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80-616: Asian Canadians are considered visible minorities and may be classified as East Asian Canadians , South Asian Canadians , Southeast Asian Canadians , and West Asian Canadians . According to the 2021 Canadian census , the pan-ethnic breakdown of major Asian-origin Canadian groups includes South Asian Canadians (2,571,400 persons or 35.1 percent), East Asian Canadians (2,289,805 persons or 31.2 percent), Southeast Asian Canadians (1,434,330 persons or 19.6 percent), and West Asian Canadians (1,086,230 people or 14.8 percent). In further detail,

160-459: A visible minority ( French : minorité visible ) is defined by the Government of Canada as "persons, other than aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour". The term is used primarily as a demographic category by Statistics Canada , in connection with that country's Employment Equity policies. The qualifier "visible" was chosen by the Canadian authorities as

240-547: A Steveston landmark, is currently located adjacent to the Steveston Community Centre. Along with Richmond, Steveston transformed from farmland to residential housing. Since the 1970s, the community, which remains an active fishing port, has enhanced its heritage character and waterfront to attract business and tourism. Garry Point, at the southwest tip of the community (and Lulu Island ), was named in 1827 to honour Nicholas Garry, former Deputy Governor of

320-600: A barge in Snug Cove; Basinto Pasento, who called his home Pasento Ranch and died in February 1904, John Delmond, and Jose Garcia. Several others worked as loggers, millhand, mine laborers, and longshoremen intermarrying with Indigenous peoples and other Pacific Islanders. By 1884, Nanaimo , New Westminster , Yale , and Victoria had the largest Chinese populations in the province. Other settlements such as Quesnelle Forks were majority Chinese and many early immigrants from

400-491: A first language, as many multi-generational individuals do not speak Asian languages as a mother tongue , but instead may speak one or multiple as a second or third language . As of 2016, 6,044,885 or 17.5 percent of Canadians speak an Asian language. Of this, the top five Asian tongues spoken include Mandarin (13.5%), Cantonese (11.6%), Punjabi (11.1%), Arabic (10.4%) and Tagalog (10.1%). As of 2016, 4,217,365 or 12.2 percent of Canadians speak an Asian language as

480-655: A growing population. On sunny days, locals and visitors crowd the waterfront boardwalks to enjoy the scenery, people and food. Steveston is also known as "The Gateway to the Orca," being a base for the whale watching industry. Shuttled by boat into the Gulf of Georgia , passengers observe orca (killer whales), seals, eagles and more. On Canada Day , the community hosts the Steveston Salmon Festival, which has been held annually since 1946. This event includes

560-697: A large part of Steveston's original population. Tomekichi Homma , who settled in Steveston in 1883, was one of the important early members of the Japanese community in the village. Homma Elementary School in Steveston was named in his honour. Around 1897, the Fraser River Japanese Fishermen’s Association Hospital in Steveston was established since the local hospital refused to admit and treat Japanese immigrant patients. The Japanese Canadian internment during World War II

640-618: A lot to Steveston's Japanese Canadian fishermen for the purposes of building a joint community centre (which eventually became the Steveston Community Centre); the terms of the agreement also stated that the Japanese Fishermen Benevolent Association be allowed to have a judo room at the centre. In 1969, community discussion led to the development of a Japanese-style martial arts building for Steveston. The martial arts centre, now

720-515: A mother tongue. Of this, the top five Asian tongues spoken include Mandarin (14.0%), Cantonese (13.4%), Punjabi (11.9%), Tagalog (10.2%) and Arabic (10.0%). The Canadian population who reported full or partial Asian ethnic origin, according to the 1951 Canadian census , 1961 Canadian census , 2001 Canadian census , 2006 Canadian census , 2011 Canadian census , and 2016 Canadian census . Source: Canada 2016 Census National average: 17.7% Visible minority In Canada ,

800-697: A notable moment of Asian Canadian history occurred when Punjabi Sikh settlers first arrived in Golden, British Columbia to work at the Columbia River Lumber Company. In 1901, Canada had between 300 and 400 Muslim residents, equally divided between Turks and Syrian Arabs . Furthermore, the turn of the 20th century featured a small wave of Syrian−Lebanese settlement into the southern prairies including Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba. Contemporarily in Lebanon, many families were from what

880-427: A parade, and a huge barbecued salmon sale beside the Steveston Community Centre. Municipal, provincial and federal politicians often attend, usually as part of the parade and/or to hand out Canadian flags. Seafair is a neighbourhood and planning area in the city of Richmond , British Columbia . It is often loosely grouped in with Steveston due to loose definition of the neighbourhood's borders. Its commercial centre

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960-729: A spike of immigration to Canada from the West Asian country. In the aftermath, many Iranian-Canadians began to categorize themselves as "Persian" rather than "Iranian", mainly to dissociate themselves from the Islamic regime of Iran and the negativity associated with it, and also to distinguish themselves as being of Persian ethnicity . During and after the Vietnam War , a large wave of Vietnamese refugees began arriving in Canada. Large-scale Vietnamese immigration to Canada began during

1040-581: A time when Canadian unemployment was high and income growth was low relative to the United States. One pair of researchers demonstrated that numbers of migrants were correlated with the exchange rate; the weakness of the Canadian dollar relative to the United States dollar meant that South Korean migrants bringing savings to Canada for investment would be relatively richer than those going to

1120-570: A way to single out newer immigrant minorities from both Aboriginal Canadians and other "older" minorities distinguishable by language ( French vs. English ) and religion ( Catholics vs. Protestants ), which are "invisible" traits. The term visible minority is sometimes used as a euphemism for " non-white ". This is incorrect, in that the government definitions differ: Aboriginal people are not considered to be visible minorities, but are not necessarily white either. In some cases, members of "visible minorities" may be visually indistinguishable from

1200-506: Is seen as creating a racialized group, some advocate for " global majority " as a more appropriate alternative. Furthermore it is not clear why minority definition should center on the "visual", and the concept of "audible minority" (e.g. those who speak with what appears to the majority to be "accented" English or French) has also been proposed, as speech often forms the basis for prejudice, along with appearance. Steveston, British Columbia The settlement of Steveston , founded in

1280-690: The Armenian Canadian Relief Fund to Georgetown, Ontario . Dubbed "The Noble Experiment", it was Canada's first humanitarian act on an international scale. The Georgetown Farmhouse (now the Cedarvale Community Centre ) was designated historic and protected municipal site in 2010. Overall, between 1900 and 1930 some 3,100 Armenians entered Canada, with 75% settling in Ontario and 20% in Quebec. Some later moved to

1360-514: The Asian race . The first record of Asians in what is known as Canada today can be dated back to the late 18th century. In 1788, renegade British Captain John Meares hired a group of Chinese carpenters from Macau and employed them to build a ship at Nootka Sound , Vancouver Island , British Columbia . After the outpost was seized by Spanish forces, the eventual whereabouts of the carpenters

1440-535: The Greater Toronto Area 's population, and are projected to make up 24 percent of the region's population by 2031. In the contemporary era, Asians form a significant minority within the national population, with over 7 million Canadians being of Asian geographical descent as of 2021. Asian Canadian students, in particular those of East Asian or South Asian background, make up the vast majority of students at several Canadian universities. While

1520-673: The Hudson's Bay Company . The company ships used this promontory as a navigational aid to safely enter the Fraser River . From the 1960s to the early 1990s, it was a federally-owned dump site for sand dredged from the river. Levelling the dunes created Steveston's largest park, opened in 1989. The site of the Steveston Fisherman's Memorial , the park was the major host location for the Vancouver-area festivities of

1600-538: The New World . Similar to late 19th century through early 20th century Lebanese immigration and settler patterns, while the vast majority of Syrians migrated to South America , a small percentage made their way to the United States , and an even smaller percentage settled in Canada . Once again, in a similar demographic to early Lebanese settlers to Canada, the overwhelming majority of Syrians who settled in Canada from

1680-601: The Northwest Territories , the best known being Peter Baker , author of the book An Arctic Arab , and later elected as a member of the legislative assembly of the Northwest Territories. The early Punjabi Sikh settlers in Golden built the first Gurdwara (Sikh Temple) in Canada and North America in 1905, which would later be destroyed by fire in 1926. The second Gurdwara to be built in Canada

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1760-848: The Ottoman Empire and Allied Powers of WWI , further migration was made difficult for the Turks and the Canadian government discouraged " Asian " immigration. With the Canadian Immigration Act of 1910, Turkish immigration to Canada was banned. With the onset of the first world war, Turkish Canadians were placed in "enemy alien" internment camps. Five days after the first world war began, on November 10, 1914, 98 Turks were deported and settled in Kingston and then in Kapuskasing . Their number increased over time. They were not

1840-479: The "visible minorities" label no longer makes sense in some large Canadian cities, due to immigration trends in recent decades. For example, "visible minorities" comprise the majority of the population in many municipalities across the country, primarily in British Columbia, Ontario, and Alberta. Yet another criticism of the label concerns the composition of "visible minorities". Critics have noted that

1920-603: The 1880s, is a neighbourhood of Richmond in Metro Vancouver . On the southwest tip of Lulu Island , the village is a historic port and salmon canning centre at the mouth of the South Arm of the Fraser River . The early 1900s style architecture attracts both the film and tourism industries. For thousands of years the area that is today known as Steveston was home to the Halq’eméylem speaking peoples. Specifically,

2000-621: The 1880s–1960s were of the Christian faith. The so-called shepherd of the lost flock, Saint Raphael Hawaweeny of Brooklyn, New York , came to Montreal in 1896 to help establish a Christian association called the Syrian Benevolent Society and then later on an Orthodox church in Montreal for the newly arrived Syrian faithful. West Asian settlement into Canada was also bolstered by early Armenian immigration during

2080-512: The 2002 Tall Ships Challenge . Approximately 400,000 people came to see a fleet of restored sailing ships docked along the river. The financial loss incurred by the event prompted strong criticism from Richmond City Council. A maritime festival continues to be held annually. In 1990, the Steveston Harbour Authority was established. In 1998, the 44-acre BC Packers cannery site was rezoned residential in exchange for keeping

2160-1142: The 2021 census, of the provinces, British Columbia had the highest proportion of visible minorities, representing 34.4% of its population, followed by Ontario at 34.3%, Alberta at 27.8% and Manitoba at 22.2%. Additionally, as of 2021, the largest visible minority group was South Asian Canadians with a population of approximately 2.6 million, representing roughly 7.1% of the country's population, followed by Chinese Canadians (4.7%) and Black Canadians (4.3%). National average: 26.5% Source: Canada 2021 Census Alberta British Columbia Manitoba Ontario Quebec National average: 22.3% Source: Canada 2016 Census Alberta British Columbia Manitoba Ontario Quebec National average: 19.1% Source: Canada 2011 Census Alberta British Columbia Manitoba Ontario Quebec National average: 16.2% Source: Canada 2006 Census Alberta British Columbia Manitoba Ontario Quebec National average: 13.4% Source: Canada 2001 Census Alberta British Columbia Manitoba Ontario Quebec According to

2240-561: The Asian Canadian population is diverse, many have ancestry from a few select countries in the continent. As of the 2016 Canadian census , nearly four million or 66% of Asian Canadians can trace their roots to just three countries; China, India and the Philippines. Pie chart breakdown of the spoken Asian language families of Canadians from the 2016 census . Many Asian Canadians speak Canadian English or Canadian French as

2320-593: The Black or South Asian counts respectively. However, the 2006 Census states that respondents that add a European ethnic response in combination with certain visible minority groups are not counted as visible minorities. They must add another non-European ethnic response to be counted as such: In contrast, in accordance with employment equity definitions, persons who reported 'Latin American' and 'White,' 'Arab' and 'White,' or 'West Asian' and 'White' have been excluded from

2400-461: The British Columbia government passed a law preventing South Asian Canadians from voting. Because eligibility for federal elections originated from provincial voting lists, Indians were also unable to vote in federal elections. Later, the Canadian government enacted a $ 200 head tax and passed the continuous journey regulation which indirectly halted Indian immigration to Canada, thus restricting all immigration from South Asia . A direct result of

2480-602: The East Asian country settled on Vancouver Island, most notably in Cumberland . In addition to work on the railway, most Chinese in the late 19th century British Columbia lived among other Chinese and worked in market gardens, coal mines, sawmills, and salmon canneries. In 1885, soon after the construction on the railway was completed, the federal government passed the Chinese Immigration Act , whereby

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2560-769: The East Asian island nation most notably worked in canneries such as Steveston along the pacific coast. Similarly in the late 19th century, many Indians hailing from Punjab Province settled in British Columbia and worked in the forestry industry . Most early immigrants hailing from South Asia first settled around sawmill towns along the Fraser River in southwestern British Columbia such as Kitsilano , Fraser Mills , and Queensborough . Later, many Indian immigrants also settled on Vancouver Island, working on local sawmills in Victoria , Coombs , Duncan , Ocean Falls , and Paldi . Early West Asian Canadian history featured Lebanese and Syrians first immigrating in Canada during

2640-502: The Elimination of Racial Discrimination has stated that they have doubts regarding the use of this term since this term may be considered objectionable by certain minorities and recommended an evaluation of this term. In response, the Canadian government made efforts to evaluate how this term is used in Canadian society through commissioning of scholars and open workshops. Since 2008, census data and media reports have suggested that

2720-716: The Employment Equity Act of 1995, the definition of visible minority is: "persons, other than aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour". This definition can be traced back to the 1984 Report of the Abella Commission on Equality in Employment . The Commission described the term visible minority as an "ambiguous categorization", but for practical purposes interpreted it to mean "visibly non-white". The Canadian government uses an operational definition by which it identifies

2800-593: The Maritime provinces). This was followed by another large wave of Vietnamese immigration to Canada during the late 1980s and 1990s as both refugees and immigrant classes of post-war Vietnam entered Canada. These groups settled in urban areas, in particular Toronto, Vancouver, Montreal, and Calgary. In Metro Vancouver, they have settled mainly in East Vancouver , Richmond , and Surrey . In the Montreal area, they settle in Montreal's downtown, South Shore , and

2880-616: The Ottoman Empire began settling in Canada. Additionally, Canada's earliest documented Filipinos coincided with North America's first wave of Asian immigration in the 1800s. At least nine male Filipino sailors, aged twenty-four to forty-two, appeared on the 1881 Census of British Columbia. Living on a vessel in New Westminster, they were recorded ethno-racially as " Malay " [a loose term to describe Austronesian people] and listed as " Mahomitan " [an archaic term for Muslim]. In

2960-512: The US. Most of them returned, but some stayed in Canada. From 1946 to 1964, the total number of Filipinos in Canada was 770. In the 1960s, Canada recruited more professionals, mostly from the United States, with some coming directly from the Philippines. Most of the nurses, technicians, office workers and doctors arrived in Winnipeg, Manitoba. In the late 1960s, more Filipinos came to Winnipeg to work in

3040-615: The United States . Other factors suggested as drivers behind the growth of South Korean immigration to Canada included domestic anti-Americanism and the large presence of Canadian English teachers in local hagwon . When Hong Kong reverted to mainland Chinese rule, people emigrated and found new homes in Canada. In 2016, the Canadian government issued a full apology in Parliament for the Komagata Maru Incident . According to Statistics Canada , in 2016, 48.1% of

3120-731: The United States; 1,577 Armenians entered the U.S. from Canada between 1899 and 1917. In 1923, the federal government passed the Chinese Immigration Act of 1923 , which banned all Chinese immigration, and led to immigration restrictions for all East Asians . In 1947, the act was repealed. The second world war prompted the federal government used the War Measures Act to brand Japanese Canadians enemy aliens and categorized them as security threats in 1942. Tens of thousands of Japanese Canadians were placed in internment camps in British Columbia; prison of war camps in Ontario; and families were also sent as forced labourers to farms throughout

3200-422: The area is said to be home to at least two Musqueam villages. One known as qʷeyaʔχʷ was located East of what is today known as Garry Point Park . This community was forced out of their homes due to pressure from the canneries who would replace their homes with fishing camps. The second village, qʷɬeyəm, is believed to have been located North of Moncton Street near Railway Avenue. Today, Musqueam's presence in

3280-644: The cities, such as East Pender Street in Vancouver, which had been the focus of the early city's red-light district until Chinese merchants took over the area from the 1890s onwards. Immigration restrictions stemming from anti-Asian sentiment in Canada continued during the early 20th century. Parliament voted to increase the Chinese head tax to $ 500 in 1902; this temporarily caused Chinese immigration to Canada to stop. However, in following years, Chinese immigration to Canada recommenced as many saved up money to pay

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3360-629: The continuous journey regulation was the Komagata Maru incident in Vancouver. In May 1914, hundreds of South Asians hailing from Punjab were denied entry into the country, eventually forced to depart for India. By 1916, despite a declining population due to immigration restrictions, many Indian settlers established the Paldi mill colony on Vancouver Island . During the pre- World War I period, Turks were to be found in mining and logging camps across Canada. However, due to bad relations between

3440-559: The country. Throughout the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s most who arrived were young men pursuing graduate or professional studies. Unlike Korean Americans who have relatively much longer history settling in the United States, very few settled in Canada; as late as 1965, the total permanent Korean population of Canada was estimated at only 70. However, with the 1966 reform of Canadian immigration laws, South Korean immigration to Canada began to grow. By 1969, there were an estimated 2000 Koreans in Canada. The Iranian revolution of 1979 resulted in

3520-540: The early 1860s onward, becoming a Steveston-Vancouver Island run in the 1920s. Salmon canning began on the river in 1871 with the first major cannery being the Phoenix, established in 1882 by Marshall English and Samuel Martin. By the 1890s there were 45 canneries, about half of which were at Steveston, giving rise to the alternate name of Salmonopolis . Each summer large numbers of Japanese, Chinese, First Nations, and European fishermen and cannery workers descended upon

3600-594: The ensuing decades, several Filipino settlers resided along the B.C. coast, particularly on Bowen Island , in the 1880s. Early Filipino settlers along the B.C. coast engaged in both fishing and farming. It included Fernando Toreenya, a fisherman who came to Canada from the Philippines in 1886 at the age of 20 years old with his First Nations partner Mary/Marie Adams. They lived in Snug Cove and had three other Filipino boarders living with them, William Matilda, Antoni Bentorre and Ricardo Castro. Others included Ben Flores , who were "beachcombers and fishermen" and were settled on

3680-470: The following decade, over 100 individuals purchased land in this original section comprising a grid pattern of 237 small lots. Becoming Steveston in 1889, this area south of today's Steveston Highway and west of No. 1 Rd. was the first subdivision in Richmond. In 1887, London's Landing, at the foot of No. 2 Rd., was also laid out on a grid. New Westminster - Vancouver Island ferries called at Steveston from

3760-409: The following groups as visible minorities: "Chinese, South Asian, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Southeast Asian, Arab, West Asian, Korean, Japanese, Visible minority, n.i.e. ( n.i.e. means "not included elsewhere"), and Multiple visible minority". If census respondents write-in multiple entries, like "Black and Malaysian", "Black and French" or "South Asian and European", they would be included in

3840-535: The founding members of the Pakistani-Canadian community. Pakistani nationals were registered in undergraduate and graduate programs at McGill University in Montreal as early as 1949, and at the University of Toronto from 1958 on. By the mid-1950s, there were five or six Pakistani families living in Montreal in addition to the students. This was probably the then largest concentration of Pakistanis in

3920-610: The garment industry. Pakistanis began migrating to Canada in small numbers in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Immigration regulations gave preference to those with advanced education and professional skills, and the Pakistanis who came during this period, and throughout the 1960s, generally had excellent credentials. Many of them considered themselves to be sojourners, who had come to earn but not to settle or were students who intended to return home when their degree programs were completed. While some went back, others remained to become

4000-584: The government began to charge a substantial head tax for each Chinese person trying to immigrate to Canada. A decade later, the fear of the " Yellow Peril " prompted the government of Mackenzie Bowell to pass an act forbidding any East Asian Canadian from voting or holding office. Many Chinese workers settled in Canada after the railway was constructed, however most could not bring the rest of their families, including immediate relatives, due to government restrictions and enormous processing fees. They established Chinatowns and societies in undesirable sections of

4080-406: The groups comprising "visible minorities" have little in common with each other, as they include both disadvantaged groups and groups who are not economically disadvantaged . The concept of visible minority has been cited in demography research as an example of a statistext , meaning a census category that has been contrived for a particular public policy purpose. As the term "visible minorities"

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4160-949: The harsh regime that had taken over the former South Vietnam. Many of them (10%) were of Chinese descent and were escaping ethnic persecution resulting from the Sino-Vietnamese War . These south Vietnamese refugees were known globally as the "boat people". In the years 1979–80, Canada accepted 60,000 Vietnamese refugees. Many new Vietnamese arrivees were sponsored by groups of individuals, temples, and churches and settled in areas around Southern Ontario , Vancouver, British Columbia , and Montreal, Quebec. Between 1975 and 1985, 110,000 resettled in Canada (23,000 in Ontario; 13,000 in Quebec; 8,000 in Alberta; 7,000 British Columbia; 5,000 in Manitoba; 3,000 in Saskatchewan; and 2,000 in

4240-710: The head tax. Due to the decrease in Chinese immigration, Steamship lines began recruiting Indians to make up for the loss of business; the Fraser River Canners' Association and the Kootchang Fruit Growers' Association asked the Canadian government to abolish immigration restrictions. Letters from persons settling in Canada gave persons still in India encouragement to move to Canada, and there was an advertising campaign to promote British Columbia as an immigration destination. Around that time, in 1902,

4320-498: The history of what is today known as Steveston is heavily underrepresented. As Musqueam Councillor Howard Grant explains, there is "almost nothing (in the area) with respect to Musqueam people... or First Nations in general." Richmond is currently working to change this as, "recently, city council voted to rebuild the historic First Nations Bunkhouse in Britannia Heritage Shipyards--believed to be

4400-530: The immigrant population in Canada was born in Asia. Furthermore, Asian countries accounted for seven of the top ten countries of birth for recent immigrants, including the Philippines , India, China , Iran , Pakistan , Syria and South Korea . In recent decades, a large number of people have come to Canada from India and other South Asian countries. As of 2016, South Asians make up nearly 17 percent of

4480-469: The infamous anti-Asian pogrom in Vancouver in 1907. Spurred by similar riots in Bellingham targeting Punjabi Sikh South Asian settlers, The Asiatic Exclusion League organized attacks against homes and businesses owned by East Asian immigrants under the slogan "White Canada Forever!"; though no one was killed, much property damage was done and numerous East Asian Canadians were beaten up. In 1908,

4560-877: The largest self-reported Asian origin groups in Canada are Chinese Canadians , Indo-Canadians , Filipino Canadians , Pakistani Canadians , Vietnamese Canadians , and Lebanese Canadians . In the Canadian census, people with origins or ancestry in East Asia (e.g. Chinese Canadians , Korean Canadians , Japanese Canadians , Tibetan Canadians ), South Asia (e.g. Bangladeshi Canadians , Indian Canadians , Pakistani Canadians , Sri Lankan Canadians ), Southeast Asia (e.g. Laotian Canadians , Cambodian Canadians , Filipino Canadians , Vietnamese Canadians ), West Asia (e.g. Iranian Canadians , Kurdish Canadians , Israeli Canadians , Lebanese Canadians , Turkish Canadians ), or Central Asia (e.g. Afghan Canadians , Uzbek Canadians , Kazakh Canadians ) are all classified as part of

4640-483: The late 1990s, South Korea became the fifth-largest source of immigrants to Canada. Toronto has the country's largest absolute number of Koreans, but Vancouver is experiencing the highest rate of growth in its Korean population, with a 69% increase since 1996. Montreal was the third most popular destination for Korean migrants during this period. The 1990s growth in South Korean migration to Canada occurred at

4720-460: The late 19th century. The first Armenians migrated to Canada in the 1880s. The first recorded Armenian to settle in Canada was a man named Garabed Nergarian, who came to Port Hope, Ontario in 1887. Some 37 Armenians settled in Canada in 1892 and 100 in 1895. Most early Armenian migrants to Canada were men who were seeking employment. After the Hamidian massacres of mid-1890s Armenian families from

4800-709: The late 19th century; as both countries were under Ottoman dominion at the time they were originally known as Turks or Syrian−Lebanese on census reports . Settling in the Montreal area of southern Quebec, they became the first West Asian group to immigrate to Canada. The first Lebanese immigrant to Canada was Abraham Bounadere (Ibrahim Abu Nadir) from Zahlé in Lebanon who settled in Montreal in 1882. Because of situations within Lebanon and restrictive Canadian laws these immigrants were 90% Christian . These immigrants were mostly economic migrants seeking greater prosperity in

4880-492: The majority population and/or may form a majority-minority population locally (as is the case in Vancouver and Toronto ). Since the reform of Canada's immigration laws in the 1960s , immigration has been primarily of peoples from areas other than Europe, many of whom are visible minorities within Canada. 9,639,200 Canadians identified as a member of a visible minority group in the 2021 Canadian Census , for 26.53% of

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4960-602: The mid-1970s and early 1980s as refugees or boat people following the end of the Vietnam War in 1975, though a couple thousand were already living in Quebec before then, most of whom were students. After the fall of Saigon, there were two waves of Vietnamese immigrants to Canada. The first wave consisted mostly of middle-class immigrants. Many of these immigrants were able to speak French and or English and were welcomed into Canada for their professional skills. The second wave consisted of Southern Vietnamese refugees who were escaping

5040-478: The non-native population of the Fraser goldfields was Chinese. Later, the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway prompted another wave of immigration from the East Asian country. Mainly hailing from Guangdong Province , the Chinese helped build the Canadian Pacific Railway through the Fraser Canyon . Many Japanese people also arrived in Canada during the mid to late 19th century and became fishermen and merchants in British Columbia . Early immigrants from

5120-693: The only "enemy aliens" subjected to internment. More than 8,500 people were placed in 24 camps during the war. Of them 205 were Turks. Before the Armenian genocide of 1915 some 1,800 Armenians already lived in Canada. They were overwhelmingly from the Armenian provinces of the Ottoman Empire and usually lived in industrial urban areas. The influx of Armenians to Canada was limited in the post-World War I era because Armenians were classified as Asians. Nevertheless, some 1,500 genocide survivors—mostly women and children—came to Canada as refugees. In 1923–24 some 100 Armenians orphans aged 8–12, later known as The Georgetown Boys , were brought to Canada from Corfu , Greece by

5200-445: The only structure of its kind remaining along B.C.'s coast." The village is named for Manoah Steves , who arrived with his family around 1877–1878 from Moncton , New Brunswick , via Chatham, Ontario . Born Manoah Steeves, a second cousin of William Steeves , he dropped the second 'e' en route. The family was the first white settlers in the area. The townsite began in 1880 as a crown grant to William Herbert Steves, his son. During

5280-414: The prairies. By 1943, all properties owned by Japanese Canadians in British Columbia were seized and sold without consent. In 1950, 10 Filipinos were recorded in Manitoba. The first-generation Filipino-Canadians were mainly women who worked as nurses and teachers and in the health sector. These first Filipinos came from the United States to renew their visas after they had expired in the hope of returning to

5360-411: The suburb of Laval . In Toronto , they have settled in the city's Chinatown area near Spadina Avenue and Dundas Street West and in the inner suburbs of North York , York , Scarborough , and Etobicoke . The Canadian Parliament created the Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada in 1985 to better address issues surrounding Asia–Canada relations , including trade, citizenship and immigration. In

5440-451: The temple was designated as a national historic site of Canada in 2002 and is the third-oldest Gurdwara in the country. Soon later, the fourth Gurdwara to be built Canada was established at the Fraser Mills ( Coquitlam ) settlement in 1913 followed by the fifth at the Queensborough ( New Westminster ) settlement in 1919, and the sixth at the Paldi ( Vancouver Island ) settlement, also in 1919. Heightened anti-Asian sentiment resulted in

5520-429: The total population. This was an increase from the 2016 Census , when visible minorities accounted for 22.2% of the total population; from the 2011 Census , when visible minorities accounted for 19.1% of the total population; from the 2006 Census , when the proportion was 16.2%; from 2001 , when the proportion was 13.4%; over 1996 (11.2%); over 1991 (9.4%) and 1981 (4.7%). In 1961, the visible minority population

5600-623: The village, joining a growing year-round settlement. At the port, sailing ships loaded canned salmon for export. The fishery also supported a significant boatbuilding industry. Steveston Fire Department existed 1912–1917. Otherwise, the closest firehall was Marpole , half an hour to an hour away, depending upon road conditions. A 1908 fire in the eastern section caused over $ 35,000 in damages. The 1918 inferno, totalling over $ 0.5m in damages, destroyed three canneries (the Star, Steveston, and Lighthouse), three hotels (Star, Richmond, and London), and most of Brick Block. The Marpole firetruck broke down on

5680-419: The visible minority population. The term "non-white" is used in the wording of the Employment Equity Act and in employment equity questionnaires distributed to applicants and employees. This is intended as a shorthand phrase for those who are in the Aboriginal and/or visible minority groups. The classification "visible minorities" has attracted controversy, both nationally and from abroad. The UN Committee on

5760-425: The visible minority population. Likewise, persons who reported 'Latin American,' 'Arab' or 'West Asian' and who provided a European write-in response such as 'French' have been excluded from the visible minority population as well. These persons are included in the 'Not a visible minority' category. However, persons who reported 'Latin American,' 'Arab' or 'West Asian' and a non-European write-in response are included in

5840-492: The waterfront portion publicly accessible. Years of controversy followed regarding the zoning of the foreshore buildings. Steveston is a popular location for filming both movies and television shows, which has included the following: Even with extensive redevelopment, Steveston maintains the character of a quaint, historic fishing village, with over 600 fishing boats––Canada's largest fleet calling Steveston Harbour home. It boasts over 350 businesses and services to accommodate

5920-511: The way. This devastating fire started in a dining/recreational area of the Star Cannery. In 1897, this same cannery suffered the first significant fire in Steveston, requiring extensive rebuilding. Steveston's aspirations to rival Vancouver as a port ended during World War I . Salmon runs peaking in 1913 was one of many factors. Canning activity slowly declined and finally ceased in the 1990s. The Gulf of Georgia Cannery , built in 1894

6000-515: Was a serious blow to the community, although some of the internees returned when they were allowed and a sizable Japanese Canadian community still exists. For example, a Japanese judo and martial arts centre was developed in Steveston after the internment. During World War II, the Department of Transport facility monitored German and Japanese (Kana code) submarine traffic. The facility closed in 1945. In 1954, BC Packers manager Ken Fraser donated

6080-481: Was at one time the largest plant in British Columbia. The cannery (1994) and Britannia Shipyard (1991) received National Historic Site designations. The BCER Vancouver-Marpole-Steveston interurban tram operated 1905–1958. A new building houses the static tram car 1220. Once a pioneer bank building, the Steveston Museum & Visitor Centre also operates a post office. Japanese Canadians formed

6160-704: Was in 1908 in Kitsilano (Vancouver), aimed at serving a growing number of Punjabi Sikh settlers who worked at nearby sawmills along False Creek at the time. The Gurdwara would later close and be demolished in 1970, with the temple society relocating to the newly built Gurdwara on Ross Street, in South Vancouver. As a result, the oldest existing Gurdwara in Canada today is the Gur Sikh Temple , located in Abbotsford, British Columbia . Built in 1911,

6240-706: Was largely unknown. By late 1700s, Filipinos, then-known as "Manila men" were recruited in naval operations, aboard the ship San Carlos el Filipino sent to support the short-lived Spanish settlement of Santa Cruz de Nuca and Fort San Miguel , Nootka Island , off the coast of Vancouver. During the mid 19th century, many Chinese arrived to take part in the British Columbia gold rushes . Beginning in 1858, early settlers formed Victoria's Chinatown and other Chinese communities in New Westminster , Yale , and Lillooet . Estimates indicate that about 1/3 of

6320-557: Was less than 1%. The increase represents a significant shift in Canada's demographics related to record high immigration since the advent of its multiculturalism policies. Statistics Canada projects that by 2041, visible minorities will make up 38.2–43.0% of the total Canadian population, compared with 26.5% in 2021. Statistics Canada further projects that among the working-age population (15 to 64 years), meanwhile, visible minorities are projected to make up 42.1–47.3% of Canada's total population, compared to 28.5% in 2021. As per

6400-588: Was western Syria at the time in particular settled in southern Saskatchewan. A majority of the Syrian−Lebanese families settling in the prairies were of the Christian faith, with a minority adhering to Islam, mirroring earlier settler demographics in Nova Scotia, Quebec and Ontario. Prominent settlement occurred in communities such as Swift Current , Saskatchewan , and Lac La Biche , Alberta . Few reached

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