaeology has since shown that the French, who only saw abandoned villages on the lake shore and never met any of the inhabitants, were mistaken. The entire Cuyahoga River Valley and last west of it actually belonged to a presumably Algonquian people never encountered by whites which we call the Whittlesey culture . They were destroyed during the Beaver Wars (1630-1701). Afterwards,
1775-628: The Great Lakes shipping season, depending on shipping schedules and weather conditions. Some attempts (including dams and dredging ) have been made to control flooding along the Cuyahoga River basin. As a result of speculative land development , buildings have been erected on many flat areas that are only a few feet above normal river levels. Sudden strong rain or snow storms can create severe flooding in these low-lying areas. The upper Cuyahoga River, starting at 1,093 feet (333 m) over 84 miles (135 km) from its mouth, drops in elevation fairly steeply, creating falls and rapids in some places;
1846-652: The Iroquois stationed a group of captured Hurons in this areas, who later broke free after the French aided several Native groups from the Mississippi River in pushing the Iroquois all the way back to what is now Pittsburg, and established themselves as their own tribe- the Wyandot. The Wyandot chose to set aside the entire region from the Cuyahoga River to the PA border and the Mahoning River to Lake Erie as
1917-599: The New Madrid Earthquake of 1811 was interpreted as a sign in his favor by many tribes across the eastern US, it appears the last of them in 1813 were leaving to migrate west, into the Great Black Swamp region- the last of Ohio's guaranteed Indian Territory- to live amongst the bulk of the Ottawa and Wyandot who were settled there. The Cuyahoga River, at times during the 20th century, was one of
1988-632: The Ottawa in northeast Ohio at a site called Pilgeruh, but mistakenly noted all the villages in the area were Ottawa. After the war, the military ordered the Natives to evict the region, but most of them stayed during the early decades of settlement, with the last of the local natives concentrating in the Cuyahoga River Valley before leaving between 1811-1813. While there is a chance some may have gone to southern Ohio and joined Tecumseh's brother's pan-Indian cult at his Prophetstown compound, as
2059-663: The Youngstown/Warren region. It is the 19th largest in the United States as of 2023, according to Nielsen Media Research . Northeast Ohio and the Cleveland CSA are also part of the larger Great Lakes Megalopolis . Northeast Ohio is home to a number of higher education institutions, including: Northeast Ohio is home to a number of professional sports teams, including three from the major North American sports leagues. The Cleveland Guardians of Major League Baseball play at Progressive Field , Cleveland Browns of
2130-473: The area, given the tribe's distance from it, with one noted in what is now Conneaut and several others noted along the Cuyahoga. But, it is historically established that not all the villages along the Cuyahoga at this time were Ottawa, with a Seneca community noted around Streetsboro under a chief named Big John and possibly some Wyandots nearby. During the Northwest Indian War (1785-1795), all
2201-805: The confluence of the East Branch Cuyahoga River and West Branch Cuyahoga River in Burton , where the Cuyahoga River officially begins. It continues on its 84.9-mile (136.6 km) journey flowing southward to Akron and Cuyahoga Falls , where it turns sharply north and flows through the Cuyahoga Valley National Park in northern Summit County and southern Cuyahoga County . It then flows through Independence , Valley View , Cuyahoga Heights , Newburgh Heights and Cleveland to its northern terminus, emptying into Lake Erie . The Cuyahoga River and its tributaries drain 813 square miles (2,110 km) of land in portions of six counties. The river
Cuyahoga River - Misplaced Pages Continue
2272-789: The cover for a story on the Chappaquiddick incident in which Kennedy's automobile passenger, Mary Jo Kopechne , had drowned. The 1969 Cuyahoga River fire helped spur an avalanche of water pollution control activities, resulting in amendments extending the Clean Water Act , Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement , and the creation of the federal Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (OEPA). Mayor Stokes gave Congressional testimony on his and other major big cities' struggles with polluting industries to restore
2343-672: The dam In late 2012, two dams in Cuyahoga Falls, the Sheraton and LeFever Dams, were scheduled for demolition, as the result of an agreement between the City of Cuyahoga Falls, which owns the dams, and the Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District, which will provide $ 1 million of funding to remove the dams. On December 12, 2012, the ACOE issued a permit, allowing the demolition to proceed. As part of
2414-604: The designated Ohio water quality standards. According to the United States Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System , the Cuyahoga River has also been known as: The name "White River" has also been applied. Download coordinates as: Generally, rivers are larger than creeks, which are larger than brooks, which are larger than runs. Runs may be dry except during or after a rain, at which point they can flash flood and be torrential. Default
2485-480: The environmental health of their communities. As a result, large point sources of pollution on the Cuyahoga have received significant attention from the OEPA in subsequent decades. These events are referred to in Randy Newman 's 1972 song " Burn On ", R.E.M. 's 1986 song " Cuyahoga ", and Adam Again 's 1992 song "River on Fire". Great Lakes Brewing Company of Cleveland named its Burning River Pale Ale after
2556-605: The event helped to spur the American environmental movement . Since then, the river has been extensively cleaned up through the efforts of Cleveland's city government and the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (OEPA). In 2019, the American Rivers conservation association named the Cuyahoga " River of the Year " in honor of "50 years of environmental resurgence". The name Cuyahoga is believed to mean "crooked river" from
2627-455: The event. In December 1970 a federal grand jury investigation led by U.S. Attorney Robert Jones began, of water pollution allegedly being caused by about 12 companies in northeastern Ohio; it was the first grand jury investigation of water pollution in the area. The Attorney General of the United States, John N. Mitchell, gave a Press Conference December 18, 1970 referencing new pollution control litigation, with particular reference to work with
2698-419: The falls for which the City of Cuyahoga Falls was named; more to the point of water quality, it has created a large stagnant pool with low dissolved oxygen . On April 9, 2019, officials from the U.S. EPA and Ohio EPA announced a plan to remove the Gorge Metropolitan Park Dam by 2023 at a cost of $ 65 to $ 70 million. Funding for the project was authorized through the Great Lakes Legacy Act with funds coming from
2769-479: The first and only river fire incident on the Cuyahoga since June 1969. However, as scholar Anne Jefferson notes: The Brecksville Dam at river mile 20 was the first dam upstream of Lake Erie. It affected fish populations by restricting their passage. The dam was removed in 2020. The largest dam is the Gorge Metropolitan Park Dam, also known as the FirstEnergy Dam, on the border between Cuyahoga Falls and Akron. This 57-foot (17 m) dam has for over 90 years submerged
2840-420: The first ever steelhead trout stocking in the river occurred. The lower Cuyahoga River, just west of present-day downtown Cleveland , has been subjected to numerous changes. Originally, the Cuyahoga river met Lake Erie approximately 4,000 feet (1.2 km) west of its current mouth, forming a shallow marsh. The current mouth is human-made, created in 1827, and allows shipping traffic to flow freely between
2911-420: The first year, and growth was slow initially, reaching only 150 inhabitants in 1820. Cleaveland went home to Connecticut after the 1796 expedition and never returned to Ohio or the city that bears his name. He died in Canterbury, Connecticut , where he is also buried, but a statue of him stands in the Cleveland Public Square . The settlement of "Cleaveland" eventually became known as "Cleveland". One theory
Cuyahoga River - Misplaced Pages Continue
2982-408: The horses and cattle, while the main body went in boats up the Mohawk River , down the Oswego River , along the shore of Lake Ontario , and up the Niagara River , carrying their boats over the seven-mile portage at Niagara Falls . Cleaveland married Esther Champion on March 2, 1797, with whom he had four children. At Buffalo , a delegation from the nearby Mohawk and Seneca tribes opposed
3053-411: The industrial history of Cuyahoga Falls, the sediment upstream of the dam is expected to contain hazardous chemicals, possibly including heavy metals and PCBs . The Ohio EPA estimated removal of the dam would cost $ 5–10 million, and removal of the contaminated sediments, a further $ 60 million. The dam is licensed through 2041. In 2023 however, after funding was secured, the decision was made to remove
3124-422: The introduction of area code 234, assignments of new telephone numbers in the area did not continue at an accelerated pace, and new phone numbers for area code 234 were not assigned until 2003. Moses Cleaveland Moses Cleaveland (January 29, 1754 – November 16, 1806) was an American lawyer, politician, soldier, and surveyor from Connecticut who founded the city of Cleveland , Ohio , while surveying
3195-509: The late 1960s, when new mayor Carl Stokes and his utilities director rallied voters to approve a $ 100 million bond to rehabilitate Cleveland's rivers. Then, the mayor seized the opportunity of a June 22, 1969 river fire triggered by a spark from a passing rail car igniting an oil slick to bring reporters to the river to raise attention to the issue. The 1969 fire caused approximately $ 50,000 in damage, mostly to an adjacent railroad bridge, but despite Mayor Stokes' efforts, very little attention
3266-435: The lower gradient in their respective reaches. For this reason, the Ohio EPA required the communities to mitigate the effects of the dams. The Munroe Falls Dam was modified in 2005. Work on this project uncovered a natural waterfall. Given this new knowledge about the riverbed, some interested parties, including Summit County, campaigned for complete removal of the dam. The revised plan, initially denied on September 20, 2005,
3337-400: The lower Cuyahoga River banks in Cleveland's Flats district . The Corps of Engineers has also straightened river banks and widened turning basins in the federal navigation channel on the lower Cuyahoga River to facilitate maritime operations. The United States Coast Guard sometimes conducts fall and spring ice-breaking operations along Lake Erie and the lower Cuyahoga River to prolong
3408-442: The lower Cuyahoga River only drops several feet along the last several miles of the lower river to 571 feet (174 m) at the mouth on Lake Erie, resulting in relatively slow-moving waters that can take a while to drain compared to the upper Cuyahoga. Some tributary elevations above are higher than the Cuyahoga River elevation, because of small waterfalls at or near their confluences; and distances are measured in "river miles" along
3479-420: The most polluted rivers in the United States. The reach from Akron to Cleveland was devoid of fish. A 1968 Kent State University symposium described one section of the river: At least 13 fires have been reported on the Cuyahoga River, the first occurring in 1868. The largest river fire, in 1952, caused over $ 1 million in damage to boats, a bridge, and a riverfront office building. Things began to change in
3550-602: The most populous city in the region with over 372,000 residents in 2020. Other metropolitan centers include Akron , Canton , Mansfield , Sandusky , and Youngstown . Northeast Ohio includes most of the area known historically as the Connecticut Western Reserve . Different sources define the region as having various boundaries. In its most expansive usage, it contains six metropolitan statistical areas : Cleveland–Elyria , Akron , Canton–Massillon , Youngstown–Warren , Mansfield , and Weirton–Steubenville along with eight micropolitan statistical areas . There are 23 counties in
3621-449: The nation. (No pictures of the 1969 fire are known to exist, as local media did not arrive on the scene until after the fire was under control.) The article launched Time 's new "Environment" section, and gained wide readership not only on its own merit, but because the same issue featured coverage of astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landing on the Moon the previous week in the Apollo 11 mission, and had Senator Ted Kennedy on
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#17327656601503692-473: The new Environmental Protection Agency, and announcing the filing of a law suit that morning against the Jones and Laughlin Steel Corporation for discharging substantial quantities of cyanide into the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland. Jones filed the misdemeanor charges in District Court, alleging violations of the 1899 Rivers and Harbors Act. There were multiple other suits filed by Jones. Water quality has improved and, partially in recognition of this improvement,
3763-442: The party's entrance into the Western Reserve, claiming it as their territory, but they waived their rights on the receipt of goods valued at $ 1,200. The expedition then coasted along the shore of Lake Erie and landed at the mouth of Conneaut Creek on July 4, 1796, which they named Port Independence. Nearby Native Americans were upset at the encroachment on their land, but they were appeased with gifts of beads and whiskey and allowed
3834-542: The project, a water trail was developed. In early June 2013, dam removal began, and ended in August 20, 2013. This brought about a mile of the river back to its natural state, removed 35 feet (11 m) of structures, and exposed an equivalent quantity of whitewater for recreation. In 2019, attempts by the city to address increased erosion as a result of the removal of these and other area dams were publicized. Two other dams, in Kent and in Munroe Falls , though smaller, have had an even greater impact on water quality due to
3905-447: The receding ice sheet, resulting in the river's winding U-shape. These meanderings stretched the length of the river (which was only 30 miles (50 km) when traveled directly) into a 100-mile (160 km) trek from its headwaters to its mouth. The depth of the river (except where noted below) ranges from 3 to 6 ft (1 to 2 m). The river was one of the features along which the "Greenville Treaty Line" ran beginning in 1795, per
3976-473: The region include Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course in Lexington and Summit Motorsports Park in Norwalk , a major NHRA venue. The region is home to a number of NCAA athletic programs, including four in Division I: the Akron Zips , Cleveland State Vikings , Kent State Golden Flashes , and Youngstown State Penguins . Both Akron and Kent State are members of the Cleveland-based Mid-American Conference , while Cleveland State and Youngstown State are members of
4047-508: The region where the city would be. In 1946, 242 trees from 23 different tree species were nominated to become an official Moses Cleaveland Tree. Each tree's age was verified, and the list of Moses Cleaveland Trees was reduced to 150 trees that were accessible to the public. Each tree was fashioned with a commemorative metal plaque that identified it as one of the Moses Cleaveland Trees. Since this project began in 1946, more trees have been designated as Moses Cleaveland Trees in part due to some of
4118-413: The region, with over 4.5 million residents and a labor force of almost 2.2 million. The GDP (nominal) of Northeast Ohio is over $ 195 billion, which makes it comparable to that of New Zealand or the Republic of Ireland . Most of Northeast Ohio is part of the Cleveland–Akron–Canton Combined Statistical Area , which ranked as the 17th-largest Combined Statistical Area (CSA) in the United States as of
4189-450: The river and the lake. Additionally, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers periodically dredges the navigation channel of the otherwise shallow river to a depth of 27 feet (8.2 m), along the river's lower 5 miles (8.0 km), from its mouth up to the Mittal Steel Cleveland Works steel mills, to accommodate Great Lakes freighter traffic which serves the bulk (asphalt, gravel, petroleum, salt, steel, and other) industries located along
4260-485: The river now generally meet established aquatic life water quality standards except near dam impoundments. The reasons for not meeting standards near the dam pools are habitat and fish passage issues rather than water quality. River reaches that were once devoid of fish now support 44 species. The most recent survey in 2008 revealed the two most common species in the river were hogsuckers and spotfin shiners , both moderately sensitive to water quality. Habitat issues within
4331-408: The river was inhabited by some branch of Mound Building culture related to the Hopewell. The only mound formally excavated was Towner's Mound outside of Kent, which appears identical in construction to two other mounds excavated in North Benton, OH and Warren, PA that are related to the New York Hopewell offshoot. The Iroquois say that, when the Erie first moved into western Pennsylvania, they pushed out
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#17327656601504402-406: The river's length from its mouth on Lake Erie. On August 25, 2020, a Holland Oil and Gas fuel tanker crashed on Route 8 near Akron and Cuyahoga Falls, killing one individual and causing a fire that leaked fuel into the southern section of the river. The fire was extinguished by the Akron Fire Department and the river section and surrounding area were promptly cleaned up. The fatal road crash marked
4473-418: The surveys to proceed. General Cleaveland coasted along the shore with a surveying party and landed at the mouth of the Cuyahoga River on July 22, 1796. He ascended the bank and determined that the spot was a favorable site for a city, with the river on the west and Lake Erie on the north. He had it surveyed into town lots, and the employees named the place Cleaveland in his honor. There were four settlers
4544-441: The tribes in Ohio were ordered to give up most of Ohio for settlement, leading to a mass military revolt of all tribes in the Great Lakes region under a war chief named Little Turtle, with most of the fighting occurring along the Ohio-Indiana border. At this time, some Moravian missionaries who had been looking to establish a mission amongst the Ottawa were warned away due to the conflict, so they appear to have chosen to settle amongst
4615-424: Was announced that by the third quarter of 2024, area code 440 would be exhausted. Area code 436 was assigned to overlap the existing area code 440. Any new phone number in the geographical area formerly covered by area code 440 could be assigned a phone number in either the 436 or 440 are codes. In 2000, it was anticipated that the available phone numbers in area code 330 would be exhausted, and an overlay area code
4686-482: Was approached by the directors of the company in May 1796 and asked to lead the survey of the tract and the location of purchases. He was also responsible for the negotiations with the Native Americans living on the land. In June 1796, he set out from Schenectady, New York . His party was composed of 50 people, including six surveyors, a physician, a chaplain, a boatman, 37 employees, a few emigrants, and two women who accompanied their husbands. Some journeyed by land with
4757-423: Was approved by the Munroe Falls City Council a week later. The 11.5-foot (3.5 m) sandstone dam has since been removed, and in its place now is a natural ledge with a 4.5-foot (1.4 m) drop at its greatest point. The Kent Dam was bypassed in 2004 and was the first dam modification project in the state of Ohio that was made solely for water quality issues. The modification resulted in the river fully attaining
4828-422: Was elected to the Connecticut General Assembly several times and was commissioned brigadier general of militia in 1796. He was a shareholder in the Connecticut Land Company which had purchased land from Connecticut located in northeastern Ohio for $ 1,200,000. The land was reserved to Connecticut by Congress and was initially known as New Connecticut, but it came to be known as the Western Reserve. Cleaveland
4899-667: Was further split as the need for additional phone numbers grew. Area code 216 was again reduced in geographical area to cover the city of Cleveland and its inner ring suburbs . Area code 440 was introduced to cover the remainder of was what previously area code 216, including all of Lake , Lorain , Ashtabula and Geauga counties, and parts of Trumbull, Huron, Erie and Cuyahoga counties. Some communities, such as Parma and Parma Heights , were divided into multiple area codes. In 1999, Congressman Dennis Kucinich introduced federal legislation to protect small and medium-sized cities from being split into two or more area codes. In 2023, it
4970-469: Was initially given to the incident, and it was not considered a major news story in the Cleveland media. However, the incident did soon garner the attention of Time magazine, which used a dramatic photo of the even larger 1952 blaze in an article on the pollution of America's waterways. The article described the Cuyahoga as the river that "oozes rather than flows" and in which a person "does not drown but decays" and listed other badly-polluted rivers across
5041-413: Was introduced. Area code 234 was assigned to overlap existing area code 330. With the creation of area code 234, any new phone number in the geographical area formerly covered by area code 330 could be assigned a phone number in either the 234 or 330 area codes, with no change in local or long distance toll status. This made necessary the use of ten-digit dialing within the 330/234 area code region. After
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