40-587: Baduria is a city and a municipality in Basirhat subdivision of North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal . Baduria is located at 22°44′N 88°47′E / 22.74°N 88.79°E / 22.74; 88.79 . It has an average elevation of 8 metres (26 feet). The area shown in the map is a part of the Ichhamati-Raimangal Plain, located in
80-1077: A literacy rate of 80.57%, Barasat Sadar subdivision 84.90%, Barrackpur subdivision 89.09%, Bidhannagar subdivision 89.16% and Basirhat subdivision 75.67%. Given in the table below (data in numbers) is a comprehensive picture of the education scenario in North 24 Parganas district for the year 2012-13: Note: Primary schools include junior basic schools; middle schools, high schools and higher secondary schools include madrasahs; technical schools include junior technical schools, junior government polytechnics, industrial technical institutes, industrial training centres, nursing training institutes etc.; technical and professional colleges include engineering colleges, medical colleges, para-medical institutes, management colleges, teachers training and nursing training colleges, law colleges, art colleges, music colleges etc. Special and non-formal education centres include sishu siksha kendras, madhyamik siksha kendras, centres of Rabindra mukta vidyalaya, recognised Sanskrit tols, institutions for
120-416: A population of 305,000. It has jurisdiction over Baduria municipal area and Baduria CD Block. It has two outposts: Baduria town outpost and Puro outpost. There is a totally unfenced international border stretching across 2.5 km. According to the 2011 Census of India , Baduria had a total population of 52,493, of which 26,799 (51%) were males and 25,694 (49%) were females. Population in the age range 0-6 years
160-463: A small portion of the border has been fenced and it is popularly referred to as a porous border. There are reports of Bangladeshi infiltrators . The CD Block pages carry Decadal Population Growth information. An estimate made in 2000 places the total number of illegal Bangladeshi immigrants in India at 15 million, with around 0.3 million entering every year. The thumb rule for such illegal immigrants
200-469: Is a maze of many river branches, the area is difficult to pass. Most islands are only connected with the mainland by simple wooden ferryboats. Bridges are rare. Some islands are not yet connected to the electric grid, so island residents tend to use solar cells for a bit of electric supply. Arsenic is a naturally occurring substance in the Ganga Delta that has detrimental effects on health and may enter
240-593: Is also an important activity in the delta region, with fish being a major source of food for many of the people in the area. In the last decades of the 20th century, scientists helped the poor people of the delta to improve fish farming methods. By turning unused ponds into viable fish farms and improving methods of raising fish in existing ponds, many people can now earn a living raising and selling fish. Using new systems, fish production in existing ponds has increased 800%. Shrimp are farmed in containers or cages that are submerged in open water. Most are exported. As there
280-457: Is an oceanic dolphin which enters the delta from the Bay of Bengal. The Ganges river dolphin is a true river dolphin , but is extremely rare and considered endangered . Trees found in the delta include sundari , garjan ( Rhizophora spp.), bamboo , mangrove palm ( Nypa fruticans ), and mangrove date palm ( Phoenix paludosa ). The Ganges Delta lies at the junction of three tectonic plates:
320-483: Is an overwhelmingly rural area. Only 12.96% of the population lives in the urban areas and 87.04% of the population lives in the rural areas. Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map. The headquarters of Baduria CD Block at Iswarigachha are located just outside the municipal limits of Buduria town. Baduria police station covers an area of 218 km and serves
360-642: Is estimated that 30,000 chital ( Axis axis ) are in the Sundarbans part of the delta. Birds found in the delta include kingfishers , eagles , woodpeckers , the shalik ( Acridotheres tristis ), the swamp francolin ( Francolinus gularis ), and the doel ( Copsychus saularis ). Two species of dolphin can be found in the delta: the Irrawaddy dolphin ( Orcaella brevirostris ) and the Ganges river dolphin ( Platanista gangetica gangetica ). The Irrawaddy dolphin
400-535: Is good for agriculture. It is composed of a labyrinth of channels , swamps , lakes, and flood plain sediments (chars). The Gorai-Madhumati River , one of the distributaries of the Ganges, divides the Ganges Delta into two parts: the geologically young, active, eastern delta, and the older, less active, western delta. Around 280 million (180 million Bangladesh and 100 million West Bengal, India) people live on
440-659: Is that for each illegal person caught four get through. While many immigrants have settled in the border areas, some have moved on, even to far way places such as Mumbai and Delhi. The border is guarded by the Border Security Force . During the UPA government, Sriprakash Jaiswal , Union Minister of State for Home Affairs, had made a statement in Parliament on 14 July 2004, that there were 12 million illegal Bangladeshi infiltrators living in India, and West Bengal topped
SECTION 10
#1732780168108480-416: The 14,600 square kilometres (5,600 sq mi) protected. Where the delta meets the Bay of Bengal, Sundarbans mangroves form the world's largest mangrove ecoregion, covering an area of 20,400 square kilometres (7,900 sq mi) in a chain of 54 islands. They derive their name from the predominant mangrove species, Heritiera fomes , which are known locally as sundri or sundari . Animals in
520-496: The East India Company , and related these practices to major ecological changes wrought about by forest and land management practices. Debjani Bhattacharyya has shown how Calcutta was constructed as an urban centre through tracing ecological changes wrought upon by colonial powers involving land, water and humans throughout the mid-18th to the early 20th centuries. In terms of recent scholarship that focuses more on
560-469: The Ganges River Basin, making it the most populous river basin in the world. Most of the Ganges Delta has a population density greater than 200/km (520 people per square mile), making it one of the most densely populated regions in the world. Three terrestrial ecoregions cover the delta. The Lower Gangetic plains moist deciduous forests ecoregion covers most of the delta region, although
600-797: The Ganges River . It is also one of the most fertile regions in the world, thus earning the nickname the Green Delta . The delta stretches from the Hooghly River in the west as far as the Meghna River in the east. The Ganges Delta has the shape of a triangle and is considered to be an "arcuate" (arc-shaped) delta. It covers more than 105,000 km (41,000 sq mi) and lies mostly in Bangladesh and India, with rivers from Bhutan , Tibet , and Nepal draining into it from
640-784: The Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta , the Sundarbans Delta or the Bengal Delta ) is a river delta predominantly covering the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent , consisting of Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal . It is the world's largest river delta and it empties into the Bay of Bengal with the combined waters of several river systems , mainly those of the Brahmaputra River and
680-759: The Indian Plate , the Eurasian Plate , and the Burma Plate . The edge of the Eocene paleoshelf runs approximately from Kolkata to the edge of the Shillong Plateau . The edge of the paleoshelf marks the transition from the thick continental crust in the northwest to the thin continental or oceanic crust in the southeast. The enormous sediment supply from the Himalayan collision has extended
720-400: The food chain , especially in key crops such as rice. The Ganges Delta lies mostly in the tropical wet climate zone, and receives between 1,500 to 2,000 mm (59 to 79 in) of rainfall each year in the western part, and 2,000 to 3,000 mm (79 to 118 in) in the eastern part. . Hot, dry summers and cool, dry winters make the climate suitable for agriculture. In November 1970,
760-477: The zamindari or land-holders rights of the 24 Parganas Zamindari from Mir Jafar , the new Nawab of Bengal . Full proprietary status was handed over to Robert Clive in 1759 by a sanad or deed granting him the 24 Parganas as a jagir . After Clive's death in 1774, full proprietary rights of the 24 Parganas zamindari reverted to the East India Company. In 1814, the district consisted of two parts –
800-584: The Bengal/Ganges delta is that most of the scholarship is limited to the 18th to the 21st centuries, with a general dearth of ecological history of the region prior to the 18th century. One of the greatest challenges people living on the Ganges Delta may face in coming years is the threat of rising sea levels caused by climate change . An increase in sea level of 0.5 metres (1 ft 8 in) could result in six million people losing their homes in Bangladesh. Important gas reserves have been discovered in
840-649: The District Human Development Report: North 24 Parganas, "High density is also explained partly by the rapid growth of urbanization in the district. In 1991, the percentage of urban population in the district has been 51.23." As per the Refugee Relief and Rehabilitation Department of the Government of West Bengal, the census figures show the number of refugees from East Pakistan in 1971 was nearly 6 million and in 1981,
SECTION 20
#1732780168108880-607: The aegis of Indian Council of Social Science Research and funded by the Ministry of Minority Affairs. For information on the survey see North 24 Parganas: minority concentrated district . North 24 Parganas district is densely populated, mainly because of the influx of refugees from East Pakistan (later Bangladesh). With a density of population of 2,182 per km in 1971, it was 3rd in terms of density per km in West Bengal after Kolkata and Howrah, and 20th in India. According to
920-2360: The blind and other handicapped persons, Anganwadi centres, reformatory schools etc. The following institutions are located in Basirhat subdivision: The table below (all data in numbers) presents an overview of the medical facilities available and patients treated in the hospitals, health centres and sub-centres in 2013 in North 24 Parganas district. .* Excluding nursing homes. ** Subdivision-wise break up for certain items not available. Medical facilities available in Basirhat subdivision are as follows: Hospitals : (Name, location, beds) Basirhat Subdivisional Hospital, Basirhat , 300 beds Hasnabad Matri Sadan, Hasnabad , 6 beds Rural Hospitals : (Name, block, location, beds) Rudrapur (Baduria) Rural Hospital, Rudrapur, 60 beds Minakhan Rural Hospital, Minakhan , 25 beds Sarapole (Sonarpur) Rural Hospital, Sarapole , 30 beds Taki Rural Hospital, Taki , 50 beds Ghoshpur Rural Hospital, Ghoshpur , 30 beds Sandeshkhali Rural Hospital, Sandeshkhali , 26 beds Haroa (Adampur) Rural Hospital, Haroa , 30 beds Sandelerbil Rural Hospital, Sandelerbil , 30 beds Dhanyakuria Rural Hospital, Dhanyakuria , 30 beds Block Primary Health Centres : (Name, block, location, beds) Shibhati BPHC, Shibhati, 15 beds Primary Health Centres : (CD Block-wise)(CD Block, PHC location, beds) Baduria CD Block: Dakshin Chatra PHC (6), Jadurhati PHC (6), Masia PHC (6), Bajitpur PHC, Model Belghoria (10), Haroa CD Block: Gopalpur PHC (10), Kamarghanti PHC, Sonapukur (6) Minakhan CD Block: Nimichi PHC (6), Duturdaha (10) Swarupnagar CD Block: Bankra PHC (10), Charghat PHC (10) Hasnabad CD Block: Bhawanipur PHC, Bhurkundu (10), Ghola PHC, Bhebia (6), Barunhat PHC, Bara Bankra (10) Hingalganj CD Block: Hingalganj PHC (6), Jogeshganj PHC (10) Sandeshkhali I CD Block: Hatgachia PHC, Agarbati (10), Nazat PHC (6) Sandeshkhali II CD Block: Korakanthi PHC (10), Jeliakhali PHC (6) Basirhat I CD Block: Nakuda PHC (10) Basirhat II CD Block: Sikra Kulingram PHC (6), Rajendrapur PHC (10) Lok Sabha (parliamentary) and Vidhan Sabha (state assembly) constituencies in Basirhat subdivision were as follows: Ganges Delta The Ganges Delta (also known
960-490: The deadliest tropical cyclone of the twentieth century hit the Ganges Delta region. The 1970 Bhola cyclone killed 500,000 people (official death toll), with another 100,000 missing. The Guinness Book of World Records estimated the total loss of human life from the Bhola cyclone at 1,000,000. Another cyclone hit the delta in 1991, killing about 139,000 people. It also left many people homeless. People have to be careful on
1000-413: The delta about 400 kilometres (250 mi) seaward since the Eocene . The sediment thickness southeast of the edge of the paleoshelf beneath the Ganges Delta can exceed 16 km (9.9 mi). Approximately two-thirds of the Bangladesh people work in agriculture and grow crops on the fertile floodplains of the delta. The major crops that are grown in the Ganges Delta are jute , tea, and rice. Fishing
1040-512: The delta include the Indian python ( Python molurus ), clouded leopard ( Neofelis nebulosa ), Indian elephant ( Elephas maximus indicus ) and crocodiles , which live in the Sundarbans. Approximately 1,020 endangered Bengal tigers ( Panthera tigris tigris ) are believed to inhabit the Sundarbans. The Ganges–Brahmaputra basin has tropical deciduous forests that yield valuable timber: sal , teak , and peepal trees are found in these areas. It
1080-482: The delta, despite risks from floods caused by monsoons , heavy run-off from the melting snows of the Himalayas , and North Indian Ocean tropical cyclones . A large part of the nation of Bangladesh lies in the Ganges Delta; many of the country's people depend on the delta for survival. It is believed that upwards of 300 million people are supported by the Ganges Delta; approximately 400 million people live in
1120-697: The eastern part of the Bengal/Ganges Delta, Iftekhar Iqbal argues for the inclusion of the Bengal Delta as an ecological framework within which to study the dynamics of agrarian prosperity or decline, communal conflicts, poverty and famine, especially throughout the colonial period. Iqbal has tried to show how resistance movements such as the Faraizi movement can be studied in relation to colonial ecological management practices. A strong criticism of environmental history scholarship with regards to
1160-528: The eastern part of the district. North 24 Parganas district is divided into the following administrative subdivisions: Given below is an overview of the religion-wise break-up of the population across the subdivisions of North 24 Parganas district, as per 2011 census: North 24 Parganas district with 24.22% Muslims (in 2001) has been identified as a minority concentrated district by the Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. A baseline survey on religious minority population has been carried out under
1200-441: The following features and jurisdiction: Community development blocks in Basirhat subdivision are: The subdivision contains 90 gram panchayats under 10 community development blocks : An overview of the municipal towns and cities in Basirhat subdivision is given below. North 24 Parganas district had a literacy rate of 84.06% (for population of 7 years and above) as per the census of India 2011. Bangaon subdivision had
1240-504: The forests have mostly been cleared for agriculture and only small enclaves remain. Thick stands of tall grass, known as canebrakes, grow in wetter areas. The Sundarbans freshwater swamp forests ecoregion lies closer to the Bay of Bengal; this ecoregion is flooded with slightly brackish water during the dry season, and fresh water during the monsoon season. These forests, too, have been almost completely converted to intensive agriculture, with only 130 square kilometres (50 sq mi) of
Baduria - Misplaced Pages Continue
1280-820: The list with 5.7 million Bangladeshis. More recently, Kiren Rijiju , Minister of State for Home Affairs in the NDA government has put the figure at around 20 million. Basirhat subdivision has 11 police stations, 10 community development blocks, 10 panchayat samitis , 90 gram panchayats , 631 mouzas , 617 inhabited villages, 3 municipalities and 13 census towns . The municipalities are at Baduria , Taki and Basirhat . The census towns are: Itinda, Dandirhat , Uttar Bagundi, Dhanyakuria , Mathurapur , Raghunathpur, Dakshin Chatra , Deora, Sadigachhi, Hingalganj , Bankra, Minakhan , and Balihati. The subdivision has its headquarters at Basirhat. Police stations in Basirhat subdivision have
1320-559: The lower Ganges Delta . It contains soil of mature black or brownish loam to recent alluvium . Numerous rivers, creeks and khals criss-cross the area. The tip of the Sundarbans National Park is visible in the lower part of the map (shown in green but not marked). The larger full screen map shows the full forest area. A large section of the area is a part of the Sundarbans settlements . The densely populated area
1360-520: The main medical facility in Baduria CD Block. There are primary health centres at Dakshin Chatra (with 6 beds), Jadurhati (with 6 beds), and Model Belghoria (Bajitpur PHC with 10 beds). Basirhat subdivision Basirhat subdivision is an administrative subdivision of the North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal . In 1757, the East India Company obtained
1400-474: The north. 67% of the delta is inside Bangladesh and only 33% belongs to West Bengal. Most of the delta is composed of alluvial soils made up by small sediment particles that finally settle down as river currents slowdown in the estuary. Rivers carry these fine particles with them, even from their sources at glaciers as fluvio-glacial . Red and red-yellow laterite soils are found as one heads farther east. The soil has large amounts of minerals and nutrients, which
1440-400: The number was assessed at 8 million. A district-wise break-up in 1971, shows the main thrust of the refugee influx was on 24-Parganas (22.3% of the total refugees), Nadia (20.3%), Bankura (19.1%) and Kolkata (12.9%). The North 24 Paraganas district has a 352 km long international border with Bangladesh , out of which 160 km is land border and 192 km is riverine border. Only
1480-542: The river delta as severe flooding also occurs. In 1998, the Ganges flooded the delta, killing about 1,000 people and leaving more than 30 million people homeless. The Bangladesh government asked for $ 900 million to help feed the people of the region, as the entire rice crop was lost. The history of the Bengal delta has been a concern of emerging scholarship by environmental historians. Indian historian Vinita Damodaran has extensively profiled famine management practices by
1520-583: The suburbs of Kolkata (referred to as Dihi Panchannagram ) and the rest. In 1834, several parganas of Jessore and Nadia were added to the 24 Parganas. The district was divided into two divisions. The Alipore division comprised territories originally ceded to the company and the Barasat division comprised territories added from Jessore and Nadia. The two divisions were replaced by eight subdivisions in 1861 – Diamond Harbour, Baruipur, Alipore, Dum Dum, Barrackpore, Barasat, Basirhat and Satkhira. The Satkhira subdivision
1560-901: Was 5,185. The total number of literate persons in Baduria was 38,770 (81.95% of the population over 6 years). As of 2001 India census, Baduria had a population of 47,418. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Baduria has an average literacy rate of 67%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 55% of the males and 45% of females literate. 13% of the population is under 6 years of age. State Highway 3 (locally known as Habra-Baisrhat Road) passes through Baduria. Baduria Dilip Kumar Memorial Institution (co-educational), Baduria Kadambini Devi Girls High School (co-educational), Baduria L.M.S. High School (co-educational),Baduria L.M.S. Girls High School (girls only) and Jashaikati High School are higher secondary schools located in Baduria. Rudrapur (Baduria) Rural Hospital with 60 beds functions as
1600-635: Was transferred to the newly formed Khulna district in 1882, the Baruipur subdivision was abolished in 1883 and the Dum Dum and Barrackpore subdivisions in 1893. Barrackpore subdivision was reconstituted in 1904 with portions of Barasat and Alipore subdivisions. Basirhat subdivision is part of the Ichhamati-Raimangal Plain, one of the three physiographic regions in the district located in the lower Ganges Delta . It contains soil of mature black or brownish loam to recent alluvium . The Ichhamati flows through
#107892