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47-519: Upon formation, ALTC combined the previously separate components into "effects-based training divisions" including "integrated logistics, material support, distribution and personnel support" under a headquarters with an operations cell and a development group. According to an article published in the Army News in June 2008, this had the result of "severing corps affiliations" and, as a result, in late 2007

94-501: A primary school , shops, a variety of sporting facilities, and a theatre. The area was first used as a mobilisation and training area during World War I. During the early 1920s, an ordnance store and rifle range were built on the site. In 1939, the area was formally established as Puckapunyal Camp: the name was taken from the Aboriginal name for a large hill within the training area, which has been variously translated as "death to

141-596: A 435 km Important Bird Area (IBA) because it supports the largest known population of bush stone-curlews in Victoria. It is also regularly visited by endangered swift parrots , often in large numbers. Diamond firetails are common residents. Other significant birds recorded from the site (out of a total of 207 species) are regent and painted honeyeaters , flame and pink robins , Australasian and black-backed bitterns , powerful and barking owls , and white-throated and spotted nightjars . Puckapunyal

188-572: A blue oval patch in a similar shape to the ADF service badges but with the Corps's "sword and torch emblem" on it, epaulets always have the prefix "Army Cadet" for cadets or "AAC" for instructors added to them. Cadets' slouch hats generally have a metal "sword and torch" badge at the front and a blue and yellow patch on the right side, although some school based units issue their own badges. Previously cadets could also wear ceremonial uniform identical to that of

235-536: A nationwide reach with cadet units in every state and territory in Australia. Youth must be at least 12 years of age, and not have reached age 17 to be eligible to apply for enrolment into the AAC. Once enrolled, they may remain as a cadet until the last day of the year they reach age 18. Age extensions exist for some positions (Battalion, Regional, National) to the age of 19, but this is a very rare occurrence. A cadet in

282-594: A testing ground for defence approaches to animal conservation that continue to develop to this day." The Puckapunyal Military Area (PMA) experiences cool to cold winters, when most of the average annual rainfall of 596 mm occurs, and dry, warm to hot, summers. The site is characterised by a series of rocky hills and ridges trending north to south, with the highest parts around Mount Puckapunyal (413 m) and Mount Kappe (384 m). The soils are mainly duplex , having low natural fertility and water holding capacity, with smaller areas of deep alluvium . Surface drainage

329-652: Is authorised under Section 62 of the Defence Act 1903 with lawful policies provided in the Cadet Forces Regulations 2013 (originally authorised under Cadet Forces Regulations 1977). The Australian Army Cadets is a youth organisation that is modelled on the Australian Army. It differs from Scouts Australia and other youth exploration groups as its main focus is that of learning and using military and leadership skills. The organisation boasts

376-884: Is home to the Australian Army's School of Armour, the School of Artillery and the School of Transport, along with the Combined Arms Training Centre , the Joint Logistics Unit, and two transport squadrons. The Royal Australian Armoured Corps Memorial and Army Tank Museum is on the base's grounds, and the facilities are used by the Victorian Australian Army Cadets Brigade. Apart from the military education and training venues, most accommodation consists of single-storey brick houses with backyards. It contains

423-721: Is mentioned in the song " I Was Only 19 ", the No. 1 single by Redgum from the 1983 album Caught in the Act . It is also mentioned in episode 84 of the TV series Prisoner (alternatively known as Prisoner: Cell Block H ). Australian Army Cadets The Australian Army Cadets ( AAC ) is the youth military program and organisation of the Australian Army , tasked with supporting participants to contribute to society, fostering interest in defence force careers, and developing support for

470-1336: Is now based in the AWMA. Soldiers and officers from the Army's logistics corps – the Royal Australian Electrical and Mechanical Engineers , the Royal Australian Army Ordnance Corps , the Australian Army Catering Corps , the Royal Australian Corps of Transport , the Royal Australian Army Pay Corps , the Royal Australian Army Nursing Corps and the Royal Australian Army Medical Corps – and small numbers of Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force personnel undertake various courses at ALTC as part of their initial employment training, or as part of corps-specific promotion courses. The centre

517-455: Is one year. In September 2024, a decision was made to prohibit members of the NCLG from re-applying to an NCLG role in the following year, regardless of being eligible through age and not joining the ADF. This made CUO Josh Cronin (NCDT ADJT, 2024) the first cadet to be prohibited from applying for a position for having already held an experienced role. This decision was made in an attempt to promote

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564-823: Is oriented towards the north and north east, with surface runoff flowing into the Goulburn River . All streams in the PMA are seasonal. The PMA contains box-ironbark forest that forms one of the largest discrete remnants of this threatened ecosystem in Victoria. Some 706 species of vascular , and 170 of non-vascular, plant have been recorded. Two species, clover glycine and trailing hop-bush , are nationally threatened. Records have been made of 44 mammals , 18 reptiles , 12 frogs , 11 fish and over 140 invertebrates . The entire PMA, along with two small reserves and an army munitions storage site at nearby Mangalore , has been identified by BirdLife International as

611-470: Is responsible for training around 5,000 students each year, spread across around 334 different courses, and works closely with civilian training providers such as Wodonga TAFE, Monash University and RMIT , to provide nationally recognised qualifications to military personnel. Upon completion of employment training graduating members are posted to various combat, combat support and service support units. Puckapunyal Puckapunyal (more formally

658-428: Is some regional variation. The regions are divided as follows: North Queensland, South Queensland, New South Wales, New South Wales 2nd, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia, Western Australia and Northern Territory. Cadets wear " Auscam " DPCU uniforms for field activities. As of 2023, cadets wear AMCU in both barracks and ceremonial orders of dress. In order to distinguish cadets from Australian soldiers, cadets wear

705-650: The 1st Armoured Regiment was raised at Puckapunyal. The regiment remained based at Puckapunyal until it relocated to Darwin in June 1995. During the 1950s, Puckapunyal was host to the 3rd National Service Training Brigade (see National Service Act 1951 ). During the Vietnam War , national servicemen conscripted under the National Service Act 1964 outside of Queensland and New South Wales were sent to Puckapunyal (soldiers from these states trained at Kapooka or Singleton ). They were trained by

752-499: The 2nd Recruit Training Battalion , with up to 4,000 soldiers at Puckapunyal at any given time. By 1988, subsequent land acquisitions had increased the training area to 39,290 hectares (97,100 acres). The National Service barracks were transferred to the Third Training Group in the 1980s to provide recruit and promotion training for General Reserve soldiers and also promotion training for Reserve Officers attending

799-736: The Puckapunyal Military Area , but also known as the Puckapunyal Camp or Puckapunyal Army Base , and colloquially as " Pucka ") is an Australian Army training facility and base 10 km west of Seymour , in central Victoria , south-eastern Australia . Puckapunyal is a small restricted-access town inhabited mainly by about 280 families of the Australian Defence Force community, with an associated area of about 400 km of bushland and former pasture used for field training exercises . It

846-484: The 12th Regiment of Foot, based at Victoria Barracks (Melbourne), commenced drill instruction to students at Scotch College before the establishment of their cadet unit in 1884 when The Volunteer (Cadet) Act 1884 came into effect. A school holiday was proclaimed on 19 November 1886 to mark the occasion of the first public parade of the Victorian Cadet Force at Albert Park. More than 2000 cadets representing

893-455: The AAC as a positive youth development program. Political views have changed throughout the years. The AAC has been subject to criticism, most notably because of its military uniform, program, discipline and structure in youth training. In the 1970s, under the Whitlam government , the AAC was briefly disestablished from defence force and government control, and support and military-like training

940-801: The AAC is not considered to be a member of the Australian Defence Force, nor are cadets allowed to be a member of the Defence Force or any other cadet service during their time as a cadet. Research studies have shown that cadets have performed better than non-cadets in Australian Defence Force Training, and 25.4% of the Australian Defence Force has been in the Australian Defence Force Cadets. From 2001 to 2005, cadets made up 10% of applications and 11% of total Australian Defence Force enlistments. The King's School and Newington College vie for

987-631: The AAC to commemorate the centenary of the cadets on 24 September 2005, with the old Duke of Edinburgh Banner laid up at the Soldiers Chapel at Kapooka during the 2006 Chief of Army Cadet Team Challenge. The AAC celebrated its centenary since the establishment of the Commonwealth Cadet Corps on 16 July 2006, as opposed to the centenaries of individual units, with the Victorian Brigade holding a large parade to mark

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1034-637: The AAC. The AAC is a youth development program building resilience in young Australians from all backgrounds. Activities of the AAC include but are not limited to drill and ceremonial parade, abseiling, seamanship, navigation, field camping and first aid. The Australian Army Cadets are headquartered at the Russell Offices Military Complex in Canberra . There are also regional headquarters which are directly in charge of Army Cadet Brigades/Battalions. The Australian Army Cadets

1081-757: The King's School had closed and did not reopen until January 1869, when it was amalgamated with the St Mark's unit. The unit was renamed the King's School Cadets Corps. In 1869, the Newington College Cadet Corps was formally incorporated by the Governor of New South Wales ( Somerset Lowry-Corry, 4th Earl Belmore ), and is now believed to be the second oldest continually running corps in Australia, after The King's School Cadet Corps. The first regional unit, and third oldest continually running corps in

1128-586: The Reserve Command and Staff College. This continued until the closure of the Training Group in June 2000. During 1999 and 2000, citizens from Kosovo were housed in the Training Group barracks (as well as at other military barracks around the country) as part of a temporary protection program called Operation Safe Haven in support of the NATO activity in the province. They returned to Kosovo once

1175-496: The Victorian Soil Conservation Authority managed operations and provided its expertise in soil erosion and land restoration. By 1985, the extensive program of earthworks, soil and water erosion control, and revegetation had been completed on 20,000 hectares of land. Some 5,000 hectares of barren and denuded landscape was repaired, and 16,000 hectares of improved pasture had been established. At

1222-464: The accessibility of NCLG positions to all cadets. The Senior Cadet Leadership Group (SCLG) is a collection of every regional appointment from across Australia. This includes regional CUOs, regional RSMs, and where applicable, regional ADJTs and TRGOs. The SCLG meets approximately monthly, discussing a range of matters including updates from around the country, and initiatives and taskings passed down from HQ AAC. The SCLG meets at intervals throughout

1269-415: The area barren and denuded. Although attempts at revegetation occurred in the 1950s, by the 1960s parts of the site were impassable because of waterlogging and severe erosion. For the tanks of the armored division, these areas were unsafe and unusable. One newspaper described it as the “most desolate and barren military camp in Victoria.” By 1969, the Army was faced with two alternatives: “(1) to rehabilitate

1316-522: The area, or (2) to abandon it with consequent loss of facilities and the certainty of having to face similar problems elsewhere in the future.” The former option was taken. The Puckapunyal Restoration and Conservation Project began work in 1971. Officially operating under the auspices of Defence, the research and scientific support for the project was provided by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), while

1363-761: The centre itself has an overarching headquarters that includes development, operations and planning groups. Training is undertaken in four principal locations: Puckapunyal , Victoria; HMAS Cerberus at Crib Point , Victoria; Ross Island Barracks in Townsville , Queensland , and the Albury-Wodonga Military Area (AWMA). Within the AWMA, the ALTC is spread across several bases including Latchford Barracks at Bonegilla , and Gaza Ridge Barracks and Wadsworth Barracks at Bandiana. ALTC's School of Army Health previously operated out of Portsea, but

1410-676: The centre was reorganised into "four corps-aligned trade schools ... [and] two schools of higher education", being the Army School of Logistic Operations, the Army School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, the Army School of Transport, the Army School of Ordnance, the Army School of Health and the Australian Defence Force Chaplains College. Each school consists of several different wings or cells each tasked with delivering different training courses and each with their own headquarters elements, while

1457-551: The completion of the project, land management and scientific officers were appointed to continually monitor and research the Puckapunyal site. A rest and restore program was implemented, creating “no go” areas where the land was overused, where new vegetation was establishing itself or was otherwise sensitive to environmental changes, or where research was being conducted. Elsewhere, Wilkie has argued that "Although conservation programmes emphasised utility for defence requirements,

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1504-647: The country, was established in September 1898 by The Armidale School . With the establishment of many cadet units and corps at numerous boys' schools throughout the Commonwealth, His Majesty King Edward VII established the Commonwealth Cadet Corps in Australia on 16 July 1906. However, military training to students commenced in 1851 in the Port Phillip Colony of New South Wales, the year Victoria separated from NSW, when Sergeant Major Cleary from

1551-630: The eagle", "the outer barbarians", "the middle hill", "place of exile", and "valley of the winds". The base was used to train the Second Australian Imperial Force , as other Army establishments were at capacity training Militia units. The original site was too small for wartime training, and an additional 5,700 hectares (14,000 acres) were acquired. As well as Australian units, the United States Army's 41st Infantry Division trained at Puckapunyal. In 1949,

1598-596: The event. As of 2019, the largest individual AAC unit is the Knox Grammar School Army Cadet Unit (KGSACU) , with 1100 members. Note: Although most regional headquarters are state based, Queensland has been split into North and South due to their combined size. Additionally, most school based units (SBUs) in New South Wales are part of New South Wales 2nd Australian Army Cadets Brigade. The Australian public generally view

1645-610: The forces. The program has more than 19,000 army cadets between the ages of 12 and 20 based in more than 200 units around Australia . The values of the AAC are "Service, Courage, Respect, Integrity and Excellence". The cadet programme has strong links to the Australian Army and is a part of the Australian Defence Force Cadets . However, its members are not members of the Australian Defence Force by virtue only of their membership of

1692-457: The honour of having the oldest Cadet Corps in Australia. An embryonic corps was founded by Newington College when a drill master was appointed to staff in 1865. Two years later, a sergeant-major was appointed, muskets and carbines were purchased, and an armoury and gunpowder store were opened at Newington College. The first official unit in Australia was established on 29 March 1866 at St Mark's Collegiate School by Reverend Macarthur. In June 1868,

1739-663: The nearby school based units recently closed down. In NSW, the first RCU formed was 20 RCU Ashfield, originally Punchbowl High School Cadets, and then based at the 2 Construction Group depot of RAE in Haberfield, Sydney in early 1984. By 1998, however, all cadet units again received full support. In 1993, the Australian Cadet Corps was renamed the Australian Army Cadet Corps. Many cadet units were now re-equipped with DPCU uniforms replacing

1786-639: The older green uniforms. In 2001, the Australian Army Cadet Corps was renamed the Australian Army Cadets as part of major reforms brought about with the Topley review. In 2004, the title of regional cadet unit (RCU) was dropped in favour of Army cadet unit (ACU). Governor-General Michael Jeffery presented a replacement banner on behalf of the Duke to Parade Commander and National Cadet Adjutant CUO Christopher Casey (of 236 ACU Toukley) on behalf of

1833-510: The outbreak of World War II caused the regimental detachments to be disbanded as staff were needed to train soldiers for overseas service. Some school based units closed down while some struggled on. By the end of World War II, regimental detachments had been re-raised. Between 1949 and 1975, school based units were attached to citizen military forces units. The CMF is the precursor of the modern day Australian Army Reserve . Regimental units continued to exist. By 1951, The Commonwealth Cadet Corps

1880-476: The restoration project of the 1970s and 1980s had, in reality, reimagined Puckapunyal as both a military training area and a natural landscape for vegetation and habitat for animals ... the restoration project appears to have been a net benefit to native animal populations, providing habitat and sanctuary for various species that are endemic to the grassy woodlands that have otherwise not been well protected under traditional conservation models ... Puckapunyal provided

1927-481: The school, parents or community organisations such as the RSL. As a result, most government school based cadet units closed between 1984 and 1986. Instead, full military support was provided to cadet units based at existing Army depots, now classified as regional cadet Units (RCU). Some school based units in disadvantaged areas or located some distance from a military depot were given RCU status. Many RCUs attracted cadets from

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1974-552: The situation there had stabilized. It serves as a testing ground for armoured fighting vehicles . In the 1970s and 1980s, the Army undertook a land rehabilitation program, as decades of heavy use had caused major land degradation . At the time, it was "one of the largest single landscape revegetation operations yet attempted in Australia and perhaps anywhere." Wilkie summarises the project as follows: Historical land use impacts and heavy military usage, with little attention paid to land management or maintenance, eventually left

2021-765: The units of 41 state schools, 11 independent or private schools and one Catholic school were inspected by the governor. In 1910, the Universal Training Scheme was introduced. Under the scheme, all medically fit males 14–20 years of age had to serve in cadets. Boys who did not comply were charged and dealt with by the courts. Training cadets were divided into two groups. Senior cadets between 16 and 18 years of age were attached to militia units (now known as Army reserve units), called regimental detachments, while students between 14 and 16 years of age remained as school cadets. Officers came from teaching staff, and selected cadets were made "Cadet Lieutenants". In 1939,

2068-695: The year. Items to be discussed are compiled previous to the meeting by the NCUO and NCDT ADJT. Minutes from each meeting are recorded by the NCDT ADJT and distributed. The SCLG is chaired by the National Cadet Under Officer, with the National Cadet Adjutant as Secretary. The Regional Cadet Under Officer and Regional Cadet RSM of each AAC region make up the council, alongside any other regional appointments for which there

2115-631: Was re-raised by the Fraser Liberal government on 1 October 1976. By 1981, the ACC had 20,650 cadets. As a result of the Beazley Defence review white paper in 1984, full military support was withdrawn from school based cadet units, now classed as limited support Units (LSU). Military support for LSUs was limited solely to the discretionary loan of equipment for annual camps. Uniforms, transport, rations and personal equipment all had to be funded by

2162-553: Was renamed the Australian Cadet Corps (ACC). On 2 June 1953, The Duke of Edinburgh became the Colonel-in-Chief of the ACC, as a part of the coronation of his wife, Queen Elizabeth II . The Duke of Edinburgh presented his banner as a gift to the Corps on 2 May 1970 at Victoria Barracks , Sydney. At this time, there were 46,000 cadets in Australia. In 1975, the ACC was disbanded by the Whitlam Labor government and

2209-473: Was suspended and reviewed. However, many units continued under private operation. In 2007, a Scotch College Cadet Unit cadet, Nathan Francis, died from an anaphylactic reaction to a combat ration pack, resulting in this particular type of rations being withdrawn from use. The National Cadet Leadership Group (NCLG) are the four most senior cadets in Australia, who provide an experienced Cadet perspective to HQ AAC. These include: The tenure of these appointments

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