The Ashikaga clan ( Japanese : 足利氏 , Hepburn : Ashikaga-shi ) was a Japanese samurai clan and dynasty which established the Ashikaga shogunate and ruled Japan from roughly 1333 to 1573. The Ashikaga were descended from a branch of the Minamoto clan , deriving originally from the town of Ashikaga in Shimotsuke Province (modern-day Tochigi Prefecture ).
22-519: Ashikaga (足利) may refer to: Ashikaga clan (足利氏 Ashikaga-shi ), a Japanese samurai clan descended from the Minamoto clan; and that formed the basis of the eponymous shogunate Ashikaga shogunate (足利幕府 Ashikaga bakufu ), a Japanese shōgun dynasty Ashikaga era (足利時代 Ashikaga jidai ), a period of Japanese history related to the eponymous dynasty Ashikaga clan (Fujiwara) (足利氏 Ashikaga-shi ),
44-666: A Japanese samurai clan descended from the Fujiwara clan Ashikaga, Tochigi (足利市 Ashikaga-shi ), a city in Japan Ashikaga Station (足利駅 Ashikaga eki ), a train station in the city of Ashikaga Ashikaga District, Tochigi (足利郡), a former district located in Tochigi Ashikaga Junior College (足利短期大学 Ashikaga tanki daigaku ), a school in the city of Ashikaga Ashikaga Institute of Technology (足利工業大学 Ashikaga kogyō daigaku ),
66-578: A century, the clan was divided in two rival branches, the Kantō Ashikaga , who ruled from Kamakura , and the Kyōto Ashikaga, rulers of Japan. The rivalry ended with the defeat of the first in 1439. The clan had many notable branch clans, including the Hosokawa , Imagawa , Hatakeyama (after 1205), Kira , Shiba , and Hachisuka clans. After the head family of the Minamoto clan died out during
88-414: A conciliatory memorial to the emperor, and numerous gifts including horses, fans, gold, screens, paper, swords, armor, and inkstone cases. The mission was successful, and returned to Japan the following year. A Ming envoy returned alongside Soa and Koetomi, and presented Yoshimitsu with an official imperial Chinese calendar, and documents officially recognizing (or investing) him as "King of Japan." After
110-595: A school in the city of Ashikaga Ashikaga murder case , a murder case that occurred in the city of Ashikaga See also [ edit ] All pages with titles beginning with Ashikaga All pages with titles containing Ashikaga Northern Court or Ashikaga Pretenders , pretenders to the Japanese imperial throne during the Ashikaga shogunate Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
132-587: The Kikuchi clan at Hakata Bay in the Battle of Tatarahama (1336) , Takauji was "virtually master of Kyushu". His brother advanced simultaneously by land and both reached the environs of present-day Kobe in July. At the decisive Battle of Minatogawa in 1336, Takauji defeated Yoshisada again and killed Masashige, allowing him to seize Kyoto for good. Emperor Kōmyō of the illegitimate Northern Court (see below)
154-670: The Northern Court , named after its location in Kyoto , which was north of Go-Daigo's court. The conflict between Go-Daigo and the Ashikaga clan is known as the Northern and Southern Courts disturbance (南北朝の動乱). In 1392, the Southern Court surrendered to the third shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu (1358–1408). The Ashikaga clan had 15 Shōguns from 1333 to 1573. Some were more powerful or prominent than others. Ashikaga Yoshimitsu
176-491: The Fourth Rank, Junior Grade. His Buddhist name was Tojiinden Niyama Myogi dai koji Chojuji-dono (等持院殿仁山妙義大居士長寿寺殿). Parents and siblings Consorts and issue: Significant events which shaped the period during which Takauji was shōgun are: Takauji's son Ashikaga Yoshiakira succeeded him as shōgun after his death. His grandson Ashikaga Yoshimitsu united the Northern and Southern courts in 1392. Because of
198-575: The anomalous situation, which he had himself created and which saw two Emperors reign simultaneously, one in Yoshino and one in Kyoto, the years in which Takauji was shōgun as reckoned by the Gregorian calendar are identified in Japanese historical records by two different series of Japanese era names ( nengō ), that following the datation used by the legitimate Southern Court and that formulated by
220-634: The city fell to Nitta, the Shogunal regent , Hōjō Takatoki, and his clansmen committed suicide. This ended the Kamakura shogunate, as well as the Hōjō clan's power and influence. Go-Daigo was enthroned once more as emperor, reestablishing the primacy of the Imperial court in Kyoto and starting the so-called Kenmu Restoration . However, shortly thereafter, the samurai clans became increasingly disillusioned with
242-562: The death of Yoshimitsu, the Ashikaga Shogunate lost power and influence. In 1429, Ashikaga Yoshinori , the sixth shogun, adapted Yoshimitsu's policies in order to strengthen the power of the Shogunate. He wanted to increase military power but faced opposition. His 12-year reign saw the restoration of diplomatic ties and trade between Japan and China that had been the fourth Shogun, Yoshimochi's undertaking. Ashikaga Yoshiaki
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#1732765931750264-626: The early Kamakura period , the Ashikaga came to style themselves as the head of the Minamoto, co-opting the prestige which came with that name. Another Ashikaga clan, not related by blood, and derived instead from the Fujiwara clan , also existed. Emperor Go-Daigo (1288–1339) destroyed the Kamakura shogunate in 1333, but was unable to control the unrest produced. The emperor's inefficient rule led to one of his greatest generals, Ashikaga Takauji (1305–1358), to betray him in 1335. This established
286-464: The path for Takauji and Tadayoshi to march on to Kyoto. He captured Kyoto for a few days in February 1336, only to be driven out and fled to Kyūshū due to the arrival of forces under Prince Takanaga , Prince Norinaga , Kitabatake Akiie and Yūki Munehiro . After Takauji and his brother were forced to retreat to the west, he then allied himself with the clans native to Kyūshū. After defeating
308-679: The pretender Northern Court . Eras as reckoned by the Southern Court (declared legitimate by a Meiji era decree because in possession at the time of the Japanese Imperial Regalia ): Eras as reckoned by the pretender Northern Court (declared illegitimate by a Meiji era decree because not in possession at the time of the Japanese Imperial Regalia ): The story of Ashikaga Takauji, Emperor Go-Daigo, Nitta Yoshisada, and Kusunoki Masashige from
330-405: The rebellion and took Kamakura for himself. Taking up the cause of his fellow samurai, he claimed the title of Sei-i Taishōgun and allotted land to his followers without permission from the court. Takauji announced his allegiance to the imperial court, but Emperor Go-Daigo sent Nitta Yoshisada to reclaim Kamakura. Takauji defeated Yoshisada in the battles of Sanoyama and Mishima. This cleared
352-536: The reestablished imperial court, which sought to return to the social and political systems of the Heian period . Sensing their discontent, Takauji pleaded with the emperor to do something before rebellion would break out, however his warnings were ignored. Hōjō Tokiyuki , son of Takatoki, took the opportunity to start the Nakasendai rebellion to try to reestablish the shogunate in Kamakura in 1335. Takauji put down
374-457: The title Ashikaga . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ashikaga&oldid=862966080 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Ashikaga clan For about
396-517: Was installed as emperor by Takauji in opposition to the exiled Southern Court , beginning the turbulent Northern and Southern Court period ( Nanbokuchō ), which saw two emperors fight each other and which would last for almost 60 years. Besides other honors, Emperor Go-Daigo had given Takauji the title of Chinjufu-shōgun , or Commander-in-chief of the Defense of the North, and the courtly title of
418-595: Was not afraid of death. Second, he was merciful and tolerant. Third, he was very generous with those below him. His childhood name was Matagorō (又太郎). Takauji was a general of the Kamakura shogunate sent to Kyoto in 1333 to put down the Genkō War which had started in 1331. After becoming increasingly disillusioned with the Kamakura shogunate over time, Takauji joined the banished Emperor Go-Daigo and Kusunoki Masashige , and seized Kyoto. Soon after, Nitta Yoshisada joined their cause, and laid siege to Kamakura . When
440-1015: Was the 15th and last Shogun. He came into power in 1568 with the help of the general Oda Nobunaga . After rivalry emerged between the two, Nobunaga defeated Yoshiaki and banished him from Kyoto . This effectively ended the rule of the Ashikaga clan in 1573. 1. Ashikaga Yoshiyasu 2. Ashikaga Yoshikane 3. Ashikaga Yoshiuji 4. Ashikaga Yasuuji 5. Ashikaga Yoriuji 6. Ashikaga Ietoki 7. Ashikaga Sadauji 8. Ashikaga Takauji 1. Ashikaga Takauji 2. Ashikaga Yoshiakira 3. Ashikaga Yoshimitsu 4. Ashikaga Yoshimochi 5. Ashikaga Yoshikazu 6. Ashikaga Yoshinori 7. Ashikaga Yoshikatsu 8. Ashikaga Yoshimasa 9. Ashikaga Yoshihisa 10. Ashikaga Yoshitane 11. Ashikaga Yoshizumi 12. Ashikaga Yoshiharu 13. Ashikaga Yoshiteru 14. Ashikaga Yoshihide 15 Ashikaga Yoshiaki Ashikaga Takauji Ashikaga Takauji ( 足利 尊氏 , August 18, 1305 – June 7, 1358) also known as Minamoto no Takauji
462-694: Was the founder and first shōgun of the Ashikaga shogunate . His rule began in 1338, beginning the Muromachi period of Japan , and ended with his death in 1358. He was a male-line descendant of the samurai of the ( Minamoto ) Seiwa Genji line (meaning they were descendants of Emperor Seiwa ) who had settled in the Ashikaga area of Shimotsuke Province , in present-day Tochigi Prefecture . According to Zen master and intellectual Musō Soseki , who enjoyed his favor and collaborated with him, Takauji had three qualities. First, he kept his cool in battle and
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#1732765931750484-503: Was the third shogun of the Ashikaga clan. He made the Ashikaga Shogunate strong and stable. Ashikaga Yoshimitsu was responsible for the defeat of the Southern Court in 1392. Known for his patronage of the arts, he constructed the Kinkaku-ji in 1397. Yoshimitsu also expanded foreign relations with Ming China . Yoshimitsu sent an embassy to Ming Dynasty China in 1401, headed by priest Soa and Hakata merchant Koetomi. They brought with them
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