52-712: The Archway Theatre is a unique amateur theatre based in Horley , Surrey , United Kingdom . It is operated by a membership organisation, the Archway Theatre Company. It consists of a 95 seat main auditorium and a 40 seat studio complex. The group performs 10 main productions each year of 10 performances each over a 2-week period. The choice of productions is wide and varied and in 2012 included works by William Shakespeare , Martin McDonagh , Alan Ayckbourn , Alan Bennett and Arthur Miller . The Archway
104-499: A Roman backlash, King Polymius's brother, Prince Astyages, ordered Bartholomew's torture and execution. However, this version of the story appears ahistorical, as there are no records of any Armenian king of the Arsacid dynasty of Armenia with the name "Polymius". Other accounts of his martyrdom name the king as either Agrippa (identified with Tigranes VI ), or Sanatruk , king of Armenia. The 13th-century Saint Bartholomew Monastery
156-429: A figure reminiscent of Bartholomew holds up his skin. This figure is depicted in actual human tissues (made possible by Hagens's plastination process) to educate the public about the inner workings of the human body and to show the effects of healthy and unhealthy lifestyles. In Exquisite Pain 2006, Damien Hirst depicts St Bartholomew with a high level of anatomical detail with his flayed skin draped over his right arm,
208-642: A huge open common. One was around the area occupied by St Bartholomew 's Church and the Six Bells public house; another by the River Mole and the third in Horley Row where some of Horley's oldest buildings can still be seen. The Common was enclosed in 1816, new roads were laid and the intervening land was sold. In 1809 and later in 1816, two turnpikes were introduced to allow the operation of regular coach services from London to Brighton . The railway
260-743: A letter as well as the books of the Old and New Testaments. The letter is from Bartholomew the Apostle and declares that an angel told him to set the ark and its contents afloat. Thus the scientists of Bensalem receive the revelation of the Word of God. The festival in August has been a traditional occasion for markets and fairs, such as the Bartholomew Fair which was held in Smithfield, London , from
312-602: A missionary in Mesopotamia and Parthia , as well as Lycaonia and Ethiopia in other accounts. Popular traditions say that Bartholomew preached the Gospel in India and then went to Greater Armenia. Two ancient testimonies exist about the mission of Saint Bartholomew in India. These are by Eusebius of Caesarea (early 4th century) and by Saint Jerome (late 4th century). Both of these refer to this tradition while speaking of
364-530: A scalpel in one hand and a pair of scissors in the other. The inclusion of scissors was inspired by Tim Burton 's film Edward Scissorhands (1990). Bartholomew plays a part in Francis Bacon 's Utopian tale New Atlantis , about a mythical isolated land, Bensalem, populated by a people dedicated to reason and natural philosophy. Some twenty years after the ascension of Christ the people of Bensalem find an ark floating off their shore. The ark contains
416-590: A small island off the coast of Sicily , in the part of Italy controlled from Constantinople, was explained by Gregory of Tours by his body having miraculously washed up there. A large piece of his skin and many bones that were kept in the Cathedral of St. Bartholomew in Lipari, were translated to Benevento in 838, where they are still kept in the Basilica San Bartolomeo. A portion of the relics
468-430: A virtual constant of iconography. An echo of concentration on these details is found in medieval heraldry regarding Bartholomew, which depicts "flaying knives with silver blades and gold handles, on a red field." Saint Bartholomew is often depicted in lavish medieval manuscripts. Bearing in mind that manuscripts are in fact made from flayed and manipulated skin, they hold a strong visual and cognitive association with
520-722: A woodland or clearing. The first part may indicate ownership by a person called "Horne" or that the land was horn-shaped. In the past the Weald was a densely forested and water-logged clay area. During Saxon times, the Manor of Horley came under the control of the Benedictine Abbey of St Peter at Chertsey . In the Domesday Book of 1086, the Manor was within the hundred known as Cherchefelle which in 1199 became known as Reigate . The Manor passed to Henry VIII on
572-583: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Horley Horley is a town in the borough of Reigate and Banstead in Surrey , England, south of the towns of Reigate and Redhill . The county border with West Sussex is to the south with Crawley and Gatwick Airport close to the town. It has its own economy that comprises business parks and a shopping centre with a long high street. Because of its position, it has good commuter links to London and other surrounding towns, with good rail links at
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#1732780925739624-606: Is also venerated on August 25 in commemoration of the transfer of Bartholomew's relics. He is also venerated as one of the twelve apostles on June 30. In the Synaxarium of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria , Bartholomew's martyrdom is commemorated on the first day of the Coptic calendar (i.e., the first day of the month of Thout ), which currently falls on 11 September (corresponding to 29 August in
676-672: Is currently no sixth form provision, so most students go to Redhill , Crawley or Reigate (e.g. East Surrey College and Reigate College ) to continue their studies. All the local schools are part of the Horley Learning Partnership, a local educational confederation which enables schools to develop a range of shared services. It also runs the Horley SureStart centre. Horley is the home town of Horley Town F.C. established in 1898. Horley has cricket , hockey , tennis , bowls , running and, since
728-579: Is depicted wrapped in his own skin with every muscle, vein and tendon clearly visible, acting as a clear description of the muscles and structure of the human body. This idea has influenced some contemporary artists to create an artwork depicting an anatomical study of a human body is found amongst with Gunther Von Hagens 's The Skin Man (2002) and Damien Hirst 's Exquisite Pain (2006). Within Gunther Von Hagens's body of work called Body Worlds
780-543: Is hosted, as its name suggests, underneath the Victoria Road railway arches in Horley, which were built in 1909 when a road bridge was built over the railway in Horley. Originally the theatre was fitted under the width of the roadway and could only seat 65, but the auditorium was expanded and refurbished in 1989 to provide the current capacity of 95. The Studio complex is hosted in a separate set of arches, right next to
832-490: Is that the India that Eusebius and Jerome refer to should be identified as Ethiopia or Arabia Felix . Along with his fellow apostle Jude "Thaddeus" , Bartholomew is reputed to have brought Christianity to Armenia in the 1st century. Thus, both saints are considered the patron saints of the Armenian Apostolic Church . According to these traditions, Bartholomew is the second Catholicos-Patriarch of
884-638: Is the patron saint of tanners , plasterers , tailors , leatherworkers , bookbinders , farmers , housepainters , butchers , and glove makers. In works of art the saint has been depicted being skinned by tanners, as in Guido da Siena 's reliquary shutters with the Martyrdoms of St. Francis, St. Claire, St. Bartholomew, and St. Catherine of Alexandria . Popular in Florence and other areas in Tuscany ,
936-492: Is the present home of Scotia Gas Networks . Today, about a third of the population work locally, while another third commute south to Gatwick and Crawley, and the final third travel further to London, Redhill and Reigate. Horley is home to the Archway Theatre under the arches of the Victoria Road railway bridge. It consists of a bar, auditorium, studio theatre and rehearsal rooms. The main auditorium seats 95 and
988-580: The Armenian Apostolic Church . Christian tradition offers three accounts of Bartholomew's death: "One speaks of his being kidnapped, beaten unconscious, and cast into the sea to drown ." In the Hellenic tradition, Bartholomew was executed in Albanopolis in Armenia, where he was martyred for having converted Polymius, the local king, to Christianity. Enraged by the monarch's conversion, and fearing
1040-858: The Brighton Main Line . Horley is within the BBC London and ITV London region. Television signals are received from either the Reigate or Crystal Palace TV transmitters. Local radio stations are BBC Radio Surrey on 104.0 FM, Heart South on 102.7 FM, and SUSY Radio, a community based station which broadcast on 103.4 FM. The town is served by the local newspaper, Redhill, Reigate And Horley Life. Horley has one secondary school ( Oakwood School ), three primary schools (Manorfield, Trinity Oaks and Langshott ), two junior schools (Yattendon and Meath Green Junior), and two infant schools (Meath Green Infants and Horley Infants). There
1092-750: The Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1539 and changed hands several times during the next sixty years. About 1 mile (1.6 km) to the east is the overgrown but well-preserved site of Thunderfield Castle , a twelfth-century ring and bailey castle. In 1602 it became the property of Christ's Hospital in London and the original map of the manor is now held at the Guildhall in the City of London . This shows that Horley consisted of three hamlets around
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#17327809257391144-732: The Julian calendar ). Hence, the Russian Orthodox Eparchy of Baku and Azerbaijan and Catholic Prefecture of Azerbaijan honour Saint Bartholomew as the Patron Saint of Azerbaijan and regards him as the bringer of Christianity to the region of Caucasian Albania , modern-day Azerbaijan . The feast day of the Apostle is solemnly celebrated there on 24 August by the Christian laity and the Church officials alike. In
1196-606: The Less , John and Simon the Zealot . Quoting Ibn Is-haq, Qurtubi gives the following details concerning the mission of the disciples of Jesus Christ: He sent Peter and Paul to the Roman lands; Andrew and Matthew to Cannibals; Thomas to Babylon; Philips to Africa; John to Damascus the town of the seven-sleeper; Jacob to Jerusalem; Ibn Talma (i.e., Bartholomew ) to the Arab world; Simon to
1248-578: The Middle Ages, and which served as the scene for Ben Jonson 's 1614 homonymous comedy . St Bartholomew's Street Fair is held in Crewkerne , Somerset , annually at the start of September. The fair dates back to Saxon times and the major traders' market was recorded in the Domesday Book . St Bartholomew's Street Fair, Crewkerne is reputed to have been granted its charter in the time of Henry III (1207–1272). The earliest surviving court record
1300-543: The National Gallery painting differs significantly from all other depictions by Ribera. By limiting the number of participants to the main protagonists of the story (the saint, his executioner, one of the priests who condemned him, and one of the soldiers who captured him), and presenting them half-length and filling the picture space, the artist rejected an active, movemented composition for one of intense psychological drama. The cusping along all four edges shows that
1352-444: The area as with most of non-metropolitan Surrey , i.e. since its reduction in 1974, is Metropolitan Green Belt however is permitted where in pursuance with the local plan, and meeting national criteria including demonstrating environmental sustainability and upholding the character of existing localities. Horley is at an altitude of around 54 metres above mean sea level . Salfords in the civil parish of Salfords and Sidlow , on
1404-699: The boundary of Surrey and West Sussex and placed Horley, Gatwick and Charlwood in West Sussex. The removal of Gatwick Airport and the surrounding area from Surrey into West Sussex met some fierce local opposition with the result that the parishes of Horley and Charlwood were subsequently returned to Surrey in the eponymous Charlwood and Horley Act 1974 , leaving the airport to stay in West Sussex. The Horley Master Plan, approved by Reigate & Banstead Borough Council in February 2005, permits almost 2,600 new homes to be built. This prompted immediate controversy as
1456-610: The current Roman General Calendar Saint Bartholomew's feast occurs on 24 August. Bartholomew the Apostle is remembered in the Church of England with a Festival on 24 August. The 6th-century writer Theodorus Lector averred that in about 507, the Byzantine emperor Anastasius I Dicorus gave the body of Bartholomew to the city of Daras , in Mesopotamia, which he had recently refounded. The existence of relics at Lipari ,
1508-399: The divine; yet this same hand draws our attention to the instruments of his torture, symbolically positioned in the shape of a cross. Transfixed by Bartholomew's active faith, the executioner seems to have stopped short in his actions, and his furrowed brow and partially illuminated face suggest a moment of doubt, with the possibility of conversion. The representation of Bartholomew's demise in
1560-568: The first scout patrol , the Pewit Patrol, was established. After gaining members this patrol formed the 1st Horley Scout Group. In 2006 1st Horley merged with 2nd Horley due to a lack of leaders. Notably Robert Baden-Powell was briefly a resident of Horley. When he left for Kenya in 1938 he gifted a Malayan basket and autographed photograph of himself to the Scouts Horley District. The Local Government Act 1972 changed
1612-643: The first part of the 21st century, rugby union clubs. St Bartholomew Bartholomew was one of the twelve apostles of Jesus according to the New Testament . Most scholars today identify Bartholomew as Nathanael , who appears in the Gospel of John (1:45–51; cf. 21:2). The name Bartholomew ( Greek : Βαρθολομαῖος , transliterated "Bartholomaios") comes from the Imperial Aramaic : בר-תולמי bar-Tolmay "son of Talmai " or "son of
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1664-659: The furrows". Bartholomew is listed in the New Testament among the Twelve Apostles of Jesus in the three Synoptic Gospels : Matthew , Mark , and Luke , and in Acts of the Apostles . Eusebius of Caesarea 's Ecclesiastical History (5:10) states that after the Ascension , Bartholomew went on a missionary tour to India, where he left behind a copy of the Gospel of Matthew. Tradition narrates that he served as
1716-572: The knife with which he was skinned. Of this a well known example is featured in Michelangelo 's Last Judgement . Not rarely, Bartholomew is shown draping his own skin around his body. Moreover, representations of Bartholomew with a chained demon are common in Spanish painting. St. Bartholomew is the most prominent flayed Jewish martyr; During the 16th century, images of the flaying of Bartholomew were popular and this detail came to become
1768-660: The large new development at Westvale Park north west of the town centre. At one time the airline Dan-Air had its head office in the now demolished Newman House in Horley. From 1947 until 1955, Horley was home to the Wade Engineering Ltd, who made Wade superchargers . Horley was also home to the Matbro works which produced forklift trucks from the 1950s to the 1980s and pioneered telescopic handlers . The bright yellow Teleram 40 and Teleram C machines were very popular with farmers and construction companies. Horley
1820-744: The local Christian population on the site where the Apostle Bartholomew was believed to have been martyred. Azerbaijani Christians believe that in the area near the Maiden Tower , the apostle Bartholomew was crucified and killed by pagans around 71 AD. The church continued to operate until 1936, when it was demolished as a part of the Soviet campaign against religion. The Armenian Apostolic Church honours Saint Bartholomew and Saint Thaddeus as its patron saints. The Eastern Orthodox Church venerates Bartholomew on June 11. Bartholomew
1872-504: The painting has not been cut down: Ribera intended the composition to be just such a tight, restricted presentation, with the figures cut off and pressed together. Although Bartholomew's death is commonly depicted in artworks of a religious nature, his story has also been used to represent anatomical depictions of the human body devoid of flesh. An example of this can be seen in Marco d'Agrate 's St Bartholomew Flayed (1562) where Bartholomew
1924-409: The railway station and bus services at the bus station. The first written record of Horley is a charter from the late-12th century, in which it appears as Horle . In 1203, it is recorded as Horleg and in 1219 as Horlei . In the 13th century, it appears as Horleia , Hornle and Hornly , and in 1428 as Horneele . The second half of the name, –ley , derives from Old English : leah meaning
1976-781: The reported visit of Saint Pantaenus to India in the 2nd century. The studies of Fr A.C. Perumalil SJ and Moraes hold that the Bombay region on the Konkan coast, a region which may also have been known as the ancient city Kalyan , was the field of Saint Bartholomew's missionary activities. Previously the consensus among scholars was at least skeptical about an apostolate of Saint Bartholomew in India. Stallings (1703), Neander (1853), Hunter (1886), Rae (1892), Zaleski (1915) supported it, while scholars such as Sollerius (1669), Carpentier (1822), Harnack (1903), Medlycott (1905), Mingana (1926), Thurston (1933), Attwater (1935), etc. do not. The main argument
2028-551: The right, the saint wears his own skin tied around his neck while he kneels in prayer before a rock, his severed head lying on the ground. A further depiction is that of the Flaying of St. Bartholomew in the Luttrell Psalter c. 1325 –1340. There, Bartholomew is depicted lying on a surgical table, surrounded by tormentors while he is flayed with golden knives. Due to the nature of his martyrdom, Bartholomew
2080-592: The road to Redhill , is to the north and Gatwick Airport is between Horley and Crawley to the south. The village of Charlwood is to the west and Smallfield is to the east across the M23 Motorway . Horley is in the parliamentary constituency of Dorking and Horley . Horley is part of the Borough of Reigate and Banstead , but also has a town council. The Town Mayor and Chairman of the Town Council for
2132-492: The saint also came to be associated with salt, oil, and cheese merchants. The Martyrdom of Saint Bartholomew (1634) by Jusepe de Ribera depicts Bartholomew's final moments before being flayed alive. The viewer is meant to empathize with Bartholomew, whose body seemingly bursts through the surface of the canvas, and whose outstretched arms embrace a mystical light that illuminates his flesh. His piercing eyes, open mouth, and petitioning left hand bespeak an intense communion with
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2184-459: The saint during the medieval period. Florentine artist Pacino di Bonaguida , depicts his martyrdom in a complex and striking composition in his Laudario of Sant'Agnese, a book of Italian Hymns produced for the Compagnia di Sant'Agnese c. 1340 . In the five-scene, narrative-based image, three torturers flay Bartholomew's legs and arms as he is immobilised and chained to a gate. On
2236-527: The station, and combines the Studio Auditorium, rehearsal rooms, as well as a function room which is available for hire from the public. The Archway puts on ten main auditorium productions each year as well as a number of productions in the studio. It has also co-operated with other small theatres in the surrounding counties to produce, for the first time since 1936, a collection of ten Noël Coward plays. This British theatre–related article
2288-417: The studio seats 40. The company presents 10 full productions each year as well as a number of studio events and youth productions. Horley is served by Metrobus and Southdown bus routes connecting with Redhill, Three Bridges, Crawley, East Grinstead, Caterham and Gatwick Airport, as well as the outlying villages of Charlwood and Smallfield. Horley railway station is served by Southern and Thameslink on
2340-699: The year 2023-24 is Residents' Association Independent Councillor Martin Saunders. In May 2016, the Conservative-led town council elected David Jackson as deputy mayor, even though he was at the time on bail and under investigation for sexually and indecently assaulting girls under the age of thirteen; he was subsequently convicted. Horley has two representatives on Surrey County Council , headquartered in Reigate : Ward Horley has 9 representatives on Reigate and Banstead Borough Council , headquartered in Reigate : Ward Horley (along with Charlwood )
2392-465: Was 28%, the average that was apartments was 22.6%. The proportion of households in the civil parish who owned their home outright compares to the regional average of 35.1%. The proportion who owned their home with a loan compares to the regional average of 32.5%. The remaining % is made up of rented dwellings (plus a negligible % of households living rent-free). There has been a substantial increase in housing and population since 2011, including
2444-480: Was a prominent Armenian monastery constructed at the presumed site of Bartholomew's martyrdom in Vaspurakan , Greater Armenia (now in southeastern Turkey). Azerbaijani Christians hold the official position that Apostle Bartholomew was the first person to bring Christianity to the lands of modern Azerbaijan and believe that he preached there. Saint Bartholomew Church (Baku) was built in 1892 with donations from
2496-502: Was given in 983 by Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor , to Rome, where it is conserved at San Bartolomeo all'Isola , which was founded on the site of the temple of Asclepius , in pagan times an important Roman medical centre. This association with medicine caused Bartholomew's name to become associated in course of time with hospitals. A part of Bartholomew's alleged skull was transferred to the Frankfurt Cathedral , while an arm
2548-476: Was laid in 1841 and a station was built in the town. From that position, and from that date, Horley grew at a slow rate until 1950. Since then its population has doubled as it became a dormitory town for London commuters. From 1904 until 1909 the Horley Motor & Engineering Co. manufactured cars and vans at their premises on Balcombe road. These were reportedly sold as Horley and No Name . In 1908
2600-465: Was made in 1280, which can be found in the British Library . The Qur'anic account of the disciples of Jesus does not include their names, numbers, or any detailed accounts of their lives. Muslim exegesis , however, more or less agrees with the New Testament list and holds that the disciples included Peter , Philip , Thomas , Bartholomew, Matthew , Andrew , James , Jude , James
2652-423: Was moved into West Sussex with Gatwick Airport by the Local Government Act 1972 . Due to public opposition to these the changes, they were returned to Surrey in the Charlwood and Horley Act 1974 , although the airport and Lowfield Heath stayed in West Sussex. Horley has been twinned with the town of Vimy , France since 1991. The average level of accommodation in the region composed of detached houses
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#17327809257392704-413: Was venerated in Canterbury Cathedral . In 2003, Patriarch Bartholomew I of Constantinople brought some of the remains of St. Bartholomew to Baku as a gift to Azerbaijani Christians, and these remains are now kept in the Holy Myrrhbearers Cathedral . Saint Bartholomew has been credited with several miracles. In artistic depictions, Bartholomew is most commonly depicted holding his flayed skin and
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