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Alpha Epsilon Pi

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Alpha Epsilon Pi ( ΑΕΠ ), commonly known as AEPi , is a college fraternity founded at New York University in 1913. The fraternity has more than 150 active chapters across the United States , Canada , United Kingdom , and Israel , and has initiated more than 110,000 members. Although the fraternity is based upon Jewish principles, it is non-discriminatory and is open to all who are willing to espouse its purpose and values regardless of their particular faith tradition.

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72-500: Alpha Epsilon Pi was founded on November 7, 1913, under the Washington Square Arch at New York University (NYU) by Charles C. Moskowitz and 12 other Jewish men: David K. Schafer, Yehuda Wolovitz, Isador M. Glazer, Herman L. Kraus, Arthur E. Leopold, Benjamin M. Meyer, Arthur M. Lipkint, Charles J. Pintel, Maurice Plager, Hyman Shulman, and Emil J. Lustgarten. These men are known as the "Immortal 11." Their first pledge

144-604: A coffin , and a gravestone dated 1803 were uncovered 10 feet (3.0 m) below ground level. At the laying of the cornerstone, Freemasons from St. John's Lodge No. 1 were again present with the George Washington Inaugural Bible . The Arch was dedicated in 1895. In 1918, two statues of Washington were added to the north side. By the late 20th century, the Washington Arch had become extensively defaced with spray-painted graffiti . It

216-672: A 14-team league with two football divisions. These talks died when the Big Eight Conference merged with former Southwest Conference members to create the Big 12 . Following the addition of Penn State, efforts were made to encourage the University of Notre Dame , at that time the last remaining non- service academy independent, to join the league. In 1999, Notre Dame and the Big Ten entered into private negotiations concerning

288-509: A failed attempt to seek a significantly larger rights fee from ESPN to renew its existing agreements. This came to fruition in 2006, when the conference announced the formation of a dedicated cable network, Big Ten Network , in a 20-year partnership with Fox Sports , which would officially launch in 2007. The network carries coverage of Big Ten athletics (including events not carried by the Big Ten's other media partners), studio shows, as well as other original programs and documentaries profiling

360-606: A former Big Ten Conference member, was a member of the CIC from 1958 to June 29, 2016. Total revenue includes ticket sales, contributions and donations, rights and licensing, student fees, school funds and all other sources including TV income, camp income, concessions, and novelties. Total expenses includes coach and staff salaries, scholarships, buildings and grounds, maintenance, utilities and rental fees, recruiting, team travel, equipment and uniforms, conference dues, and insurance. The following table shows institutional reporting to

432-608: A member of Hockey East , and the move would save travel time and renew rivalries with former CCHA and WCHA members. In 2013, the conference moved its headquarters from its location in Park Ridge, Illinois to neighboring Rosemont . The office building is situated within Rosemont's Parkway Bank Park Entertainment District (then named MB Financial Park Entertainment District), alongside Interstate 294 . On June 30, 2022, UCLA and USC announced that they would be joining

504-405: A nationwide trend as part of the 2010–2014 NCAA conference realignment . On June 11, 2010, the University of Nebraska applied for membership in the Big Ten and was unanimously approved as the conference's 12th school, which became effective July 1, 2011. The conference retained the name "Big Ten". This briefly led to the interesting and ironic result of the Big Ten consisting of twelve teams, and

576-632: A possible membership that would include Notre Dame. Although Notre Dame's faculty senate endorsed the idea with a near-unanimous vote, the school's board of trustees decided against joining the conference. (In 1926, Notre Dame had briefly considered official entry into the Big Ten but chose to retain its independent status. ) Notre Dame subsequently joined the Atlantic Coast Conference in all sports except football, in which Notre Dame maintains its independent status as long as it plays at least five games per season against ACC opponents. This

648-848: A report based on a survey conducted by the Cohen Research Group for the Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law and the Alpha Epsilon Pi fraternity examined the experiences of Jewish fraternity and sorority members on college campuses. The survey collected responses from 1,027 self-identified Jewish students involved in Greek life at 118 campuses across North America. The report revealed that 65% of respondents had experienced or were aware of antisemitism on their campuses, and 50% admitted to hiding their Jewish identity at times to avoid hostility or discomfort. Marcus argued that

720-461: A time of steady growth for Alpha Epsilon Pi, as well as other college fraternities. However, with the onset of fighting in Vietnam in the early 1960s, fraternity life faltered. Liberal student bodies revolted against authority and the Greek system, which was seen as a conservative, elitist group. Membership plummeted and nearly half the chapter roll was lost. However, the fraternity was able to reverse

792-628: Is membership in the Association of American Universities . The office of the commissioner of athletics was created in 1922 "to study athletic problems of the various member universities and assist in enforcing the eligibility rules which govern Big Ten athletics." All Big Ten members are members of the Big Ten Academic Alliance , formerly known as the Committee on Institutional Cooperation. The University of Chicago ,

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864-569: Is the only full member to have permanently left the Big Ten Conference. Full members  Full members (non-football)  Sport affiliate  Other conference  Other conference  As intercollegiate football rapidly increased during the 1890s, so did the ruthless nature of the game. Tempers flared, fights erupted, and injuries soared. Between 1880 and 1905, college football players suffered more than 325 deaths and 1,149 injuries. To deal with mounting criticism of

936-471: The Association of American Universities is "an important part of who we are." All current members of the Big Ten, other than the University of Nebraska-Lincoln , are members of the AAU. Nebraska was a member of the AAU when it was admitted to the Big Ten, but lost this status shortly afterwards. The following table shows National University rank by U.S. News & World Report as of 2023 . Also indicated

1008-485: The Beta chapter of AEPi. Only fifty-two men had been initiated into AEPi by the start of World War I . Almost every undergraduate and alumnus of the fraternity served in the military, causing the fraternity to become nearly inactive during the war years. In the years between the world wars, Alpha Epsilon Pi grew to twenty-eight chapters. Expansion remained dormant throughout World War II as many fraternity members served in

1080-633: The Big Ten Academic Alliance , formerly the Committee on Institutional Cooperation. Although the Big Ten was primarily a Midwestern conference for nearly a century, the conference's geographic footprint has extended from the Mid-Atlantic to the Great Plains since 2014. In 2024, the conference gained a presence in the West Coast with the addition of four former Pac-12 Conference schools. Notes: Notes The University of Chicago

1152-614: The Florida Panthers , the commissioner of the National Hockey League and at least 2 Olympians . In American politics, AEPi has had at least 6 U.S. Representatives , 1 U.S. Senator , 1 U.S. Governor , a former Israeli Ambassador to the United States and a U.S. State Supreme Court Justice . In Canadian politics, AEPi alumni include the former Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada ,

1224-516: The Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), formerly known as Division I-A, the highest level of NCAA competition in that sport. Big Ten member institutions are major research universities with large financial endowments and strong academic reputations. A large student body is a hallmark of its universities, as 15 of the 18 members enroll more than 30,000 students. They are all public universities except Northwestern University and

1296-677: The United States Department of Education as shown on the DOE Equity in Athletics website for the 2022–23 academic year. The following table shows revenue specifically from NCAA / Conference Distributions, Media Rights, and Post-Season Football reported by the Knight Commission for the 2021–22 academic year. Commissioner Jim Delany began to explore the formation of a Big Ten-specific channel in 2004 after

1368-528: The University of Southern California , both private universities . Collectively, Big Ten universities educate more than 520,000 total students and have 5.7 million living alumni. The members engage in $ 9.3 billion in funded research each year; 17 out of 18 are members of the Association of American Universities (except Nebraska) and the Universities Research Association (except USC). All Big Ten universities are also members of

1440-550: The centennial of George Washington's 1789 inauguration as President of the United States , and forms the southern terminus of Fifth Avenue . Washington Arch, constructed of white Tuckahoe marble , was conceived by Stanford White , who adapted the form of a Roman triumphal arch , with a design close to the 1st-century Arch of Titus in Rome. They were monuments which the Roman Republic and later emperors built throughout

1512-562: The 2007–08 season and ending with the 2016–17 season that would split Big Ten coverage among the ESPN networks, CBS Sports, and Big Ten Network, thus ending Comcast Chicago's regional coverage of the conference. In 2010, the Big Ten announced the creation of the Big Ten Football Championship game starting with the 2011 season and signed a broadcast deal with Fox to broadcast the game from 2011 through 2016. In 2016,

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1584-548: The 2023–24 academic year, ending an association between the conference and ESPN dating back to the 1980s. A major goal for the new contracts was to establish specific broadcast windows for Big Ten football games across its three partners, with Fox, CBS, and NBC primarily holding rights to Noon ET, 3:30 p.m. ET, and primetime games, respectively, and the three broadcasters alternating first pick of games. The contracts were estimated to be worth at least $ 7 billion, but also reportedly includes an "escalator clause" that will raise

1656-872: The Aleph chapter in Israel during the spring of 2009, located in the Interdisciplinary Center in Herzliya . It has since expanded to other universities in Israel. In 2011, the fraternity expanded to the United Kingdom, establishing a colony at St Andrews in the spring, followed by Birmingham and Leeds in the fall. The fraternity also has 24 active alumni clubs in several major cities. AEPi counts among its members at least 7 billionaires, including Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg and Las Vegas Sands founder Sheldon Adelson . Alumni also include

1728-626: The Atlantic Coast Conference), other schools competing as independents in some cases concluded that the inability to earn an automatic bid to the NCAA tournament was becoming a more serious competitive disadvantage in scheduling and recruiting. On March 23, 2016, the Big Ten Conference and Notre Dame announced the Fighting Irish would become a men's ice hockey affiliate beginning with the 2017–18 season. Notre Dame had been

1800-576: The Big 12 consisting of ten teams (with fellow former Big 12 member Colorado 's move to the Pac-12 Conference ). As part of the agreement to join the Big Ten, Nebraska would not receive a full share of the media revenue for the first six years of its membership, until fall 2017. On September 1, 2010, Delany revealed the conference's football divisional split, but noted that the division names would be announced later. Those division names, as well as

1872-535: The Big Ten Conference alongside UCLA and USC. Unlike UCLA and USC, the two schools would receive a reduced media revenue share of $ 30 million each, with the share increasing by $ 1 million for each school each year, through the 2029–30 season. Rather than reducing the other conference members' revenue shares, Fox is contributing the necessary money. The schools will receive a full share with the next media deal. In June 2023 – after UCLA and USC were confirmed as incoming members but before Oregon and Washington were added –

1944-603: The Big Ten Conference effective August 2, 2024, enabling both schools to remain in the Pac-12 Conference for the duration of the Pac-12's existing media rights agreements. Unlike the prior expansion with Nebraska, Rutgers, and Maryland, USC and UCLA would join with a full share of the media revenue from the start of their Big Ten tenure. In August 2022, the conference reached new media rights deals with CBS, Fox, and NBC totaled at an estimated $ 7 billion. On August 4, 2023, Oregon and Washington announced that they would join

2016-453: The Big Ten as its 14th member school. Like Nebraska, both schools would not receive full shares of the media revenue until six years after they joined. However, both schools took loans from the conference, thus pushing back the date they would receive full shares. On April 28, 2013, the Big Ten presidents and chancellors unanimously approved a football divisional realignment that went into effect when Maryland and Rutgers joined in 2014. Under

2088-612: The Director of Jewish Programming. AEPi has specific titles that are used for its officers; many correspond to Fraternal tradition. Founder & CEO The fraternity currently has 154 active chapters and colonies in eleven of the fourteen Big Ten Conference schools, seven of eight Ivy League schools, and eight of the ten University of California campuses. It is also the largest international fraternity in Canada , California , New York , and Massachusetts . The fraternity established

2160-523: The Immediate Past Supreme Master The Supreme Board of Governors makes the majority of decisions for the fraternity's well-being and meets semi-annually to discuss matters of importance, including the granting of charters. The Executive Office is made up of the professional staff that oversees the day-to-day functions of the fraternity. The current chief executive officer is Rob Derdiger. Leadership input to

2232-460: The SBG from the undergraduate membership is accepted from The Undergraduate Cabinet, whose members are elected annually in the winter. The Alpha Epsilon Pi Foundation is the charitable arm of the organization. It directs the philanthropic affairs of the fraternity, supports projects of a Jewish and fraternal nature, and provides support for the individual chapters and colonies. They work very closely with

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2304-641: The attic story reads: Let us raise a standard to which the wise and the honest can repair. The event is in the hand of God. The north side of the eastern pier bears the sculpture George Washington as Commander-in-Chief, Accompanied by Fame and Valor (1914–1916) by Hermon A. MacNeil ; the President is flanked by Fame (left) and Valor (right). The western pier has George Washington as President, Accompanied by Wisdom and Justice (1917–18) by Alexander Stirling Calder (father of Alexander Calder ), with flanking Justice (right) and Wisdom (left) figures. In

2376-538: The conference after a nine-year absence. The conference was again known as the Big Nine after the University of Chicago decided to de-emphasize varsity athletics just after World War II. In 1939 UChicago President Robert Maynard Hutchins made the decision to abolish the football program, based on his negative views of big-time college football's excesses and associated problems of the time. Chicago withdrew from

2448-457: The conference and its members. The impact of Big Ten Network influenced the conference's expansion in the 2010s, with some of its newer members being located in proximity to major media markets such as Baltimore and Washington, D.C. (Maryland) and the New York metropolitan area (Rutgers). Accompanying the new network announcement was a new ten-year media rights agreement beginning with

2520-421: The conference announced a new six-year media rights deal worth $ 2.64 billion with Fox Sports, CBS Sports, and ESPN to take effect with the start of the 2017–18 season and ending with the 2022–23 season. The size of the deal translated to a near tripling of the per-school media revenue share. The new deal would see regular season Big Ten football games airing on Fox and Fox Sports 1 for the first time. As part of

2592-509: The conference announced that starting in 2024, the East and West divisions for football would be eliminated. Each team would play nine conference games and three non-conference games, as before. Within a four-year period, each team would play at least two games against every other team – one at home and one away. This plan called for 11 protected matchups to take place every year; these included Michigan-Ohio State and ten other regional rivalries. At

2664-436: The conference in 1946 after struggling to obtain victories in many conference matchups. It was believed that one of several schools, notably Iowa State , Marquette , Michigan State , Nebraska , Notre Dame , and Pittsburgh would replace Chicago at the time. On May 20, 1949, Michigan State ended the speculation by joining and the conference was again known as the Big Ten. The Big Ten's membership would remain unchanged for

2736-548: The conference was officially incorporated as the "Intercollegiate Conference of Faculty Representatives". In April 1907, Michigan was voted out of the conference for refusing to adhere to league rules limiting football teams to no more than five games and players to three years of eligibility. Ohio State joined in 1912. The first known references to the conference as the Big Ten were in December 1916, when Michigan rejoined

2808-401: The conference's new logo, were made public on December 13, 2010. For its new logo, the conference replaced the "hidden 11" logo with one that uses the "B1G" character combination in its branding. Delany did not comment on the logo that day, but it was immediately evident that the new logo would "allow fans to see 'BIG' and '10' in a single word." For the new football division names, the Big Ten

2880-647: The current and one former Israeli Ambassador to Canada , as well as Canada's first Jewish Cabinet member and Deputy Prime Minister of Canada . In arts & entertainment, AEPi alumni include Pritzker Prize -winning architect Frank Gehry , Academy Award and Emmy Award -winner James L. Brooks , both members of Simon & Garfunkel , singer/rapper Hoodie Allen , actor Gene Wilder , as well as co-creator of American Dad! Matt Weitzman , and Family Guy writer Neil Goldman . The fraternity also counts 3 Nobel Prize -winners among its alumni. Award-winning children's author and marine conservationist Steven Kamlet

2952-496: The deal, Fox would retain its coverage of the Big Ten Championship as well as obtain priority over ESPN when drafting regular season football games prior to each season. It would also put an end to ESPN's coverage of the Big Ten men's basketball tournament. On August 18, 2022, the Big Ten announced that it had reached seven-year broadcast rights deals with Fox, CBS , and for the first time, NBC Sports , beginning in

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3024-513: The empire to celebrate a victory or event. For example, the flying figures in the spandrels on either side of the arch are winged victories . The monument's total height is 77 feet (23 m). The piers stand 30 feet (9.1 m) apart and the arch opening is 47 feet (14 m) high. The iconography of the Arch centers on images of war and peace. On the frieze are 13 large stars and 42 small stars, interspersed with capital "W"s. The inscription on

3096-626: The end of each season, the top two teams in the conference standings would oppose each other in the Big Ten Football Championship Game . The addition of Oregon and Washington added one more protected matchup to this count, bringing the total to 12 protected matchups: Illinois-Northwestern , Illinois-Purdue , Indiana-Purdue , Iowa-Minnesota , Iowa-Nebraska , Iowa-Wisconsin , Maryland-Rutgers, Michigan-Michigan State , Michigan-Ohio State , Minnesota-Wisconsin , Oregon-Washington and UCLA-USC , leaving Penn State as

3168-472: The famous Polish pianist and 3rd Prime Minister of Poland, who donated $ 4,500 collected from one of his concerts in New York. In 1889, a large plaster and wood memorial arch was erected over Fifth Avenue just north of Washington Square Park by local businessman and philanthropist William Rhinelander Stewart (1852–1929). Stewart lived at 17 Washington Square North , and his friends contributed $ 2,765 toward

3240-658: The findings should alarm college leaders, as many Jewish students feel pressured to conceal their identity due to rising antisemitism on campuses. Washington Square Arch The Washington Square Arch , officially the Washington Arch , is a marble memorial arch in Washington Square Park , in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan , New York City . Designed by architect Stanford White in 1891, it commemorates

3312-524: The first fraternity to establish a chapter in Australia . To Brothers, it is known as the "Cofa," arranged by the initials of the phrase. The coat of arms of Alpha Epsilon Pi contains a number of symbolic objects, the true meaning of which is only revealed to brothers during their initiation into the fraternity. Regardless, the coat of arms does contain symbols that have a history in Judaism obvious to

3384-662: The founders of Tinder , Lyft , Home Depot and Hotels.com as well as former/current presidents or chairmen of Citigroup , ESPN , MGM Studios , Walt Disney Studios , 20th Century Fox and NBC Television . In sports, AEPi alumni include the founder and first owner of the Harlem Globetrotters , the current owner of the Chicago Bulls and Chicago White Sox , the CEO of the Atlanta Hawks , president of

3456-624: The founding of its regulating organization, the NCAA . It is based in the Chicago area in Rosemont, Illinois . For many decades the conference consisted of ten prominent universities, which accounts for its name. On August 2, 2024, the conference expanded to 18 member institutions and 2 affiliate institutions. The conference competes in the NCAA Division I and its football teams compete in

3528-408: The game, Purdue University president James Henry Smart invited the presidents of the University of Chicago , University of Illinois , Lake Forest College , University of Minnesota , Northwestern University , and University of Wisconsin to a meeting in Chicago on January 11, 1895, to create policies aimed at regulating intercollegiate athletics. The eligibility of student-athletes was one of

3600-470: The group of 11 men began meeting regularly in a German Ratskeller called "Haan's Ladies' and Gentlemen's Restaurant, Cafe and Rathskeller". Official school recognition of AEPi was granted on November 7. The founding members intended for AEPi to be a national fraternity even before the second chapter at NYU was designated the Alpha chapter . In 1917, the local fraternity Phi Tau at Cornell University became

3672-535: The latter sculpture, a hand holds a book bearing the Latin phrase Exitus Acta Probat ("the end justifies the deed"). These sculptures are commonly referred to as Washington at War and Washington at Peace , respectively. These figures and most of the rest of the carving on the arch was performed by the Piccirilli Brothers . Upon the last stone is carved a huge "P" in honor of Ignacy Jan Paderewski ,

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3744-406: The lone school with no protected matchups. The schedule was also updated so that teams will play every other conference opponent at least twice – once home and once away – and will play rotating opponents no more than three times in a five-year period. All current members of the Big Ten are doctorate-granting universities. Former conference commissioner Jim Delany said in 2010 that membership in

3816-496: The main topics of discussion. The Intercollegiate Conference of Faculty Representatives was founded at a second meeting on February 8, 1896. Lake Forest was not at the 1896 meeting and was replaced by the University of Michigan . At the time, the organization was more commonly known as the Western Conference , consisting of Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Chicago, Purdue, and Northwestern. These schools were

3888-466: The new "Legends" and "Leaders" divisions were not met with enthusiasm. Some traditional rivals, including Ohio State and Michigan, were placed in separate divisions. For the football season, each team played the others in its division, one "cross-over" rivalry game, and two rotating cross-divisional games. At the end of the regular season the two division winners met in a new Big Ten Football Championship Game . The Legends and Leaders divisional alignment

3960-583: The new divisions was which of the two Indiana schools would be sent to the West; Purdue was chosen because its West Lafayette campus is geographically west of Indiana's home city of Bloomington . The divisional alignment permanently protected the cross-divisional football rivalry Indiana–Purdue . As before, the two division winners played each other in the Big Ten Football Championship Game. The West and East divisional alignment

4032-689: The new plan, the Legends and Leaders divisions were replaced with geographic divisions. The West Division included Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, Northwestern, Purdue and Wisconsin (of which all but Purdue are in the Central Time Zone ), while the East Division included Indiana, Maryland, Michigan, Michigan State, Ohio State, Penn State and Rutgers (all of which are in the Eastern Time Zone ). The final issue in determining

4104-591: The next 40 years. The conference's official name throughout this period remained the Intercollegiate Conference of Faculty Representatives. It did not formally adopt the name Big Ten until 1987, when it was incorporated as a not-for-profit corporation. In 1990, the Big Ten universities voted to expand the conference to 11 teams and extended an invitation to Atlantic 10 Conference member and football independent Pennsylvania State University , which accepted it. When Penn State joined in 1990, it

4176-537: The only existing participants. Coincident with the addition of Maryland and Rutgers, Michigan agreed to upgrade its successful club team to varsity status, giving the Big Ten five sponsoring schools, one short of the minimum six for an automatic bid. Johns Hopkins University opted to join the conference as its first affiliate member beginning in 2014. Johns Hopkins had been independent in men's lacrosse for 130 years, claiming 44 national championships. As long-time independents joined conferences (for example, Syracuse joining

4248-481: The original seven members. The conference is one of the nation's oldest, predating the founding of the NCAA by a decade and was one of the first collegiate conferences to sponsor men's basketball. The first reference to the conference as the Big Nine was in 1899 after Iowa and Indiana had joined. Nebraska first petitioned to join the league in 1900 and again in 1911, but was turned away both times. In 1905,

4320-631: The trend and stabilize membership numbers by 1975, following the end of the Vietnam War. In 2009, AEPi became the first fraternity to establish a chapter in Israel at the Interdisciplinary Center in Herzliya. In 2014, AEPi was the first college student organization to be admitted as a full member to the Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations . In 2015, AEPi became

4392-654: The uninitiated and even to non-Jewish people. The crest of the arms contains a menorah intertwined with the star of David . Also, the top of the arms has a lion that could be the Lion of Judah . AEPi is governed by the Supreme Board of Governors. The Supreme Board of Governors is made up of 11 positions: Supreme Master (President); Supreme Master-Elect (President-Elect/VP); Supreme Scribe (Secretary); Supreme Exchequer (Treasurer); Supreme Sentinel (Sergeant-at-Arms); five Supreme Governors at-large (other alumni members); and

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4464-554: The value of the contracts if the Notre Dame Fighting Irish were to specifically join the Big Ten. Following the deal's signing, it was later revealed that several schools had issues with playing football games at night in November, with some having formal clauses allowing them to veto games in that timeslot. The conference would also have to compensate Fox $ 40 million for the 2026 Big Ten championship game, as

4536-446: The war effort. With the end of the war and the shift of the national headquarters to St. Louis, Missouri, Alpha Epsilon Pi had gained new life and momentum in its reopening of inactive chapters, expansion to new campuses, and merging with other locals, that had seen reduced membership as a result of the war. In 1940, Sigma Omega Psi joined Alpha Epsilon Pi adding three chapters, as did Sigma Tau Phi in 1947. The next two decades were

4608-492: The work. Freemasons from St. John's Lodge No. 1 lead a procession through the arch with the George Washington Inaugural Bible for the Centennial Parade of Washington's Inauguration in 1889. The temporary arch was so popular that more money was raised and, three years later, the permanent stone arch, designed by architect Stanford White, was erected. During the excavations for the eastern pier, human remains,

4680-535: Was Samuel L. Epstein. Charles C. Moskowitz had just transferred to New York University's School of Commerce from the City College of New York . Several fraternities at the School of Commerce expressed interest in him and one gave him a bid. The name of that fraternity is unknown. When Charles asked whether his close Jewish friends could join as well, he was told that the invitation was for him alone. At this point,

4752-442: Was a member in the Eta Chapter at Ohio State . The organization's current Supreme Master (its highest-elected position in its international governance) is Scott Knapp, who in 2022 became AEPi's first openly gay person to hold the position. Alpha Epsilon Pi's mission statement describing a "non-discriminatory fraternity" has occasionally come under fire, particularly under former Executive Director Andrew Borans: In September 2021,

4824-401: Was believed to be the major stumbling block to Notre Dame joining the Big Ten, as Notre Dame wanted to retain its independent home game broadcasting contract with NBC Sports , while the Big Ten insisted upon a full membership with no special exemptions. In December 2009, Big Ten Conference commissioner Jim Delany announced that the league was looking to expand in what would later be part of

4896-475: Was cleaned and restored in 2003–04. In modern times, the Washington Square Arch has become an unofficial symbol of New York University . Big Ten Conference The Big Ten Conference (stylized B1G , formerly the Western Conference and the Big Nine Conference , among others) is the oldest NCAA Division I collegiate athletic conference in the United States . Founded as the Intercollegiate Conference of Faculty Representatives in 1896, it predates

4968-403: Was decided the conference would continue to be called the Big Ten, but its logo was modified to reflect the change; the number 11 was disguised in the negative space of the traditionally blue "Big Ten" lettering. Missouri showed interest in Big Ten membership after Penn State joined. Around 1993, the league explored adding Kansas , Missouri and Rutgers or other potential schools, to create

5040-531: Was in effect for ten football seasons, from 2014 through 2023. On June 3, 2013, the Big Ten announced the sponsorship of men's and women's lacrosse. For any conference to qualify for an automatic bid to the NCAA tournament, at least six member schools must play the sport. In women's lacrosse, the addition of Maryland and Rutgers to the Big Ten brought the conference up to the requisite six participants, joining programs at Michigan, Northwestern, Ohio State and Penn State. In men's lacrosse, Ohio State and Penn State were

5112-402: Was in effect for the 2011 , 2012 and 2013 football seasons. On November 19, 2012, the University of Maryland's Board of Regents voted to withdraw from the ACC and join the Big Ten as its 13th member effective on July 1, 2014. The Big Ten's Council of Presidents approved the move later that day. One day later, Rutgers University of the Big East also accepted an offer for membership from

5184-529: Was unable to use geographic names, because they had rejected a geographic arrangement. Delany announced that the new divisions would be known as the "Legends Division" and "Leaders Division". In the Legends division were Iowa, Michigan, Michigan State, Minnesota, Nebraska and Northwestern. The Leaders division was composed of Illinois, Indiana, Ohio State, Penn State, Purdue and Wisconsin. Conference officials stated they had focused on creating competitive fairness rather than splitting by geographical location. However,

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