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50-642: The American Motor Vehicle Company was founded in Lafayette, Indiana in 1916. It manufactured pedal cars and built the Auto Red Bug and American Junior automobile models 1916 and 1920. This article about an automotive industry corporation or company is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Indiana -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Lafayette, Indiana Lafayette ( / ˌ l ɑː f i ˈ ɛ t , ˌ l æ f -/ LA(H)F -ee- ET )

100-464: A Combined Statistical Area that includes the Lafayette metropolitan area ( Benton , Carroll , and Tippecanoe counties) and the Frankfort micropolitan area ( Clinton County ), which had a combined population of 212,408 at the 2000 United States Census . As of the 2010 United States Census , there were 67,140 people, 28,545 households, and 15,863 families in the city. The population density

150-703: A high of 86 °F (30 °C) in July, although a record low of −33 °F (−36 °C) was recorded in January 1985 and again in January 1994; and a record high of 105 °F (41 °C) was recorded in June 1988. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 1.58 inches (40 mm) in February to 4.24 inches (108 mm) in June. Lafayette is the larger principal city of the Lafayette-Frankfort CSA ,

200-647: Is 42 miles (68 km) long. Legally referred to as the Cross Cut Canal. This created a link to the Central Canal and a route to Evansville. Since no other section of the Cross Cut Canal was contemplated nor built, it is considered historically to be part of the Wabash and Erie Canal. The canal had to overcome the 78 feet (24 m) at the summit. Water was supplied by the Eel River Feeder,

250-495: Is a city in and is the county seat of Tippecanoe County, Indiana , United States, located 63 miles (101 km) northwest of Indianapolis and 125 miles (201 km) southeast of Chicago . According to the 2020 census , the population of Lafayette was 70,783. West Lafayette , on the other side of the Wabash River , is home to Purdue University , which contributes significantly to both communities. Together, they form

300-489: Is included in an Indiana State Museum Exhibit. Wabash and Erie Canal, America's longest at approximately 460 miles (740 km), linked Lake Erie at Toledo, Ohio with Ohio River at Evansville 1853." After the lock was moved to the Indiana State Museum in 1992, a historical marker was placed at its location (just east of the interchange of I-469 and US-24) . At the same time that the lock was discovered, it

350-406: Is signed as being crossed by Interstate 64 at the milepost 32 crossing over Pigeon Creek. Travel along the canal was accomplished by canal packets. There were freight and passenger packets. The passenger packet consisted of a series of rooms along the length. Towards the front was the main saloon. Here meals were taken. This room was converted into a men's dorm for sleeping. The ladies saloon

400-630: Is the Purdue University Airport (LAF) in West Lafayette. Amtrak , the national passenger rail system, provides passenger rail service to Lafayette through the Cardinal to Chicago , Washington D.C. , and New York City . Norfolk Southern ; CSX ; Kankakee, Beaverville and Southern Railroad ; and Toledo, Peoria and Western Railway ( RailAmerica ) provide freight rail service. Many lines that originally passed through

450-510: The Miami and Erie Canal from the Maumee River near Toledo, Ohio , to Junction, Ohio , the original Wabash and Erie Canal from Junction to Terre Haute, Indiana , the Cross Cut Canal from Terre Haute, Indiana, to Worthington, Indiana (Point Commerce), and the Central Canal from Worthington to Evansville, Indiana . The United States Congress provided a land grant on March 2, 1827, for

500-639: The Wabash River . Here, the canal crossed 5 miles to the Little Wabash River and headed downstream through Indiana. Since this was the highest point on the canal (i.e., the summit), Fort Wayne became known as the "Summit City." Located along this section is the Vermilyea Inn Historic District . Roanoke – Lock 4 (originally Lock 1) was built between 1834-1835 and is found between the intersections of U.S. 24 & 2nd Street and U.S. 24 & 1st Street. Parts of

550-603: The 1840s stimulated trade and affirmed Lafayette's regional prominence. Railroads arrived in the town in the 1850s, connecting it with other major markets. The Monon Railroad connected Lafayette with other sections of Indiana. Lafayette was the site of the first official airmail delivery in the United States on 17 August 1859, when John Wise piloted a balloon starting on the Lafayette courthouse grounds. Wise hoped to reach New York ; however, weather conditions forced

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600-506: The Birch Creek Reservoir and Splunge Creek Reservoir. Work started in 1836 but abandoned in 1839. The project was completed in 1850, serving the Wabash and Erie Canal system until 1861. The Cross Cut Canal is considered to be part of the Wabash & Erie Canal System. Eel River Feeder Dam is 180 feet (55 m) long and 16.5 feet (5.0 m) high. It was completed in 1839. It was constructed to carry enough water from

650-542: The Lafayette market . With the 2017 launch of WPBY-LD , local broadcasts of all "big four" networks became available. Lafayette also remains one of few television markets without its own PBS station, the market being served by WFYI in Indianapolis . WRTV , WTHR , WTTV , and WXIN , the respective ABC, NBC, CBS, and Fox affiliates in Indianapolis which had been carried by cable and satellite providers in

700-506: The Lafayette market as "out-of-market" stations , remain viewable in the area via a large over-the-air antenna or, in some cases, via a subscription satellite or streaming service . Cable provider Comcast Xfinity discontinued its remaining carriage of Indianapolis-based "big four" stations on March 7, 2018, but resumed carriage of WTHR and WRTV two days later. No airports are located within Lafayette city limits. The nearest commercial airport which currently has scheduled airline service

750-720: The Miami and Erie Canal crossed the Maumee River and turned south up the Auglaize River . At Junction, Ohio , a split occurred. Southward, the Miami and Erie Canal continued to the divide with the Great Miami and eventually the Ohio River at Cincinnati. Meanwhile, the Wabash & Erie Canal continued west along the Maumee River to the portage at Fort Wayne, Indiana. Gronauer Lock No 2 "Wabash and Erie Canal lock

800-577: The Tippecanoe County Public Library: The government consists of a mayor – elected in a citywide vote – and a city council of nine members. Six are elected from individual districts; three are elected at-large. K-12 public education in Lafayette is provided by the Lafayette School Corporation . The Tippecanoe School Corporation also administers county schools nearby. New Community School

850-601: The Wabash Canal made its last docking in 1874 in Huntington, Indiana ; other sections shut down years earlier. In 1887, Paulding County, Ohio , residents put the final nail in the canal system's coffin: unhappy with mosquitoes breeding in the stagnant waters of Six Mile Reservoir, they cut the dike and drained it in the Reservoir war . There were several other "reservoir wars" during the canal's colorful history over

900-822: The West fork of the White and Patoka Rivers until reaching the Ohio River in Evansville , using Pigeon Creek . The Miami and Erie Canal runs from Toledo to Cincinnati . The route as far as the Napoleon Bend was used by the Wabash & Erie Canal to reach Lake Erie . The joint route includes the following towns and cities. Toledo, Bend View Metro park (towpath), Side Cut Metro park (towpath & 3 of 6 locks). Providence (operating canal section). Maumee, Waterville, Providence/Grand Rapids (locks and other canal features), Independence. Defiance At Defiance ,

950-425: The age of 18 living with them, 36.7% were married couples living together, 13.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 44.4% were non-families. 34.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 3.00. The median age in

1000-476: The arch culvert can still be seen in the creek Huntington – intersection of North Jefferson Street and East Washington on North Jefferson Street Canal Landing on Washington Street – The Huntington Landing started 120 feet (37 m) west on Washington St and continued to the lock at Cherry St. The Wabash & Erie canal was 4 feet (1.2 m) deep and 100 feet (30 m) wide as this point. Other locks were at First St. and Byron St. The Canal

1050-402: The average family size was 2.98. The city population contained 23.2% under the age of 18; 14.2% from 18 to 24; 31.3% from 25 to 44; 19.3% from 45 to 64; and 12.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.3 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 35,859, and

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1100-842: The balloon down near Crawfordsville, Indiana , and the mail reached its final destination by train. In 1959, the US Postal Service issued a 7¢ airmail stamp commemorating the centennial of the event. Lafayette is located in Fairfield and Wea Townships. According to the 2010 census, Lafayette has a total area of 27.74 square miles (71.85 km ), all land. Neighborhoods include: Historic neighborhoods include Ninth Street Hill Neighborhood Historic District and Upper Main Street Historic District . In recent years, temperatures in Lafayette have ranged from an average low of 17 °F (−8 °C) in January to

1150-545: The banks of the canal in Delphi, Indiana. The interpretive center includes a model canal with a miniature reservoir, aqueduct, lock, and gristmill. The model canal boat Gen. Grant shows the type of boats that carried freight on the canal during its final years of full-scale operation from the 1860s to 1874. The visitor center was opened in 2003. The interpretive center is operated by the Wabash & Erie Canal Association ,

1200-491: The canal was not economically viable. Even when canal boats were operated at extremely slow speeds, the banks rapidly eroded, and the canal had to be constantly dredged to be operable. Terre Haute , Indiana, housed the headquarters of the canal from 1847 through 1876, when the canal lands were sold at an auction conducted by resident trustee Thomas Dowling at the Vigo County Courthouse . The last canalboat on

1250-479: The canal's construction. On January 5, 1828, the Indiana General Assembly accepted the grant and appointed three commissioners. These commissioners concluded that the canal would have to extend into Ohio and petitioned that state to appoint a commission of their own. The state legislature approved the plan and new commissioners appointed. After several legislative battles begun by proponents of

1300-409: The city was 31.9 years. 23.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 12.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 29.9% were from 25 to 44; 22.2% were from 45 to 64, and 11.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.7% male and 51.3% female. As of the 2000 United States Census , there were 56,397 people, 24,060 households, and 13,666 families in the city. The population density

1350-591: The core of the Lafayette metropolitan area , which had a population of 235,066 in 2020. Lafayette was founded in 1825 on the southeast bank of the Wabash River near where the river becomes impassable for riverboats upstream, though a French fort and trading post had existed since 1717 on the opposite bank and three miles downstream. It was named for the French general Marquis de Lafayette , a Revolutionary War hero. When European explorers arrived at this area, it

1400-419: The downtown were redirected in the mid-1990s to a rail corridor near the Wabash River. For notable people associated with Purdue University , see List of Purdue University people . Lafayette has two sister cities as designated by Sister Cities International . Wabash and Erie Canal The canal known as the Wabash & Erie in the 1850s and thereafter, was actually a combination of four canals:

1450-419: The headwaters at Fort Wayne, Indiana . From here, it follows the historic Indian portage to the Wabash River . Following the Wabash River, again on its north side, this is now the right bank. The canal heads downstream to Delphi. At this location, it crosses to the left bank (eastside). Continuing down the Wabash to Terre Haute , the canal turns southeast from the Wabash, using several other riverways, including

1500-511: The left bank (southside). A dam was built across the Wabash River at Pitts to create a slack water area to allow the boats to cross the river without an aqueduct. The Wabash & Erie Canal Interpretive Center, a re-watered section of the canal, working canal boat, bridge, and mill site welcome visitors. Lafayette , Attica , Fountain County , Covington , Montezuma , Terre Haute Eel River Section Between Terre Haute and Worthington,

1550-404: The median income for a family was $ 45,480. Males had a median income of $ 32,892 versus $ 23,049 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 19,217. About 8.0% of families and 12.1% of the population were below the poverty line , including 15.8% of those under age 18 and 4.6% of those age 65 or over. Companies located in Lafayette include: The Lafayette area has four branch locations of

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1600-505: The new railway quite convenient for passengers and many businesses. The canal from Napoleon to Toledo was paved over to make U.S. Route 24 . The Wabash & Erie Canal travels 497 miles (800 km) from Toledo, Ohio , on Lake Erie to Evansville, Indiana , on the Ohio River . Its route takes it along the left bank or north side of the Maumee River from Toledo to the south side right bank near Defiance, Ohio, and eventually to

1650-421: The population. There were 24,060 households, out of which 27.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them; 42.5% were married couples living together; 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present; and 43.2% were non-families. 33.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 individuals and

1700-506: The railroad, the Indiana General Assembly approved the borrowing of $ 200,000 to begin construction. On February 22, 1832, ground was broken and construction began. Construction of the canal reached Logansport by 1837. The Panic of 1837 devastated Indiana's program of internal improvements , but did not stop construction entirely. The canal reached Lafayette by 1843, Terre Haute by 1848 and Evansville by 1853. During

1750-602: The river to enable navigation of boats on the proposed Crosscut Canal. The feeder dam was repaired and extended in 1850 to be 264 feet (80 m) long. Riley , Worthington From Newberry south, the W&;E Canal followed the route of the Central Canal. The Central Canal was planned from Logansport, through Indianapolis and south to Evansville. Only the section from Newberry south and a few miles in Indianapolis were built. Newberry, Edwardsport, Petersburg, Francisco ( Pigeon Creek section begins), Evansville, Indiana . The canal

1800-665: The same issue, including the Clay County Canal War in Indiana . The right-of-way through Fort Wayne was purchased by the New York, Chicago and Lake Erie Railway (the Nickel Plate Road ) which ran from Buffalo to Chicago. This allowed the railway to run straight through the heart of a major midwestern city without razing a single home. The canal right-of-way was also directly adjacent to downtown, which made

1850-553: The summer of 1991, the Gronauer Lock was uncovered at New Haven, Indiana , during the construction of I-469 . This is the only intact wooden timber lock discovered. Part of the Gronauer Lock is now on display at the Indiana State Museum . The high-line sections of the canal proved to be high maintenance and the cost of their repair is what eventually led to the collapse of the canal company. The worst offender

1900-562: Was platted in May 1825 by William Digby, a trader. It was designated as the county seat of the newly formed Tippecanoe County the following year. Like many frontier towns, Lafayette was named for General Lafayette , a French officer who significantly aided George Washington 's Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War . Lafayette toured the United States in 1824 and 1825. In its earliest days, Lafayette

1950-463: Was 2,420.3 inhabitants per square mile (934.5/km ). There were 31,260 housing units at an average density of 1,126.9 units per square mile (435.1 units/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 74.2% White , 11.2% African American , 0.4% Native American , 1% Asian , 0.0% from other races , and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 16.3% of the population. There were 28,545 households, of which 29.4% had children under

2000-416: Was 2,806.5 inhabitants per square mile (1,083.6/km ). There were 25,602 housing units at an average density of 1,274.1 units per square mile (491.9 units/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 88.91% White ; 3.22% African American ; 0.37% Native American ; 1.22% Asian ; 0.04% Pacific Islander ; 4.61% from other races , and 1.62% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.11% of

2050-499: Was a shipping center on the Wabash River. In 1838, Henry Leavitt Ellsworth , the first United States Patent Commissioner, published a booklet titled Valley of the Upper Wabash, Indiana, with Hints on Its Agricultural Advantages, to promote settlement of the region. By 1845, Ellsworth had purchased 93,000 acres (380 km ) of farmland around Lafayette and moved there from Connecticut to supervise land sales. By 1847 Ellsworth

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2100-601: Was a tuition-free elementary charter school (sponsored by Ball State University ) located on the north side of Lafayette; it closed in 2016. Beacon Academy was a charter school operated by the Lafayette School Corporation in West Lafayette; it closed in 2018. Elementary Middle School Junior/High School K-12 From 1953 until the 2016 launch of WPBI-LD , WLFI-TV had been the only "Big Three" ( ABC , CBS and NBC —or, including Fox , "big four") commercial network television broadcaster in

2150-457: Was also revealed that a property located on the opposite side of the interchange was used by the keeper of the lock. In light of INDOT 's plans to renovate the I-469 and US-24 interchange, the historical marker has been removed from the location, and most all of the buildings on the lock-keeper's property have been demolished. Fort Wayne is located at an old portage between the Maumee River and

2200-486: Was built of stone on this site by General John Tipton in 1835. Standing on the bank of the Wabash and Erie Canal, it was a commercial, political and social center. From 1862 to 1872 it housed one of the first public schools and was destroyed in 1873. Forks of the Wabash Park (Museum), Richvalley , Peru , Logansport , Delphi , In Delphi, the canal crossed the Wabash from the right bank (northside) to

2250-436: Was completed from Fort Wayne to Huntington on July 3, 1835, and from Toledo to Evansville, 459 miles (739 km), in 1854. The Canal preceded the railroad to Huntington by 20 years, spurring early settlement. The Canal was abandoned in 1873. Rook House – at the intersection of East Park Drive (U.S. 224) and Warren on East Park Drive. located on the south wall of the building. The first permanent hotel of Huntington

2300-512: Was discovered here June 1991 during excavation for highway construction. It was built 1838–1840 by Henry Lotz and named for lock keeper Joseph Gronauer. The rare, well-preserved timber-frame design lock measured 115 by 40 feet (35 by 12 m); lock chamber was 90 by 15 feet (27.4 by 4.6 m); two-thirds of the total structure was excavated and removed." "Numerous artifacts and 750 pieces of timber were recovered. After extensive preservation treatment, approximately 5 percent of total lock structure

2350-688: Was distributing broadsides looking for farmers to purchase his farmland. He became president of the Tippecanoe County Agricultural Society in April 1851 – despite some local resentment over what was called "the Yale Crowd" – but he was defeated the same year when he ran for the Indiana House of Representatives . Ellsworth Street and Ellsworth Historic District are named for him. The Wabash and Erie Canal in

2400-550: Was inhabited by a tribe of Miami Native Americans known as the Ouiatenon or Weas . In 1717, the French government established Fort Ouiatenon across the Wabash River and three miles (4.8 km) south of present-day Lafayette. The fort became the center of trade for fur trappers, merchants and Indians. An annual reenactment and festival known as Feast of the Hunters' Moon is held there each autumn. The town of Lafayette

2450-405: Was the common muskrat which were plentiful in the area. They would build burrows in the sides of the canal walls and once they tunneled through on the opposite side the water quickly washed out the entire wall of the levee which rendered the canal useless until it could be repaired. The canal began operation in the summer of 1843. It only operated for about a decade before it became apparent that

2500-401: Was towards the back of the boat. It was the women's sleeping dorm at night. Packets were pulled by three horses, oxen, or a mixture of oxen and horses. The most common problems identified in journals of that time were, heat, mosquitoes, and the close proximity to the other passengers. The Wabash & Erie Canal Interpretive Center is an interpretive center and open-air village located on

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