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23-552: ASSR may refer to: Politics Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics of the Soviet Union Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic , now Armenia (generally abbreviated ArmSSR ) Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic , now Azerbaijan (generally abbreviated AzSSR ) Others Akademikerförbundet SSR , a Swedish trade union of professional workers Auditory steady-state response,

46-432: A steady-state evoked potential of the brainstem in response to auditory stimuli Archivio storico del Senato della Repubblica , Italian parliamentary archive (generally abbreviated ASSR ) Archives de sciences sociales des religions , a French academic journal about religion (generally abbreviated ASSR ) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

69-619: A Karachay, won the election over Stanislav Derev , a Circassian, there were protests by supporters of Derev, with widespread allegations of fraud. A court ruling later upheld the election result, prompting thousands of Derev's supporters to march in protest, many advocating the partitioning of the republic. Although activity by separatists in the region pales compared to Chechnya and Dagestan, militant groups exist in Karachay-Cherkessia. A car bomb that killed two people in March 2001

92-484: Is located at the slopes of northwestern Caucasus and borders with Krasnodar Krai in the west and northwest, the Kabardino-Balkar Republic in the southeast, Georgia (including Abkhazia ) in the south and west, and with Stavropol Krai in the northeast. It stretches for 140 kilometers (87 mi) from north to south and for 170 kilometers (110 mi) from east to west. Mountains cover 80% of

115-407: Is moderate, with short winters and long, warm, humid summers. The average January temperature is −3.2 °C (26.2 °F), and the average July temperature is +20.6 °C (69.1 °F). Average annual precipitation varies from 550 millimeters (22 in) in the plains to 2,500 millimeters (98 in) in the mountains. Natural resources include gold, coal, clays, and more. Karachay-Cherkessia

138-591: Is the only region in the North Caucasian Federal District that does not have an airport. The Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast was founded on January 12, 1922, in the early years of the Soviet Union. It was split into Karachay Autonomous Oblast and Cherkess National Okrug on 26 April 1926. The Cherkess National District was elevated to an autonomous oblast status on 30 April 1928. In November 1943, Karachay Autonomous Oblast

161-406: The 2021 Census , Karachays make up 44.4% of the republic's population, followed by Russians (27.5%), and Cherkess and Abazins together make up 20.8%. 13,496 Kabardins and 2,690 other Cherkess . 6,597 people were registered from administrative databases, and could not declare an ethnicity. It is estimated that the proportion of ethnicities in this group is the same as that of

184-590: The Caucasus Mountains , except for a small strip at the northern edge of the Don Steppe . Karachay-Cherkessia is bordered by Krasnodar Krai to the west, Stavropol Krai to the north-east, Kabardino-Balkaria to the south-east, and an international border with Georgia to the south-west. Mount Elbrus , the highest mountain in Europe , is located on the border with Kabardino-Balkaria. The republic

207-514: The Cherkess or Circassian people. Karachays form the largest ethnic group at around 44% of the population, followed by ethnic Russians (27%) and Cherkess (13%). The Cherkess are mostly of the Besleney and Kabardin tribes. The republic has five official languages: Russian , Abaza , Cherkess (Kabardian) , Karachay-Balkar , and Nogai . The majority of the republic's territory is within

230-675: The Karachay-Cherkess Republic , is a republic of Russia located in the North Caucasus . It is administratively part of the North Caucasian Federal District . As of the 2021 census, Karachay-Cherkessia has a population of 469,865. Cherkessk is the largest city and the capital of the republic. Karachay-Cherkessia is one of Russia's ethnic republics, primarily representing the indigenous Caucasian-Turkic Karachay people and

253-707: The seceding union republic , as well as to raise the issue of their state-legal status. The 1978 Constitution of the RSFSR recognized sixteen autonomous republics within the RSFSR. Their status as of October 2007 within the Russian Federation is given in parentheses: Gorno-Altai Autonomous Oblast (now Altai Republic ), Adyghe Autonomous Oblast (now Republic of Adygea ), Karachay–Cherkess Autonomous Oblast (now Karachay–Cherkess Republic ) and Khakassian Autonomous Oblast (now Republic of Khakassia ) were all promoted in status to that of an ASSR in 1991, in

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276-781: The Karachay-Cherkess Republic. The head of the government in Karachay-Cherkessia is the Head (until June 28, 2012, the official title was "President"). Until February 2011, the President was Boris Ebzeyev , a former judge of the Constitutional Court of Russian Federation. Rashid Temrezov is currently the Head of the republic. Ethnic tension is a considerable problem in the republic. In May 1999, Karachay-Cherkessia conducted its first-ever free regional presidential election. When Vladimir Semyonov ,

299-465: The Russian Federation. A commission on formation of three autonomous regions – Karachai, Cherkess, and Batalpashinsk – was established in the Supreme Soviet. On March 28, 1992, a referendum was held in which, according to official results, the majority of the population of Karachay-Cherkessia voted against splitting the republic and, on December 9, 1992, the republic was recognized as

322-820: The Soviet Union In the Russian SFSR , for example, Chairmen of the Government of the ASSRs were officially members of the Government of the RSFSR . Unlike the union republics, the autonomous republics only had the right to disaffiliate themselves from the Union when the union republic containing them did so, as well as to choose to stay with the Union separately from them. The level of political, administrative and cultural autonomy they enjoyed varied with time—it

345-632: The declared group. According to a 2012 survey which interviewed 56,900 people, 64% of the population of Karachay-Cherkessia adheres to Islam , 13% to the Russian Orthodox Church , 2% to the Karachay and Circassian native faith, 2% are unaffiliated Christians , unchurched Orthodox Christian believers or members of non-Russian Orthodox churches. In addition, 10% of the population declares to be "spiritual but not religious", 3% are atheist , and 6% are other/undeclared. The republic

368-1832: The last year of the Soviet Union. Only the Jewish Autonomous Oblast retained its autonomous oblast status in Russia. Other autonomous republics also existed within RSFSR at earlier points of the Soviet history: 1918–24   Turkestan 1918–41   Volga German 1919–90   Bashkir 1920–25   Kirghiz 1920–90   Tatar 1921–91   Adjarian 1921–45   Crimean 1921–91   Dagestan 1921–24   Mountain 1921–90   Nakhichevan 1922–91   Yakut 1923–90   Buryat 1923–40   Karelian 1924–40   Moldavian 1924–29   Tajik 1925–92   Chuvash 1925–36   Kazakh 1926–36   Kirghiz 1931–92   Abkhaz 1932–92   Karakalpak 1934–90   Mordovian 1934–90   Udmurt 1935–43   Kalmyk 1936–44   Checheno-Ingush 1936–44   Kabardino-Balkarian 1936–90   Komi 1936–90   Mari 1936–90   North Ossetian 1944–57   Kabardin 1956–91   Karelian 1957–92   Checheno-Ingush 1957–91   Kabardino-Balkarian 1958–90   Kalmyk 1961–92   Tuvan 1990–91   Gorno-Altai 1991–92   Crimean Karachay%E2%80%93Cherkess Republic Surviving Destroyed or barely existing Karachay-Cherkessia ( Russian : Карачаево-Черкесия , romanized :  Karachayevo-Cherkesiya ), officially

391-634: The recognition of the individual republics. Also in December 1991, the words "Autonomous Soviet Socialist" were dropped from the official name of Karachay-Cherkessia. In January 1992, Russian President Boris Yeltsin was prepared to accept the division of Karachay-Cherkessia and introduced draft laws to the Supreme Soviet of Russia for the reconstitution of the Karachai Autonomous Oblast and Cherkess Autonomous Oblast within

414-525: The rehabilitation of the Karachay. On July 3, 1991, the autonomous oblast was elevated to the status of the Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of Karachay-Cherkessia (under the jurisdiction of the Russian SFSR ). With the dissolution of the Soviet Union , congresses of deputies of various nationalities proclaimed: After demonstrations in December 1991, the Supreme Soviet of Karachay-Cherkessia adopted an appeal for

437-585: The republic's territory; Mount Elbrus , which at 5,642 meters (18,510 ft) is the highest peak in the Caucasus, is located on the republic's border with Kabardino-Balkaria. The republic is rich in water resources . A total of 172 rivers flow through its territory, with the largest one being the Kuban , Bolshoy Zelenchuk , Maly Zelenchuk , Urup , and Laba . There are about 130 mountain lakes of glacial origin and an abundance of mineral springs. Climate

460-465: The title ASSR . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ASSR&oldid=1235454147 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics of

483-685: Was abolished, the Karachay people were accused of collaboration with the Nazis and 70,000 were subsequently deported to the Kazakh and Uzbek republics. Most of the Karachay territory was split between Stavropol Krai and the Georgian SSR . The remaining territory populated by the Cherkessians was known as Cherkess Autonomous Oblast until 9 January 1957 when it was incorporated into Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast in its former borders due to

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506-782: Was blamed on Chechen separatists. Muslim separatist groups have formed, and dozens of their members have been killed by the Russian authorities. In September 2007, the FSB killed ethnic Abazin Rustam Ionov ("Abu-Bakar"), head of the Karachaevo Jamaat (assembly), along with his wife. Population : 469,865 ( 2021 Census ) ; 477,859 ( 2010 Census ) ; 439,470 ( 2002 Census ) ; 417,560 ( 1989 Soviet census ) . Life expectancy : Sources: 1970 to 2008; 2009–2013; 2014–... According to

529-532: Was most substantial in the 1920s ( Korenizatsiya ), the 1950s after the death of Joseph Stalin , and in the Brezhnev Era . According to the constitution of the USSR , in case of a union republic voting on leaving the Soviet Union, autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and autonomous okrugs had the right, by means of a referendum , to independently resolve whether they will stay in the USSR or leave with

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