Misplaced Pages

#224775

49-469: Cythera may refer to: Places Cythera (island) , an island of Greece, also written Kythira, Kythera, Kithira Cytherean : pertaining to the island Cythera Cythera (ancient town) , an ancient town on the island of Cythera Ships USS Cythera , the name of two United States Navy ships Cythera (yacht) , a steel ketch, designed and built by Peter A. Fenton, launched in 1962 Cythera ,

98-539: A hot-summer mediterranean ( Csa ) climate. During July 2024 minimum temperatures remained over 30 °C (86 °F) for 12 consecutive days in metropolitan Athens , breaking all known records for any area in the country. The lowest average annual precipitation is found in Anavysos , Athens Riviera with around 300 mm, while the highest average annual precipitation is found in Avlonas with around 930 mm. Lavrio

147-509: A Phoenician Bay in Kythira ( Hellenica 4.8.7, probably Avlemonas Bay on the eastern side of the island). The archaic Greek city of Kythira was at Scandea on Avlemonas; its ruins have been excavated. Its acropolis, now Palicastro (Palaeocastron, "Old Fort"), has the temple of Aphrodite Ourania , who may well represent a Phoenician cult of Astarte . In classical times, Kythira was part of the territory of several larger city-states. Sparta took

196-531: A marina to the south side of the port, however no plans or timetables have been produced. Additionally, the harbour of Agia Patrikia (north of Agia Pelagia) is the primary fishing boat harbour, housing two wide boatramps and a boat repair facility. The island's primary airport is the Alexander S. Onassis Airport also known as Kithira Island National Airport , located in the region between the village of Friligiannika and Diakofti, about 20 km (12 mi) from

245-530: A population loss of 0.9%. Due to its large area Attica has a variety of climates. The largest part of the peninsula has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate ( Köppen climate classification : Csa ). Some areas of the Athens Riviera , areas of the Thriasio Plain , Aigina , Hydra and some areas in west Attica have a hot semi-arid climate ( Köppen climate classification : BSh ). According to

294-483: A yacht lost with all aboard during the Great Blizzard of 1888 Other Cythera (video game) a computer game by Ambrosia Software Cythera (novel) , a 1998 novel by Richard Calder In Cythera , a 2012 song by Killing Joke See also [ edit ] Cytherea (disambiguation) The Embarkation for Cythera , a painting by French painter Jean-Antoine Watteau Topics referred to by

343-475: Is an administrative region of Greece , that encompasses the entire Athens metropolitan area , the core city of which is the country's capital and largest city , Athens . The region is coextensive with the former Attica Prefecture of Central Greece and covers a greater area than the historical region of Attica . Located on the eastern edge of Central Greece , Attica covers about 3,808 square kilometres. In addition to Athens, it contains within its area

392-474: Is attested from the fourth century AD, the time of Constantine ; according to her legend, Saint Elessa came from Laconia to convert the island. Kythira is not mentioned in the literary sources for centuries after its conversion; in the period of Byzantine weakness at the end of the seventh century, it might have been exposed to attacks from both the Slavic tribes who raided the mainland and from Arab pirates from

441-472: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Cythera (island) The island is strategically located between the Greek mainland and Crete , and from ancient times until the mid-19th century was a crossroads of merchants, sailors, and conquerors. As such, it has had a long and varied history and has been influenced by many civilizations and cultures. This

490-485: Is due to the villages being named after influential families that settled first in that region. For Example, 'Logothetianika' is derived from the Greek last name of 'Logothetis'. Officially, Greek is Kythira's main language. Despite popular belief, most places such as public services and local administrations, will be able to oblige to an individual's needs in English as well. In specific areas, some of Kythira's population

539-538: Is fluent in Italian. The island in the past has been plagued by a poor infrastructure, exacerbated by the effect of weather on transportation during the winter months. However the construction of the new port in Diakofti along with the renovation of the island's airport have significantly reduced these effects. A new road from the island's most populated town of Potamos in the north to the island's capital of Chora in

SECTION 10

#1732765631225

588-421: Is located on the southern part of the island having no ports connected to the southern Peloponnese or Vatika . Kythira's port for Vatika was previously situated at Agia Pelagia, although in recent years this port has been decommissioned and has been replaced by a new port at the coastal town of Diakofti, Kythira. Most of the over 60 village names end with "-anika" and a few end with -athika, -iana and -wades. This

637-425: Is now an independent self-governing body with powers and a budget comparable to the former prefectures . The region is subdivided into eight subordinate regional units : The Attica region consists of eight electoral districts : Athens A , Athens B1 , Athens B2 , Athens B3 , Piraeus A , Piraeus B , East Attica and West Attica . The region has shrunk by 35,965 people between 2011 and 2021, experiencing

686-463: Is reflected in its architecture (a blend of traditional, Aegean and Venetian elements), as well as the traditions and customs, influenced by centuries of coexistence of the Greek, and Venetian cultures. Kythira and the nearby island of Antikythira were separate municipalities until they were merged at the 2011 local government reform; the two islands are now municipal units of Kythira municipality. The municipality has an area of 300.023 km ,

735-759: Is the only area in mainland Attica that has never recorded an air frost according to the National Observatory of Athens station which operates since 2008. The highest temperature ever recorded in Attica was 48.0°C in Elefsina and Tatoi on July 10, 1977 which according to the World Meteorological Organization was also the highest official temperature ever recorded in Europe until 2021. The lowest temperature ever recorded

784-578: The Barbary slave trade . Kythira was at the mercy of Barbary pirates due to its strategic location in the Mediterranean. In order to intercept merchant vessels, islands along the trade routes were of course more interesting for pirates. In the 17th century the small islands like Sapientza (Kalamatas) south of Messinia (district in south-western part of the Peloponnese), Cerigo (Kythira) south of

833-537: The United States of the Ionian Islands , a British protectorate . The British ruled over the islands for nearly half a century; under British rule, they were governed by a High Commissioner who was granted both legislative and executive powers. During the period of British rule, the city was known as Carigo or Cerigo, a name it had been acquired under Venetian control. After a long period of turbulence in

882-561: The 21st century: that of November 5, 2004, measuring between 5.6 and 5.8 on the Richter scale and the earthquake of January 8, 2006, measuring 6.9 on the Richter scale. The epicenter of the latter was in the sea about 20 km (12 mi) to the east of Kythira, with a focus at a depth of approximately 70 km (43 mi). Many buildings were damaged, particularly old ones, mostly in the village of Mitata , but with no loss of life. It

931-487: The Attica region have even milder winters with Hydra recording a January average low of over 10°C and falling in 11a hardiness zone . The highest July and August temperatures are recorded in the interior of the Athens Basin and also in west areas with Nea Filadelfeia , Harokopio University and Salamina registering average summer highs over 35°C. Due to land breezes, summer nights can be particularly hot in

980-484: The Goddess of love (cf. Cyprus , another island devoted to the Goddess of Love). She is said to have been birthed from sea foam near the island. Like many of the smaller Aegean islands, Kythira's population is decreasing. While the island had reached a peak population of about 14,500 in 1864, that has steadily declined mostly due to emigration, both internal (to major urban centres of Greece) and external (to Australia,

1029-557: The Greek holiday of Pentecost at the end of May, and lasts until the middle of September. During this time, primarily during August, the island's population will often triple due to the tourists and natives returning for vacation. Dependence on tourism has resulted in increased building activity in many of the island's villages, mostly for commercial purposes (hotels and hospitality facilities, shops etc.), but also secondary homes; prominent examples are Agia Pelagia and Livadi, both of which having witnessed significant growth in their size since

SECTION 20

#1732765631225

1078-615: The United States, Germany) in the first half of the 20th century. Today its population hovers around 3,650 people (2021 census). Since the late 20th century, the Kythirean economy has largely focused and, in the process, has become dependent on tourism , which provides the majority of the island's income, despite the fact that Kythira is not one of the most popular tourist destinations in Greece. The popular season usually begins with

1127-593: The Venetian domination the island was known as Cerigo . Kythirans still talk about the destruction and looting of Paliochora by Barbarossa ; it has become an intrinsic part of the Kytherian folklore. One can easily accept the stories of locals by noticing the number of monasteries embedded in the rocky hillsides to avoid destruction by the pirates . Barbary pirates ranged across the Mediterranean waters, raiding ships, coasts and islands, taking booty and slaves for

1176-404: The capital. The airport was revamped and extended at the turn of the 21st century, largely by private funds provided by the local population. The island is served by Olympic Air and Aegean Airlines flights. Attica (region) Attica ( / ˈ æ t ɪ k ə / AT -ih-kə ; Greek : Περιφέρεια Αττικής , romanized :  Periféria Attikís , [periˈferi.a atiˈcis] )

1225-579: The cities of Elefsina , Megara , Laurium , and Marathon , as well as a small part of the Peloponnese peninsula and the islands of Salamis , Aegina , Angistri , Poros , Hydra , Spetses , Kythira , and Antikythera . About 3,800,000 people live in the region, of whom more than 95% are inhabitants of the Athens metropolitan area . In 2019, Attica had the HDI of 0.912, the highest in Greece. The region

1274-520: The colony, which even eminent Commissioners as William Ewart Gladstone who served in the role for three weeks in the winter of 1859 failed to resolve, the British discussion whether they were a waste of money or a vital overseas possession ended with the cession of the Ionian Islands, including Kythira, to the new King George I of Greece , who was brother-in-law to the Prince of Wales. The chief town of

1323-644: The conquerors of the Fourth Crusade , the Republic of Venice took her share, three eighths of the whole, as the Greek islands, Kythira among them. She established a coast patrol on Kythira and Antikythera to protect her trade route to Constantinople; Kythira was one of the islands Venice continued to hold despite the Greek reconquest of Constantinople and the Turkish presence all over the Near East. During

1372-489: The early 1990s. Minor sources of revenue are thyme honey, famous within Greece for its rich flavor, as well as some small-scale cultivation of vegetables and fruit and animal husbandry that is, nevertheless, increasingly restricted to local consumption. Only five of the island's villages are on the coast (Platia Amos, Agia Pelagia, Diakofti, Avlemonas, & Kapsali). During July and August, several traditional dances will be held in various villages. These dances usually attract

1421-534: The hospital was on May 21, 1953, in Potamos, making it the first hospital on the island. It remains the only hospital on the island to this day, providing essential medical services to the residents of Kythira and the surrounding areas. The charitable organization responsible for the hospital evolved to become the Trifylleion Foundation of Kytherians and is still active today. The capital, Chora,

1470-682: The island from Argos early in the sixth century BC, and ruled it under a kytherodíkes (kυθηροδίκης, "judge on Kythira"), in Thucydides' time [4,53,3]; Athens occupied it three times when at war with Sparta (in 456 BC during her first war with Sparta and the Peloponnesians ; from 424 to 410 BC, through most of the great Peloponnesian War ; and from 393 to 387/386BC, during the Corinthian War against Spartan dominance) and used it both to support her trade and to raid Laconia. Kythira

1519-747: The island, Kythira (or Chora, "village"), houses the Historical Archives of Kythira, the second largest in the Ionian islands, after Corfu . Kythira has a land area of 279.593 square kilometres (107.95 sq mi); it is located at the southwestern exit from the Aegean Sea , behind Cape Malea . The rugged terrain is a result of prevailing winds from the surrounding seas which have shaped its shores into steep rocky cliffs with deep bays. The island has many beaches, of various composition and size; only half of them can be reached by road through

Cythera - Misplaced Pages Continue

1568-476: The majority of the island's population, the biggest of which are the festival of 'Panagia' in Potamos on 15 August, and the wine festival in Mitata on the first Friday and Saturday of August. The Trifylleion Hospital of Kythera is the only hospital on the island. The hospital's construction was made possible through the contributions of Greek Americans , including Mixalis Semitekolos, also known as Mike Semet, who

1617-529: The meteorological stations of the National Observatory of Athens and the Hellenic National Meteorological Service areas in the north have wetter and colder winters. Parnitha mountain has a January average high of around 4°C and an average low below 0°C. Areas in the south mainland have very mild winters with Nea Smyrni recording a January average high close to 15°C and an average low of around 9°C. The islands of

1666-515: The mountainous terrain of the island. The Kythirian Straits are nearby. Kythira is close to the Hellenic arc plate boundary zone, and thus highly prone to earthquakes . Many earthquakes in recorded history have had their epicentres near or on the island. Probably the largest in recent times is the 1903 earthquake near at the village of Mitata , that caused significant damage as well as limited loss of life. It has had two major earthquakes in

1715-422: The municipal unit 279.593 km . The province of Kythira ( Greek : Επαρχία Κυθήρων ) was one of the provinces of Lakonia , then of Argolis and Korinthia , then of Attica Prefecture from 1929 to 1964. Then from 1964 to 1972 Kythira became part of the newly establishment Piraeus Prefecture and after dissolution of Piraeus prefecture returned to Attica Prefecture as part of Piraeus prefecture (Νομαρχία). It

1764-652: The other Ionian islands during the turbulent Napoleonic era, and is still regarded as one of them; it was counted as one of the Cyclades in antiquity. In 1799, the Ionian islands became the Septinsular Republic , nominally under Ottoman suzerainty , but in practice dominated by Imperial Russia . In 1807, the French recaptured the islands, before they were captured again by the British in 1809, who set up

1813-590: The region was 87.4 billion € in 2018, accounting for about 47% of the Greek economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 28,000 € or 93% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 99% of the EU average. Attica is the region in Greece with the highest GDP per capita. Despite that, the unemployment rate stood at 21.6% in 2017. The main roads and highways of Attica are: Numerous ferry lines, both normal ferries and high speed vessels, connect

1862-411: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Cythera . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cythera&oldid=1133277794 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

1911-524: The sea. Archaeological evidence suggests the island was abandoned about 700 AD. When Saint Theodore of Cythera led a resettlement after the Byzantine reconquest of Crete in 962, he found the island occupied only by wandering bands of hunters. He established a great monastery at Paliochora; a town grew up around it, largely populated from Laconia. When the Byzantine Empire was divided among

1960-573: The south and especially around Piraeus which records an average August low of around 27°C. The highest average annual temperatures are recorded in Nea Smyrni registering around 20.5°C, while the lowest is recorded in Parnitha mountain with less than 11.0°C. Neos Kosmos is the warmest area of Downtown Athens with an average annual temperature of 20.2°C and a hot semi-arid climate ( Köppen climate classification : BSh ) closely bordering

2009-400: The south is currently in the planning and development stage. Despite the fact that the island has been a trade route for centuries, construction of a modern port was postponed several times until the latter half of the 20th century. In 1933, efforts were made to construct a port in the village of Agia Pelagia, yet financial and governmental problems meant that it was only decades later that one

Cythera - Misplaced Pages Continue

2058-533: The south-eastern tip of the Peloponnese, and along the coast of Asia minor, the then deserted islands of Fourni southwest of Samos, and the island of Psara, west of Chios, were all pirate bases. When Napoleon put an end to the Venetian Republic in 1797, Kythira was among the islands incorporated in that most distant department of France, called Mer-Égée . Kythira shared a common destiny with

2107-542: Was -12.0°C in Parnitha mountain on January 9, 2017. The highest minimum temperature in mainland Attica was 32.9 °C (91 °F) and it was recorded on July 26, 2023 in Hellinikon . The highest minimum temperature in the Attica region was 37.0 °C (99 °F) in Kythira . Furthermore, Attica has experienced temperatures of 47.5°C and over in four different locations . The Gross domestic product (GDP) of

2156-576: Was a prominent figure in the New York City restaurant industry in the early 20th century. Semitekolos, an immigrant from Kythera, raised funds for the hospital by participating in a pan-Kytherian fundraising campaign in the United States in the early 1950s. His significant monetary contributions earned him recognition from King Paul of Greece with the Order of the Phoenix . The groundbreaking for

2205-590: Was abolished in 2006. From 2011 it is part of the Islands regional unit of Attica region . There are archaeological remains from the Helladic period , contemporary with the Minoans . There is archaeological evidence of Kythiran trade as far as Egypt and Mesopotamia. Kythira had a Phoenician colony in the early archaic age; the sea-snail which produces Tyrian purple is native to the island. Xenophon refers to

2254-597: Was built. That small port of Agia Pelagia (currently being renovated from a ferry dock to a tourist/recreational boat dock) was the island's main port until the mid-1990s. Around that time the new port of Diakofti , the site originally chosen by the British colonial administration in the 19th century, was constructed along with a modern wider road, aiming to support larger cargo and passenger vessels. The port of Diakofti currently serves scheduled routes to/from Gythion , Kalamata , Antikythera , Piraeus ' Athens port, Crete & Neapolis - Vatika. Proposals have been made to attach

2303-505: Was established in the 1987 administrative reform, and until 2010 it comprised the 4 prefectures of Athens , East Attica , Piraeus and West Attica . With the 2010 Kallikratis plan , the region's powers and authority were completely redefined and extended. Since 1 January 2011, the region represents the second-level local administration. While being supervised by the Decentralized Administration of Attica , it

2352-408: Was felt as far as Italy , Egypt , Malta and Jordan . The municipal unit Kythira is subdivided into 13 communities (constituent settlements in parentheses): Kythira has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate ( Köppen climate classification : Csa ) with mild, rainy winters and warm to hot dry summers. In Ancient Greek mythology , Kythira was considered to be the island of celestial Aphrodite ,

2401-608: Was independent, and issued her own coins in 195 BC after the Achaean defeat of Sparta. In Augustus' time, it was again subject to Sparta, being the property of Gaius Julius Eurycles , who was both a Spartan magnate and a Roman citizen. By this time, the Greek cities were in practice subject to the Roman Empire . Kythira continued to exist under the Roman Empire and its Byzantine successor state for centuries. Christianity

#224775