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78-689: Issues of antitrust legislation, tariff reduction, and tax reform dominated the 1912 presidential election , which culminated in the election of Woodrow Wilson as the twenty-eighth president of the United States. Honoring his campaign promises, Wilson signed the Federal Trade Commission Act in 1914. The following year, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) absorbed the duties of the Bureau of Corporations in

156-721: A third-party bid. At the Democratic Convention , Wilson won the presidential nomination on the 46th ballot, defeating Speaker of the House Champ Clark and several other candidates with the support of William Jennings Bryan and other progressive Democrats. The Socialist Party renominated its perennial standard-bearer, Eugene V. Debs . The general election was bitterly contested by Wilson, Roosevelt, Taft and Debs. Roosevelt's " New Nationalism " platform called for social insurance programs, reduction to an eight-hour workday , and robust federal regulation of

234-607: A 70-acre site between the White House and the U.S. Capitol with federal buildings executed in classical styles of architecture. At the urging of the American Institute of Architects , the U.S. Treasury Department turned over principal design responsibilities to private architects. Edward H. Bennett of the Chicago firm Bennett, Parsons and Frost oversaw the project and designed the final building, which would become

312-471: A basement parking garage. As part of the building plan, the Section of Painting and Sculpture oversaw the design and installation of several significant works of art. Two bas-relief medallions with eagles are located on the northwest corner elevation. Officials requested that the artist, Sidney Waugh , develop a fresh interpretation on the symbol, and the resulting design is highly stylized, relating well to

390-639: A danger to constitutional government and resolved to resist his eventual challenge for the Republican nomination. In the 1910 midterm elections , the Republicans lost 57 seats in the House of Representatives as the Democrats gained a majority for the first time since 1894 . These results were a large defeat for the conservative wing of the party. James E. Campbell writes that one cause may have been

468-426: A fourth attempt to earn the party's nomination, and would likely not have difficulty in earning it. However, Bryan announced several months before the convention that he was not interested in another run for the White House. Though still seen by many as the Democrats' ideological leader, power shifts within the party in the wake of their success at the 1910 mid-term elections meant that Bryan could no longer be guaranteed

546-627: A large number of progressive voters choosing third-party candidates over conservative Republicans. Roosevelt continued to reject calls to run for president into 1911. In a January letter to newspaper editor William Allen White , he wrote, "I do not think there is one chance in a thousand that it will ever be wise to have me nominated." However, speculation continued, further harming Roosevelt and Taft's relationship. After months of continually increasing support, Roosevelt changed his position, writing to journalist Henry Beach Needham in January 1912 that if

624-513: A measure of distinction. Three lobbies on the first floor share similar features. Floors are covered with large, dark green terrazzo panels with black borders. Walls are clad in Neshobe gray marble with black marble on fluted pilasters, and plaster covers the ceiling and cornice. The FTC Building was one of the first federal buildings in Washington to have an integral air-conditioning system and

702-558: A million votes. The number of Socialists in the state legislatures increased from twenty to twenty-one. Roosevelt conducted a vigorous national campaign for the Progressive Party, denouncing the way the Republican nomination had been "stolen". He bundled together his reforms under the rubric of "The New Nationalism " and stumped the country for a strong federal role in regulating the economy and chastising bad corporations. Roosevelt rallied progressives with speeches denouncing

780-544: A pioneer in city planning responsible for the layout of the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, as well as designs for Chicago and San Francisco. Burnham's influence is evident in Bennett's work on the FTC Building. Bennett's design emphasizes the relationship between the building and its site. It is located on a triangular parcel of land bounded by Pennsylvania and Constitution avenues and Seventh Street, NW;

858-431: A saloonkeeper from New York, shot Roosevelt in the chest. The bullet penetrated his steel eyeglass case and a 50-page single-folded copy of his speech Progressive Cause Greater Than Any Individual and became lodged in his chest. Schrank was immediately disarmed and captured. Schrank had been stalking Roosevelt. He was suffering from delusion and said the ghost of President McKinley ordered him to kill Roosevelt to prevent

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936-617: A socialist candidate in the history of US presidential elections. This is the most recent presidential election, and the first since 1876 , in which the Democratic ticket has consisted of sitting governors. Republican president Theodore Roosevelt had declined to run for re-election in 1908 in fulfillment of a pledge to the American people not to seek a third term. Roosevelt had tapped Secretary of War William Howard Taft to become his successor, and Taft defeated William Jennings Bryan in

1014-486: A third term. Roosevelt shouted for Schrank to remain unharmed and assured the crowd he was all right, then ordered police to take charge of Schrank and ensure no violence was done to him. Roosevelt, an experienced hunter and anatomist, correctly concluded that since he was not coughing blood, the bullet had not reached his lung. He declined suggestions to go to the hospital and instead delivered his scheduled speech with blood seeping into his shirt. His opening comments to

1092-631: A true trust-buster. The delegates to the convention sang the hymn " Onward, Christian Soldiers " as their anthem. In his acceptance speech, Roosevelt compared the coming presidential campaign to the Battle of Armageddon and stated that the Progressives were going to "battle for the Lord." Socialist candidates: Members of the Socialist Party of America had won in multiple elections between

1170-421: Is growing fast. The name of this little giant is socialism. Debs claimed that there was no hope under the present decaying capitalist system, and that the worker who votes the Republican or Democratic ticket does worse than throw away his vote, as he is a deserter of his class and becomes his own worst enemy. Debs insisted that Democrats, Progressives, and Republicans alike were financed by different factions within

1248-593: The Bureau of Forestry in 1910. By 1910, the split within the party was deep, and Roosevelt and Taft turned against one another despite their personal friendship. In that summer Roosevelt began a national speaking tour, during which he outlined his progressive philosophy and the New Nationalist platform, which he introduced in a speech in Osawatomie, Kansas , on August 31. Another source of tension involved

1326-615: The Chicago Orchestra Hall and nominated him as an independent candidate for president which Roosevelt accepted although he requested a formal convention. Roosevelt initially considered not running as a third-party candidate until George Walbridge Perkins and Frank Munsey offered their financial support. Roosevelt and his supporters formed the Progressive Party at a convention, temporarily chaired by Senator Albert J. Beveridge , on August 5, and Hiram Johnson

1404-745: The Federal Art Project (created in 1935 by the WPA, an independently operating federal agency) and the Treasury Relief Art Project (created in 1935 with funds granted by the WPA to the Treasury Department). The Section of Painting and Sculpture was renamed as the Section of Fine Arts in 1939 and operated until 1942. The Section’s primary objective was to "secure suitable art of the best quality available for

1482-629: The United States Department of Commerce . The FTC conducted investigations, published reports, and scrutinized industries such as meatpacking. It could challenge unfair competition and practices in trade and commerce. The FTC occupied various sites in Washington, D.C. during its early years. The Public Buildings Act of 1926 authorized Congress to fund the Federal Triangle project, a large-scale initiative to develop

1560-483: The United States Department of the Treasury . Commonly known as the Section, it was renamed the Section of Fine Arts in 1939. Its primary mission was the embellishment of public buildings — including many United States post offices — through site-specific murals and sculptures commissioned on a competitive basis. The program all but ceased to operate in 1942, and was officially terminated on July 15, 1943. Like

1638-629: The Works Progress Administration (WPA), the Section was part of a government project aimed at providing work for Americans throughout the Great Depression during the 1930s. The Section's main function was to select high-quality art to decorate public buildings in the form of murals , making art accessible to all people. Because post offices were usually visited by everyone, they were the places selected to display these projects. Commissioned artists were provided with

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1716-502: The 1908 and 1912 presidential elections with Emil Seidel being elected as the mayor of Milwaukee , Wisconsin, and Victor L. Berger was elected to the United States House of Representatives. The party claimed that it had 435 members elected to office by 1911, and over one thousand by 1912. Dan Hogan put Debs name up for the presidential nomination. Debs won the presidential nomination, although he had supported giving

1794-696: The 1908 election, also managed the campaign in 1912. The Socialists predicted that they would receive over two million votes and have twelve members elected to Congress, but Debs only received 897,011 votes and Berger lost reelection. Debs received his largest number of votes from Ohio while his best percentage was in Nevada . The largest percentage gain since the 1908 presidential election was in West Virginia where their vote total increased by over 300%. George Brinton McClellan Harvey stated that had Roosevelt not run then Debs would have gained an additional half

1872-475: The 1908 general election. During Taft's administration, a rift developed between Roosevelt and Taft, and they became the leaders of the Republican Party's two wings: progressives led by Roosevelt and conservatives led by Taft. Progressives favored labor restrictions protecting women and children, promoted ecological conservation , and were more sympathetic toward labor unions . They also favored

1950-672: The Great Depression in the United States, the Section of Painting and Sculpture was a public-art program administered by the Procurement Division of the Treasury Department as part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt 's New Deal . Like other New Deal public-art programs, the Section (as it was commonly called) was designed to increase employment among artists, but it was unusual in awarding commissions competitively, based on artistic talent. In total,

2028-568: The Northwest and South, where demand was strong for tariff reductions. Early in his term, President Taft had promised to stand for a lower tariff bill, but protectionism had been a major policy of the Republican Party since its founding. Taft also fought against Roosevelt's antitrust policy. Roosevelt distinguished "good trusts" from "bad trusts", for which he had been lambasted. Taft argued that all monopolies must be broken up. Taft also fired popular conservationist Gifford Pinchot as head of

2106-446: The Section awarded 375 contracts worth $ 537,000. Unlike the other New Deal art programs, the Section awarded commissions through competitions and paid artists a lump sum for their work. Competitions were open to all artists, regardless of economic status, and artists' proposals were reviewed without identifying the name of the artist who had made the submission. The Section sought entries that reflected local interests and events, and

2184-456: The Section commissioned more than 1,300 murals and 300 sculptures, many of which were placed in post offices throughout the United States. The Section was created in 1934 and led by Edward Bruce . Bruce had also led the Treasury Department's Public Works of Art Project , the first federal art program, created in 1933 after American painter George Biddle suggested the idea to President Roosevelt. Other federal art programs followed, including

2262-556: The Section encouraged the artists to think of the communities, not the Section, as the artists' "patron." Indeed, artists awarded commissions were encouraged to visit the community to ensure that their murals reflected the community. Although many of the artists did not make such visits, artists commonly corresponded with the town (as well as the Post Office Department and the Section). Some local communities rejected

2340-629: The Section intended to depict the history of mail delivery and the settlement of the American West . These murals have been the subject of complaints about stereotypes of women, Native Americans, African Americans, and rural Americans, which were addressed by the General Services Administration . In 1939, under the Reorganization Act , all Treasury Department and WPA arts programs were incorporated into

2418-454: The approved designs, and the artists would work to respond to these concerns and save their commissions. The program also encouraged artists to reflect the building’s function. For example, the now- William Jefferson Clinton Federal Building , constructed in the early 1930s as the headquarters for the U.S. Post Office Department and one of the first buildings to receive works of art under this program, contains 25 murals created with support from

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2496-555: The authority of the nation's courts, especially the Supreme Court. As early as 1910, Roosevelt had begun criticizing certain court decisions, such as Lochner v. New York (1905), and those jurists whom he dubbed "fossilized judges." He believed that the Supreme Court was interpreting the due process clause of the 14th Amendment and the doctrine of "freedom of contract" to forestall necessary reform legislation, such as

2574-464: The banner of the new Progressive/"Bull Moose" Party ) and Socialist Party nominee Eugene V. Debs . Roosevelt served as president from 1901 to 1909 as a Republican, and Taft succeeded him with his support. Taft's conservatism angered Roosevelt, so he challenged Taft for the party nomination at the 1912 Republican National Convention . When Taft and his conservative allies narrowly prevailed, Roosevelt rallied his progressive supporters and launched

2652-488: The break-up of large corporations in order to create a level economic playing field. Though Wilson's rhetoric paid homage to the traditional Democratic Party skepticisms of government and "collectivism", after his election win Wilson would embrace some of the progressive reforms which Roosevelt had campaigned on. Taft campaigned quietly and spoke of the need for judges to be more powerful than elected officials. The departure of

2730-402: The building has an essentially triangular footprint with a semicircular portico at one end. An interior courtyard provides natural light to interior offices. The building has undergone few changes since its construction. The seven-story building sits on a simple base of Mount Airy granite . The walls above are clad in large, smooth blocks of Indiana limestone laid in a regular pattern. Bays on

2808-518: The building's other modern works. Large aluminum entrance grilles function as doors on the Constitution Avenue elevation. Images on the grilles, which were designed by William McVey , portray a continuum of commerce-related transportation methods. Depictions include Christopher Columbus 's 14th-century ships, an 18th-century merchant ship, 19th-century clipper ship, paddlewheel steamship, early 20th-century ocean liner, and seaplane. Above

2886-670: The bulk of the Southern Republican organizations. Delegates from the former Confederate states supported Taft by a 5 to 1 margin. These states had voted solidly Democratic in every presidential election since 1880 , and Roosevelt objected that they were given one-quarter of the delegates when they would contribute nothing to a Republican victory. For the Republican National Convention, held June 18-22 in Chicago , 388 delegates were selected through

2964-415: The bullet with him for the rest of his life. Taft was not campaigning and focused on his presidential duties. Wilson briefly suspended his campaigning. By October 17, Wilson was back on the campaign trail but avoided any criticism of Roosevelt or his party. Roosevelt spent two weeks recuperating before returning to the campaign trail with a major speech on October 30, designed to reassure his supporters he

3042-526: The capitalist trusts, and that only the Socialists represented labor. Debs condemned "Injunction Bill Taft" and condemned Roosevelt for stealing his socialist clothes with the intent to make socialist policies "safer" for the establishment. At a campaign speech in Philadelphia on September 28, 1912, Debs said of Roosevelt: Theodore Roosevelt now alludes to me as "Brother Debs". I do not acknowledge

3120-565: The convention call, but his motion was ruled out of order. Elihu Root , a supporter of Taft, was selected to chair the convention after winning 558 votes against McGovern 's 501 votes. Root was accused of having won through the rotten boroughs of the southern delegations as every northern state, except for four, voted for McGovern. In his closing speech, Root reiterated the party's support of "constitutional checks and limitations" by quoting figures like Alexander Hamilton, John Marshall, and Abraham Lincoln, effectively rebuking Roosevelt's support of

3198-483: The delegate cases while 6 were in favor of Roosevelt. The committee reinvestigated the 92 of the contested delegates and ruled in favor of Taft for all of them. Roosevelt supporters criticized the large amount of delegates coming from areas the Republicans would not win, with over 200 delegates coming from areas that had not been won by a Republican since the Compromise of 1877 , or the four delegates that came from

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3276-670: The development of policies concerning Internet fraud and privacy. Loyalty Board reviews occurred in the Apex Building in 1948 concurrently with the first month of the Hiss - Chambers Case, as reported by the New York Times. The Federal Trade Commission Building is designed in the Classical Revival style of architecture. It is a refined style that conveys the dignity and stability of the federal government, which

3354-449: The economy. Wilson's " New Freedom " platform called for tariff reduction, banking reform, and new antitrust regulation . Incumbent Taft conducted a subdued campaign based on his platform of "progressive conservatism". Debs, who was attempting to gain widespread support for his socialist policies, claimed that Wilson, Roosevelt and Taft were all financed by different factions within the capitalist trusts, and that Roosevelt in particular

3432-429: The election. Wilson captured the presidency handily by carrying a record 40 states. As of 2024, this is the only presidential election since 1860 in which 4 candidates received more than 5% of the popular vote and a third-party candidate outperformed a major party candidate in the general election. This election saw the lowest turnout among eligible voters since the 1836 presidential election , falling 20 points short of

3510-479: The embellishment of public buildings." Artworks created under the Section of Fine Arts were site-specific murals and sculptures for newly constructed federal buildings and post offices. About 1% of the costs of each new federal building was set aside to fund the program. Despite being categorized as “work-relief,” Section of Fine Arts commissions were chosen by anonymous competition and awarded government contracts “as in any other government job.” Between 1934 and 1938,

3588-576: The enormity of trade and the government in its role as enforcer. The sculptures have become the agency's informal logo. 1912 United States presidential election William Howard Taft Republican Woodrow Wilson Democratic Presidential elections were held in the United States on November 5, 1912. Democratic governor Woodrow Wilson of New Jersey unseated incumbent Republican president William Howard Taft while defeating former president Theodore Roosevelt (who ran under

3666-400: The fewest by a Republican and by any major-party candidate, matched by Alf Landon's 1936 campaign . His 23.17% of the popular vote is the lowest ever for a Republican or any major party nominee. Section of Painting and Sculpture The Treasury Section of Painting and Sculpture was a New Deal art project established on October 16, 1934, and administered by the Procurement Division of

3744-553: The first four primaries (North Dakota and his home state of Wisconsin), but Taft won a major victory in Roosevelt's home state of New York and continued to rack up delegates in more conservative, traditional state conventions. Beginning with a runaway victory in Illinois on April 9, Roosevelt won nine of the last ten presidential primaries (including Taft's home state of Ohio), losing only Massachusetts. Taft also had support from

3822-409: The first presidential candidate to receive over 400 electoral votes in a presidential election. Roosevelt finished second with 88 electoral votes and 27% of the popular vote. Taft carried 23% of the national vote and won two states, Vermont and Utah . Debs, the fourth-place finisher, won no electoral votes but received 6% of the popular vote, which remains the highest percentage of the vote ever won by

3900-511: The gathered crowd were, "Ladies and gentlemen, I don't know whether you fully understand that I have just been shot, but it takes more than that to kill a bull moose." He spoke for 90 minutes before completing his speech and accepting medical attention. Afterward, probes and an x-ray showed that the bullet had lodged in Roosevelt's chest muscle, but did not penetrate the pleura . Doctors concluded that it would be less dangerous to leave it in place than to attempt to remove it, and Roosevelt carried

3978-615: The golden rule to the conduct of corporation and business and enterprises in their relationship to the body politic." Located at the eastern point of the Federal Triangle, it was originally called the Apex Building. Staff moved into the building on April 21, 1938. Over the years, the FTC's responsibilities expanded to include the enforcement of credit laws, oversight of the National Do Not Call Registry , and

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4056-468: The grilles are rectangular panels, each executed by a different artist, that represent foreign trade, agriculture, shipping, and industry. Two nearly identical allegorical sculptural groups called Man Controlling Trade are located at the east ends of the two avenue elevations. Michael Lantz designed the sculptures in the Art Deco style. In each, a muscular man holds a straining stallion, symbolizing

4134-665: The guidelines and themes for each project, and scenes of local interest and events were generally represented. The muralist movement was inspired by the Mexican muralists , but Section murals did not portray the harsh social or economic realities of the time. Rather, they celebrated historical events and courageous acts. Many of these murals have disappeared, or fallen into disrepair, and others have been restored thanks to renewed interest in their historical and artistic significance. Painters of these murals include Ralf Henricksen , Henrietta Shore , and Suzanne Scheuer . In existence during

4212-554: The headquarters for the FTC. In 1937, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt laid the building cornerstone with the silver trowel that George Washington used to lay the cornerstone of the U.S. Capitol in 1793. In his speech, Roosevelt expressed hope that the "permanent home of the Federal Trade Commission stand for all time as a symbol of the purpose of the government to insist on a greater application of

4290-528: The judicial recall and identifying the GOP with constitutional conservatism. Roosevelt broke with tradition and attended the convention, where he was welcomed with great support from voters. Despite Roosevelt's presence in Chicago and his attempts to disqualify Taft supporters, the incumbent ticket of Taft and James S. Sherman was renominated on the first ballot. Sherman was the first sitting vice president re-nominated since John C. Calhoun in 1828 . After losing

4368-475: The limiting of work hours. He, as well as more populist progressives like William Jennings Bryan in the Democratic Party , came out in favor of an amendment to allow the recall of judges and, possibly, judicial decisions. This outraged Taft (a former judge and future Supreme Court Chief Justice) and other constitutional conservatives, like Elihu Root and Alton B. Parker . Taft considered Roosevelt

4446-431: The midsection of each elevation are divided by pilasters (attached columns) or colonnades that form a loggia (open-air, arcaded space). The seventh story is slightly recessed. The portico is supported by Ionic columns. Aluminum window and door grilles accent the exterior. The low hipped roof is covered with red terra-cotta tiles. The interior spaces are relatively restrained; only public spaces and hearing rooms are afforded

4524-478: The new relation. I still wish to be the undesirable citizen in his eyes. If he knew me then, I know him now. I know what he stands for and what his methods are. I know he is the enemy of the workers. I know he is now trying to deceive that class to further his own selfish ambition — to get back into the White House and if possible remain there for life. At a campaign stop in Milwaukee on October 14, John Schrank ,

4602-417: The nomination "comes to me as a genuine public movement of course I will accept." For the first time, many convention delegates were elected in presidential preference primaries . Progressive Republicans advocated primary elections as a way of breaking the control of political parties by bosses . Altogether, twelve states held Republican primaries. Senator Robert "Fighting Bob" La Follette won two of

4680-489: The nomination to the Appeal to Reason 's editor Fred Warren, with 165 votes while Seidel received 56 votes and Charles Edward Russell received 54 votes. Seidel was given the vice-presidential nomination against Russell and Hogan. After the presidential ballot Seidel and Russell proposed a motion to make Debs' nomination unanimous and it was accepted. Hogan and Slayton proposed to make the nomination of Seidel unanimous after

4758-452: The nomination. Taft won the nomination while 344 of Roosevelt's delegates abstained from the vote. Henry Justin Allen read a speech from Roosevelt in which he criticized the process and stated that delegates had been stolen from his in order to secure Taft's nomination. In early 1912, it was widely believed that three-time Democratic presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan would make

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4836-598: The party. However, Bryan still had enough followers in the party that he was in a strong position to be the kingmaker at the convention. The Democratic National Convention was held in Baltimore from June 25 to July 2. Initially, the front-runner was Speaker of the House Champ Clark of Missouri . Though Clark received the most votes on early ballots, he was unable to get the two-thirds majority required to win. Clark's chances were hurt when Tammany Hall ,

4914-454: The political establishment. He promised "an expert tariff commission, wholly removed from the possibility of political pressure or of improper business influence." Wilson supported a policy called " The New Freedom ". This policy was based mostly on individualism instead of a strong government. Wilson opposed Roosevelt's proposal to establish a powerful state bureaucracy charged with regulating large corporations, with Wilson instead favoring

4992-494: The popular election of federal and state judges over appointment by the president or governors. Conservatives supported high tariffs to encourage domestic production , but favored business leaders over labor unions and were generally opposed to the popular election of judges. Cracks in the party began to show when Taft supported the Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act in 1909. The Act favored the industrial Northeast and angered

5070-499: The powerful New York City Democratic political machine , threw its support behind him. The Tammany endorsement caused Bryan to turn against Clark, whom he decried as the candidate of Wall Street , and shift his support to Woodrow Wilson, the reformist Governor of New Jersey. Wilson had consistently finished second in balloting, and nearly gave up hope and almost freed his delegates to vote for another candidate. Instead, Bryan's defection from Clark to Wilson led many other delegates to do

5148-549: The primaries and Roosevelt won 281 delegates, Taft received 71 delegates, and La Follette received 36 delegates. However, Taft had a 566–466 margin, placing him over the 540 needed for nomination, with the delegations selected at state conventions. Roosevelt accused the Taft faction of having over 200 fraudulently selected delegates. However, the Republican National Committee ruled in favor of Taft for 233 of

5226-580: The progressives left the Republican Party firmly controlled by the conservative wing. Much of the Republican effort was designed to discredit Roosevelt as a dangerous radical, but this had little effect. Many of the nation's pro-Republican newspapers depicted Roosevelt as an egotist running only to spoil Taft's chances and feed his vanity. The Socialists had little funding compared to the Republican, Democratic and Progressive campaigns. Debs' campaign spent only $ 66,000, mostly on 3.5 million leaflets and travel to locally organized rallies. Debs' biggest event

5304-408: The same. Wilson gradually gained strength while Clark's support dwindled, and Wilson finally received the nomination on the 46th ballot. Thomas R. Marshall , the governor of Indiana who had swung Indiana's votes to Wilson, was named Wilson's running mate. Taft had won the Republican nomination while 344 of Roosevelt's delegates abstained from the vote. Later that day supporters of Roosevelt met in

5382-409: The territories which didn't vote in the general election. However, Roosevelt had rejected an attempt to abolish delegations from the south at the 1908 Republican National Convention due to him needing them for Taft's nomination. Herbert S. Hadley served as Roosevelt's floor manager at the convention. Hadley made a motion for 74 of Taft's delegates to be replaced by 72 delegates after the reading of

5460-515: The turnout in the 1896 election . The implementation of Jim Crow laws after the Reconstruction Era significantly reduced Black voter turnout. Wilson won the presidency with a lower percentage of the popular vote than any candidate since Abraham Lincoln in 1860. Taft's result remains the worst performance for any incumbent president, both in terms of electoral votes (8) and share of popular votes (23.17%). His 8 electoral votes remain

5538-417: The two-thirds majority needed to earn the nomination. Bryan privately conceded that his three presidential runs having all ended in decisive losses, firstly to William McKinley , and then to Taft, would seriously handicap his credibility as a candidate, even if the 1904 election, the only one of the previous four in which Bryan was not the Democratic candidate, had resulted in an even more lop-sided defeat for

5616-469: The vice-presidential selection and it was accepted. Otto Branstetter , Berger, and Carl D. Thompson , who were serving as delegates, voted for Seidel during the presidential balloting. Morris Hillquit , Meyer London , and John Spargo , who were serving as delegates, supported Russell during the presidential balloting. Hogan, a delegate from Arkansas, had supported Debs during the presidential balloting. J. Mahlon Barnes , who had managed Debs' campaign in

5694-443: The vote, Roosevelt announced the formation of a new party dedicated "to the service of all the people." This would later come to be known as the Progressive Party . Roosevelt announced that his party would hold its convention in Chicago and that he would accept their nomination if offered. Meanwhile, Taft decided not to campaign before the election beyond his acceptance speech on August 1. Warren G. Harding presented Taft's name for

5772-437: Was a demagogue using socialistic language in order to divert socialist policies up safe channels for the capitalist establishment. The Republican split enabled Wilson to win 40 states and a landslide victory in the electoral college with just 41.8% of the popular vote, the lowest vote share for a victorious presidential candidate since 1860 . Wilson was the first Democrat to win a presidential election since 1892 as well as

5850-487: Was a speech to 15,000 supporters in New York City. The crowd sang " La Marseillaise " and " The Internationale ." Debs's running mate Emil Seidel boasted: Only a year ago workingmen were throwing decayed vegetables and rotten eggs at us but now all is changed... Eggs are too high. There is a great giant growing up in this country that will someday take over the affairs of this nation. He is a little giant now but he

5928-500: Was particularly important during the Great Depression. The buildings within the Federal Triangle were designed according to principles of the City Beautiful movement , which espoused the use of formal arrangements, axial streets, and monumental, classical public buildings in city planning. Earlier in his career, the FTC Building's architect, Edward H. Bennett, was an assistant to prominent architect and planner Daniel H. Burnham ,

6006-420: Was selected as his vice-presidential running mate. Ben B. Lindsey and John M. Parker had been considered for the presidential nomination, but Parker and Lindsey instead both nominated Johnson for the position. The Progressives promised to increase federal regulation and protect the welfare of ordinary people. At the convention, Perkins blocked an antitrust plank, shocking reformers who thought of Roosevelt as

6084-399: Was strong enough for the presidency. On October 30, 1912, Vice President James S. Sherman died of nephritis , leaving Taft without a running mate less than a week before the election. Nicholas Murray Butler , president of Columbia University , was quickly chosen to replace Sherman on the Republican ticket. 27.9% of the voting age population and 59% of eligible voters participated in

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