83-405: AJPA is an abbreviation that may refer to: Asian Journal of Public Affairs American Jewish Press Association American Journal of Physical Anthropology Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title AJPA . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
166-520: A purchasing power parity (PPP) gross domestic product (GDP) of around US$ 10.2 trillion in 2022, constituting approximately 6.5% of global GDP (PPP) . ASEAN member states include some of the fastest growing economies in the world, and the institution plays an integral role in East Asian regionalism. The primary objectives of ASEAN, as stated by the association, are "to accelerate economic growth, social progress and cultural development in
249-595: A Declaration of Concord. The end of the Cold War allowed ASEAN countries to exercise greater political independence in the region, and in the 1990s, ASEAN emerged as a leading voice on regional trade and security issues. On 15 December 1995, the Southeast Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty was signed to turn Southeast Asia into a nuclear-weapon-free zone . The treaty took effect on 28 March 1997 after all but one of
332-689: A comprehensive guide for the establishment of the community was adopted on 20 November 2007 at the 13th ASEAN Summit in Singapore. Its characteristics include a single market and production base, a highly competitive economic region, a region of fair economic development, and a region fully integrated into the global economy. The areas of cooperation include human resources development, recognition of professional qualifications, closer consultation economic policies, enhanced infrastructure and communications connectivity, integrating industries for regional sourcing, and strengthening private sector involvement. Through
415-693: A cultural crossroads between East Asia and South Asia , located at critical junctions of the South China Sea as well as the Indian Ocean , and as a result received much influence from Islamic and Persian influences prior to the European colonial ages. Since around 100 BCE, the Southeast Asian archipelago occupied a central position at the crossroads of the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea trading routes, which stimulated
498-650: A diverse group of scholars from various disciplines across the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy. Amongst them, Visiting Professor Asit Biswas, founder of the Third World Centre for Water Management in Mexico and recipient of the 2006 Stockholm Water Prize; and Michael Howlett, editor-in-chief of Policy Sciences journal. The LKY School publishes a number of research papers, journals and books. Two flagship publications are: Policy and Society
581-539: A drug-free region, environment among others. The vision also aimed to "see an outward-looking ASEAN playing a pivotal role in the international fora, and advancing ASEAN's common interests". ASEAN Vision 2020 was formalized and made comprehensive through the Bali Concord II in 2003. Three major pillars of a single ASEAN community were established: Political-Security Community (APSC), Economic Community (AEC) and Socio-Cultural Community (ASCC). To fully embody
664-707: A member state has performed the AEC task or not. The more "yes" answers, the higher the score. Part of the work towards the ASEAN Economic Community is the integration of the energy systems of the ASEAN member states. The blueprint for this integration is provided by the ASEAN Plan of Action for Energy Cooperation (APAEC). APAEC is managed by the ASEAN Center for Energy. As trade is liberalized with
747-460: A methodology or approach to solving issues that respect Southeast Asia's cultural norms. Masilamani and Peterson summarise it as "a working process or style that is informal and personal. Policymakers constantly utilise compromise, consensus, and consultation in the informal decision-making process... it above all prioritises a consensus-based, non-conflictual way of addressing problems. Quiet diplomacy allows ASEAN leaders to communicate without bringing
830-416: A more sustainable world. Its Executive Education, the consultancy arm of the school, established also in 2010 provides short term training programs for over 2,000 senior professionals annually from over 90 countries worldwide. As of 2018, the school has over 2,800 alumni from over 90 countries. About 80 per cent of its student body consists of international students with the rest from Singapore. In 2019,
913-590: A prior European colony. Siam served as a convenient buffer state, sandwiched between British Burma and French Indochina, but its kings had to contend with unequal treaties as well as British and French political interference and territorial losses after the Franco-Siamese conflict of 1893 and the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909 . Under European colonization, Southeast Asian nations were introduced to European religions and technologies, as well as
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#1732782805490996-414: A region that is fully integrated into the global economy. Since 2007, ASEAN countries have gradually lowered their import duties to member states, with a target of zero import duties by 2016. ASEAN countries have many economic zones (industrial parks, eco-industrial parks, special economic zones, technology parks, and innovation districts) (see reference for comprehensive list from 2015). In 2018, eight of
1079-461: A variety of innovative approaches to managing global issues, including: transparency and information; the public roles of the private sector; and inter-governmental organisations. The energy governance programme examines the policies and institutions needed to bring about a shift to a more effective, efficient, and sustainable global energy system, with a focus on the role of Asia in shaping globalisation forces. The Institute of Policy Studies (IPS)
1162-440: Is 0.996 males per female, with 326.4 million males and 327.8 million females. An urban area, built-up area or urban agglomeration is a human settlement with a high population density and an infrastructure of built environment. Urban areas originate through urbanization, and researchers categorize them as cities, towns, conurbations or suburbs. The 20 largest metropolitan areas within ASEAN are as follows. The "ASEAN Way" refers to
1245-488: Is a rotating position, currently held by Laos . Recent ASEAN chairs are as follows: In response to pandemics, ASEAN has coordinated with ASEAN+3 and other actors to create a regional public health response. During the SARS outbreak , ASEAN and ASEAN+3 worked together to devise a response to the outbreak. Immediate and short-to-medium term measures were devised. The parties agreed to enhance sharing of best practices against
1328-416: Is a think-tank dedicated to fostering good governance in Singapore through strategic policy research. It focuses on Singapore's domestic developments and external relations taking a multidisciplinary approach with an emphasis on long-term strategic thinking. Established in 1988, IPS became an institute within the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy in 2008. The Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy established
1411-526: Is an affiliated institute of the Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness at Harvard University . The Centre on Asia and Globalisation (CAG) was established in 2006 to analyse the management of global issues and Asia's role in a rapidly changing and integrating world. Within this broad context, CAG has mapped out two initial areas of research: the mechanisms of global governance, and energy governance. The centre's research on global governance investigates
1494-638: Is an autonomous postgraduate school of the National University of Singapore (NUS), named after the late former Prime Minister of Singapore , Lee Kuan Yew . The Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy is an autonomous postgraduate school of the National University of Singapore (NUS). The QS World University Rankings (2024) ranked NUS 8th in the world and 1st in Asia. It was formally launched on 4 August 2004 and named in honour of Singapore's first and longest-serving prime minister. The school inherited
1577-542: Is appropriate in a given situation. Beginning in 1997, heads of each member state adopted the ASEAN Vision 2020 during the group's 30th anniversary meeting held in Kuala Lumpur . As a means for the realization of a single ASEAN community, this vision provides provisions on peace and stability, a nuclear-free region, closer economic integration, human development, sustainable development, cultural heritage, being
1660-707: Is based on the ASEAN Charter, the ASEAN Security Community Plan of Action, and the Vientiane Action Program. The APSC aims to create a sense of responsibility toward comprehensive security and a dynamic, outward-looking region in an increasingly integrated and interdependent world. The ASEAN Defense Industry Collaboration (ADIC) was proposed at the 4th ASEAN Defense Ministers' Meeting (ADMM) on 11 May 2010 in Hanoi . It has
1743-481: Is consolidating, integrating, and transforming itself into a community. It is achieved while ASEAN seeks a more vigorous role in Asian and global affairs at a time when the international system is experiencing a seismic shift". Referring to climate change and economic upheaval, he concluded: "Southeast Asia is no longer the bitterly divided, war-torn region it was in the 1960s and 1970s". The financial crisis of 2007–2008
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#17327828054901826-500: Is edited by faculty members Professors Michael Howlett and M Ramesh along with Professors Giliberto Capano (University of Bologna) and Darryl Jarvis (Hong Kong Institute of Education). It is a SSCI-listed journal that ranks 9th on the SCImago Journal Rankings (SJR Indicator) in the field of public administration. Global-is-Asian is the school's flagship digital platform focusing on policy issues affecting Asia and
1909-511: Is quite small, something that integration could address. The MARKET project would provide flexible and demand-driven support to the ASEAN Secretariat while bringing more private-sector and civil-society input into regional agriculture policy dialogue. By building an environment that reduces barriers to trade, ASEAN trade would increase, thereby decreasing the risk of food price crisis. The group sought economic integration by creating
1992-403: Is to achieve food security collectively via trade in rice and maize. Trade facilitation measures and the harmonization/equivalency of food regulation and control standards would reduce the cost of trade in food products. While specialization and revealed comparative and competitive indices point to complementarities between trade patterns among the member states, intra-ASEAN trade in agriculture
2075-562: The Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of Singapore . The journal's scope includes, but is not limited to, public policy , public management, international relations , international political economy , and economics. Each issue features scholarly submissions, case studies, book reviews, and commentaries. The journal was established in July 2007, featuring an editorial from Kishore Mahbubani , dean of
2158-762: The Latin alphabet . The Japanese Empire , in the vein of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere concept, sought to unite and create a pan-Asian identity against Western colonial occupation , but Japan's alliance with the Axis powers in World War II soured relations between many colonies of Europe and the United States. Defeat of Imperial Japan eventuated in decolonization movements throughout Southeast Asia, resulting in
2241-565: The Malay Archipelago . European colonialism influenced most ASEAN countries, including French Indochina (present-day Vietnam , Laos & Cambodia ), British Burma , Malaya and Borneo (present-day Myanmar , Malaysia & Singapore , and Brunei ), Dutch East Indies (present day Indonesia ), Spanish East Indies (present-day Philippines and various other colonies), and Portuguese Timor (present-day Timor-Leste ), with only Thailand (then Siam ) not formed from
2324-495: The 2020 banking integration. The reports point out that overcrowded banking sector in the Philippines is expected to feel the most pressure as the integration welcomes tighter competition with bigger and more established foreign banks. As a result, there needs to be a regional expansion by countries with a small banking sector to lessen the impact of the post-integration environment. In a follow-up report, S&P recently cited
2407-433: The AEC by the end of 2015 that established a single market . The average economic growth of member states from 1989 to 2009 was between 3.8% and 7%. This was greater than the average growth of APEC, which was 2.8%. The ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA), established on 28 January 1992, includes a Common Effective Preferential Tariff (CEPT) to promote the free flow of goods between member states. ASEAN had only six members when it
2490-677: The ASEAN Way's emphasis on consultation, consensus, and non-interference forces the organization to adopt only those policies which satisfy the lowest common denominator. Decision-making by consensus requires members to see eye-to-eye before ASEAN can move forward on an issue. Members may not have a common conception of the meaning of the ASEAN Way. Myanmar, Cambodia, and Laos emphasize non-interference while older member countries focus on co-operation and co-ordination. These differences hinder efforts to find common solutions to particular issues, but also make it difficult to determine when collective action
2573-669: The ASEAN identity, and narrowing the development gap. To track the progress of the AEC, a compliance tool called the AEC Scorecard was developed based on the EU Internal Market Scorecard. It is the only one in effect and is expected to serve as an unbiased assessment tool to measure the extent of integration and the economic health of the region. It is expected to provide relevant information about regional priorities, and thus foster productive, inclusive, and sustainable growth. It makes it possible to monitor
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2656-490: The ASEAN members are among the world's outperforming economies, with positive long-term prospect for the region. ASEAN's Secretariat projects that the regional body will grow to become the world's fourth largest economy by 2030. The ASEAN Centre for Energy publishes the ASEAN Energy Outlook every five years, analysing and promoting the integration of national energy systems across the region. The sixth edition
2739-503: The Asian Development Bank (ADB). The mission of the institute is to enhance understanding of the social and economic dimensions of water governance and contribute to improved water management in Asia. IWP undertakes independent research and engages in institutional and corporate partnerships to influence the discourse on water governance issues and make a difference in water governance and management. IWP brings together
2822-770: The Institute of Water Policy in June 2008 in partnership with the Singapore Public Utilities Board (PUB) and receives funding from the PUB and Singapore's Tote Board. The institute's research is also funded by many local partners including Sembcorp and Temasek Foundation; local and international government agencies such the National Environment Agency (NEA) and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA); and international organisations such as
2905-661: The Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy organised the Asia Thinker Series, a series of leadership events. This series of forums involving academic experts, policymakers and business leaders from Asia, focuses on key contemporary public policy issues and the emerging challenges of Asia's influence in the world. The series took place in Jakarta discussing "Indonesia in the Global Trade War: Impacts on Business, Global Trade and Investment". The topic of
2988-825: The Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, among full-length articles from graduate students in the UK, US, China, and Singapore. A printed version was started with the launch of the 5th issue by Kofi Annan in April 2009. LKY School hosts conferences and lectures for its students as well as the wider public. Visitors who have spoken at the school include former UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan, former UK Prime Minister Tony Blair, former Australia Prime Minister Kevin Rudd, Pulitzer prize-winning author Thomas Friedman, Nobel laureates Elinor Ostrom, Amartya Sen, Muhammad Yunus, Aung San Suu Kyi, and former US Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volcker. In 2019,
3071-909: The Lee Kuan Yew Senior Fellowship in Public Service Programme. Both MPP and MPA students may choose to pursue a double degree with NUS Business School (MBA) or NUS Law School (LLM). As a member of the Global Public Policy Network (GPPN), students from its MPP programme have the opportunity to enroll in a dual degree programme with either the School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University , London School of Economics , University of Tokyo . The LKY School has built up research expertise in four core areas principally, which are key areas of public policy challenges in Asia in
3154-450: The Philippines for "shoring up its network bases and building up capital ahead of the banking integration – playing defense and strengthening their domestic networks". The roadmap for financial integration is the latest regional initiative that aims to strengthen local self-help and support mechanisms. The roadmap's implementation would contribute to the realization of the AEC. Adoption of a common currency, when conditions are ripe, could be
3237-529: The Policy Programme that NUS had set up with Harvard Kennedy School in 1992. Today, the LKY School offers five master's degree programmes, a senior fellowship programme and a PhD programme, and has four research centres. The mission of the school is to 'be the leading global public policy school in Asia, developing thought leadership, improving standards of governance and transforming lives for
3320-855: The Raffles College, and later served as headquarters of Japanese Army during the Japanese occupation. The site became the campus for the Singapore Division of University of Malaya in 1949, then the University of Singapore in 1962, and the merged National University of Singapore (NUS) in 1980. After NUS moved its campus to Kent Ridge, the site served as the campus of the National Institute of Education and Singapore Management University (SMU), respectively. After SMU moved into their permanent campus at Bras Basah in 2005,
3403-658: The US, Germany, Russia, France, Italy, UK, China, South Korea, Israel, and the Netherlands are among the major suppliers to ASEAN. ASEAN defense budget rose by 147% from 2004 to 2013 and is expected to rise further in the future. Factors affecting the increase include economic growth, ageing equipment, and the plan to strengthen the establishment of the defense industry. ASEANAPOL is also established to enhance cooperation on law enforcement and crime control among police forces of member states. The ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community (ASCC)
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3486-759: The alumni relations team have given the LKYSPP Outstanding Alumni Award and LKYSPP Service Alumni Award through nomination. The LKY School is situated at the Bukit Timah campus together with the NUS Law Faculty, next to the Singapore Botanic Gardens . It is based primarily in the Manasseh Meyer and Oei Tiong Ham buildings. The NUS Bukit Timah campus was built in the 1920s in order to facilitate
3569-536: The campus was returned to NUS, and became the campus for NUS Law School and the LKY School in the following year. ASEAN The Association of Southeast Asian Nations , commonly abbreviated as ASEAN , is a political and economic union of 10 states in Southeast Asia . Together, its member states represent a population of more than 600 million people and land area of over 4.5 million km (1.7 million sq mi). The bloc generated
3652-633: The civilian-military coalition government of Myanmar, which had long discriminated against the Rohingya, and had launched the 2017 attacks upon them. On 1 February 2021, the day before a newly elected slate of civilian leaders was to take office in Myanmar, a military junta overthrew Myanmar's civilian government in a coup d'etat , declaring a national state of emergency , imposing martial law , arresting elected civilian leaders, violently clamping down on dissent, and replacing civilian government with
3735-728: The commission adopted the ASEAN Human Rights Declaration . However, their human rights declaration has been critiqued widely by the international community, with the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights stating that the declaration was worded in problematic ways that do not easily align with international norms. Likewise, the Human Rights Watch in the United States noted several important fundamental rights were omitted or not clearly established. The ASEAN chair
3818-448: The discussions into the public view. Members avoid the embarrassment that may lead to further conflict." It has been said that the merits of the ASEAN Way might "be usefully applied to global conflict management". However, critics have argued that such an approach can be only applied to Asian countries, to specific cultural norms and understandings notably, due to a difference in mindset and level of tension. Critics object, claiming that
3901-458: The disease while also agreeing to bolster collaboration between their respective health authorities and harmonize travel procedures to ensure that proper health screening would occur. In addition, China offered to contribute $ 1.2 million to the ASEAN SARS fund, made both to show that it was willing to cooperate with the rest of the region and make amends for its withholding of information during
3984-557: The economy and the influx of ideas. This included the introduction of abugida scripts to Southeast Asia as well as the Chinese script to Vietnam . Besides various indigenous scripts, various abugida Brahmic scripts were widespread in both continental and insular Southeast Asia. Historically, scripts such as Pallava , Kawi (from ancient Tamil script) and Rencong or Surat Ulu were used to write Old Malay , until they were replaced by Jawi during Islamic missionary missions in
4067-502: The enhancement of economic growth and living standards in the region. It serves as a regional repository of competitiveness information that enables analyses of long-term trends in economic policies and development. It conducts research to understand patterns of policy and economic development, and develops models that are applicable to different contexts. It also undertakes projects to assess current competitiveness of key economic clusters and provide policy inputs for enhancing growth. The ACI
4150-515: The final stage of the AEC. The roadmap identifies approaches and milestones in capital market development, capital account and financial services liberalization, and ASEAN currency cooperation. Capital market development entails promoting institutional capacity as well as the facilitation of greater cross-border collaboration, linkages, and harmonization between capital markets. Orderly capital account liberalization would be promoted with adequate safeguards against volatility and systemic risks. To expedite
4233-527: The free movement of skilled labor, goods, services and investment, ASEAN would rise globally as one market, thus increasing its competitiveness and opportunities for development. During the 14th ASEAN Summit, the group adopted the APSC Blueprint. This document is aimed at creating a robust political-security environment within ASEAN, with programs and activities outlined to establish the APSC by 2016. It
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#17327828054904316-478: The implementation of ASEAN agreements, and the achievement of milestones indicated in the AEC Strategic Schedule. The scorecard outlines specific actions that must be undertaken collectively and individually to establish AEC by 2015. To date, two official scorecards have been published, one in 2010, and the other in 2012. However, the scorecard is purely quantitative, as it only examines whether
4399-427: The importance of strengthening food security to maintain stability and prosperity in the region. As ASEAN moves towards AEC and beyond, food security would be an integral part of the community-building agenda. Strengthened food security is even more relevant in light of potentially severe risks from climate change with agriculture and fisheries being the most affected industries. Part of the aim of ASEAN integration
4482-540: The independent ASEAN states of today. On 15 December 2008, the member states met in Jakarta to launch the charter signed in November 2007, to move closer to "an EU -style community". The charter formally established ASEAN as a legal entity, aiming to create a single trade bloc for a region encompassing 500 million people. Indonesian president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono stated: "This is a momentous development when ASEAN
4565-618: The initial stages of the outbreak. ASEAN held a special meeting between ASEAN and ASEAN+3 health ministers on 8 May 2009, on responding to the H1N1 pandemic . At this meeting, it was agreed that hotlines would be established between public health authorities, joint response teams would be formed, and ongoing research efforts would be bolstered. Since 2017, political, military and ethnic affairs in Myanmar have posed unusual challenges for ASEAN, creating precedent-breaking situations and threatening
4648-426: The integration in 2015, the need arises for ASEAN banking institutions to accommodate and expand their services to an intra-ASEAN market. Experts, however, have already forecast a shaky economic transition, especially for smaller players in the banking and financial services industry. Two separate reports by Standard & Poor's (S&P) outline the challenges that ASEAN financial institutions face as they prepare for
4731-434: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=AJPA&oldid=932676600 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Asian Journal of Public Affairs The Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy ( LKY School )
4814-519: The local member states of ASEAN group achieved greater cohesion in the mid-1970s following a change in the balance of power after the fall of Saigon and the end of the Vietnam War in April 1975 and the decline of SEATO. ASEAN's first summit meeting, held in Bali , Indonesia , in 1976, resulted in an agreement on several industrial projects and the signing of a Treaty of Amity and Cooperation , and
4897-414: The member states had ratified it. It became fully effective on 21 June 2001 after the Philippines ratified it, effectively banning all nuclear weapons in the region. On 7 January 1984, Brunei became ASEAN's sixth member and on 28 July 1995, following the end of the Cold War , Vietnam joined as the seventh member. Laos and Myanmar (formerly Burma) joined two years later on 23 July 1997. Cambodia
4980-542: The member states. The concept revolves around education and capability-building programs to develop the skills and capabilities of the workforce, production of capital for defense products, and the provision of numerous services to address the security needs of each member state. It also aims to develop an intra-ASEAN defense trade. ADIC aims to establish a strong defense industry relying on the local capabilities of each member state and limit annual procurement from external original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). Countries like
5063-409: The military's appointees. Widespread protests and resistance erupted, and elements of the civilian leadership formed an underground " National Unity Government " (NUG). Global opposition to the coup emerged, and global pressure was brought on ASEAN to take action. There are currently two states seeking accession to ASEAN: East Timor and Papua New Guinea . As of 1 July 2019 ,
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#17327828054905146-416: The population of the ASEAN was about 655 million people (8.5% of the world population). In ASEAN in 2019, 55.2 million children were age 0–4 and 46.3 million people were older than 65. This corresponds to 8.4% and 7.1% of the total ASEAN population. The region's population growth is 1.1% per year. Thailand is the lowest at 0.2% per year, and Cambodia is the highest at 1.9% per year. ASEAN's sex ratio
5229-481: The process of financial services liberalization, ASEAN has agreed on a positive list modality and adopted milestones to facilitate negotiations. Currency cooperation would involve the exploration of possible currency arrangements, including an ASEAN currency payment system for trade in local goods to reduce the demand for US dollars and to help promote stability of regional currencies, such as by settling intra-ASEAN trade using regional currencies. Member states recognize
5312-418: The purpose, among others, to reduce defense imports from non-ASEAN countries by half and to further develop the defense industry in the region. It was formally adopted on the next ADMM on 19 May 2011, in Jakarta, Indonesia. The main focus is to industrially and technologically boost the security capability of ASEAN, consistent with the principles of flexibility and non-binding and voluntary participation among
5395-553: The region", and "to promote regional peace and stability through abiding respect for justice and the rule of law in the relationship among countries in the region and adherence to the principles of the United Nations Charter ." In recent years, the bloc has broadened its objectives beyond economic and social spheres. ASEAN engages with other supranational entities in the Asia-Pacific region and other parts of
5478-523: The region, as well as promoting regional peace, to collaborate on matters of shared interest, and to promote Southeast Asian studies and maintain close cooperation with existing international organisations. The creation of ASEAN was initially motivated by the desire to contain communism , which had taken a foothold in mainland Asia after World War II , with the formation of communist governments in North Korea , China, and Vietnam , accompanied by
5561-544: The school also published its revamped corporate video which promotes governance for the future as its main theme. The school is a full member of the Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs (APSIA), a group of schools of public policy, public administration, and international studies. The school offers five postgraduate degree programmes. They are: It also offers a PhD in Public Policy and
5644-490: The school in its admissions application process. The project won a gold award in Marketing Interactive's Loyalty and Engagement Awards in 2019. The Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy has over 3,600 alumni in more than 90 countries. The alumni have gone on to become government officials, diplomats and social entrepreneurs, across the public, private and non-profit sectors. There are 20 alumni chapters around
5727-594: The second forum in Bangkok revolved around "ASEAN and the New World Disorder: Thailand, seeking a new balance". The third Asia Thinker Series forum was to be held in Delhi, India, in November 2019. In 2018, the school's Thought leadership & Strategic Communications team Social Media team launched a Facebook Chatbot named Aranda. Aranda was named after the orchid, Aranda Lee Kuan Yew and serves
5810-425: The so-called communist "emergency" in British Malaya , and unrest in the recently decolonized Philippines . These events also encouraged the earlier formation of the South East Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), led by the United States , United Kingdom , and Australia , with several Southeast Asian partners in 1954 as an extension of "containment" policy, seeking to create an Eastern version of NATO . However,
5893-447: The three pillars as part of the 2015 integration, blueprints for APSC and ASCC were subsequently adopted in 2009 in Cha-am , Thailand. The ASEAN Community, initially planned to commence by 2020, was accelerated to begin by 31 December 2015. It was decided during the 12th ASEAN Summit in Cebu in 2007. The AEC aims to "implement economic integration initiatives" to create a single market for member states. The blueprint that serves as
5976-471: The traditions and unity of the group, and its global standing —with ASEAN responses indicating possible fundamental change in the nature of the organization. The Rohingya genocide erupting in Myanmar in August 2017—killing thousands of Rohingya people in Myanmar, driving most into neighboring Bangladesh , and continuing for months —created a global outcry demanding ASEAN take action against
6059-462: The world, including in Beijing, Shanghai, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, India, the United States and Europe. Alumni Award 2011 In 2011, NUS and LKYSPP awarded its inaugural Outstanding Alumni Award to H.E. Pushpanathan Sundram, Deputy Secretary-General of ASEAN for ASEAN Economic Community in recognition of his contributions in promoting good governance and public policy. In March 2018,
6142-461: The world. Backed by research and grounded in practitioners' experience, its content aims to shape global thinking and steer meaningful conversations on Asian policy issues, especially among policymakers and academics. The Asian Journal of Public Affairs is a biannual academic journal covering public affairs issues pertaining to Asia and the Oceania region. It is edited by graduate students from
6225-472: The world. It is a major partner of the UN , SCO , PA , GCC , MERCOSUR , CELAC , and ECO , It also hosts diplomatic missions throughout the world, maintaining a global network of relationships that is widely regarded as the central forum for cooperation in the region. Its success has become the driving force of some of the largest trade blocs in history, including APEC and RCEP . The predecessor of ASEAN
6308-453: The years and decades ahead. The four baskets of research focus are: The LKY School has four research centres, providing research on the latest developments in public policy. These are: The Asia Competitiveness Institute (ACI) was established in 2006 to build the intellectual leadership and network for understanding and developing competitiveness in the ASEAN region. ACI seeks to contribute to
6391-552: Was also adopted during the 14th ASEAN Summit. It envisions an "ASEAN Community that is people-centered and socially responsible with a view to achieving enduring solidarity and unity among the countries and peoples of ASEAN by forging a common identity and building a caring and sharing society which is inclusive and harmonious where the well-being, livelihood, and welfare of the peoples are enhanced". Among its focus areas include human development, social welfare and protection, social justice and rights, environmental sustainability, building
6474-430: Was published in 2020. ASEAN planned to establish a single market based upon the four freedoms by the end of 2015, with the goal of ensuring free flow of goods, services, skilled labour, and capital. The ASEAN Economic Community was formed in 2015, but the group deferred about 20% of the harmonization provisions needed to create a common market and set a new deadline of 2025. Until the end of 2010, intra-ASEAN trade
6557-630: Was seen as a threat to the charter's goals, and also set forth the idea of a proposed human rights body to be discussed at a future summit in February 2009. This proposition caused controversy, as the body would not have the power to impose sanctions or punish countries which violated citizens' rights and would, therefore, be limited in effectiveness. The body was established later in 2009 as the ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR). In November 2012,
6640-444: Was signed. The new member states (Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, and Cambodia) have not fully met AFTA's obligations, but are officially considered part of the agreement as they were required to sign it upon entry into ASEAN, and were given longer time frames to meet AFTA's tariff reduction obligations. The next steps are to create a single market and production base, a competitive economic region, a region of equitable economic development, and
6723-576: Was still low as trade involved mainly exports to countries outside the region, with the exception of Laos and Myanmar, whose foreign trade was ASEAN-oriented. In 2009, realised foreign direct investment (FDI) was US$ 37.9 billion and increased two-fold in 2010 to US$ 75.8 billion. 22% of FDI came from the European Union , followed by ASEAN countries (16%), and by Japan and the United States. The ASEAN Framework Agreement on Trade in Services (AFAS)
6806-674: Was the Association of Southeast Asia (ASA), formed on 31 July 1961 and consisting of Thailand , the Philippines , and Malaya . ASEAN itself was created on 8 August 1967, when the foreign ministers of five countries— Indonesia , Malaysia , the Philippines , Singapore , and Thailand —signed the ASEAN Declaration . According to the Declaration, ASEAN aims to accelerate economic, social, and cultural development in
6889-618: Was to join at the same time as Laos and Myanmar , but a Cambodian coup in 1997 and other internal instability delayed its entry. It then joined on 30 April 1999 following the stabilization of its government. In 2006, ASEAN was given observer status at the United Nations General Assembly . In response, the organization awarded the status of "dialogue partner" to the UN. Besides their close geographic proximity, political scholars consider Southeast Asian nations
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