33-712: Arbella or Arabella was the flagship of the Winthrop Fleet on which Governor John Winthrop , other members of the Company (including William Gager ), and Puritan emigrants transported themselves and the Charter of the Massachusetts Bay Company from England to Salem between April 8 and June 12, 1630, thereby giving legal birth to the Commonwealth of Massachusetts . John Winthrop
66-492: A frigate (a fourth rate), served as flagship for parts of the United States Navy during the early 19th century. In the 20th century, ships became large enough that the larger types, cruisers and up, could accommodate a commander and staff. Some larger ships may have a separate flag bridge for use by the admiral and his staff while the captain commands from the main navigation bridge. Because its primary function
99-422: A clear distinction between a single flagship and other public universities" in those states. Additionally, several states were not included in the study due to insufficient comparative data. There are many instances in which more than one school in a state has claimed to be, or has been described as, a "flagship". In February 2012, Idaho's State Board of Education made a controversial decision to strike
132-655: A forerunner to the US Public Broadcasting Service (PBS). In sports broadcasting, the "flagship" is a team's primary station in their home market, which produces game broadcasts and feeds them to affiliates . For example, WGN was the flagship station of the Chicago Cubs baseball team, which has an extensive Cubs radio network spanning several states. The term flagship is also used to describe an automaker's top (i.e. largest/most expensive/most prestigious) vehicle. Modern examples include
165-544: A hospitality or transportation concern. The term "flagship" may have specific applications: Most states in the United States provide public university education through one or more university systems , with each system having multiple campuses located throughout the state. The phrase flagship institution or flagship university may be applied to an individual school or campus within each state system. The College Board , for example, defines flagship universities as
198-399: A military staff is mainly that of providing accurate, timely information which by category represents information on which command decisions are based. The key application is that of decisions that effectively manage unit resources. While information flow toward the commander is a priority, information that is useful or contingent in nature is communicated to lower staffs and units. This term
231-405: Is a "set of organizational and technical attributes and processes ... [that] employs human, physical, and information resources to solve problems and accomplish missions" to achieve the goals of an organization or enterprise, according to a 2015 definition by military scientists Marius Vassiliou , David S. Alberts , and Jonathan R. Agre . The term often refers to a military system. Versions of
264-419: Is a plethora of derivative terms that emphasize various aspects, uses, and sub-domains of C2. These terms are accompanied by numerous associated abbreviations. For example, in addition to C2, command and control is often abbreviated as C2 and sometimes as C&C "Command and control" have been coupled with: and others. Some of the more common variations include: and others. A command and control center
297-567: Is a vessel used by the commanding officer of a group of naval ships, characteristically a flag officer entitled by custom to fly a distinguishing flag. Used more loosely, it is the lead ship in a fleet of vessels, typically the first, largest, fastest, most heavily armed, or best known. Over the years, the term "flagship" has become a metaphor used in industries such as broadcasting, automobiles, education, technology, airlines, and retail to refer to their highest quality, best known, or most expensive products and locations. In common naval use,
330-532: Is also in common use within the computer security industry and in the context of cyberwarfare . Here the term refers to the influence an attacker has over a compromised computer system that they control. For example, a valid usage of the term is to say that attackers use "command and control infrastructure" to issue "command and control instructions" to their victims. Advanced analysis of command and control methodologies can be used to identify attackers, associate attacks, and disrupt ongoing malicious activity. There
363-469: Is not the only state-by-state examination of flagships. In a 2010 article, Standard & Poor's created its own list of flagship universities, noting that each state had typically one or two institutions with flagship characteristics. The Education Sector, an education policy organization, used a different list of 51 flagship universities in an August 2011 study of college debt. Several states had multiple universities categorized as flagships due to "less of
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#1732765238473396-540: Is reputed to have given the famous " A Model of Christian Charity " sermon aboard the ship. Also on board was Anne Bradstreet , the first European female poet to be published from the New World , and her family. The ship was originally called Eagle , but her name was changed in honor of Lady Arbella Johnson , a member of Winthrop's company, as was her husband Isaac . Lady Arbella was the daughter of Thomas Clinton, 3rd Earl of Lincoln . Flagship A flagship
429-736: Is the principal station of a radio or television broadcast network . It can be the station that produces the largest amount of material for the network, or the station in the parent company's home city, or both. The term dates back to the mid twentieth century years of broadcasting when headquarters stations produced programs for their networks. For example, the flagship stations of the ABC , NBC and CBS television and radio networks are their owned and operated outlets in New York City . Likewise, public television 's WNET served as primary member station for National Educational Television (NET),
462-417: Is to coordinate a fleet, a flagship is not necessarily more heavily armed or armored than other ships. During World War II , admirals often preferred a faster ship over the largest one. Modern flagships are designed primarily for command and control rather than for fighting, and are also known as command ships . As with many other naval terms, flagship has crossed over into general usage, where it means
495-622: Is typically a secure room or building in a government, military or prison facility that operates as the agency's dispatch center, surveillance monitoring center, coordination office and alarm monitoring center all in one. Command and control centers are operated by a government or municipal agency. Various branches of the US military such as the US Coast Guard and Navy have command and control centers. They are also common in many large correctional facilities. A command and control center that
528-469: Is used by a military unit in a deployed location is usually called a "command post". A warship has a combat information center for tactical control of the ship's resources, but commanding a fleet or joint operation requires additional space for commanders and staff plus C4I facilities provided on a flagship (e.g., aircraft carriers), sometimes a command ship or upgraded logistics ship such as USS Coronado . Command and control warfare encompasses all
561-579: The Mercedes-Benz S-Class , Toyota Century , Hongqi L5 , and Land Rover 's Range Rover . American Airlines obtained copyright to the term "Flagship" on May 3, 1937, per the Catalog of Copyright Entries. As of December 20, 2019 as stated in a legal document, this includes "the marks "Flagship," "Flagship Lounge" and "Flagship Suite" (the "Flagship Marks")—to describe premium air travel services for first and business class passengers since
594-462: The 1930s and 1940s." Delta Air Lines also uses/used the word "Flagship" to describe its top lines, as pointed out by AA and being argued legally in December 2019 and into 2020. Within conservation biology, the term flagship species refers to a species or taxon that is a symbol or rallying point to catalyze conservation actions. Command and control Command and control (abbr. C2 )
627-517: The United States Army Field Manual 3-0 circulated circa 1999 define C2 in a military organization as the exercise of authority and direction by a properly designated commanding officer over assigned and attached forces in the accomplishment of a mission . A 1988 NATO definition is that command and control is the exercise of authority and direction by a properly designated individual over assigned resources in
660-405: The accomplishment of a common goal. An Australian Defence Force definition, similar to that of NATO, emphasises that C2 is the system empowering designated personnel to exercise lawful authority and direction over assigned forces for the accomplishment of missions and tasks. The Australian doctrine goes on to state: "The use of agreed terminology and definitions is fundamental to any C2 system and
693-465: The accomplishment of the mission. Also called C2. Source: JP 1". The edition of the Dictionary "As Amended Through April 2010" elaborates, "Command and control functions are performed through an arrangement of personnel, equipment, communications, facilities, and procedures employed by a commander in planning, directing, coordinating, and controlling forces and operations in the accomplishment of
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#1732765238473726-443: The development of joint doctrine and procedures . The definitions in the following paragraphs have some agreement internationally, although not every potential ally will use the terms with exactly the same meaning." The US Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms defines command and control as: "The exercise of authority and direction by a properly designated commander over assigned and attached forces in
759-615: The first to be established as well as the most research-intensive public universities. These schools are often land-grant research universities. According to Robert M. Berdahl , then-chancellor of the University of California, Berkeley , the phrase "flagship" came into existence in the 1950s when the Morrill Act schools were joined by newer institutions built in a wave of post-war expansion of state university systems . Berdahl notes further that because flagships are generally
792-614: The flagship was typically a first rate ; the aft of one of the three decks would become the admiral's quarters and staff offices. This can be seen on HMS Victory , the flagship of Admiral Horatio Nelson at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, still serving the Royal Navy as the ceremonial flagship of the First Sea Lord from Portsmouth, England . Non-first rates could serve as flagships, however: USS Constitution ,
825-426: The military tactics that use communications technology. It can be abbreviated as C W. An older name for these tactics is "signals warfare", derived from the name given to communications by the military. Newer names include information operations and information warfare . The following techniques are combined: with the physical destruction of enemy communications facilities. The objective is to deny information to
858-461: The mission." However, this sentence is missing from the "command and control" entry for the edition "As Amended Through 15 August 2014." Commanding officers are assisted in executing these tasks by specialized staff officers and enlisted personnel. These military staff are a group of officers and enlisted personnel that provides a bi-directional flow of information between a commanding officer and subordinate military units . The purpose of
891-410: The most important or leading member of a group, as in the flagship station of a broadcast network. The word can be used as a noun or an adjective describing the most prominent or highly touted product, brand, location, or service offered by a company. Derivations include the "flagship brand" or "flagship product" of a manufacturing company, "flagship store" of a retail chain , or "flagship service" of
924-415: The oldest schools within a system, they are often the largest and best financed and are perceived as elite relative to non-flagship state schools. He comments that "Those of us in 'systems' of higher education are frequently actively discouraged from using the term 'flagship' to refer to our campuses because it is seen as hurtful to the self-esteem of colleagues at other institutions in our systems. The use of
957-410: The term flagship is fundamentally a temporary designation; the flagship is wherever the admiral 's flag is being flown. However, admirals have always needed additional facilities, including a meeting room large enough to hold all the captains of the fleet and a place for the admiral's staff to make plans and draw up orders. Historically, only larger ships could accommodate such requirements. The term
990-565: The term is seen by some as elitist and boastful. It is viewed by many, in the context of the politics of higher education, as 'politically incorrect.' ... Only in the safe company of alumni is one permitted to use the term." Nevertheless, the term "flagship university" is still used in official contexts by various state university system boards of governors, state legislatures, and scholars. Additionally, state universities often self-designate themselves as flagships. Higher education agencies, research journals, and other organizations also use
1023-696: The term, though their lists of flagship universities can differ greatly. One list of 50 flagship universities (one per state) is employed by the Higher Education Coordinating Board, the College Board, the Princeton Review and many other state and federal educational and governmental authorities for a variety of purposes including tuition and rate comparisons, research studies and public policy analyses. Despite its ubiquity, this list of 50 flagships
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1056-781: The word "flagship" from the University of Idaho's mission statement. The Board's President Richard Westerberg explained that this revision was made as part of the board's many changes made to multiple Idaho universities' mission statements in an effort to ensure all statements were consistent and collegial in nature rather than comparative or competitive. Flagship stores are core stores for brand name retailers, larger than their standard outlets and stocking greater inventory, often found in prominent shopping districts such as Fifth Avenue in New York, Oxford Street in London, İstiklal Avenue in İstanbul or Tokyo's Ginza . A flagship station
1089-554: Was also used by commercial fleets, when the distinction between a nation's navy and merchant fleet was not clear. An example was Sea Venture , flagship of the fleet of the Virginia Company , which was captained by Royal Navy Vice-Admiral Christopher Newport yet bore the Merchant Navy admiral of the company's fleet, Sir George Somers , during the ill-fated Third Supply of 1609. In the age of sailing ships ,
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