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62-421: Alex Campbell was born at Redfern, New South Wales , the second son of George Campbell, an English -born Congregational minister. Before entering the ministry, George was a Moulder Journeyman, the occupation he gave at the time of his first marriage to Ann Hamilton. They were married in 1856, but she died without bearing any children in 1865. George went on to marry Mary Adam Petrie, Alexander's mother, in 1872. She

124-478: A Bachelor of Arts in 1904. After studying theology at Camden College , Glebe , he was ordained in his father's church at Burwood . Campbell married Margaret Elizabeth Beale, daughter of piano manufacturer Octavius Beale , in 1909. Campbell's deep concern for social justice led him to serve the community at large. In 1929 he was elected president of the Rotary Club of Sydney and he became vice-president of

186-614: A black power movement, centred around Aboriginal Australian migrants to the city, formed and resulted in the creation of health clinics, food drives, housing co-operatives and a legal aid centre. A green ban helped save the Redfern Aboriginal Centre in the 1970s and activists from Redfern created the Aboriginal Tent Embassy in Canberra. The 2004 Redfern riots began on 14 February 2004, at

248-636: A Labor state government and completed in 1989 under a Liberal Coalition government saw the City of Sydney split again, with southern suburbs forming the City of South Sydney , a moved that advantaged the government of the day, as the southern suburbs now in South Sydney Council had traditionally voted Labor. On 8 May 2003 the Labor state Government partially undid this change, when approximately 40% of

310-455: A bauble to be delivered as soon as possible to someone that the new government thinks is right and proper to hold the position [...] Given the history ... it is a little difficult to view the proposed changes as anything other than being a state government trying again to get its way on who should be Lord Mayor of Sydney." The Lord Mayor Clover Moore also expressed her opposition, seeing it as another attempt to attack her administration and that

372-433: A decade, City of Sydney ratepayers have also been forced to foot an annual bill of approximately $ 1 million to maintain the non-residential electoral roll. Nowhere else in this state do we see one group of voters favoured in this way. It erodes the democratic process and undermines the vital importance of giving residents and ratepayers a balanced voice in local council elections." The City of Sydney Amendment Act 2023 passed

434-467: A new municipality of South Sydney. South Sydney was brought back into the city in 1982, but became separate again under the City of Sydney Act of 1988 and then became smaller than its original size at 6.19 km . It grew again in February 2004 with the merger of the two council areas, and now has a population of approximately 170,000 people. These changes in boundaries have often resulted in control of

496-583: A nursery and seed business. Sydney's original railway terminus was built in Cleveland Paddocks and extended from Cleveland Street to Devonshire Street and west to Chippendale . The station's name was chosen to honour William Redfern. At that time, the present Redfern station was known as Eveleigh . When Central station was built further north on the site of the Devonshire Street cemetery, Eveleigh station became Redfern and Eveleigh

558-524: A result of the COVID-19 pandemic . When compared with total population growth of Australia of 8.81% between 2011 and 2016, population growth in the Sydney local government area was almost triple the national average. The median weekly income for residents within the City of Sydney was just under 1.5 times the national average. The proportion of dwellings in the City of Sydney that are apartments or units

620-477: A similar reputation to the former block on the other side of the suburb. St Vincent de Paul Catholic Church is on Redfern Street. St Saviour's Anglican Church (which is also known as one1seven church) is on Young Street. St George Antioch Orthodox Church is on the corner of Walker Street and Cooper Street built by the historic Lebanese community in the area. The Greek Orthodox Church in Cleveland Street

682-466: A year. Sydney has become a leader in the development of green office buildings and enforcing the requirement of all building proposals to be energy-efficient. The One Central Park development, completed in 2013, is an example of this implementation and design. Proposals to make all of Sydney's future buildings sustainable and environmentally friendly by using recycled water , rooftop gardens , efficient and renewable energy. The City of Sydney

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744-583: Is 78.5%, which is substantially different from the Australian average of 14.2%. The proportion of residents in the Sydney local government area that claimed Australian ancestry was approximately half the national average. Sydney City Council is composed of ten Councillors, including the Lord Mayor, for a fixed four-year term of office. The Lord Mayor is directly elected while the nine other Councillors are elected proportionally . The Deputy Lord Mayor

806-526: Is a local Junior Soccer Club. Redfern Gym opened in 1985 and many boxing world champions have trained there. Nikita Ridgeway established Australia's first indigenous hip-hop record label with her brother Stephen. Called Redfern Records, the label was named after the Sydney neighbourhood of Redfern they grew up in. A wall with a mural dedicated to one of the first Women in Rugby League was painted to honour Maggie Moloney , in 2022. St Paul's Place

868-474: Is an inner southern suburb of Sydney located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south of the Sydney central business district and is part of the local government area of the City of Sydney . Strawberry Hills is a locality on the border with Surry Hills . The area experienced the process of gentrification and is subject to extensive redevelopment plans by the state government, to increase the population and reduce

930-411: Is at 82–88 Renwick Street. At the 2021 census , Redfern had a population of 13,072, compared to 14,616 at the 2016 census . In 2021, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people making up 3.2% of the population and 52.0% of the population were born overseas. The most common countries of birth were England 4.8%, China 4.3%, New Zealand 3.0%, United States of America 1.4% and India 1.4%. 65.0% of

992-496: Is at the intersection of Cleveland Street and Regent Street in Redfern, bordering the suburb of Chippendale . Named in 1924, the square is the subject and title of the 1995 oil painting by Archibald prize-winning artist Nicholas Harding and is the current official place name according to the City of Sydney Spatial Services department as of 2023. In 1915, the site is pictured as the intersection of two tram lines. The square

1054-692: Is called the Cathedral of the Annunciation of Our Lady, formerly St Paul's Church of England built in 1848 and designed by Edmund Blacket . The St Andrew's Greek Orthodox Theological College sits beside it. Hillsong Church 's city campus is at 188 Young Street. There is also another cathedral, the St Maroun’s Cathedral for the Lebanese community. Redfern has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: The Aboriginal Dance Theatre Redfern

1116-611: Is elected annually by the councillors. The most recent election was held on 14 September 2024 , and the makeup of the council, including the Lord Mayor, is as follows: The current Council, elected in 2024, in order of election, is: Unlike all other local government area in NSW (which are governed under the Local Government Act, 1993 ), the City of Sydney is governed under the City of Sydney Act, 1988 . On 25 September 2014,

1178-505: Is known as the Lord Mayor of Sydney , currently held since 27 March 2004 by Clover Moore , who also served concurrently as the state Member of Parliament for Sydney and Bligh from 1988 to 2012. Suburbs within or partially within the City of Sydney are: Localities in the City of Sydney are: Urban places : The Geographical Names Board of New South Wales defines an urban place as a place, site or precinct in an urban landscape,

1240-644: Is the local government area covering the Sydney central business district and surrounding inner city suburbs of the greater metropolitan area of Sydney , New South Wales , Australia. Established by Act of Parliament in 1842, the City of Sydney is the oldest, and the oldest-surviving, local government authority in New South Wales, and the second-oldest in Australia, with only the City of Adelaide being older by two years. Given its prominent position, historically, geographically, economically and socially,

1302-574: Is unclear whether the metadata specifies a date of 1939 or 1933. Towards the south-east a Shell Service Station and the Camden Vale Milk Co Ltd building is visible in these photos and described in the captions. In 1954 a nameplate was installed bearing the name, along with four directional signs to St Pauls Church (now named Cathedral of the Annunciation of Our Lady ). A 1980 photograph depicted heavy traffic, and political graffiti where advertisements are currently located. In 1991

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1364-557: The New South Wales Society for Crippled Children which had been established during his presidency of Rotary. With a pleasant voice, Campbell was a regular speaker on radio and he was an early proponent of Australian intercommunion. Congregationalists in New South Wales "revered him as an inspiring preacher, a wise administrator and a beloved pastor". He died at Wahroonga and was survived by his wife, daughter and three sons. Redfern, New South Wales Redfern

1426-503: The 2016 election and maintained by Council at an annual cost of $ 1.7 million, the additional business roll was widely criticised as being an infringement on the democratic process and an attempt to gerrymander election results by the Liberal/National Coalition. At the time of the bill ABC election analyst, Antony Green , noted: "For eight decades both sides of NSW politics have viewed Sydney's Lord Mayoralty as

1488-611: The City Commissioners and the Main Roads Board agreed to progressively widen Cleveland Street between the Princes Highway and St Paul's Place, and between St Paul's Place and Chalmers Street. The square is portrayed in a number of photos held in the City of Sydney Archives. In the 1930s the road was re-aligned and resurfaced. City of Sydney archive photos depict the road before and after, however it

1550-489: The City of Sydney has long been a source of political interest and intrigue. As a result of this, the boundaries, constitution and legal basis of the council have changed many times throughout its history, often to suit the governing party of the State of New South Wales. The City of Sydney is currently governed under the City of Sydney Act, 1988 , which defines and limits the powers, election method, constitution and boundaries of

1612-494: The City of Sydney have changed fairly regularly since 1900. The bankrupt Municipality of Camperdown was merged with the city in 1909. As a result of the Local Government (Areas) Act 1948 , the municipalities of Alexandria , Darlington , Erskineville , Newtown , Redfern , The Glebe , Waterloo , and Paddington were added to the city. In 1968 the boundaries were changed and many of these suburbs moved to be part of

1674-484: The City of Sydney, representing 39% of all non-residential electors for the area. On 13 September 2023, Ron Hoenig , the Minister for Local Government in the new Labor state government of Chris Minns , announced that the government had introduced the City of Sydney Amendment Bill 2023 and planned to be implemented at the next elections scheduled for September 2024, that would reverse the 2014 amendment act and remove

1736-472: The Eveleigh Street entrance to the railway station, but youths in the crowd became violent, throwing bricks and bottles; this escalated into a riot. A subsequent inquest found that although the police were following Hickey, they had not caused the accident, a verdict that caused controversy in Redfern's Indigenous community. The riots sparked fresh debate into the welfare of Indigenous Australians and

1798-626: The LGA. Alternatively the Geographical Names Board of New South Wales provides an interactive map of the Sydney LGA. At the 2021 census , there were 211,632 people in the Sydney local government area, of these 52.3% were male and 47.7% were female. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 1.4% of the population. The median age of people in the City of Sydney was 34 years. Children aged 0 – 14 years made up 7.6% of

1860-686: The NSW Liberal/National Coalition Government of Mike Baird , in conjunction with the Shooters and Fishers Party in the Legislative Council, passed the City of Sydney Amendment (Elections) Act, 2014 , which allowed businesses to have two votes each in City of Sydney elections via a compulsory non-resident register that is maintained at the expense of the City Council. Implemented for

1922-554: The Parliament on 21 September, and received royal assent from the Governor on 27 September 2023, returning to the optional single business vote in city elections. The City of Sydney has adopted various policies to reduce the council's climate impact , including strategies implemented since the 2000s to reduce car pollution by investing in mass and public transit and introducing a fleet of 10 new Nissan Leaf electric cars ,

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1984-772: The Rugby Union Club, Waratah, and the Carlton Football Club from Melbourne . On 17 January 1908, the South Sydney Rabbitohs rugby football club was formed at Redfern Town Hall to compete in the first season of the New South Wales Rugby Football League premiership . In the 1960s and 70s, Liquidambar styraciflua trees were planted in Baptist Street in attempts to green and improve

2046-530: The S.H Ervin gallery in The Rocks , in the exhibition "Margaret Olley: painter, peer, mentor, muse" in 2017. It is in the collection of the Art Gallery of New South Wales . The City of Sydney Aerial Photographic Survey of 1949 displays photographs 82 and 83 with St Pauls Place in the title. The 1939 - 1952 City of Sydney Civic Survey depicts St Paul's Place on the map of Redfern (Map 18). In 2004,

2108-479: The South Sydney City Council area was merged back into the City of Sydney including Camperdown, Chippendale, Darlington, East Sydney, Kings Cross and Woolloomooloo. Glebe was also transferred back from Leichhardt Council to the City of Sydney. On 6 February 2004, the remaining parts of the South Sydney City Council were merged into the City of Sydney. Critics claimed that this was performed with

2170-536: The business vote is "complex, costly and has no clear public benefit." However, one supporter of the business vote was former councillor Angela Vithoulkas : "Businesses and property owners pay over 72% of the rates [in the City of Sydney], they deserve to have a voice and exercise their democratic right." Following the 2021 council elections , the NSW Electoral Commission issued 18,501 failure to vote notices and fines to non-residential electors in

2232-623: The compulsory double business voting roll, and return to the system of optional single business voting. On this announcement Hoenig commented: "The amendments were made by the Liberals in a brazen attempt to oust Sydney Lord Mayor Clover Moore from office and give the party an electoral advantage in controlling the Sydney Town Hall. As expected, the amendments have clearly missed their target with thousands of non-resident ratepayers being slugged with fines for not voting instead. For nearly

2294-523: The concentration of poverty in the suburb and neighbouring Waterloo (see Redfern-Eveleigh-Darlington ). The suburb is named after surgeon William Redfern , who was granted 100 acres (0.40 km ) of land in this area in 1817 by Lachlan Macquarie . He built a country house on his property surrounded by flower and kitchen gardens. His neighbours were Captain Cleveland, an officer of the 73rd regiment, who built Cleveland House and John Baptist, who ran

2356-529: The council adopted the Sustainable Sydney 2030 programme, which outlined various energy targets, such as a comprehensive plan to reduce energy in homes and offices within Sydney by 30%. In the commercial space, reductions in energy consumption have decreased energy bills by $ 30 million a year in more than half of office spaces, and solar panels ] have been installed on many CBD buildings in an effort to minimise carbon pollution by around 3,000 tonnes

2418-401: The council area. On 6 February 2004, the former local government area of the City of South Sydney , which itself had been created in 1989 from areas formerly part of the City of Sydney (including Alexandria , Darlington , Erskineville , Newtown and Redfern ), was formally merged into the City of Sydney and the current city boundaries date from this merger. The leader of the City of Sydney

2480-601: The council by the governing party in the Parliament of New South Wales at the time; the Labor Party often sought to have traditional working-class suburbs like Redfern, Erskineville, Alexandria and Waterloo included in the council area, and the Liberal Party and its predecessors often desired a smaller council area focused on inner-Sydney or a limited/broader voting franchise. A 1987 re-organisation initiated by

2542-445: The end of Eveleigh Street outside Redfern station , sparked by the death of Thomas 'TJ' Hickey. The teenager, riding on his bicycle, was allegedly being chased by a police vehicle, which led to his impalement on a fence. Members of his family were then reported to have started grieving for TJ around Eveleigh Street with a crowd gathering commiserating with the family. Fliers were distributed blaming police for TJ's death. The police closed

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2604-616: The houses on the Block. As a result, the area is important to the Aboriginal community. Eveleigh Street, which is part of 'The Block', is well known for its community. In 2004, much of the Eveleigh Street housing was demolished with plans for redevelopment, but it is still an area around which many people congregate. The AHC's plans for redevelopment are known as the Pemulwuuy Project . The plans were approved in 2009. Artwork on

2666-616: The intention of creating a "super-council" which would be under the control of Labor, which also controlled the NSW Government. Subsequent to this merger, an election took place on 27 March 2004 which resulted in the independent candidate Clover Moore defeating the high-profile Labor candidate, former federal minister Michael Lee and winning the position of Lord Mayor . The current City of Sydney Local Government Area (LGA) covers about 26.15 square kilometres (281,500,000 sq ft). City of Sydney provides an official map of

2728-557: The largest order of the vehicle in Australia. The council has also invested in bicycle infrastructure, and cycling trips have increased by 113% across Sydney's inner-city since March 2010, with approximately 2,000 bikes passing through top peak-hour intersections on an average weekday. The City of Sydney became the first council in Australia to achieve formal certification as carbon-neutral in 2008. The city has reduced its 2007 carbon emissions by 6% and since 2006 has reduced carbon emissions from city buildings by up to 20%. In 2008,

2790-438: The late 19th century, local businessmen George Dan in 1890, Stanton and Aziz Melick in 1888 and Shafiqah Shasha and Anthony and Simon Coorey in the 1890s were from Lebanon . ' The Block ' is an area in the immediate vicinity of Redfern station bounded by Eveleigh, Caroline, Louis and Vine Streets. The Aboriginal Housing Company (AHC) was set up as the first urban Aboriginal community housing provider, using grant money to purchase

2852-607: The name of which is in current use, but the limits of which have not been defined under the address locality program. The name Sydney comes from " Sydney Cove " which is where the English Governor (later Admiral) Arthur Phillip established the first settlement, after arriving with the First Fleet . On 26 January 1788, he named it after Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney , who was the Home Secretary at

2914-554: The new compulsory business register "placed an unworkable and costly burden on the council [...] One of the great flaws of the legislation was that it gives businesses two votes and residents just one, completely reversing one of the founding principles of Australia’s democracy: one vote, one value. [It] was not about business voting at all – it was about manipulating democracy." Moore's position has been supported by several community groups and also Labor Councillor and President of Local Government NSW, Linda Scott, who expressed her view that

2976-433: The outside of the local police boys club (PCYC) was made in the early 1990s. The front wall has a mural of a picture taken at Cleveland Street High School of a day when Dwayne "the D Train" McClain (former Sydney Kings player) visited the school. The picture has local sports stars such as Richard Bell, Bruce Swanson, Rossie Symmans, Nicholas Murray, Nathan Denzil, Jamie Sharpe, Lisa Mundine and Margaret Sutherland. The mural

3038-468: The physical environment. The notorious Redfern Mail Exchange was built in 1965, after 300 people were evicted from their homes on the 2.15-hectare (5.3-acre) site. It became the scene of many industrial disputes when the automatic mail-sorting machinery, which was supposed to sort mail more efficiently, destroyed many letters and became known as the Redfern Mangler. In the late 1960s and 1970s,

3100-416: The population and people aged 65 years and over made up 9.7% of the population. Of people in the area aged 15 years and over, 25.2% were married and 9.8% were either divorced or separated. Population growth in the City of Sydney between the 2006 Census and the 2011 Census was 4.57%; with a significant increase of 22.93% between 2011 and 2016; and a more modest increase of 1.56% between 2016 and 2021 likely as

3162-636: The population only spoke English at home, with the most important other languages being Mandarin (3.6%), Spanish (2.9%), Cantonese (2.1%), Greek (1.5%) and Russian (1.4%). 53.7% of the population marked no religion, higher than the national average . 14.2% were Catholic, 4.8% Anglican and 3.5% Buddhist. Redfern has become increasingly gentrified , with many medium and high density developments replacing low density and industrial developments. In 2021, 68.1% of residences were flats and 28.6% were semi-detached, row or terrace house, townhouse etc. Redfern has been characterised by successive migrant populations. In

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3224-504: The response of the police to those living in the Redfern area. The main shopping strip is located on Redfern Street, east of Redfern railway station. There are also commercial developments nearby, along Regent Street and surrounding streets. The Redfern skyline is dominated by the TNT Towers and two residential blocks located between Regent Street and Gibbons Street, beside Redfern railway station. Redfern railway station , located on

3286-510: The square was depicted in the UBD Street Directory as St Paul's Place. The City of Sydney Spatial Services department of the City of Sydney names St Paul's Place as the site name of the intersection in their internal GIS software as of 2023. The address of the intersection, with object 14244 is recorded as 4010 St Paul's Place, Redfern, 2016. In 1999, a development application for two sign structures to be built on council land

3348-407: The square was named in multiple photographs, one mentioning the road being widened and one stating "The intersection has been widened so that the traffic crossing Cleveland Street get a straighter flow." Between 1993 and 1995, Archibald prize winning artist Nicholas Harding created the painting titled "St Paul's Place, Redfern". He used oil on canvas on hardboard. It was most recently exhibited at

3410-545: The time, and the man responsible for the plan for the convict colony in Australia. The "City of Sydney" was established on 20 July 1842 by the Corporation Act which encompasses present-day Woolloomooloo , Surry Hills , Chippendale and Pyrmont , an area of 11.65 km . There were six wards established by boundary posts. These wards were: Gipps, Brisbane, Macquarie, Bourke, Cook and Phillip. A boundary post still exists in front of Sydney Square. The boundaries of

3472-478: The university in the morning, and back towards the station in a largely hourly rhythm in the afternoon. Redfern has many examples of Victorian terraced housing similar to other inner suburbs, such as Surry Hills and Paddington . Also, like some other inner-city suburbs, some parts of Redfern have been gentrified, whilst still retaining a large public housing estate shared with Waterloo, consisting of flats, terrace houses and high rise apartment blocks, developing

3534-519: The western edge of the suburb is a major station on the Sydney Trains network. Redfern is the first station south from Central Sydney terminus on the edge of the city. Redfern station is the closest station to the main campus of the University of Sydney at Camperdown and Darlington . A near-constant stream of commuters flows from the station along the south side of Lawson Street towards

3596-538: Was born in Paisley , Scotland . Both parents were 43 years of age at the time of Alex's birth. George and Mary were married for 30 years before Mary died in 1903. George died in 1915. Alex's brother George was older by just one year. He later worked as a Chemist , living in Petersham , Sydney with his wife. He was educated at Newington College (1891–1901) and the University of Sydney from where he graduated as

3658-610: Was officially named St Paul's Place in 1924. Correspondence relating to the naming of the intersection is documented in the Town Clerk's Department Correspondence Files between 7 October 1924 and 19 December 1924. The site also goes by the name St Paul's Square in the Dictionary of Sydney and on the City of Sydney History of Prince Alfred Park website. On 25 January 1930, the Sydney Morning Herald reported

3720-539: Was painted by probably the most notable artist of the 90's in the Redfern district, Sir Joseph Phillips. A number of sporting teams represent the local area. The South Sydney Rabbitohs NRL club was formed at the Redfern Town Hall on 17 January 1908. One of the oldest Aboriginal rugby league teams in Australia, the Redfern All Blacks , play at Redfern Oval . The Redfern Raiders Soccer Club

3782-772: Was rejected. As of August 2024, OpenStreetMap depicts at least 19 large format advertising billboards in St Paul's Place. The Redfern Estate Heritage Conservation Area page on the Department of Planning and Environment website in 2021 stated that recommended management included "Interpret original subdivision of Redfern Estate, and St Pauls Place" under "Protection of Significance", and "Interpret St. Pauls Place" under "Enhance Significance of Area". The 2011 Australian drama series Underbelly: Razor and 2012 Australian drama series Redfern Now were filmed on location in Redfern. City of Sydney The City of Sydney

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3844-565: Was retained for the name of the Eveleigh Railway Workshops , south of the station. The remains of Cleveland Paddocks became Prince Alfred Park . In August 1859, Redfern was incorporated as a borough. The Municipality of Redfern merged with the City of Sydney from 1 January 1949. The first recorded and codified game of Australian rules football in NSW was played in Redfern on the Albert Ground, Redfern between

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