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59-493: In 1975 JAT , the national flag carrier , donated 48 a (52,000 sq ft) of land for the museum and the museum later purchased further 2.7 ha (6.7 acres). Construction of the present building of the museum began in the mid-1970s. The construction work dragged on, so it was only in late 1988 that the setting of the first permanent exhibition began. The museum's new location was ceremonially opened on 21 May 1989. The museum owns over 200 aircraft previously operated by

118-598: A cargo door, hoist attachment and strengthened floor - along with a shortened tail cone for glider-towing shackles, and an astrodome in the cabin roof. During World War II, the armed forces of many countries used the C-47 and modified DC-3s for the transport of troops, cargo, and wounded. The U.S. naval designation was R4D. More than 10,000 aircraft were produced in Long Beach and Santa Monica, California , and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma . Between March 1943 and August 1945,

177-552: A company with its own statute, Board of Directors and management bodies. Air Serbia is the result of a strategic partnership agreement between the Etihad Airways and Jat Airways, making the company to fulfill regulatory requirements, and got registered with the Business Registers Agency (APR). Subsequently, Jat Airways changed its name to Air Serbia and everything else was kept unchanged, continuing to be

236-611: A jet-engine test stand at their Belgrade hub. The same year, Bombay and Calcutta were connected with Belgrade. In 1987, Belgrade was connected with Melbourne, Perth, Montreal, Los Angeles, and Hong Kong. Profit that year was $ 205 million. In 1992, the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia broke apart, resulting in the Yugoslav Wars . JAT was forced to stop all domestic services. The United Nations imposed sanctions on 20 May 1992 against Yugoslavia. For

295-494: A joint stock company, the commercial entity registered in the APR, and with all the rights and obligations of Jat Airways. At that moment, Jat Airways was working at full power and fulfilling the obligations of regular and chartered passenger transportation, as agreed in its business plan for 2013. When the name Yugoslav Airlines first appeared on aircraft in 1950, the airline had a simple, mainly white livery . During these years there

354-668: A licence to build further aircraft of the same type. In 1935 one Cruiser II (reg. as YU-SAP) was built under Spartan's licence for Aeroput by Zmaj aircraft company in Zemun . In 1953, JAT began organizing their flights with the introduction of flight codes. The first code, JU720 was used on the Belgrade - Zagreb - Ljubljana route, while the return flight took the code JU721. Douglas C-47 Skytrain The Douglas C-47 Skytrain or Dakota ( RAF designation)

413-650: A new ban and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was bombed for 78 days during the Kosovo War . In April 2000, director general Žika Petrović was gunned down in front of his home in Belgrade . International sanctions were lifted in 2000, and JAT resumed regular flight services. To celebrate the move that coincided with the country restructuring from FR Yugoslavia to Serbia and Montenegro , JAT Yugoslav Airlines changed their name to Jat Airways on 8 August 2003. In 2004, Belgrade based Intair Link Airlines

472-440: A new tail logo which contained a stylized Yugoslav flag with the white colour being represented by a pair of white wings, the larger wing symbolizing Serbia and the smaller Montenegro. For the first time, the word JAT was written on the aircraft in small blue letters. The words Jugoslovenski Aerotransport were painted on the starboard side and Yugoslav Airlines on the port side and these were written in silver italic script. In 1996,

531-489: A two-class configuration. In the Boeing aircraft, Jat has a business-class section and an economy-class section. On ATR 72 aircraft, the airline offers a one-class all economy configuration with the business class section, which used to be located in the back removed in mid-2008. Every passenger gets a complimentary copy of Jat's in-flight magazine "Jat Airways Review". All drinks, food and duty-free items are available during

590-475: A very short time — Užice–Ponikve Airport . In 1994, JAT resumed some of their international services. In 1998, JAT ordered eight Airbus A319s . This was seen as a political stunt by the president, Slobodan Milošević . The original delivery date was June 2000, but this date had been postponed until a total of $ 23.5 million was paid off to Airbus while JAT was hoping to divert the deal to another airline. Soon after, all flights were canceled as Europe introduced

649-469: Is a military transport aircraft developed from the civilian Douglas DC-3 airliner. It was used extensively by the Allies during World War II . During the war the C-47 was used for troop transport , cargo , paratrooper , for towing gliders and military cargo parachute drops. The C-47 remained in front-line service with various military operators for many years. It was produced in approximately triple

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708-534: Is an accepted version of this page Jat Airways (stylized as JatAirways ; Serbo-Croatian : Jat ervejz / Јат ервејз ) was the national flag carrier and largest airline of Yugoslavia and later Serbia and Montenegro and finally Serbia . Founded in 1927 as Aeroput , the airline ceased operations during World War II . After resuming flights in 1947, the airline was renamed Jugoslovenski Aerotransport (abbreviated JAT , pronounced [jât] ; "Yugoslav Air Transport") on 1 April 1947. The airline

767-558: Is slightly different from the previous dot livery. It has the dots on the tail, but the small Jat titles remain rather than the big Jat Airways logo across the fuselage. Jat Airways had codeshare agreements with the following airlines: Jat Catering is a subsidiary of Jat Airways, providing in-flight meals for Jat Airways. Jat Catering offices and kitchens are situated in the industrial area of Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport . Jat Catering offers special meals for vegetarians, vegans and toddlers. The aircraft of Jat Airways are fitted out in

826-676: The Battle of Bastogne in Belgium. Possibly its most influential role in military aviation, however, was flying " The Hump " from India into China. The expertise gained flying "The Hump" was later used in the Berlin Airlift , in which the C-47 played a major role until the aircraft were replaced by Douglas C-54 Skymasters . In Europe, the C-47 and a specialized paratroop variant, the C-53 Skytrooper, were used in vast numbers in

885-575: The Government of Serbia and Etihad Airways entered into an agreement that reorganized the operations of Jat Airways, and renamed it Air Serbia after the transitional period ended. Certain assets, such as the ATR 72 aircraft, would be transitioned to Air Serbia, while other assets (such as the 737-300s ) would remain in JAT Airways branding until retired. The change marked the end of 66 years of

944-549: The Vietnam War by the United States Air Force, including three advanced electronic-warfare variations, which sometimes were called "electric gooneys" designated EC-47N, EC-47P, or EC-47Q depending on the engine used. In addition, HC-47s were used by the 9th Special Operations Squadron to conduct psychological warfare operations over South Vietnam and Laos. Miami Air International, Miami International Airport

1003-402: The 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. The biggest change in this period was when the first Boeing 737-300 aircraft arrived with a silver body, and were kept as such, with just logo and basic livery added. With the reintroduction of international flights in 1994 after two years of economic sanctions, JAT introduced a new livery and corporate image. A "euro-white" livery was adopted and the centre-piece was

1062-600: The Indian Air Force prior to independence, both the Indian Air Force and Pakistan Air Force used C-47s to transport supplies to their soldiers fighting in the Indo-Pakistan War of 1947 . After World War II, thousands of surplus C-47s were converted to civilian airline use, some remaining in operation in 2012 , as well as being used as private aircraft. Several C-47 variants were used in

1121-598: The JAT brand. JAT traces its heritage back to 1927 when Aeroput , the first civil airline in Yugoslavia was founded. Their first international flight was in 1929 between Belgrade and Graz . In 1937, the expansion of international routes and an increase in passenger numbers enabled Aeroput to acquire the Lockheed Model 10 Electra . Aeroput continued to operate until the start of World War II . JAT Yugoslav Airlines

1180-529: The Oklahoma City plant produced 5,354 C-47s. The specialized C-53 Skytrooper troop transport started production in October 1941 at Douglas Aircraft's Santa Monica plant. It lacked the cargo door, hoist attachment, and reinforced floor of the C-47. Only 380 aircraft were produced in all because the C-47 was found to be more versatile. Large numbers of DC-3s and surplus C-47s were in commercial use in

1239-749: The Pacific Ocean, C-47s were used for ferrying soldiers serving in the Pacific theater back to the United States. About 2,000 C-47s (received under Lend-Lease ) in British and Commonwealth service took the name "Dakota" , possibly inspired by the acronym "DACoTA" for Douglas Aircraft Company Transport Aircraft. The C-47 also earned the informal nickname " gooney bird " in the European theatre of operations. Other sources attribute this name to

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1298-564: The R4D-8, later redesignated the C-117D. The C-47 was vital to the success of many Allied campaigns, in particular, those at Guadalcanal and in the jungles of New Guinea and Burma , where the C-47 and its naval version, the R4D, made it possible for Allied troops to counter the mobility of the light-traveling Japanese Army. C-47s were used to airlift supplies to the encircled American forces during

1357-499: The Serbian Government and Etihad Airways formalised an agreement which will see a reorganisation and rebranding of the airline's operations to Air Serbia , an entity in which the Serbian Government will have a 51% stake and Etihad Airways will own 49%. Etihad Airways was also granted management rights over the carrier for an initial five-year period. By then, Serbia had only one airline carrier, Jat Airways shareholding,

1416-617: The Serbian government. A purchase of a 49% stake in Jat by Etihad is widely suggested by observing media, which is dependent on whether a memorandum of understanding (MoU) is signed with the government of Serbia, possibly in May 2013. On 17 June 2013, an MoU was signed with Etihad and the Serbian government on exploring the possibility of an equity investment in Jat Airways. On 1 August 2013,

1475-581: The United States in the 1940s. In response to proposed changes to the Civil Air Regulations airworthiness requirements that would limit the continuing use of these aircraft, Douglas offered a late-1940s DC-3 conversion to improve takeoff and single-engine performance. This new model, the DC-3S or "Super DC-3", was 39 in (0.99 m) longer. It allowed 30 passengers to be carried, with increased speed to compete with newer airliners. The rearward shift in

1534-592: The Vietnamese, Laotian, and Cambodian Air Forces. A gunship variation, using three 7.62 mm miniguns, designated AC-47 "Spooky" , often nicknamed " Puff the magic dragon ", also was deployed. Large numbers of C-47s, C-117s and other variants survive, on display in museums or as monuments; operated as warbirds ; or remaining in service. As part of the 75th-anniversary commemoration in June 2019, 14 American C-47s and another group of 'Daks' from Europe retraced

1593-525: The Yugoslav Air Force (both royal and communist ), Serbian Air Force , and others, as well as aircraft previously flown by several civil airliners and private flying clubs . It also owns the only known surviving example of the Fiat G.50 . The most valuable collections are housed in geodesic glass building, with additional aircraft displayed on the surrounding grounds. The museum also displays

1652-700: The airline began refurbishing its Boeing 737-300 economy class section by replacing the seats with grey leather seating. "Extra Flight Club" is Jat Airways frequent-flyer program . The program works whereby passengers register each time they fly with Jat, gaining bonus points in return. After the appropriate number of points is collected, passengers are issued a free ticket. Jat Airways organizes individual and group charter flights on all types of Jat Airways aircraft, both domestic and international. The users of this service include tourist agencies, sports teams and fans, artistic groups and ensembles, as well as participants of congresses and fairs. Most charters take place during

1711-399: The airline received an award as one of the five best brands from Serbia. They also received an award for their television advertisements celebrating 80 years of service. On 3 July 2008 the Jat Airways reestablished air links with neighbouring Croatia after a 17-year absence. In 2012, Jat celebrated their 85th birthday and began refurbishing their cabins in both business and economy class, at

1770-538: The cancellation of all flights to Eastern European destinations. JAT was forced to survive on six domestic lines. When Yugoslavia turned to the West, an agreement was made with Swissair to open the Belgrade- Zürich route, which was inaugurated on 24 August 1949. Company stagnation marked operations in 1949 because the traffic volume was well below fleet potentials and transport needs in the country. However, 1954

1829-621: The center of gravity led to larger tail surfaces and new outer, swept-back wings. More powerful engines were installed along with shorter, jet ejection-type exhaust stacks. These were either 1,475 hp (1,100 kW) Wright R-1820 Cyclones or 1,450 hp (1,081 kW) Pratt & Whitney R-2000 Twin Wasps in larger engine nacelles. Minor changes included wheel-well doors, a partially retractable tailwheel, flush rivets, and low-drag antenna. These all contributed to an increased top speed of 250 mph (400 km/h; 220 kn). With over 75% of

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1888-722: The first Sud Aviation Caravelle joined the JAT fleet. In 1969, the first McDonnell Douglas DC-9-32 (of 16) arrived, followed by Boeing 707 in 1970, McDonnell Douglas DC-10 in 1971 (of 7), and in 1974 by the first two (of nine) Boeing 727-200s . Long-haul routes to North America, Australia, and the Far East were flown by Boeing 707s , introduced in 1970. In 1975, Belgrade was connected with Karachi , Singapore and Sydney . Same year three brand new Boeing 727s were introduced. In 1976 fleet consisted of 4 Boeing 707 , 13 McDonnell Douglas DC-9 , 3 Boeing 727 , 5 Caravelle and one Convair . In 1976, two more Boeing 727s joined

1947-512: The first aircraft, a USMC R2D—the military version of the DC-2—being the first aircraft to land on Midway Island, previously home to the long-winged albatross known as the gooney bird which was native to Midway. The United States Air Force 's Strategic Air Command had Skytrains in service from 1946 to 1967. The US Air Force's 6th Special Operations Squadron was flying the C-47 until 2008. With all of their aircraft and pilots having been part of

2006-522: The first time since World War II, international transport was forcibly terminated in Yugoslavia. This was preceded by the decisions of Germany and Italy to interrupt any traffic with Yugoslavia: on 21 December 1991 — Germany, the largest market for JAT in Europe, with seven flights daily and 40& million German marks gross annual profit, followed by Italy on 10 January 1992. The United States imposed an embargo on air traffic with Yugoslavia on 2 May 1992:

2065-402: The fleet, for a total of five. The same year, Belgrade was connected with New York City , Malta , Baghdad , Kuwait City and Damascus . All Caravelles were withdrawn from the fleet, while the line to Karachi was terminated. That year JAT had almost three million passengers. In 1977, new routes to Madrid and Lyon were introduced. In 1978, a wide-body McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30 (which

2124-499: The flight. Includes copy of Jat Airways Review magazine, large black leather seats with limited reclining capabilities, and stowaway tray tables. From August 2012 the business class seats will be progressively replaced by economy class grey leather seats. However, the middle seat will be left unoccupied for greater leg space and comfort. Includes copy of Jat Airways Review magazine, dark blue leather seats with limited reclining capabilities, and stowaway tray tables. From August 2012,

2183-468: The formation of an air transport company. Three Douglas C-47 Skytrain and three Junkers Ju 52 were converted to carry passengers. The airline was officially renamed to Jugoslovenski Aerotransport ( JAT ) on 1 April 1947. In 1949, Yugoslavia was faced with a dire international position: isolated both by the West and the East. This caused further rationing of fuel, difficulties in procuring spare parts, and

2242-486: The last JAT flights to the United States were to Chicago and New York. JAT management decided to re-route North American long-range flights to Canada. However, Canada quickly followed and banned all JAT flights entering the country, terminating all JAT operations across the North Atlantic. During that time, JAT operated only domestic services between Belgrade , Podgorica , Tivat , Niš , Priština and — for

2301-561: The later stages of the war, particularly to tow gliders and drop paratroops. During the invasion of Sicily in July 1943, C-47s dropped 4,381 Allied paratroops. More than 50,000 paratroops were dropped by C-47s during the first few days of the D-Day campaign also known as the invasion of Normandy , France, in June 1944. In the Pacific War , with careful use of the island landing strips of

2360-436: The livery was slightly modified, with JAT being painted in billboard size at the front with a small Yugoslav flag in the "A" in JAT. During this time, as a result of the extensive leasing of aircraft by JAT, most aircraft lost the tail logo completely. The livery was updated again in 2001 with the flag in the billboard titles disappearing, and the words Yugoslav Airlines and Jugoslovenski Aerotransport being painted in blue using

2419-463: The numbers as the larger, much heavier payload Curtiss C-46 Commando , which filled a similar role for the U.S. military. Approximately 100 countries' armed forces have operated the C-47 with over 60 variants of the aircraft produced. As with the civilian DC-3, the C-47 remains in service in the present day, over 80 years after the type's introduction. The C-47 differed from the civilian DC-3 by way of numerous modifications, including being fitted with

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2478-558: The original DC-3/C-47 configuration changed, the modified design was virtually a new aircraft. The first DC-3S made its maiden flight on 23 June 1949. The changes fully met the new FAR 4B airworthiness requirements, with significantly improved performance. However, little interest was expressed by commercial operators in the DC-3S. It was too expensive for the smaller operators that were its main target; only three were sold to Capital Airlines . The U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps had 100 of their R4D aircraft modified to Super DC-3 standards as

2537-410: The partnership further. The tender was again canceled due to a lack of interested buyers. In March 2013, Serbia's Minister of Finance Mlađan Dinkić traveled to Abu Dhabi to propose that Etihad Airways take a stake in Jat in order to renew their fleet. In April it was confirmed that Etihad added Belgrade to their summer timetable as a part of the initiative to become a co-owner of Jat alongside

2596-469: The route Belgrade–Chicago was established. Two more brand new Boeing 727s were added to the fleet. In 1981, Cleveland was added as a stopover on route Belgrade–Chicago. The same year the JAT fleet counted 28 planes 2 DC-10 , 13 DC-9 , 4 Boeing 707 and 9 Boeing 727 . In 1983, Jat introduced new routes to Alger and Thessaloniki and ceasing route to Beijing. In 1984, the Belgrade–Toronto route

2655-471: The same font as the main logo. Not all of the aircraft received this update as the livery was updated again with the introduction of the new name "Jat Airways". On 20 March 2003, the airline changed its name to Jat Airways. A national competition was held to design the new logo and livery. The winning design had three dots on the tail: blue, red and blue. The fuselage of the aircraft had a large Jat Airways title, with Jat in red and Airways in blue. The new logo

2714-428: The same time introducing a new frequent flyer program. The government of Serbia made two unsuccessful attempts to privatize Jat Airways, in 2008 and 2011. On 16 January 2008, the government of Serbia announced it would sell a 51% stake in the airline. The starting price for the airline's 51% share was €51 million, decreased from the earlier announced €150 million in order to increase interest. The tender

2773-530: The summer time to Greek, Turkish, Egyptian, Tunisian, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, French and Bulgarian holiday resorts. Jat Airways offers cargo services on all destinations in its network with special cargo only flights to Podgorica and Tivat in Montenegro, in addition to passenger flights as well. Legally a separate company from Jat Airways, Jat Tehnika provides services and maintenance for Jat's fleet and other airline companies, such as Jet2.com At

2832-499: The time of rebranding and before ceasing operations under the old name in October 2013, the Jat Airways fleet consisted of the following aircraft: Over the years, Jat Airways (JAT Yugoslav Airlines) has operated the following aircraft types: The Aeroput MMS-3 (reg. as YU-SAR) became the first passenger aircraft designed and made in Serbia in 1934 under Aeroput's brand name. Also Aeroput ordered two Spartan Cruiser II aircraft and

2891-551: The wreckage of a downed USAF F-117 Nighthawk and F-16 Fighting Falcon , both shot down during the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia in 1999. In addition, the collection consists of more than 130 aviation engines, more radars, rockets, various aeronautical equipment, over 20,000 reference books and technical documentation as well as more than 200,000 photographs. New 'Rocket and Radar' museum exhibition will be constructed. Existing missiles and radars in museum: Jat Airways This

2950-483: Was a USAF military depot used to convert the commercial DC-3s/C-47s into military use. They came in as commercial aircraft purchased from third-world airlines and were completely stripped, rebuilt, and reconditioned. Long-range fuel tanks were installed, along with upgraded avionics and gun mounts. They left as first-rate military aircraft headed for combat in Vietnam in a variety of missions. EC-47s were also operated by

3009-496: Was a Yugoslav flag on the tail, and on the body the words Jugoslovenski Aerotransport . Shortly afterwards the airline changed its livery and added a logo on the tail section with a red shaped egg on the tail in which JAT was written in white, a logo kept for the rest of the SFR Yugoslavia period. The rest of the tail was blue, with Yugoslav Airlines written on the fuselage in red. There were variations of this livery during

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3068-413: Was canceled after no company had submitted an offer following the deadline. In 2011, the Serbian government announced that it would create a successor to Jat Airways with a strategic partner. The new airline would assume all of Jat's healthy assets, codeshare agreements, aircraft and airport slots. Baltic Aviation Systems was the only company to purchase the tender documentation but decided not to pursue

3127-495: Was chosen over the Boeing 747-200 ) was purchased to succeed the Boeing 707s on longer-haul routes, although the 707s remained in service into the 1980s on ad hoc charters and as scheduled-flight replacement aircraft. The purchase of a DC-10-30 was followed several years later by the purchase of a medium-range aircraft. The same year, a new route to Beijing was added. In 1979, JAT carried almost 4 million passengers. In 1980,

3186-413: Was established. Jat was the official carrier and sponsor of the 1984 Winter Olympics . In 1985, JAT was the first European airline to purchase Boeing 737-300s . During those years, the company carried five million passengers annually and served 80 destinations on five continents (19 domestic, 45 medium-haul and 16 long haul routes). JAT also constructed a large hangar to accommodate wide-body aircraft and

3245-529: Was in many ways a turning point. Convair CV-340 and Convair CV-440 Metropolitan aircraft were purchased for short-haul and medium-haul routes, after which the Douglas DC-3 was used only on domestic routes. Multiple international and domestic routes were opened soon after. In 1957, six Ilyushin Il-14M aircraft were purchased. JAT purchased several Douglas DC-6Bs for long-haul routes in 1959. In 1963,

3304-409: Was launched on 1 April 1947 and replaced Aeroput in 1948. the name was changed to Jugoslovenski Aerotransport (abbreviated JAT ; "Yugoslavian Air Transport"), then to JAT Yugoslav Airlines and finally to Jat Airways on 8 August 2003. In 1946, it was apparent that the Yugoslav Air Force could not be involved in the nation's post-war build-up of civil aviation. Consequently, preparations were made for

3363-946: Was merged into Jat, one year after Intair Link had begun service. Jat sold its last DC-10-30 on 24 June 2005 to France-based company TAT Industries. During 2005, the company also phased out all remaining Boeing 727s and DC-9s . The last airworthy DC-9-32 was leased to the United Arab Emirates company Eastern SkyJets . By then, Jat Airways was not a member of any alliances or partnerships but did code share on some routes with Adria Airways , Aeroflot , Air France , Alitalia , Austrian Airlines , B&H Airlines , KLM , LOT Polish Airlines and TAROM . Jat Airways introduced their online booking system in September 2006 and electronic tickets in April 2007. Jat Airways celebrated 80 years of service on 17 June 2007. In 2007 and 2008

3422-448: Was renamed again on 8 August 2003. Jat Airways and their predecessors were one of the oldest airlines still in operation . Flight operations were based at Belgrade Nikola Tesla Airport , and the airline operated scheduled services to 72 international destinations, outside the areas formerly part of Yugoslavia, as well as charters and wet leases . Jat Airways was owned by the government of Serbia and had 1,250 employees. On 1 August 2013,

3481-399: Was the name Jat Airways written with three dots in blue, red and blue following it. Jat Airways painted only one aircraft in these colours, a Boeing 737-300 . Jat started painting its aircraft all white and in 2006, most aircraft were white with a small Jat Airways logo. In December 2006 the airline decided to return to its dot livery. By August 2007, all aircraft had been painted. The livery

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