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22-510: The area known as Achada , once referred to as Achada Grande , was originally populated in the first have of the 16th century. Its name was derived from the Portuguese phrase terra achanada which means flatland and was first mentioned by the historian Father Gaspar Frutuoso in Saudades da Terra . These lands were originally occupied and administered by Antão Rodrigues da Câmara,

44-683: A centre of learning and rivalled the University of Coimbra . Among its eminent theologians and philosophers were Luis de Molina (1535-1600), Pedro de Fonseca (1528-1599), St. Francisco de Borja, St. João de Brito , Manuel Álvares . Several prelates of the Portuguese Empire were trained at this university: D. Afonso Mendes , Patriarch of Abyssinia, and D. Pedro Martins, first bishop of Japan. The classrooms are decorated with appropriate azulejos (ceramic tiles) such as " Plato teaching his followers" and " Aristotle teaching Alexander

66-479: A descendant of the third Capitain-Donatário of São Miguel, but were sold, then tilled and sold to other settlers. By 1526 the village had its own parochial church to the invocation of Nossa Senhora da Anunciação (English: Our Lady of the Annunciation ) where members of the religious orders resided locally. The temple was the result of various remodeling projects starting at the end of 1782 until 1984. Since

88-796: A member of the Society of Jesus , which would later serve him as he was promoting charitable activities in the Azores. He briefly returned to the Azores between 1558 and 1560, where he became parish priest in Santa Cruz , in the municipality of Lagoa (records written by him during this period date his time in the parish). In 1560, he decided to return to Salamanca in order to complete a Doctorate in Theology, but began working with Bishop Julião de Alva in Bragança , where he remained until 1563. It

110-473: A position he held for the next 26 years (until his death). During this time, he was dedicated to the parish, as well as charitable works he contributed towards on and off-island, but still had time writing his 16 manuscripts that included Saudades da Terra , and Saudades do Ceu . Ever mindful of the politics of the time, during the period of the Philippine Dynasty , he was: In 1566, during

132-421: Is an encyclopedic, literary and artistic observer of the natural phenomenons, preoccupied with experimental alchemy and speculative on aspects of geology, biology, mineralogy and petrology . His detailed descriptions are so detailed that they were published into separate volumes which cover: The fifth volume is an elaborate poem, from the perspective of a fictional character, writing in a pastoral style, about

154-536: Is unclear when, and from where, he attained his Doctorate, but he began to use this title from 1565, also when his name began appearing on the University of Évora 's registry (an institution of the Society of Jesus), after 1569. By decree on the 20 May 1565, he was nominated to be the vicar and orator at the parochial Church of Nossa Senhora da Estrela ( Our Lady of the Star ), in the municipality of Ribeira Grande ,

176-453: The Azores . His major contribution to Portuguese history was his detailed descriptions of the history and geography of the Azores, Madeira , Canary Islands and references to Cape Verde , which he published in his six-part tome Saudades da Terra , as well as Saudades do Céu . He is normally cited in settlement history of the islands of the Azores. Gaspar Frutuoso was born in 1522, on

198-542: The Canary Islands (lands at one time attributed to Portugal). It is a referential work for the understanding of the islands of Macaronesia at the end of the 16th Century. The work is not limited to geography and history, but also covers daily life, customs and traditions, genealogy , the origins of place names, flora and fauna , and affirms Frutuoso's humanist nature, typical of the Renaissance . The author

220-532: The Império da Achada , when the annual feasts of the Divine Holy Spirit are celebrated that include meat-broth soups accompanied with local wines, traditional sweet bread (Portuguese: massa sovada ) and sweet rice desserts. Gaspar Frutuoso Gaspar Frutuoso ( c. 1522 – 1591) was a Portuguese priest, historian and humanist from the island of São Miguel , in the Portuguese archipelago of

242-549: The Instituto Cultural de Ponta Delgada since 1966. University of %C3%89vora The University of Évora ( Universidade de Évora ) is a public university in Évora , Portugal . It is the second oldest university in the country, established in 1559 by the cardinal Henry , and receiving University status in April of the same year from Pope Paul IV , as documented in his Cum a nobis papal bull . Running under

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264-707: The Pope Paul IV . Its administrative control was granted to the newly formed Society of Jesus . This measure could be seen as part of Henry's policies to attract Jesuits to the kingdom. The Jesuit college in Évora operated between 1559 and 1759, when it was surrounded by cavalry troops on February 8 of 1759, as a consequence of the Jesuit banishment promoted by the Minister of the Kingdom Marquis of Pombal . The Colégio do Espírito Santo became famed as

286-473: The 16th century, Achada has been a religious (later civil) parish, but it was only annexed into the municipality of Nordeste in 1820 (having previously pertained to the municipality of Ribeira Grande). Its fertile lands, which extend the length of the Achada plain, have been the source of the region's economy. Agriculture and dairy production is typical in this area, including cereal crops and tubers. A small port

308-755: The French assault on Funchal , he collected funds and wheat for the people of Madeira . He died on 24 August 1591 and was buried in the Church of Nossa Senhora da Estrela, in Ribeira Grande. Saudades da Terra , literally Nostalgic-longing for the Land , is a six-volume tome that contains observations by the author, of the history and geography of the Atlantic territories of the Kingdom of Portugal, as well as

330-654: The Spanish occupation of the island (during the Iberian Union ) may have influenced his decision, he never published the work. The manuscript, along with documents from his library, were sent to the Jesuit College in Ponta Delgada and preserved until 1760 (when the Society of Jesus was expelled from Portugal). The manuscript fell into the hands of people who restricted access to the document, until it

352-476: The aegis of the Society of Jesus (also known as Jesuits) meant that the university was a target of the Marquis of Pombal 's Jesuit oppression , being closed down permanently in 1779 and its masters either incarcerated or exiled. It was reopened nearly two hundred years later in 1973 as Instituto Universitário de Évora (University Institute of Évora) by decree of the Minister of Education, José Veiga Simão, in

374-474: The history of two friends that are separated and forced to live far from home. Some biographers have cited this as a deliberate autobiography of Frutuoso and his university friend, the Micalense medic, Gaspar Gonçalves. Gaspar Frutuoso apparently attempted to publish his work, going so far as to rework and edit his manuscript (the original has many edits in his hand). For reasons that are never clear, although

396-415: The island of São Miguel , son of Frutuoso Dias, a merchant and rural property-owner, and his wife Isabel Fernandes. Little is known of his childhood, apart from references to him working his father's lands during this period. The first trustworthy record about Frutuoso was his admission to the University of Salamanca (in 1548) where he later obtained an Arts certification. At the age of 31 (in 1554), he

418-530: The site of the older university, as part of a set of education policies during the early 1970s that were attempting to reshape Portuguese higher education. Six years later, in 1979, the name was changed to Universidade de Évora . The University of Évora, the second oldest in Portugal, was founded in the 16th century by the Archbishop of Évora Cardinal Infante Dom Henrique , future king of Portugal , and

440-433: Was commercially important until the 20th century when most exports were handled from Ponta Delgada. Today, potatoes and corn are principal crops cultivated in the area, where the harvested materials are used for feed in the raising of cattle. Traditional festivals occur in the month of August, and include a diverse program of events such as the traditional barracas with native foods and drink. The primary events occur around

462-659: Was donated to the General Committee of Ponta Delgada , and incorporated into the holdings of the Public Library and Archive (where it now resides). The work was finally published in 1873, with thirty notes by Álvaro Rodrigues de Azevedo, and a prologue by the Dicionário Universal de Português Ilustrado ( Illustrated Universal Dictionary of Portugal ), written by Fernandes Costa. Many partial editions of Saudades da Terra have been re-published by

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484-615: Was ordained during a visit to São Miguel; his records from 1554 to 1555 show him registered as presbitero bachiller . He continued his studies in Salamanca under the noted theologian Domingo de Soto , the royal confessor of King Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (and Charles I of Spain) and envoy to the Council of Trent , where he obtained a theology baccalaureate. During his time in Salamanca he became friends with Father Miguel Torres,

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