In computing , an array of structures (AoS) , structure of arrays (SoA) or array of structures of arrays (AoSoA) are contrasting ways to arrange a sequence of records in memory , with regard to interleaving , and are of interest in SIMD and SIMT programming.
30-803: (Redirected from Aos ) [REDACTED] Look up aos in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. AOS , Aos or AoS may refer to: Military, police and government [ edit ] Armed Offenders Squad , a branch of the New Zealand Police Armed Offenders Squad (Victoria) , a disbanded branch of the Victorian Police in Australia Amook Bay Seaplane Base (IATA code AOS) Adjustment of status , an immigration concept in
60-457: A record (or 'struct' in the C programming language ) into one parallel array per field . The motivation is easier manipulation with packed SIMD instructions in most instruction set architectures , since a single SIMD register can load homogeneous data , possibly transferred by a wide internal datapath (e.g. 128-bit ). If only a specific part of the record is needed, only those parts need to be iterated over, allowing more data to fit onto
90-541: A cacheline ). The tiled storage of AoSoA aligns the memory access pattern to the requests' fixed width, leading to fewer access operations to complete a memory request and thus increasing the efficiency. For example, to store N points in 3D space using an array of structures of arrays with a SIMD register width of 8 floats (or 8×32 = 256 bits): A different width may be needed depending on the actual SIMD register width. The interior arrays may be replaced with SIMD types such as float32x8 for languages with such support. It
120-540: A choice when considering 3D or 4D vector data on machines with four-lane SIMD hardware. SIMD ISAs are usually designed for homogeneous data, however some provide a dot product instruction and additional permutes, making the AoS case easier to handle. Although most GPU hardware has moved away from 4D instructions to scalar SIMT pipelines, modern compute kernels using SoA instead of AoS can still give better performance due to memory coalescing. Most languages support
150-587: A game for the Game Boy Advance "AOS" (song) , 1970, by Yoko Ono, featuring Ornette Coleman All-Out Sundays , a Philippine GMA Network Sunday variety show Warhammer Age of Sigmar , a tabletop wargame Technology [ edit ] Academic Operating System , a version of 4.3 BSD Unix for the IBM RT Algebraic operating system , an input method used on many Texas Instruments calculators AmigaOS Apple Online Store ,
180-528: A high school STEM program in Loudoun County, Virginia Science and academia [ edit ] Accessory olfactory system , a second sense of smell in some animals Accounting, Organizations and Society , an academic journal Acquisition of signal , in spacecraft communications Agricultural Ontology Service American Oriental Society , a learned society American Ornithological Society Angle of sideslip Apraxia of speech ,
210-562: A single cache line. The downside is requiring more cache ways when traversing data, and inefficient indexed addressing . For example, to store N points in 3D space using a structure of arrays: Array of structures ( AoS ) is the opposite (and more conventional) layout, in which data for different fields is interleaved. This is often more intuitive, and supported directly by most programming languages . For example, to store N points in 3D space using an array of structures: Array of structures of arrays ( AoSoA ) or tiled array of structs
240-721: A speech sound disorder Area of Search , a geographical region used in the selection of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in the UK Adams–Oliver syndrome , a congenital disorder Popular culture [ edit ] Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , an American television series set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe Ace of Spades (video game) Ace of Spades HQ , a political blog Aeon of Strife , an early multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) Age of Sail (computer game) Age of Sail II , its sequel Castlevania: Aria of Sorrow ,
270-725: A unit to deal with armed offenders spending time with the New South Wales Police Emergency Squad . The AOS was formally started in August 1964 trained by the New Zealand Special Air Service (NZSAS) with the philosophy of "cordon, contain and appeal". One of the highest-profile AOS interventions is their action during the Aramoana massacre on 13–14 November 1990, which involved at least 150 police officers. Officers from
300-554: Is a hybrid approach between the previous layouts, in which data for different fields is interleaved using tiles or blocks with size equal to the SIMD vector size. This is often less intuitive, but can achieve the memory throughput of the SoA approach, while being more friendly to the cache locality and load port architectures of modern processors. In particular, memory requests in modern processors have to be fulfilled in fixed width (e.g., size of
330-683: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Armed Offenders Squad The Armed Offenders Squad ( AOS ) are specialist part-time units of the New Zealand Police based around the country available to respond to high risk incidents using specialist tactics and equipment. The AOS was established when front-line police officers did not carry firearms. While today officers still do not routinely carry sidearms, they have ready access to firearms if required, including high-powered rifles, and receive firearms training. A new expanding role for
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#1732765086931360-447: Is possible to split some subset of a structure (rather than each individual field) into a parallel array – and this can actually improve locality of reference if different pieces of fields are used at different times in the program (see data oriented design ). Some SIMD architectures provide strided load/store instructions to load homogeneous data from the SoA format. Yet another option used in some Cell libraries
390-475: Is supported by Negotiation Teams and canine units specifically trained for use in situations involving firearms. There are 17 Negotiation Teams, with each AOS having a dedicated team attached to it. Similar to the AOS units themselves, the negotiators are all part-time volunteers. Members receive additional pay above the regular police wage, an officer reported around $ 9,000 per year in 2008. As of March 2020
420-454: Is to de-interleave data from the AoS format when loading sources into registers, and interleave when writing out results (facilitated by the superscalar issue of permutes ). Some vector maths libraries align floating point 4D vectors with the SIMD register to leverage the associated data path and instructions, while still providing programmer convenience, although this does not scale to SIMD units wider than four lanes. AoS vs. SoA presents
450-535: The Nissan Patrol . These are fitted with running boards and roof rails, to allow officers to stand on the side while the vehicle is in motion, as well as having enclosed boxes on the roof for carrying equipment. In 2009, two New Zealand Army LAV III light armour vehicles were used in response to the Napier shootings . Array of structures Structure of arrays ( SoA ) is a layout separating elements of
480-669: The Terrorism Suppression Act , and the Arms Act . Raids were conducted in Wellington , Christchurch , Taupō and Tauranga . Allegations of New Zealand Police searching a school bus also surfaced. The AOS were also involved in a shooting on a motorway in Auckland on 23 January 2009. A squad member accidentally shot and killed innocent teenager Halatau Naitoko as a gunman threatened a truck driver, and Naitoko
510-404: The 2019 Christchurch mosque shootings , the AOS arrived at the scene 10 minutes after the first emergency call was placed. The mission of the AOS is to provide police with a means of effectively and safely responding to and resolving situations in which there is a risk of firearms or similarly dangerous weapons being involved, and when weapons are directed against either members of the public, or
540-559: The AOS for every 260 deployments. As of 2012 , there are 17 squads throughout New Zealand covering all major population centres, with a total strength of around 320 members. Members are part-time, come from all branches of the New Zealand Police such as the Criminal Investigation Branch (CIB) or general duties, and operate on a call out basis. In the event of an incident requiring AOS attendance,
570-580: The AOS is assisting with planned operations. In 1963, the unarmed New Zealand Police lost four police officers killed by lone gunmen in two separate firearms incidents at Waitakere , Auckland in January 1963 and at Lower Hutt , Wellington in February 1963. The detective Robert Josiah Walton (1920–2008) later Commissioner of Police who investigated the Waitakere killings recommended the creation of
600-619: The Anti-Terrorist Squad, now known as the Special Tactics Group , were also present at the crisis. Sergeant Stewart Guthrie , an NCO in the AOS, was killed in the massacre, although he arrived alone with only a revolver, ahead of the fully equipped team from Dunedin. On 15 October 2007, members of the AOS and the Special Tactics Group conducted several raids across New Zealand in response to
630-595: The United States Schools and education [ edit ] Academy of the Sierras , boarding schools devoted to weight loss The Alice Ottley School , Worcester, England AO Springfield School, Worcester, England Associate of Occupational Studies , a two-year college degree Annunciation Orthodox School , a Greek Orthodox private school in Houston, Texas Loudoun Academy of Science ,
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#1732765086931660-455: The average full-time equivalent salary of AOS and Special Tactics Group members is $ 97,469. Volunteers for the AOS need to successfully complete a one-day local selection course, then a three-day national selection course, and if successful complete a three-and-a-half-week national qualification course. Members receive localised training given on a district level one day each month and have a three-day intensive refresher course each year. From
690-474: The mid-1990s, females have passed and served in squads with six females in 2012 serving nationally. AOS members are eligible to undertake selection for the elite full-time Special Tactics Group . In keeping with the weapons available to front-line officers, the AOS are issued with the following equipment: For deployment of CS gas, the Remington 870 shotgun and HK69A1 grenade launcher can be used while
720-407: The on-duty officers will be paged by the communications centre. They then assemble at their base, to draw arms and get other equipment, before responding to the scene. Squad sizes range from between 12 and 30 members and the largest are based in Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch. In 2010–2011, Wellington had 175 deployments, followed by Auckland with 127 and Christchurch with 113. The AOS
750-592: The police service. An incident may fall within the call out criteria of the Special Tactics Group with the AOS providing a cordon and containment response. Deployments can be either emergency call outs or planned operations. Between 1996 and 2009, the AOS conducted an average of 513 deployments a year. In 2010–2011, this increased to 992 as the AOS was involved in more planned operations such as assisting in drug raids on clandestine labs and executing search warrants. Planned operations now account for almost two-thirds of deployments. On average, shots are only fired once by
780-1142: The retail web site for Apple Inc. Array of structures , an interleaved data format Data General AOS (Advanced Operating System) A2 , an operating system formerly named Active Object System (AOS) Fedora AOS (Appliance Operating System), a small version of the Fedora Linux project aos or AOS, acronym of "anonymous operating system", an earlier name for the operating system Whonix People [ edit ] Austin Osman Spare (1886–1956), English occultist and artist See also [ edit ] [REDACTED] Search for "aos" , "a-os" , "ao-s" , or "a-o-s" on Misplaced Pages. AO (disambiguation) OS (disambiguation) ADOS (disambiguation) Aeos (disambiguation) EOS (disambiguation) AOZ (disambiguation) All pages with titles beginning with AOS All pages with titles beginning with AoS All pages with titles beginning with Aos All pages with titles containing aos Topics referred to by
810-403: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title AOS . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=AOS&oldid=1190764128 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
840-494: The shotgun may also apply for breaching purposes. In 2013, three AOS units Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch were issued with non-lethal 40mm XM1006 sponge rounds that are fired from the HK69 grenade launcher. In 2015, all AOS units were issued with sponge rounds. When responding to incidents, or executing planned operations, AOS members use both standard marked and unmarked cars, and large four-wheel drive vehicles, such as
870-557: The uncovering of alleged paramilitary training camps deep in the Urewera mountain ranges. Roughly 300 police were involved in the raids. Four guns and roughly 230 rounds of ammunition were seized and 17 people were arrested. According to the police the raids were a culmination of more than a year of surveillance that uncovered and monitored the training camps. The warrants were executed under the Summary Proceedings Act,
900-483: Was caught in the line of fire. A former police inspector called for the squad member who shot Naitoko to be charged while AOS training would be changed to avoid future incidents similar to the Naitoko case. The AOS was involved in the 2009 Napier shootings with the Special Tactics Group. The AOS has fatally shot several people. In November 2009, TV One screened a three part documentary Line of Fire . During
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