Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib ( Arabic : أَبُو طَالِب بن عَبْد ٱلْمُطَّلِب , romanized : ʾAbū Ṭālib bin ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ; c. 535 – 619 ) was the leader of Banu Hashim , a clan of the Qurayshi tribe of Mecca in the Hejazi region of the Arabian Peninsula . He being the brother of Abdullah , the father of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad , was his uncle and father of Ali . After the death of his father Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim ibn Abd Manaf , he inherited this position as tribal chieftain, and the offices of Siqaya and Rifada . He was well-respected in Mecca.
31-854: Abu Taleb or Abu Talib may refer to: Abu Talib ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib (549–619), Arab leader and head of the Banu Hashim clan Abu Talib al-Makki (died 996), Arab scholar, jurist and mystic Abu Taleb Rostam (997–1029), Buyid amir of Ray, Iran Mirza Abu Taleb Khan (1752–1805/6), Indo-Persian administrator famous for his travelogue about Europe Sufi Abu Taleb (1925–2008), President of Egypt Fat'hi Abu Taleb (1933–2016), Jordanian army field marshal Abu Talib (musician) (1939–2009), American blues musician Yousef Abu-Taleb (born 1980), American actor Muhammad Jailani Abu Talib (born 1985), Singaporean poet, editor and writer [REDACTED] Name list This page or section lists people that share
62-565: A Byzantine governor had killed one of his emissaries. He appointed Ja'far as commander of the army and instructed:"If Ja'far is wounded or killed, Zayd ibn Harithah will take over the command. If Zayd ibn Harithah is killed or wounded, Abdullah ibn Rawaha will take his place. If Abdullah is killed, then let the Muslims appoint themselves a commander." The Muslims met the Byzantines at Mu'tah, where they were heavily outnumbered. Once
93-478: A house in the district of Abd Shams to demonstrate support for the Quraysh. He thought Muhammad was either mad or an impostor. Protecting Muhammad put considerable pressure on Abu Talib and the Banu Hashim. In one instance Abu Talib exclaimed to Muhammad, "Save me and yourself, and do not put a greater burden on me than I cannot bear." Muhammad responded, "Oh uncle! By God Almighty I swear, even if they should put
124-531: Is known as the Year of Sorrow for Muhammad, because not only did his uncle Abu Talib die, but also his wife Khadijah bint Khuwaylid , within a month of Abu Talib. After Abu Talib's death, Muhammad was left unprotected. Abu Talib's brother and successor as the Chief of the family, that is Abu Lahab , did not protect him, as he was an enemy of Muhammad, so Muhammad and his followers faced incredible persecution. Muhammad
155-608: Is quoted as exclaiming, "By God, Quraysh never harmed me so much as after the death of Abu Talib." The early Muslims relocated to Abyssinia and then to Medina in order to escape persecution by the Quraysh. The memory of Abu Talib is influenced by political aims of the Sunni and Shia Muslims. It is reported in Sunni Islam that the Quranic verse 28:56 ("O Prophet! Verily, you guide not whom you like, but Allah guides whom He will")
186-405: The Banu Hashim, Abu Talib acted as a protector to Muhammad. After Muhammad began preaching the message of Islam , members of the other Qurayshite clans increasingly came to feel threatened by Muḥammad. In attempts to quiet him, they pressured Abū Ṭālib to silence his nephew or control him. Despite these pressures, Abu Talib maintained his support of Muḥammad, defending him from the other leaders of
217-546: The Flyer';), was a companion and cousin of the Islamic prophet Muhammad , and an elder brother of Ali . Ja'far was the third son of Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib and Fatimah bint Asad , hence a paternal cousin of Muhammad. His older brothers were Talib and Aqil , his younger brothers were Ali and Tulayq, and his sisters were Fakhitah , Jumanah and Raytah . As per Arabic tradition, his uncle 'Abbas had
248-466: The Muslims called Jesus a created being, so the Negus asked Ja'far what he thought of Jesus. Ja'far answered: "Our prophet says he is God's slave, apostle, spirit and word, which he cast into Mary the blessed virgin." At this the Negus (al-nejashi) returned the gifts of the Quraysh, calling them "bribes," and "they left his presence crestfallen." The Muslims continued to live with the Negus, "comfortably in
279-468: The Negus to bring the emigrants back to Mecca. They gave presents of leather-goods to the Negus and his officials and gave him a bad report of the Muslims . The Negus replied that he had promised protection to the Muslims and therefore could not hand them over without hearing their side of the story. When the Muslims were called to answer to the Negus, Ja’far was their spokesman. The Negus asked them what
310-526: The Quraysh leaders to say the shahada and they were astounded. The Quraysh even tried to bribe Abu Talib. They told Abu Talib that if he let them get hold of Muhammad, then he could adopt 'Umarah ibn al Walid ibn al Mughirah, the most handsome youth in Quraysh. When this also failed, the Quraysh elicited the support of other tribes to boycott trading with or marrying members of the Banu Hashim lineage. This boycott started seven years after Muhammad first received revelation and lasted for three years. The goal
341-407: The Quraysh. Leaders of the Quraysh directly confronted Abu Talib several times. Abu Talib brushed them off and continued to support Muhammad even when it put a rift between him and the Quraysh. In one account, the Quraysh even threatened to fight the Banu Hashim over this conflict. In a particular narration of one such confrontation, Abu Talib summoned Muhammad to speak with the Quraysh. Muhammad asked
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#1732772015155372-538: The Virgin Mary. He was enraged and asked Ja'far to reply to Amr's claim. So he recited the first verses of Surah Maryam in the Quran , which narrates the story of 'Isa ( Jesus ) and his mother Maryam ( Mary ). On hearing these words, "the Negus wept until his beard was wet and the bishops wept until their scrolls were wet." The Negus said that he would never harm the Muslims. The two Quraysh delegates alleged that
403-477: The battle had started, Ja'far mounted on his horse, he penetrated deep into the Byzantine ranks and killed hundreds of Byzantine soldiers. Anyone who come in front of him was slaughtered. As Ja'far spurred his horse on, he called out: "How wonderful is Paradise as it draws near! How pleasant and cool is its drink! Punishment for the Byzantines is not far away!" Ja'far fought until both his arms were cut off, but he
434-493: The battle, the Lord has given him a pair of wings." Thereafter Ja'far had the byname Dhul-Janāḥīn ( Arabic : ذُو ٱلْجَنَاحِيْن , "The Winged"). Ja'far's widow Asma recalled: "God's Messenger came to me and asked, 'Where are Jafar's children?' I brought them to him and he embraced them and smelled them, then his eyes welled up and he cried. 'O God's Messenger,' I asked, 'Have you heard something about Jafar?' 'Yes,' he replied. 'He
465-595: The best security". It is said that Ja'far left Abyssinia to preach in other countries. He accompanied Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas and others in their mission to the region of Chittagong , Manipur , Tibet , Khotan and China . The Muslims of the oasis-city of Khotan (in the Xinjiang Province, 6 miles (9.7 kilometres) south of the Taklamakan Desert , west of Tibet) trace their origin to Ja'far. Thereafter Ja'far returned to Abyssinia. In summer 628,
496-576: The conquest of Khaybar!" Ja'far was famous for his acts of charity in Medina. Abu Hurairah recalled: "The most generous of all the people to the poor was Ja'far ibn Abi Talib. He used to take us to his home and offer us what was available therein. He would even offer us an empty folded leather container (of butter), which we would split and lick whatever was in it." In September 629, Muhammad mobilized an army to confront Byzantine forces in Syria , because
527-548: The duty. Nevertheless, his social position did not take any harm from this failure. Muhammad loved his uncle, and Abu Talib loved him in return. Abu Talib is remembered as a gifted poet, and many poetic verses in support of Muhammad are attributed to him. Once, as Abu Talib was about to leave for a trading expedition, Muhammad wept and could not bear being separated from him. To this Abu Talib responded, "By God I will take him with me, and we shall never part from each other." Later in life, as an adult, Muhammad saw that Abu Talib
558-572: The last of the Muslim immigrants departed from Abyssinia to join the Muslim community in Medina . Ja'far and his family were among them. On arriving at Medina, Ja'far heard that Muhammad was in Khaybar . Ja'far immediately set out to join the army, and arrived just as Muhammad had won the battle . Muhammad greeted him with the words: "I do not know which event makes me happier – the arrival of Ja'far or
589-766: The privilege of raising Ja'far. Ja'far was an early convert to Islam . He married Asma bint Umais , who converted to Islam in 614–615. When the Muslims were harassed in Mecca, several of them migrated to Abyssinia . Ja'far joined the second flight in 616. There they obtained the protection of the Negus ( An- Najashi ), and could worship Allah unhindered. Ja'far and Asma lived in Abyssinia for about twelve years. Three sons were born to them there: The Quraysh , suspicious of their motives for leaving Arabia, sent Abdullah ibn Abi Rabiah and Amr ibn al-As to negotiate with
620-425: The property of orphans, to vilify chaste women. He commanded us to worship God alone and not to associate anything with Him, and he gave us orders about prayer , alms and fasting [enumerating the commands of Islam]. So we believed in him and what he brought to us from Allah , and we follow what he asked us to do and we avoid what he forbade us to do." The Quraish said to Negus that Muslims did not respect Jesus or
651-411: The recent centuries also support Shia arguments about Abu Talib. Abu Talib was married to Fatima bint Asad . They had four sons: and three daughters: Ja%27far ibn Abi Talib Jaʿfar ibn Abī Ṭālib ( Arabic : جَعْفَر ٱبْن أَبِي طَالِب c. 590 – September 629), also known as Jaʿfar aṭ-Ṭayyār ( Arabic : جَعْفَر ٱلطَّيَّار , lit. 'Ja'far
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#1732772015155682-616: The same given name or the same family name . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change that link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Abu_Talib&oldid=1211920545 " Categories : Given names Surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata All set index articles Abu Talib ibn %E2%80%98Abd al-Muttalib According to general consensus of Sunni Islamic scholars, Abu Talib never converted to Islam. Abu Talib
713-427: The sun in my right hand and the moon in my left that I abjure this cause, I shall not do so until God has vindicated it or caused me to perish in the process." Seeing his nephew's emotion, Abu Talib responded, "Go, nephew, and say what you like. By God, I will never hand you over for any reason." Abū Ṭālib died around 619 AD, at more than 80 years of age, about 10 years after the start of Muhammad's mission. This year
744-553: Was born in the city of Mecca in the Hijaz region in 535 CE . He was the son of the Hashimite chief, Abd al-Muttalib , and a brother of Muhammad 's father, Abdullah , who had died before Muhammad's birth. After the death of Muhammad's mother Aminah bint Wahab , Muhammad, a child still, was taken into the care of his grandfather, Abd al-Muttalib. When Muhammad reached eight years of age, Abd al-Muttalib died. One of Muhammad's uncles
775-490: Was eventually killed. "A Roman struck him from the behind and killed him. The body of Ja'far held seventy-two scars between his shoulders, where he had been either struck by a sword or pierced by a spear." When the news reached Muhammad, he wept and prayed for Ja'far's soul. He later reported that the angel Jibril ( Gabriel ) came down to console him, saying: "Jafar was a brave and loyal soldier. God has given him everlasting life, and in place of his arms which were cut off in
806-515: Was martyred today.' I stood up and screamed, and the women came to me. The Prophet began to say, 'O Asma, do not speak obscene words or beat your chest!'" Her son Abd Allah remembered: "He said, 'O Asma, will you not rejoice? Indeed, God most high has made two wings for Ja'far, that he may fly with them in Paradise!'" Then Muhammad told his daughter Fatimah , "Prepare food for the family of Ja'far, for they are preoccupied today." xc 21Ja'far's tomb
837-462: Was revealed concerning Abu Talib's embrace of Islam at the hands of his nephew. Shia believe that Abu Talib was an upright supporter of Muhammad. In addition, when Muhammad married Khadija, Abu Talib recited the sermon of the marriage. This fact has also been used to prove Abu Talib's monotheism. Abu Talib, according to the Shia, was a Muslim and died a Muslim. Shia claim that the Sunni scholars in
868-429: Was struggling financially after a severe drought. Muhammad decided to take charge of one of Abu Talib's children and he convinced Al-'Abbas to do the same. They discussed this matter with Abū Ṭālib, who asked that his favorite child 'Aqīl be left with him. Al-'Abbās chose Ja'far , and Muhammad chose 'Alī. In tribal society, a tribal affiliation is important, otherwise a man can be killed with impunity. As leader of
899-417: Was the religion for which they had forsaken their people, without entering into his religion or any other. Ja'far replied: "We were an uncivilised people. God sent us an apostle who commanded us to speak the truth, be faithful to our engagements, mindful of the ties of kinship and kindly hospitality, and to refrain from crimes and bloodshed. He forbade us to commit abominations and to speak lies, and to devour
930-458: Was to put pressure on the Hashimites and even starve them into submission. For the sake of security, many members of the Banu Hashim moved near to Abu Talib, and the place became like a ghetto . This didn't cause undue hardship because many had family members in other tribes that would smuggle goods to them. Abu Talib's brother, Abu Lahab , sided with the Quraysh on this issue; he moved to
961-555: Was to take him in. The oldest, Al-Harith was not wealthy enough to accept guardianship for his nephew. Abu Talib, despite his poverty, took in Muhammad in an act of selfless generosity. Although Abu Talib was responsible for providing Siqaya and Rifada (Food and Beverages) of Hajj pilgrims, he lived in poverty. In order to fulfill his obligations towards the pilgrims, he had to borrow money from his brother Abbas, which he failed to return, thus being forced to letting Abbas take over