119-574: Akina Nakamori ( 中森 明菜 , Nakamori Akina , born 13 July 1965) is a Japanese singer and actress . She is one of the most popular and best-selling artists in Japan. Akina achieved national recognition after winning the 1981 season of the talent show Star Tanjō! . Her debut single " Slow Motion " was released to moderate success, peaking at number thirty on the Oricon Weekly Singles Chart . Nakamori's popularity increased with
238-400: A choir . Singers may perform as soloists or accompanied by anything from a single instrument (as in art songs or some jazz styles ) up to a symphony orchestra or big band . Many styles of singing exist throughout the world. Singing can be formal or informal, arranged, or improvised. It may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort, as part of
357-461: A music director . Depending on the style of vocal music that a person has trained in, the "talent buyers" that they seek out may be record company , A&R representatives, music directors, choir directors, nightclub managers, or concert promoters. A CD or DVD with excerpts of vocal performances is used to demonstrate a singer's skills. Some singers hire an agent or manager to help them to seek out paid engagements and other performance opportunities;
476-455: A main role in the television drama Border Hanzai Shinri Sōsa File . She also performed the theme song " Ophelia ", written by Shimano Satoshi, which was released as a single on 21 January 1999. The title "Ophelia" comes from Shakespeares's famous play Hamlet . In this single, Nakamori tried to interpret the character Ofelia's sadness in lyrics; however, she also wanted to sing to all people who were suffering from pain and sadness. The B-Side track
595-512: A means of expression. Many successful artists can sing a deep, rich vibrato. Extended vocal techniques include rapping, screaming, growling, overtones, sliding , falsetto , yodeling , belting , use of vocal fry register , using sound reinforcement systems , among others. A sound reinforcement system is the combination of microphones, signal processors, amplifiers, and loudspeakers. The combination of such units may also use reverb, echo chambers and Auto-Tune among other devices. Vocal music
714-428: A particular part of the vocal range or type of vocal register ; a vocal resonance area; or a specific vocal timbre. Head voice can be used in relation to a particular part of the vocal range or type of vocal register or a vocal resonance area. In Men, the head voice is commonly referred to as the falsetto. The transition from and combination of chest voice and head voice is referred to as vocal mix or vocal mixing in
833-621: A pre-recorded recording of their vocal performance or, in the case of the controversial act Milli Vanilli , lip-syncing to tracks recorded by other uncredited singers. While some bands use backup singers who only sing when they are on stage, it is common for backup singers in popular music to have other roles. In many rock and metal bands, the musicians doing backup vocals also play instruments, such as rhythm guitar , electric bass, or drums. In Latin or Afro-Cuban groups, backup singers may play percussion instruments or shakers while singing. In some pop and hip hop groups and in musical theater ,
952-421: A recovery period. These stages must be under conscious control by the singer until they become conditioned reflexes. Many singers abandon conscious controls before their reflexes are fully conditioned which ultimately leads to chronic vocal problems. Vibrato is a technique in which a sustained note wavers very quickly and consistently between a higher and a lower pitch, giving the note a slight quaver. Vibrato
1071-634: A remix version of the hit single "Meu amor é..." among other new songs and sold 651,000 copies, debuting at number 1. In 1986, Nakamori's first single of that year, " Desire (Jōnetsu) " marked a more mature style of singing and song choice. It was the theme song of the Pioneer Private commercial and was awarded the Grand Prix at the 28th Japan Record Awards in 1986. She became the youngest winner of two consecutive years. It sold 516,000 copies and debuted at number 1. Her next single " Gypsy Queen "
1190-485: A rich timbre, because of the overtones due to the sympathetic resonance within the human body. Their names are derived from the area in which the singer feels these resonant vibration in the body. The chest register, more commonly referred to as the chest voice, is the lowest of the registers. When singing in the chest voice the singer feels sympathetic vibration in the chest. This is the register that people most commonly use while speaking. The middle voice falls in between
1309-584: A ritual, during music education or as a profession. Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction, and regular practice . If practice is done regularly then the sounds can become clearer and stronger. Professional singers usually build their careers around one specific musical genre , such as classical or rock , although there are singers with crossover success (singing in more than one genre). Professional singers usually take voice training provided by voice teachers or vocal coaches throughout their careers. In its physical aspect, singing has
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#17327918176001428-450: A sequence of shows. Aspiring singers and vocalists must have musical skills, an excellent voice, the ability to work with people, and a sense of showmanship and drama. Additionally, singers need to have the ambition and drive to continually study and improve. Professional singers continue to seek out vocal coaching to hone their skills, extend their range, and learn new styles. As well, aspiring singers need to gain specialized skills in
1547-513: A special concert titled Nakamori Akina True Live in Hyogo 's Kobe International House and Kanagawa's Pacifico Yokohama . She performed songs from her albums La Alteración and True Album Akina 95 Best . The live footage was never released as a regular DVD; however, it was included in the limited edition of her compilation album Utahime Densetsu: 90s Best. In 1996, she celebrated the 15th anniversary of her debut. In April 1996, she appeared on
1666-454: A specific kind of vocal coloration or vocal timbre. In classical singing, its use is limited entirely to the lower part of the modal register or normal voice. Within other forms of singing, chest voice is often applied throughout the modal register. Chest timbre can add a wonderful array of sounds to a singer's vocal interpretive palette. However, the use of an overly strong chest voice in the higher registers in an attempt to hit higher notes in
1785-411: A specific vocal role, applying such terms as soprano, tenor, baritone, etc. can be misleading or even inaccurate. Vocal registration refers to the system of vocal registers within the voice. A register in the voice is a particular series of tones, produced in the same vibratory pattern of the vocal folds , and possessing the same quality. Registers originate in laryngeal function. They occur because
1904-419: A subgenre within a subgenre such as vocalese and scat singing in jazz. In many modern pop musical groups , a lead singer performs the primary vocals or melody of a song , as opposed to a backing singer who sings backup vocals or the harmony of a song. Backing vocalists sing some, but usually, not all, parts of the song often singing only in a song's refrain or humming in the background. An exception
2023-495: A summer-like, up-tempo song because her previous singles were quiet ballads. The single debuted at number 15 on the Oricon Weekly Single Charts and charted for 5 weeks. On 21 July 1995, Nakamori released her 16th studio album La Alteración which included previously released singles with new arrangements. In Spanish , alteracion means change. As in her previous studio album, Nakamori was in charge of
2142-411: A well-defined technique that depends on the use of the lungs, which act as an air supply or bellows ; on the larynx , which acts as a reed or vibrator ; on the chest , head cavities and the skeleton, which have the function of an amplifier , as the tube in a wind instrument ; and on the tongue , which together with the palate , teeth , and lips articulate and impose consonants and vowels on
2261-446: Is music performed by one or more singers, which are typically called songs , and which may be performed with or without instrumental accompaniment, in which singing provides the main focus of the piece. Vocal music is probably the oldest form of music since it does not require any instrument or equipment besides the voice. All musical cultures have some form of vocal music and there are many long-standing singing traditions throughout
2380-555: Is aided by use of external intercostals , scalenes , and sternocleidomastoid muscles . The pitch is altered with the vocal cords . With the lips closed, this is called humming . The sound of each individual's singing voice is entirely unique not only because of the actual shape and size of an individual's vocal cords , but also due to the size and shape of the rest of that person's body. Humans have vocal folds which can loosen, tighten, or change their thickness, and over which breath can be transferred at varying pressures. The shape of
2499-400: Is also in alignment with the views of other academic fields that study vocal registration including speech pathology , phonetics , and linguistics . Although both methods are still in use, current vocal pedagogical practice tends to adopt the newer more scientific view. Also, some vocal pedagogists take ideas from both viewpoints. The contemporary use of the term chest voice often refers to
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#17327918176002618-546: Is broadly termed a song, although, in classical music , terms such as aria are typically used. Vocal music is written in many different forms and styles which are often labeled within a particular genre of music. These genres include popular music , art music , religious music , secular music , and fusions of such genres. Within these larger genres are many subgenres. For example, popular music would encompass blues , jazz , country music , easy listening , hip hop , rock music , and several other genres. There may also be
2737-405: Is connected with respiration; the articulators affect resonance; the resonators affect the vocal folds; the vocal folds affect breath control; and so forth. Vocal problems are often a result of a breakdown in one part of this coordinated process which causes voice teachers to frequently focus intensively on one area of the process with their student until that issue is resolved. However, some areas of
2856-480: Is credited as the main producer of the album. The album debuted at number 17 on the Oricon Weekly Album Charts and charted for three weeks. Between 21 June and 17 July, Akina held the national live tour Spoon Tour . The video footage was never released on DVD as of 2019. On 23 September 1998, she released her 37th single " Tomadoi " written by Juni. "Tomadoi" was selected as the theme song for
2975-538: Is currently no authoritative voice classification system within non-classical music. Attempts have been made to adopt classical voice type terms to other forms of singing but such attempts have been met with controversy. The development of voice categorizations were made with the understanding that the singer would be using classical vocal technique within a specified range using unamplified (no microphones) vocal production. Since contemporary musicians use different vocal techniques and microphones and are not forced to fit into
3094-498: Is five-part gospel a cappella music, where the lead is the highest of the five voices and sings a descant and not the melody . Some artists may sing both the lead and backing vocals on audio recordings by overlapping recorded vocal tracks. Popular music includes a range of vocal styles. Hip hop uses rapping , the rhythmic delivery of rhymes in a rhythmic speech over a beat or without accompaniment. Some types of rapping consist mostly or entirely of speech and chanting, like
3213-437: Is known as vocal resonation . Another major influence on vocal sound and production is the function of the larynx which people can manipulate in different ways to produce different sounds. These different kinds of laryngeal function are described as different kinds of vocal registers . The primary method for singers to accomplish this is through the use of the singer's formant ; which has been shown to match particularly well to
3332-563: Is more common to explain registration events based on the physical sensations they feel when singing. Titze also explains that there are discrepancies in the terminology used to talk about vocal registration between speech pathologists and singing teachers. Since this article discusses the passaggio , which is a term used by classical singers, the registers will be discussed as they are in the field of singing rather than speech pathology and science. The three main registers, described as head, middle (mixed), and chest voice, are described as having
3451-433: Is often required to access the pitches within these registers. Men and women with lower voices rarely sing in these registers. Lower-voiced women in particular receive very little if any training in the flageolet register. Men have one more additional register called the strohbass , which lies below the chest voice. Singing in this register is hard on the vocal cords, and therefore, is hardly ever used. Vocal pedagogy
3570-951: Is often used within opera to associate possible roles with potential voices. There are currently several different systems in use within classical music including the German Fach system and the choral music system among many others. No system is universally applied or accepted. However, most classical music systems acknowledge seven different major voice categories. Women are typically divided into three groups: soprano , mezzo-soprano , and contralto . Men are usually divided into four groups: countertenor , tenor , baritone , and bass . With regard to voices of pre-pubescent children, an eighth term, treble , can be applied. Within each of these major categories, several sub-categories identify specific vocal qualities like coloratura facility and vocal weight to differentiate between voices. Within choral music , singers' voices are divided solely on
3689-457: Is the pulse or wave in a sustained tone. Vibrato occurs naturally and is the result of proper breath support and a relaxed vocal apparatus. Some studies have shown that vibrato is the result of a neuromuscular tremor in the vocal folds. In 1922 Max Schoen was the first to make the comparison of vibrato to a tremor due to change in amplitude, lack of automatic control and it being half the rate of normal muscular discharge. Some singers use vibrato as
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3808-527: Is the study of the teaching of singing. The art and science of vocal pedagogy has a long history that began in Ancient Greece and continues to develop and change today. Professions that practice the art and science of vocal pedagogy include vocal coaches , choral directors , vocal music educators , opera directors , and other teachers of singing. Vocal pedagogy concepts are a part of developing proper vocal technique . Typical areas of study include
3927-740: Is to maintain an even timbre throughout the passaggio. Through proper training, it is possible to produce a resonant and powerful sound. One cannot adequately discuss the vocal passaggio without having a basic understanding of the different vocal registers. In his book The Principles of Voice Production , Ingo Titze states, "The term register has been used to describe perceptually distinct regions of vocal quality that can be maintained over some ranges of pitch and loudness." Discrepancies in terminology exist between different fields of vocal study, such as teachers and singers, researchers, and clinicians. As Marilee David points out, "Voice scientists see registration primarily as acoustic events." For singers, it
4046-481: The Parco Theatre. It was her first live show in two years. The set-list consists of songs from two previously released albums, Utahime and Unbalance+Balance with a small number of previously released hits. DVD footage of the performance was released on 24 March 1995. On 21 June 1995, she released her 31st single " Genshi, Onna wa Taiyō Datta ", written by Neko Oikawa . Akina stated she wanted to record
4165-434: The " death growl ". One difference between live performances in the popular and Classical genres is that whereas Classical performers often sing without amplification in small- to mid-size halls, in popular music, a microphone and PA system (amplifier and speakers) are used in almost all performance venues, even a small coffee house. The use of the microphone has had several impacts on popular music. For one, it facilitated
4284-477: The 13th century when it was distinguished from the "throat voice" (pectoris, guttoris, capitis—at this time it is likely that head voice referred to the falsetto register ) by the writers Johannes de Garlandia and Jerome of Moravia . The terms were later adopted within bel canto , the Italian opera singing method, where chest voice was identified as the lowest and head voice the highest of three vocal registers:
4403-407: The Grand Prix award at the 27th Japan Record Awards . She became the youngest person at the time (20) to be given the award. Originally, the single was to be titled " Akaitori Nigeta " (The red bird flies away), but the producers felt that the lyrics were not Samba -ish enough. "Meu amor é..." was the result of the newly penned lyrics. "Akaitori Nigeta" was released as a 12-inch single instead, making
4522-460: The Jamaican " toasting ". In some types of rapping, the performers may interpolate short sung or half-sung passages. Blues singing is based on the use of the blue notes – notes sung at a slightly lower pitch than that of the major scale for expressive purposes. In heavy metal and hardcore punk subgenres, vocal styles can include techniques such as screams , shouts, and unusual sounds such as
4641-478: The Japanese television drama 39Sai no Aki . B-side track Good-bye tears was also chosen as the theme song for a Japanese television drama, Shichinin no OL Sommelier , in which Akina played a minor role. The single debuted at number forty on the Oricon Weekly Single Charts. On 3 and 4 November 1998, she held a special live show Symphonic Concert '98 with Symphonic A Orchestra . In January 1999, Nakamori played
4760-491: The MCA Victor label. In 2002, a re-mastered album with the renewed title Shaker +3 was released under Universal Music. This version of the album included three additional tracks, singles with the original arrangement, and one b-side track. Between 3 May and 21 June 1997, she held a live tour titled Felicidad, her first tour in almost 9 years. The DVD footage was released on 22 September 1997 through Universal Music. After
4879-581: The No.1 spot as well. It also contained the remixed b-side Babylon and sold 354,000 overall. She then released " Sand Beige (Sabaku e) " which sold 461,000 copies and debuted at number 1. Her next single, " Solitude " also debuted at number 1 and sold 336,000 copies. She also released two albums in 1985. Firstly, Bitter and Sweet , which contained the album version of the earlier hit of "Kazari ja Nai no yo Namida wa" and "BABYLON." It sold 556,000 copies and debuted at number 1 again. Her next album, D404ME , only had
Akina Nakamori - Misplaced Pages Continue
4998-552: The Oricon Single Weekly Charts. The B-side track Arashi no Nakade was written by the Russian singer Origa . It was one of her worst-selling singles throughout her two-decade career. On 17 June 1998, Nakamori released her eighteenth studio album Spoon . The album included two previously released promotional singles. Five out of eleven songs were arranged by Ikurō Fujiwara . In the album booklet, Nakamori
5117-464: The Oricon Weekly Album Charts and charted for 5 weeks. On 21 February 1997, she released her 34th single " Appetite ", written by Seriko Natsuno and U-ki. It was released as the lead single to her upcoming studio album. For Nakamori, it was one of the most difficult melodies to practice. The single debuted at number 46 on the Oricon Weekly Single Charts and charted for 4 weeks. On 21 March 1997, Nakamori released her 17th studio album Shaker . Nakamori
5236-482: The Oricon Weekly Album charts and charted for one week. In 2000, Nakamori signed a temporary contract with the music production company Koubouraku and established a private office called Faith (nowadays known as a Nakamori fan club, Faithway). Between 18 May and 27 June 2000, she held a national acoustic tour Akina Nakamori 2000: 21 Seiki he . It was her first national tour in two years. Video footage of
5355-442: The Oricon Weekly Single Charts. Singing Singing is the act of creating musical sounds with the voice . A person whose profession is singing is called a singer , artiste or vocalist (in jazz or popular music ). Singers perform music ( arias , recitatives , songs , etc.) that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments . Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as
5474-490: The Oricon Weekly Single Charts. It is Akina's worst-selling single as of 2019. The B-side track Yuki no Hana , subtitled White X'mas , was a rearranged version of a previously released studio album track. Some fans regard the studio album Will as a compilation album from the Gauss label. It included two previously released singles and remixes of previously released album tracks and Gauss singles. The album track Tsuki no Hohoemi
5593-607: The Shock ." The first two debuted at No. 1. In 1989, Nakamori only released one single due to her mental health at the time. " Liar " became her 20th No. 1 single. The single was rumored to reflect her feelings about Kondō. It came as a shock to the public when news of her attempted suicide in Kondō's apartment broke in July 1989, after he called off their engagement. She was found and hospitalized. After her physical recovery, she retreated from
5712-412: The amplified sound. Though these four mechanisms function independently, they are nevertheless coordinated in the establishment of a vocal technique and are made to interact upon one another. During passive breathing, air is inhaled with the diaphragm while exhalation occurs without any effort. Exhalation may be aided by the abdominal , internal intercostal and lower pelvis/pelvic muscles. Inhalation
5831-457: The art of singing are so much the result of coordinated functions that it is hard to discuss them under a traditional heading like phonation, resonation, articulation, or respiration. Once the voice student has become aware of the physical processes that make up the act of singing and of how those processes function, the student begins the task of trying to coordinate them. Inevitably, students and teachers will become more concerned with one area of
5950-415: The backup singers may be required to perform elaborately choreographed dance routines while they sing through headset microphones. The salaries and working conditions for vocalists vary a great deal. While jobs in other music fields such as music education choir conductors tend to be based on full-time, salaried positions, singing jobs tend to be based on contracts for individual shows or performances, or for
6069-435: The balance between low and high pitches was difficult for her to sing. The single debuted at 19 on the Oricon Weekly Single Charts and sold 94k copies. The B-side track was a remastered version of the previous album track Tsuki ga Aoku , which was released on the studio album Shaker . On 21 May 1998, Nakamori released her thirty-sixth single " Kon'ya, Nagareboshi ", written by Keiko Utsumi. The single debuted at number 66 on
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#17327918176006188-405: The baritone must sing tenor or bass. Either option can present problems for the singer, but for most singers, there are fewer dangers in singing too low than in singing too high. Within contemporary forms of music (sometimes referred to as contemporary commercial music ), singers are classified by the style of music they sing, such as jazz, pop, blues, soul, country, folk, and rock styles. There
6307-419: The basis of vocal range. Choral music most commonly divides vocal parts into high and low voices within each sex (SATB, or soprano, alto, tenor, and bass). As a result, the typical choral situation gives many opportunities for misclassification to occur. Since most people have medium voices, they must be assigned to a part that is either too high or too low for them; the mezzo-soprano must sing soprano or alto and
6426-546: The body are put in place. The ability to move air in and out of the body freely and to obtain the needed quantity of air can be seriously affected by the posture of the various parts of the breathing mechanism. A sunken chest position will limit the capacity of the lungs, and a tense abdominal wall will inhibit the downward travel of the diaphragm. Good posture allows the breathing mechanism to fulfill its basic function efficiently without any undue expenditure of energy. Good posture also makes it easier to initiate phonation and to tune
6545-418: The body. There are eight components of the ideal singing posture: Natural breathing has three stages: a breathing-in period, breathing out period, and a resting or recovery period; these stages are not usually consciously controlled. Within singing, there are four stages of breathing: a breathing-in period (inhalation); a setting up controls period (suspension); a controlled exhalation period (phonation); and
6664-563: The careful and systematic practice of both songs and vocal exercises. Vocal exercises have several purposes, including warming up the voice; extending the vocal range; "lining up" the voice horizontally and vertically; and acquiring vocal techniques such as legato, staccato, control of dynamics, rapid figurations, learning to sing wide intervals comfortably, singing trills, singing melismas and correcting vocal faults. Vocal pedagogists instruct their students to exercise their voices in an intelligent manner. Singers should be thinking constantly about
6783-500: The chest and neck , the position of the tongue , and the tightness of otherwise unrelated muscles can be altered. Any one of these actions results in a change in pitch , volume ( loudness ), timbre , or tone of the sound produced. Sound also resonates within different parts of the body and an individual's size and bone structure can affect the sound produced by an individual. Singers can also learn to project sound in certain ways so that it resonates better within their vocal tract. This
6902-404: The chest can lead to forcing. Forcing can lead consequently to vocal deterioration. Passaggio ( Italian pronunciation: [pasˈsaddʒo] ) is a term used in classical singing to describe the transition area between the vocal registers . The passaggi (plural) of the voice lie between the different vocal registers, such as the chest voice , where any singer can produce a powerful sound,
7021-425: The chest or head. They argue that the vibratory sensations which are felt in these areas are resonance phenomena and should be described in terms related to vocal resonance , not to registers. These vocal pedagogists prefer the terms chest voice and head voice over the term register. This view believes that the problems which people identify as register problems are really problems of resonance adjustment. This view
7140-467: The chest voice and head voice. The head register, or the head voice, is the highest of the main vocal registers. When singing in the head voice, the singer may feel sympathetic vibration occurring in the face or another part of the head. Where these registers lie in the voice is dependent on sex and the voice type within each sex. There are an additional two registers called falsetto and flageolet register, which lie above their head register. Training
7259-440: The chest, passagio , and head registers. This approach is still taught by some vocal pedagogists today. Another current popular approach that is based on the bel canto model is to divide both men and women's voices into three registers. Men's voices are divided into "chest register", "head register", and "falsetto register" and woman's voices into "chest register", "middle register", and "head register". Such pedagogists teach that
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#17327918176007378-501: The death of Kondō's mother. It sold 431,000 copies and debuted at number 1. She released only one album in 1987, an unsuccessful English debut album titled Cross My Palm . Reasons for its lack of success include Nakamori's heavily accented English and lack of promotion in the U.S. Nonetheless, it was a hit in Japan, selling 343,000 copies and debuting at number 1. On March 3, 1988, Nakamori released album Stock . Three singles were released in 1988, " Al-Mauj ", " Tattoo " and " I Missed
7497-459: The development of intimate, expressive singing styles such as " crooning " which would not have enough projection and volume if done without a microphone. As well, pop singers who use microphones can do a range of other vocal styles that would not project without amplification, such as making whispering sounds, humming, and mixing half-sung and sung tones. As well, some performers use the microphone's response patterns to create effects, such as bringing
7616-407: The first broadcast of the Japanese variety program SMAP×SMAP , performing Kazari ja Nai no yo Namida wa, Tattoo, Ganbarimashou and Desire with the band Smap . Between 12 and 20 May 1996, Nakamori held her first Dinner Show Tour, 1996 Dinner Show . On 7 August 1996, Nakamori released her 33rd single " Moonlight Shadow: Tsuki ni Hoero " written by Toshihiko Takamizawa Tetsuya Komuro . It
7735-490: The first of her seven official performances on the NHK Kōhaku Uta Gassen on 31 December 1983, the 34th edition of the show. In 1984, Nakamori released " Kita Wing ", which sold 614,000 copies and debuted at number 2 and remained at that position for 6 weeks. "Kita Wing" is also rumored to be Momoe Yamaguchi 's favorite Nakamori Song. Yamaguchi is Nakamori's idol. Her next single " Southern Wind " brought her back to
7854-866: The following week, staying at the top for nine weeks. It sold 766,000 copies then, and to date has sold almost one million. In addition to the single releases, Nakamori also released two albums titled Prologue and Variation that year, which sold 453,000 and 743,000 copies respectively. The following year, Nakamori released three singles, two studio albums, and her first best-of album. The singles were " ½ no Shinwa ", which sold 573,000 copies and debuted at #1, making it her best-selling single of that year; " Twilight (Yūgure Dayori) ", released in May, which sold 430,000 copies and debuted at #2; and " Kinku ", her last single of that year, which debuted at #1 and sold 511,000 copies. All three albums, Fantasy , New Akina Etranger and Best Akina Memoires hit No. 1. Nakamori made
7973-555: The following: Singing when done with proper vocal technique is an integrated and coordinated act that effectively coordinates the physical processes of singing. There are four physical processes involved in producing vocal sound: respiration , phonation , resonation , and articulation . These processes occur in the following sequence: Although these four processes are often considered separately when studied, in actual practice, they merge into one coordinated function. With an effective singer or speaker, one should rarely be reminded of
8092-518: The head register is a vocal technique used in singing to describe the resonance felt in the singer's head. However, as knowledge of physiology has increased over the past two hundred years, so has the understanding of the physical process of singing and vocal production. As a result, many vocal pedagogists, such as Ralph Appelman at Indiana University and William Vennard at the University of Southern California , have redefined or even abandoned
8211-640: The internal sounds correspond to the desired sounds required by the style of singing the student aims to re-create. An important goal of vocal development is to learn to sing to the natural limits of one's vocal range without any obvious or distracting changes of quality or technique. Vocal pedagogists teach that a singer can only achieve this goal when all of the physical processes involved in singing (such as laryngeal action, breath support, resonance adjustment, and articulatory movement) are effectively working together. Most vocal pedagogists believe in coordinating these processes by (1) establishing good vocal habits in
8330-409: The kind of sound they are making and the kind of sensations they are feeling while they are singing. Learning to sing is an activity that benefits from the involvement of an instructor. A singer does not hear the same sounds inside his or her head that others hear outside. Therefore, having a guide who can tell a student what kinds of sounds he or she is producing guides a singer to understand which of
8449-474: The lowest within the body to the highest, these areas are the chest , the tracheal tree , the larynx itself, the pharynx , the oral cavity , the nasal cavity , and the sinuses . Chest voice and head voice are terms used within vocal music . The use of these terms varies widely within vocal pedagogical circles and there is currently no one consistent opinion among vocal music professionals in regards to these terms. Chest voice can be used in relation to
8568-579: The main arranger was Akira Senju . The album debuted at number 5 on the Oricon Weekly Album Charts and charted for 9 weeks. In 2002, a re-mastered version of the album was released through Universal Music. On 13 April 1994, Nakamori played a role as the first suspect on the TV Series Furuhata Ninzaburō in the episode titled "The Shoujo Manga Murderer". On 2 September 1994, Nakamori released her 29th single " Yoru no Doko ka de (Night Shift) ", written by Tsugutoshi Gotō . The single
8687-569: The main production of the album. The album jacket was shot in Morocco. The album debuted at number 7 on the Oricon Weekly Album Charts and charted for 8 weeks. In 2002, Nakamori released a re-mastered album with the renewed title La Alteración +4 through Universal Music. This version of the album included four more additional tracks, two singles, and the b-side tracks released in 1995. On 1 November 1995, Nakamori released her 32nd single " Tokyo Rose ", produced by Brian Setzer , who played guitar on
8806-434: The mic very close to the mouth to get an enhanced bass response, or, in the case of hip-hop beatboxers , doing plosive "p" and "b" sounds into the mic to create percussive effects. In the 2000s, controversy arose over the widespread use of electronic Auto-Tune pitch correction devices with recorded and live popular music vocals. Controversy has also arisen due to cases where pop singers have been found to be lip-syncing to
8925-404: The middle voice, and the head voice , where a penetrating sound is accessible, but usually only through vocal training. The historic Italian school of singing describes a primo passaggio and a secondo passaggio connected through a zona di passaggio in the male voice and a primo passaggio and secondo passaggio in the female voice. A major goal of classical voice training in classical styles
9044-589: The most comfortable tessitura of the voice, and then (2) slowly expanding the range. There are three factors that significantly affect the ability to sing higher or lower: McKinney says, "These three factors can be expressed in three basic rules: (1) As you sing higher, you must use more energy; as you sing lower, you must use less. (2) As you sing higher, you must use more space; as you sing lower, you must use less. (3) As you sing higher, you must use more depth; as you sing lower, you must use less." The singing process functions best when certain physical conditions of
9163-440: The most sensitive part of the ear 's frequency range. It has also been shown that a more powerful voice may be achieved with a fatter and fluid-like vocal fold mucosa. The more pliable the mucosa, the more efficient the transfer of energy from the airflow to the vocal folds. In European classical music and opera , voices are treated like musical instruments . Composers who write vocal music must have an understanding of
9282-585: The music stream website Music@nifty, then as a standard CD three months later. Between 6 June and 13 July, she held a national tour titled All About Akina 20th Anniversary It's Brand New Day. It was her national tour in a year. On 27 September, the whole show was released on DVD under the Tokuma Japan Communications record label. The live footage was recorded on 22 June at Tokyo International Forum . 2002 marked 20 years since Nakamori debuted. Nakamori switched management from Koubouroku to
9401-775: The number 1 spot, though it sold less than its predecessor at 544,000 copies. " Jukkai (1984) " proved to be another number 1 for her, selling 611,000 copies. The 9th single, " Kazari ja Nai no yo Namida wa " proved to be a turning point in Akina Nakamori's career as the song is considered difficult to sing with fast lyrics. It debuted at number 1 and sold 625,000 copies. Many in Japan cite this song and her 1986 single, " Desire (Jōnetsu) ", as Nakamori's signature song. Her two album releases of that year, Anniversary and Possibility both fared well and hit No. 1. Nakamori kicked off 1985 with " Meu amor é... ," which debuted #1 with 631,000 copies sold ultimately and also winning Nakamori
9520-411: The physiology of laryngeal function: the vocal fry register , the modal register , the falsetto register , and the whistle register . This view is also adopted by many vocal pedagogues. Vocal resonation is the process by which the basic product of phonation is enhanced in timbre or intensity by the air-filled cavities through which it passes on its way to the outside air. Various terms related to
9639-399: The private office Faith, and transferred to her current record label, Universal Music. To celebrate her first release under her new recording company, she released a cover album titled Zero Album: Utahime 2 on 20 March 2002. In the album booklet, she was credited as the album's main producer. The album debuted at number 10 on the Oricon Weekly Album Charts. It was her first album to debut in
9758-404: The process involved as their mind and body are so coordinated that one only perceives the resulting unified function. Many vocal problems result from a lack of coordination within this process. Since singing is a coordinated act, it is difficult to discuss any of the individual technical areas and processes without relating them to others. For example, phonation only comes into perspective when it
9877-444: The public eye for a while. Her return to the music scene in 1990 was met with skepticism and curiosity, propelling the single " Dear Friend " to No. 1. Nakamori once claimed that Dear Friend is perhaps her only happy song. Nevertheless, she reverted to melancholic, jilted love songs that ultimately did not go well with the public's taste. Her next single " Mizu ni Sashita Hana " became her 21st Oricon #1 single, but she could not reach
9996-557: The recording producer, Nakamori distanced herself from her casual style, and, along with her new music production staff, aimed more for a contemporary style with this release. The single debuted at number 10 on the Oricon Weekly Single charts and charted for 5 weeks. On 24 March 1994, Nakamori had a double release for her 28th single: her first cover single " Kataomoi ", originally performed by Mie Nakao , and her first cover album Utahime . The double A-side track " Aibu "
10115-460: The recording. It was her first single in the rockabilly genre. The single debuted at number 32 on the Oricon Weekly Single Charts and charted for 4 weeks. On 6 December 1995, Nakamori released a compilation album True Album Akina 95 Best . It was her first compilation album released under the label, MCA Victor. The compilation album was divided into a 3-CD set: World Disc, Wild Disc, and Whisper Disc, with 7 tracks included on each CD. Nakamori
10234-703: The release of her follow-up single, " Shōjo A ", which peaked at number five on the Oricon charts and sold over 390,000 copies. Her second album Variation became her first number-one on the Oricon Weekly Albums Chart, staying in that position for three weeks. She made her acting debut in 1985 with an appearance in the Japanese romance movie Ai, Tabidachi . After an extended hiatus from 2010 to 2014, Akina released two compilation albums, All Time Best: Original and All Time Best: Utahime Cover , both of which were commercially successful. Nakamori
10353-507: The release of her previous studio album Cruise . The production of the album started in spring 1992 in the United States, before Nakamori moved to her new recording company. The album consists of two previously released singles' B-side tracks, "Not Crazy to Me" and "Aibu". Not Crazy to Me had a renewed arrangement. Two of the album tracks were written by Nakamori herself. The album tracks Eien no Tobira and Kagerou are melodically
10472-461: The release of mini-album Wonder in 1988. Nakamori was once again the album producer. The mini-album consisted of four songs that weren't included in any studio album and appeared only once before in the first press edition of the compilation album Utahime Densetsu: 90s Best . Before the album's release, she performed all four songs in her second dinner tour show 1996 Xmas Dinner Show, held between 5 and 26 December. The album debuted at number 30 on
10591-437: The resonation process include amplification, enrichment, enlargement, improvement, intensification, and prolongation, although in strictly scientific usage acoustic authorities would question most of them. The main point to be drawn from these terms by a singer or speaker is that the result of resonation is, or should be, to make a better sound. There are seven areas that may be listed as possible vocal resonators. In sequence from
10710-458: The resonators as proper alignment prevents unnecessary tension in the body. Vocal pedagogists have also noted that when singers assume good posture it often provides them with a greater sense of self-assurance and poise while performing. Audiences also tend to respond better to singers with good posture. Habitual good posture also ultimately improves the overall health of the body by enabling better blood circulation and preventing fatigue and stress on
10829-585: The same, however, they have completely different lyrics and themes. The idea was realized thanks to Nakamori's proposal to change the arrangement. The album debuted at number 4 on the Oricon Weekly Album Charts and charted for 9 weeks. In 2002, through Universal Music, Nakamori released a re-mastered album with the renewed title Unbalance+Balance +6 . This version of the album included six more additional tracks, singles, and their b-side tracks released between 1993 and 1994. On 5 October 1994, she released her 30th single " Gekka " written by Shuugou Kajiwara. The single
10948-452: The second best-selling single in 1987. Her next single was " Blonde ", a Japanese-language version of "The Look That Kills" from her English-language album Cross My Palm . It sold 301,000 copies and added to her No.1 singles. Her most critically acclaimed single of that year was a heartfelt ballad called " Nanpasen ," an emotionally draining song that many people attributed to her rocky relationship with her then-boyfriend, Masahiko Kondō and
11067-407: The singer's performance. Vocal mixing can be inflected in specific modalities of artists who may concentrate on smooth transitions between chest voice and head voice, and those who may use a "flip" to describe the sudden transition from chest voice to head voice for artistic reasons and enhancement of vocal performances. The first recorded mention of the terms chest voice and head voice was around
11186-536: The single " Slow Motion ." Recorded in Los Angeles, the single was released on 1 May 1982 and sold 174,000 copies, reaching No. 30 on the Oricon charts. The second single, " Shōjo A " was nearly banned for its risque lyrics. This single fared better and peaked at No. 5, selling 396,000 copies. Her next single, a ballad titled " Second Love " proved to be her best-selling single. It debuted at No. 2 but reached No. 1
11305-700: The skills, talents, and vocal properties of singers. Voice classification is the process by which human singing voices are evaluated and are thereby designated into voice types . These qualities include but are not limited to vocal range , vocal weight , vocal tessitura , vocal timbre , and vocal transition points such as breaks and lifts within the voice. Other considerations are physical characteristics, speech level, scientific testing, and vocal registration . The science behind voice classification developed within European classical music has been slow in adapting to more modern forms of singing. Voice classification
11424-487: The technique than another. The various processes may progress at different rates, with a resulting imbalance or lack of coordination. The areas of vocal technique which seem to depend most strongly on the student's ability to coordinate various functions are: Singing is a skill that requires highly developed muscle reflexes. Singing does not require much muscle strength but it does require a high degree of muscle coordination. Individuals can develop their voices further through
11543-559: The top 10 on the Oricon Charts since her 1995 studio album La Alteración . On 2 May 2002, Nakamori released her forty-first single " The Heat (Musica Fiesta) ", written by Adya. It was also her first release under Universal Music. The B-side tracks were included in her studio album as instrumental recordings. In the media, the single was selected as the May ending theme for the TBS program Wonderful . The single debuted at number 20 on
11662-519: The top position again after that. In the autumn of 1990, she was slated to release a new studio album Gaze, which would include singles "Mizu ni Sashita Hana" and ten more songs written by writer Eikyo Kyo. Due to issues with the record label, soon after her two-day live concert Yume, Nakamori left Warner Pioneer and the album remained unreleased. In 1991 and 1992, Nakamori ventured into acting with varying success. Kome Kome Club 's 1992 single Kimi ga Iru Dake de , which sold over 2.89 million copies,
11781-404: The tour was included in the limited edition version of her compilation album All Time Best: Original , released in 2014. On 31 May 2001, Nakamori released the single " It's Brand New Day ", written by Adya. It was her first time releasing a single in two years, and her first R&B song. The single was released under the indies label @ease. The single was released at first as a digital single via
11900-468: The tour, she officially left MCA Records. In 1998, Nakamori moved to the Gauss Entertainment record label. In January, she played a main role in the Japanese television drama Tsumetai Tsuki . It was her first main role since Sugao no Mama de . She also performed the theme song " Kisei (Never Forget) ", written by Yasuhiro Suzu. The single was released on 11 February. Nakamori stated that
12019-416: The use of the terms chest voice and head voice. In particular, the use of the terms chest register and head register have become controversial since vocal registration is more commonly seen today as a product of laryngeal function that is unrelated to the physiology of the chest, lungs, and head. For this reason, many vocal pedagogists argue that it is meaningless to speak of registers being produced in
12138-440: The vocal folds are capable of producing several different vibratory patterns. Each of these vibratory patterns appears within a particular range of pitches and produces certain characteristic sounds. The occurrence of registers has also been attributed to the effects of the acoustic interaction between the vocal fold oscillation and the vocal tract. The term "register" can be somewhat confusing as it encompasses several aspects of
12257-461: The vocal techniques used to interpret songs, learn about the vocal literature from their chosen style of music, and gain skills in choral music techniques, sight singing and memorizing songs, and vocal exercises. Some singers learn other music jobs, such as the composing , music producing and songwriting . Some singers put videos on YouTube and streaming apps. Singers market themselves to buyers of vocal talent, by doing auditions in front of
12376-460: The voice. The term register can be used to refer to any of the following: In linguistics , a register language is a language which combines tone and vowel phonation into a single phonological system. Within speech pathology , the term vocal register has three constituent elements: a certain vibratory pattern of the vocal folds, a certain series of pitches, and a certain type of sound. Speech pathologists identify four vocal registers based on
12495-546: The world's cultures. Music which employs singing but does not feature it prominently is generally considered instrumental music. For example, some blues rock songs may have a short, simple call-and-response chorus, but the emphasis in the song is on the instrumental melodies and improvisation. Vocal music typically features sung words called lyrics , although there are notable examples of vocal music that are performed using non-linguistic syllables or noises, sometimes as musical onomatopoeia . A short piece of vocal music with lyrics
12614-470: Was Nakamori and Komuro's second collaboration since the single "Aibu". Komuro finished the composition around May and the recording in June. The B-side did not include new songs, instead including a remixed version of the lead track. The single debuted at number 14 on the Oricon Weekly Single Charts and charted for 7 weeks. On 18 December 1996, Nakamori released the mini album Vamp , her first mini-album since
12733-420: Was a calmer song than "Desire (Jōnetsu)" and sold 358,000 copies, debuting at number 1. The single " Fin " followed, and sold 318,000 copies, debuting at number 1. To commemorate her first four years in the business, Nakamori released her first " BEST " album. It sold 766,000 copies and debuted at number 1. Nakamori then released Fushigi , a concept album with echoing singing and obscure musical arrangement. It
12852-482: Was a shock for the mainly conservative Japanese public, and thus sold 464,000 copies, nearly 200,000 less than Crimson , an album composed in entirety by only women, which sold 601,000 copies. Both debuted at number 1, but Fushigi stayed at number 1 for only three weeks while Crimson topped the charts for four. In 1987, she released " Tango Noir ," which sold 348,000 copies and debuted at number 1. Even though sales of singles were declining, "Tango Noir" still became
12971-426: Was also an actress who died in 2019 at the age of 52. Shortly after her birth, the family moved to Kiyose , Tokyo, where she grew up. Her mother, a fan of Hibari Misora , made her listen to Hibari's songs and taught her how to sing. Eventually, Nakamori began to dream of becoming a singer under the influence of her mother. After Akina Nakamori won Star Tanjō! on her third attempt, she made her debut in 1982 with
13090-539: Was an alternative version of Ofelia under the title To Be , which was sung in English . The single debuted at number 29 on the Oricon Weekly Single Charts and charted for 8 weeks. The chief of the Gauss Entertainment recording label, Kazuhiro Chiba, caused issues throughout Nakamori's stay with the label: in late 1998, it was announced that a special birthday event would be held in July 1999, however, this
13209-420: Was born on 13 July 1965, in Ōta , Tokyo , the fifth child and third daughter of six brothers and sisters. Her father Akio Nakamori worked as a butcher and owned a meat shop. Nakamori and her siblings were all named after their father, Akio, bearing the kanji 明 ( aki ) in their names. Her mother named her "Akina", which means "a bright nanohana flower". Her younger sister Akiho Nakamori [ jp ]
13328-600: Was canceled without warning and the 8000-yen refund took about one year. In early December, at a special press conference, Chiba stated that Nakamori was a "troublemaker, who shouldn't exist in the music industry." The cancellation of her contract was announced at the end of the press conference. The cancellation was to take place in December. On 21 December 1999, Nakamori's final single with Gauss Entertainment, " Trust Me " (written by Kazuhiro Hara) and her 19th studio album, Will , were released. "Trust Me" debuted at number 57 on
13447-428: Was chosen as a theme song for the video game series Wizardry . The original soundtrack of Wizardry Digmuil included the acoustic and orchestral versions of this song, both written by Fujiwara. The album had only three new songs. On Nakamori's official website, the album is not even listed in the list of original studio albums. The album was produced by Gauss's director, Kazuhiro Chiba. The album debuted at number 52 on
13566-422: Was once again the album producer. The album consisted of two previously released singles with new arrangements. In the newspaper Asahi Shinbun, Nakamori explained that the album's melody crosses from digital into acoustic sounds and that she had carefully chosen songs that she could sing in her key. The album debuted at number 14 on the Oricon Weekly Album Charts and charted for 5 weeks. It was her final release under
13685-429: Was promoted as a commercial song for Miki Corporation 's Boutique Joy. In this single Nakamori returned to a more traditional melody, similar to her previous single Futari Shizuka, albeit with a more dramatic melody and difficult vibrato. The single debuted at number 8 on the Oricon Weekly Single Charts and charted for 7 weeks. Between 1 and 5 December 1994, she held a special live titled Utahime Parco Theatre Live in
13804-496: Was promoted as the ending theme for Nippon Television Network System news program NNN Kyou Dekigoto and the B-side track Rose Bud was promoted as the ending theme for Fuji TV talk program Shingo to Shinsuke no Abunai Hanashi . The single debuted at number 14 on the Oricon Weekly Single Charts and charted for 7 weeks. On 22 September 1993, Nakamori released her 15th studio album Unbalance+Balance . Four years had passed since
13923-412: Was the main producer of the album. The album consisted of re-arranged hits released in the '80s and various singles and album tracks released during the first half of the '90s. Wild Disc included the new unreleased song Shangrilla, exclusively recorded for that album. The album debuted at number 16 on the Oricon Weekly Album Charts and charted for 7 weeks. Between 12 and 16 December 1995, Nakamori held
14042-508: Was the theme song of Japanese television drama Sugao no Mamade, in which she played a leading role. In 1993, she transferred to the record company MCA Records and signed under the label MCA Victor . On 21 May 1993, she released her 27th single " Everlasting Love ", written and produced by Ryuichi Sakamoto . Two years had passed since the release of her previous single " Futari Shizuka: Tenkawa Densetsu Satsujin Jiken yori ". According to
14161-420: Was written by Tetsuya Komuro . This track is widely popular among fans, and Nakamori has performed it very often during live tours. Plans were made to release "Aibu" as a single, but it was decided that the start-up single would be "Everlasting Love." The single debuted at number 17 on the Oricon Weekly Single charts and charted for 8 weeks. The main producer of the cover album Utahime was Nakamori herself, and
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