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39-564: Albula may refer to: Places [ edit ] Albula, an old (possibly legendary) name of the Tiber river Switzerland [ edit ] Albula Range , a mountain range Albula (river) , a tributary of the Hinterrhein Albula District , a district in canton Graubünden until 2017 Albula/Alvra , a municipality Albula Pass Albula Railway , part of

78-420: A Mediterranean climate ( Köppen climate classification : Csa , a code indicating warm-temperate with dry, hot summers). Located on the coast, enjoys warmer winters and cooler summers than central Rome. The regional Metromare , which carries over 90,000 passengers a day, connects Rome's Ostia neighborhood to the centre of Rome, providing up to 12 journeys per hour during rush hour. The full length of

117-559: A century later. The heavy sedimentation of the river made maintaining Ostia difficult, prompting the emperors Claudius and Trajan to establish a new port on the Fiumicino in the first century AD. They built a new road, the Via Portuensis , to connect Rome with Fiumicino, leaving the city by Porta Portese (the port gate). Both ports were eventually abandoned due to silting. Several popes attempted to improve navigation on

156-520: A generally southerly direction past Perugia and Rome to meet the sea at Ostia . Known in ancient times as Flavus (Latin for 'the Blond';), in reference to the yellowish colour of its water, the Tiber has advanced significantly at its mouth, by about 3 km (2 mi), since Roman times, leaving the ancient port of Ostia Antica 6 kilometres (4 miles) inland. However, it does not form

195-467: A god named Tiberinus , is shown with streams of water flowing from his hair and beard. 41°44′26″N 12°14′00″E  /  41.7405°N 12.2334°E  / 41.7405; 12.2334 Ostia (town) Ostia ( / ˈ ɒ s t i ə / , Italian: [ˈɔstja] ; officially Lido di Ostia ) is a large neighbourhood in the Municipio X of the comune of Rome , Italy, near

234-461: A house property of the Diocesi of Rome, on their way back to Africa after Augustine's conversion to Christianity. Given the important position at the mouth of the Tiber, Cardinal Giuliano della Rovere ordered the construction of a fortress to defend the river to stem pirate raids; however, a major flood in 1557 diverted the course of the river, nullifying the strategic function of the fort, which

273-464: A kind of swamp and river bank weed ( Typha angustifolia ), Iberian hydronyms Tibilis , Tebro and Numidian Aquae Tibilitanae . Yet another etymology is from *dubri-, water, considered by Alessio as Sicel , whence the form Θύβρις later Tiberis. This root *dubri- is widespread in Western Europe e.g. Dover, Portus Dubris. According to legend, the city of Rome was founded in 753 BC on

312-406: A moth of family Crambidae Nevadopalpa albula , a moth of family Gelechiidae Nodozana albula , a moth of family Erebidae Spodoptera albula , a moth of family Noctuidae Other species [ edit ] Albula (fish) , a genus of ray-finned fish Coregonus albula , a whitefish of family Salmonidae Eurema albula , a butterfly of family Pieridae Hastula albula ,

351-409: A proportional delta , owing to a strong north-flowing sea current close to the shore, due to the steep shelving of the coast, and to slow tectonic subsidence . The source of the Tiber consists of two springs 10 m (33 ft) away from each other on Mount Fumaiolo . These springs are called Le Vene . The springs are in a beech forest 1,268 m (4,160 ft) above sea level . During

390-410: A sea snail of family Terebridae Menestho albula , a sea snail of family Pyramidellidae Phaeopate albula , a beetle of family Cerambycidae Stephanasterias albula , a starfish of family Asteriidae Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Albula . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

429-483: Is a reference to the original settlement in the eighth century BC at the mouth of the river Tiber and precisely called Ostia Tiberina . The settlement of Ostia, according to tradition, was built under the reign of the fourth king of Rome Ancus Marcius , around 630 BC, as the first official Roman colonia on the then coastline of the Tyrrhenian Sea and near the mouth of the Tiber river. Ostia Antica

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468-442: Is an active seaside resort , the official seaside resort of the city of Rome , equipped with beaches, dedicated facilities, restaurants, hotels and points of interest. Ostia, due to its historical roots and its natural characteristics, is an important tourist location . It is known and famous, as it was at its origins when it was completely regenerated during the fascist period, as the "Sea of Rome", and consequently has become one of

507-602: Is referred to as "swimming the Thames " or "crossing the Thames". In ancient Rome, executed criminals were thrown into the Tiber. People executed at the Gemonian stairs were thrown in the Tiber during the later part of the reign of the emperor Tiberius . This practice continued over the centuries. For example, the corpse of Pope Formosus was thrown into the Tiber after the infamous Cadaver Synod held in 897. In addition to

546-472: Is the exemption from military conscription during the Second Punic War . Later the port, partially blocked by a sandbank, became unsuitable for large ships and was replaced by the hexagonal port of Trajan . Already since the 3rd century it was the seat of the bishop of Ostia . Ostia Antica was especially important as the site of the death of Saint Monica (mother of Saint Augustine ) in 387 in

585-424: The 1930s, Benito Mussolini had an antique marble Roman column built at the point where the river rises, inscribed QUI NASCE IL FIUME SACRO AI DESTINI DI ROMA ("Here is born the river / sacred to the destinies of Rome"). An eagle is on the top of the column, part of its fascist symbolism . The first miles of the Tiber run through Valtiberina before entering Umbria. The genesis of the name Tiber probably

624-627: The Ostia quarter are Ostia Antica, Lido Nord, Lido Centro, Stella Polare, Castel Fusano and Cristoforo Colombo. Rome-Fiumicino airport is about 10km (6.2 mi) north from the center of Ostia, and is connected to it by the SS296 regional road. The sea quarter of Rome-Ostia is connected to central quarters of Rome and the Grande Raccordo Anulare (GRA) via the streets Via Cristoforo Colombo and Via Ostiense (SS8 bis). Cotral buses provide

663-579: The Rhaetian Railway Albula Region , which replaced Albula District in 2017 Albula Tunnel , located on the Albula Railway Zoology [ edit ] Moths [ edit ] Agrisius albula , a moth of family Erebidae Dichomeris albula , a moth of family Gelechiidae Machimia albula , a moth of family Oecophoridae Meganola albula , a moth of family Nolidae Metasia albula ,

702-519: The Tiber in the 17th and 18th centuries, with extensive dredging continuing into the 19th century. Trade was boosted for a while, but by the 20th century, silting had resulted in the river only being navigable as far as Rome. The Tiber was once known for its floods — the Campus Martius is a flood plain and would regularly flood to a depth of 2 m (6 ft 7 in). There were also numerous major floods; for example, on September 15, 1557

741-478: The ancient port of Rome, which is now a major archaeological site known as Ostia Antica . Ostia is also the only municipio or district of Rome on the Tyrrhenian Sea , and many Romans spend the summer holidays there. It is entirely situated within the municipality of Rome and is the city's seaside resort . Ostia was the port city of ancient Rome ; it had a strategic function for trade, especially for

780-402: The banks of the Tiber about 25 km (16 mi) from the sea at Ostia . Tiber Island , in the center of the river between Trastevere and the ancient city center, was the site of an important ancient ford and was later bridged. Legend says Rome's founders, the twin brothers Romulus and Remus , were abandoned on its waters, where they were rescued by the she-wolf, Lupa. The river marked

819-464: The border with the residential areas of Casal Palocco and Infernetto , while to the south it borders with Torvaianica , a frazione of the municipality of Pomezia . The territory is almost completely flat with small hilly reliefs made up of dunes . The vegetation is composed of Maquis shrubland ( macchia ) and there are several centuries-old pine forests made up of domestic and maritime pines , holly oaks , elms and poplars . Ostia has

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858-709: The boundary between the lands of the Etruscans to the west, the Sabines to the east and the Latins to the south. Benito Mussolini , born in Romagna , adjusted the boundary between Tuscany and Emilia-Romagna , so that the springs of the Tiber would lie in Romagna. The Tiber was critically important to Roman trade and commerce, as ships could reach as far as 100 km (60 mi) upriver; some evidence indicates that it

897-528: The king-list of Alba Longa , was said to have drowned in the River Albula, which was afterwards called Tiberis . The myth may have explained a memory of an earlier, perhaps pre-Indo-European name for the river, "white" ( alba ) with sediment, or "from the mountains" from pre-Indo-European word "alba, albion" mount, elevated area. Tiberis/Tifernus may be a pre-Indo-European substrate word related to Aegean tifos "still water", Greek phytonym τύφη

936-537: The line is 28.359 kilometres (17.621 mi). It has 13 stops, and the journey time is roughly 37 minutes. The Metromare railway intersects the metro line B at the EUR Magliana and Basilica San Paolo stations and at the terminus Roma Porta San Paolo , where it is possible to change to the station Piramide ( Rome Metro , Line B ) and with the Roma Ostiense railway station . Rail stops in

975-521: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Albula&oldid=1123607316 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Tiber The river rises at Mount Fumaiolo in Central Italy and flows in

1014-597: The most populous and sought-after neighborhoods in Rome. The main (and often crowded) free beaches of Ostia extend in the southern area, protected with dunes and rich in Mediterranean flora . The neighborhood is located on the Tyrrhenian coast, close to Acilia and separated from Fiumicino by the mouth of the Tiber . Other borders are the pine forest of Castelfusano and Viale dei Promontori, which represents

1053-460: The mouth of the Tiber and the sea, which at the time was closer to the city. The modern seaside resort, Lido di Ostia, is in fact located about 5 km (3 miles) south-west of the ancient city and about 28 km from center of Rome (17.4 miles). The name of Ostia derives from the Latin ostia , in turn plural of the neuter ostium i.e. 'mouth', or alternatively 'door, entrance'. The current placename

1092-583: The numerous modern bridges over the Tiber in Rome, there remain a few ancient bridges (now mostly pedestrian-only) that have survived in part (e.g., the Ponte Milvio and the Ponte Sant'Angelo ), or in whole ( Pons Fabricius ). In addition to bridges, the Metro trains use tunnels. Following the standard Roman depiction of rivers as powerfully built reclining male gods, the Tiber, also interpreted as

1131-522: The river flooded to a height of 62 feet above sea level and over 1,000 people died. The river is now confined between high stone embankments, which were begun in 1876. Within the city, the riverbanks are lined by boulevards known as lungoteveri , streets "along the Tiber". Because the river is identified with Rome, the terms "swimming the Tiber" or "crossing the Tiber" have come to be the shorthand term for converting to Roman Catholicism . A Catholic who converts to Protestantism, in particular Anglicanism,

1170-550: The riverside in Rome itself, lining the riverbanks around the Campus Martius area. The Romans connected the river with a sewer system (the Cloaca Maxima ) and with an underground network of tunnels and other channels, to bring its water into the middle of the city. Wealthy Romans had garden-parks or horti on the banks of the river in Rome through the first century BC. These may have been sold and developed about

1209-462: The seaside, and Ostia experienced a tourist boom. Italian intellectual, film director and poet Pier Paolo Pasolini was assassinated near the water aerodrome on 2 November 1975. In 1976, Ostia became part of the X Municipio of the comune of Rome. Nowadays, due to the expansion of the city, only the Park of Castelfusano separates Ostia from the other quarters of Rome. The Ostia quarter

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1248-520: The supply of grain, and as the main base of the Roman navy . It had a fundamental function during the Punic Wars , and after the final destruction of Carthage , and the end of Macedon's independence ; by the latter half of the 2nd century BC, Roman control over all of what was later to be dubbed Mare Nostrum ("our sea") had been established. The ancient city of Ostia stood in a strategic point near

1287-468: The time and the stylistic themes of Italian rationalism . New infrastructure, such as a second road to Rome (Via del Mare'), the promenade, and a water airport, were all built during this period. The new Via Cristoforo Colombo was built on the occasion of the 1942 universal exhibition, to connect the EUR district to Ostia and the center of Rome. After World War II , many bathing establishments were built on

1326-517: The waterfront. The new village was connected to central Rome through the new Via Ostiense, which was opened in 1907. During the Fascist period , the government massively expanded the neighbourhood, which got its ultimate architectural character due to many new buildings in Stile Littorio. The neighborhood was planned, and partially built, according to the urban planning criteria in force at

1365-457: Was founded in 1884, near the remains of Ostia Antica. This was possible after reclamation of the nearby marshland, which was infested by malarial mosquitos. The first inhabitants were peasants coming from Ravenna , in Romagna . Due to the opening of the urban Roma–Ostia railway in 1924, the new village soon became the favourite sea resort of the Romans, while many Art Nouveau houses were built on

1404-571: Was pre-Latin, like the Roman name of Tibur (modern Tivoli ), and may be specifically Italic in origin. The same root is found in the Latin praenomen Tiberius . Also, Etruscan variants of this praenomen are in Thefarie (borrowed from Faliscan *Tiferios , lit. '(He) from the Tiber' < *Tiferis 'Tiber') and Teperie (via the Latin hydronym Tiber ). Legendary king Tiberinus , ninth in

1443-501: Was supplanted by Tor San Michele and Tor Boacciana . An important stand in Italian nationalism of the 19th century was a veneration for the glories of the Roman past, manifested in a wish to revive or recreate various places and institutions connected with Ancient Rome. In 1871, the city of Rome became the capital of the new Kingdom of Italy . A recreation of Ostia was an obvious additional step. The modern neighbourhood of Ostia

1482-528: Was the port city of ancient Rome, and is often referenced in writings from the times of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire . It was the main port of Republican Rome, the main function of Ostia was that of supplying salt and grain although the archaeological site suggests that it had, in the beginning, an important military function as the base of the first Roman fleets. Proof of its importance

1521-543: Was used to ship grain from the Val Teverina as long ago as the fifth century BC. It was later used to ship stone, timber, and foodstuffs to Rome. During the Punic Wars of the third century BC, the harbour at Ostia became a key naval base. It later became Rome's most important port, where wheat , olive oil , and wine were imported from Rome's colonies around the Mediterranean. Wharves were also built along

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