114-619: Ballabgarh , officially Balramgarh , is a large town, nearby Faridabad city and a tehsil (subdistrict) in Faridabad district of Haryana , India, and is part of the Delhi National Capital Region or Delhi NCR. The town was founded by Raja Balram Singh, in 1739, who also built the Nahar Singh Mahal palace in the same year. Raja Nahar Singh (1823–1858) was the last king of the princely state . He
228-520: A Tewatia Jat, the founder of the princely state of Ballabgarh, migrated from Alwalpur village in 1705, and established himself at Sihi (5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Ballabhgarh) after attacking the local Tyagi Brahman rulers there. Gopal Singh Tewatia of Sihi started establishing his power in Delhi, Khair and Mathura areas. He attacked Rajput 's of that area with the help of local Jat villagers. He became more powerful and richer and started looting
342-588: A $ 10.15 million (115 Crore) Haryana government project began to renovate the stadium and grounds. International matches are expected to resume in the facility by the early 2020. A study published in Nature scientific report reports that land is sinking in Faridabad due to groundwater overpumping. Badkhal Lake was located in Badkhal village, 8 km from Delhi Border. The lake fringed by Aravalli hills
456-522: A 0.3% incidence of Alzheimer's, "among the lowest ever reported" -and roughly a quarter of that of a reference US population, & it is believed that keys lies in the diet of the peoples, which having Indian spices, organic herbs & vegetables. In 2015, there was a riot in Atali village where a Hindu mob attacked the Muslim villagers. The total population of Ballabgarh, as per the 2001 Census of India
570-489: A common enemy. Some of them did not support the idea of a pitched battle and wanted to fight using guerrilla tactics instead of charging the enemy head-on. The Marathas were fighting alone at a place which was 1000 miles away from their capital Pune . Raghunathrao was supposed to go north to reinforce the army. Raghunathrao asked for large amount of wealth and troops, which was denied by Sadashivrao Bhau, his cousin and Diwan of Peshwa, so he declined to go. Sadashivrao Bhau
684-523: A distance... Vast numbers of elephants, flags of all descriptions, the finest horses, magnificently caparisoned ... seemed to be collected from every quarter ... it was an imitation of the more becoming and tasteful array of the Mughuls in the zenith of their glory. The Marathas had gained control of a considerable part of India in the intervening period (1712–1757). In 1758 they nominally occupied Delhi , captured Lahore and drove out Timur Shah Durrani ,
798-526: A few broken troops... So Ahmad Shah Durrani has returned to Kandahar with some 12–14 thousand broken troops.. Thus all have risen against Ahmad who has lost control over the region. We have decided to extend our rule up to Kandahar. This brought the Marathas into direct confrontation with the Durrani empire of Ahmad Shah Abdali (also known as Ahmad Shah Durrani). In 1759, he raised an army the core of which
912-450: A figure of 40,000 prisoners as executed by Afghans. Qutb Shah 's son slaughtered 4,000 fugitives near Sonepat and Abdus Samad Khan's son killed 5,000 near Bahadurgad, to avenge their fathers deaths. Some 22,000 women and children were driven off as slaves. All of the prisoners were transported on bullock carts , camels and elephants in bamboo cages. Siyar-ut-Mutakhirin says: The unhappy prisoners were paraded in long lines, given
1026-519: A force of 2500 Pashtuns , attacked and took control of Kunjpura, where there was a Maratha garrison of 700–800 soldiers. At that time Atai Khan Baluch, son of the Shah Wali Khan, the Wazir of Abdali, came from Afghanistan with 10,000 cavalry and cut off the supplies to the Marathas. The Marathas at Panipat were surrounded by Abdali in the south, Pashtun tribes ( Yousufzai , Afridi , Khattak ) in
1140-461: A little parched grain and a drink of water, and beheaded... and the women and children who survived were driven off as slaves – twenty-two thousand, many of them of the highest rank in the land. The bodies of Vishwasrao and Bhau were recovered by the Marathas and were cremated according to their custom. Bhau's wife Parvatibai was saved by Holkar, per the directions of Bhau, and eventually returned to Pune . Peshwa Balaji Baji Rao , uninformed about
1254-513: A little to the north of Kala Amb . They had thus blocked the northward path of Abdali's troops and at the same time were blocked from heading south—in the direction of Delhi, where they could get badly needed supplies—by those same troops. Bhau, with the Peshwa's son and the royal guard (Huzurat), was in the centre. The left wing consisted of the Gardis under Ibrahim Khan . Holkar and Sindhia were on
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#17327723251861368-555: A martyr of 1857 war of independence. A monument in Raja Nahar Singh Jat's memory has been built by the municipal committee inside the "Nahar Singh memorial park" to mark the centenary of war of 1857. The earliest parts of Nahar Singh 's palace, called Nahar Singh Mahal were constructed by his ancestor Rao Balram after whom the estate was named, who came to power in 1739, the construction however continued in parts till about 1850, under Nahar Singh. "Rani ki Chhatri" on
1482-507: A research and development institute under the ministry of commerce, and industry has its head office in Faridabad. The Apex Central Training Institute of the Department of Revenue, Government of India, National Academy of Customs Excise & Narcotics is located at Sector 29. The National Power Training Institute , an autonomous body under Ministry of Power , Government of India has a corporate office in Faridabad. The city also hosts
1596-495: A short time in 1714 during the reign of Farrukhsiyar (r. 1713–1719). His son Balram Singh freed him by pretending to pay the ransom.Charan Das's son, Balram Singh, later rose to be a powerful king. On 30 June 1750, Safdar Jung, marched against Balram but Balram managed to evade him using stratagem with the help of Marathas.Mughal king Ahmad Shah Bahadur replaced Safdar Jung with Gaziuddin Khan ("Intizam-Ud-Daullahas" or "lmad-ul-Mulk",
1710-552: A small Maratha army led by Dattaji Shinde at Burari Ghat. Dattaji camped at the Buradi Fort, south of Panipat, deciding to only engage with Abdali with the aid of Malharao Holkar. He was beheaded and killed in an attack by Qutb Khan . Before Battle of Panipat a war council was formed by Maratha commander-in-chief Sadashiv Rao Bhau in which Maharaja Suraj Mal was invited to give advice for war strategy against Abdali. Jat chief Surajmal provided following advice : Many of
1824-494: A total of 11,665 registered working factories in Haryana, 2,499 were in Faridabad which was followed by Gurgaon with 2,116 factories. According to a study, the growth of Faridabad has been declining in the last 2 decades, the share of Faridabad in investment is less than 1% and 93% of investment is in the paper industry. The industrial contribution of Faridabad to Haryana's revenue was declined from 29% to 22% in 2012–13. Faridabad
1938-533: Is a major industrial hub of Haryana. 50% of the income tax collected in Haryana is from Faridabad and Gurgaon. Faridabad is famous for henna production from the agricultural sector, while tractors, motorcycles, switch gears, refrigerators, shoes, tyres and garments constitute its primary industrial products. In 2018, Faridabad was considered by the World Health Organization as the world's second most polluted city . Faridabad ranked 10th in
2052-747: Is a part of the Central National Capital Region or Delhi metropolitan area. The newly developed residential and industrial part of Faridabad (Sec. 66 to 89) between the Agra Canal and the Yamuna River is commonly referred to as Greater Faridabad (also known as Neharpar ). The area is being developed as a self-sustained sub-city with wide roads, tall buildings, malls, educational institutions, and health and commercial centers. Sectors 66 to 74 are Industrial Sectors, while Sectors 75 to 89 are Residential Sectors. Faridabad
2166-983: Is around 35 km from Faridabad. The airport is the busiest airport in India and provides domestic and international air connectivity. There are numerous educational institutions in Faridabad that offer higher education courses. These colleges provide courses in different field like science, medicine, arts, commerce, engineering, MCA, etc. Some of the colleges that offer graduate and undergraduate courses include: There are many private and government hospitals in Faridabad. The city also has one Government Medical College Hospital named Employees State Insurance Corporation Medical College, Faridabad . The city had another private medical college Gold field medical college situated in Village Chainsa, Ballabgarh which got defunct in 2016 due to financial constraints and later bought by Haryana government and planned to restart in 2020 by
2280-532: Is divided into three sub divisions viz. Faridabad , Ballabhgarh and Badkhal each headed by a Sub Divisional Magistrate (SDM). Ballabgarh, is a Haryana Legislative Assembly constituency segment, within the Faridabad Lok Sabha constituency, and the current representative in the state assembly is Mool Chand Sharma . Ballabhgarh railway station is main railway station in Ballabhgarh. It
2394-496: Is headed by a Divisional Commissioner. Faridabad has a judiciary system headquartered at District Court in Sector 12 which came into existence on 8 December 1980 with Shri A.P. Chaudhary as first District & Sessions Judge, Faridabad. The District Court has its Bar association with more than 2000 lawyers as its members The Faridabad Small Industries Association claims that Faridabad and Gurgaon districts account for almost 56% of
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#17327723251862508-585: Is home to large-scale companies like Escorts Limited , India Yamaha Motor Pvt. Ltd., Havells India Limited, JCB India Limited, Indian Oil (R&D), Larsen & Toubro (L&T), Whirlpool India Ltd., ABB Group , Goodyear India Ltd., Bata India Ltd and Eicher Tractor Ltd., and Beebay Kidswear Eyewear e-tailer Lenskart and healthcare startup Lybrate have their headquarters in Faridabad. More than 5,000 units of auto parts producers are based in Faridabad. Lakhani Armaan Group has set up manufacturing facilities at Faridabad (Haryana). Faridabad
2622-565: Is located on Agra–Delhi chord sector. It serves Faridabad and surrounding areas. The Violet Line of the Delhi Metro connects Ballabhgarh. National Highway 19 also runs through Ballabhgarh. Notable people from Ballabhgarh include:- Mansi Exclusive, Main Market Ballabgarh Faridabad Faridabad ( Hindi: [fəɾiːdɑːbɑːd] ) is the most populous city near NCT of Delhi in
2736-453: Is named after the founder Balram Singh, a Jat chief who held the surrounding country as a feudatory of Suraj Mal of Bharatpur , built the Nahar Singh Mahal fort and palace in 1739. In 2017, the government announced the renaming of several villages and towns based on the requests from villagers, including a name change of Ballabgarh to Balramgarh. Ballabhgarh State , a princely state was founded by Tewatia Jats in 1705. Gopal Singh,
2850-544: Is on the broad gauge of the New Delhi – Mumbai Line . New Delhi and Hazrat Nizammudin Railway Station is about 25 km away from Old Faridabad railway station . The trains for big cities like Mumbai , Hyderabad , Chennai are easily accessible from here. Local trains runs between New Delhi to Faridabad. Delhi Metro Violet Line connects Faridabad with Delhi . The extension of Violet Line to Faridabad
2964-634: Is well connected with Delhi through Delhi Faridabad Skyway (Main Badarpur Flyover). Upcoming DND-Faridabad-KMP expressway It is also connected to cities of Gurugram through Faridabad Gurugram Road (SH137) and Noida, Gautam Buddha Nagar of Uttar Pradesh through Upcoming Bridge near Manjhawali in Faridabad and Jewar in Noida and Ghaziabad through F.N.G road. Faridabad is served by Indira Gandhi International Airport in New Delhi, which
3078-478: The Indian state of Haryana and a part of Delhi National Capital Region . It is one of the major satellite cities around Delhi and is located 284 kilometres south of the state capital, Chandigarh . The river Yamuna forms the eastern district boundary with Uttar Pradesh. The Government of India included it in the second list of Smart Cities Mission on 24 May 2016. As per the 2021 Delhi Regional Plan, Faridabad
3192-528: The Indian Rebellion of 1857 . On 10 September 1857, just four days before British forces stormed Delhi, Nahar Singh wrote a letter to Governor General of India , Lord Ellenborough (1842–1844), whom he had met as a young man, seeking his protection. According to a 2011 auction catalogue, "it seems was written as a ruse to deceive the British in the event of his capture... as he was fully committed to
3306-734: The Maratha Confederacy and the invading army of the Durrani Empire . The battle took place in and around the city of Panipat , approximately 97 kilometres (60 mi) north of Delhi . The Afghans were supported by three key allies in India : Najib ad-Dawlah who persuaded the support of the Rohilla chiefs, elements of the declining Mughal Empire , and most prized the Oudh State under Shuja-ud-Daula . The Maratha army
3420-670: The Maratha Empire to the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb . However, after his death in 1707, this process reversed following the Mughal succession war between the sons of Aurangzeb. By 1712, Marathas quickly started retaking their lost lands. Under Peshwa Baji Rao , Gujarat , Malwa and Rajputana came under Maratha control. Finally, in 1737, Baji Rao defeated the Mughals on the outskirts of Delhi and brought much of
3534-637: The Swachh Survekshan Survey 's top ten dirtiest cities in India in 2020. Faridabad has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under Government of India 's flagship Smart Cities Mission by Ministry of Urban Development . The city was founded in 1607 by Sheikh Farīd , treasurer to the Mughal emperor Jahangir , to protect the Grand Trunk Road between Delhi and Agra , and lies in
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3648-502: The Third Battle of Panipat on 12 June 1761, Suraj Mal recaptured Ballabhgarh from Abdali's forced in 1762 and reinstated Balram's sons Kishan Singh and Bishan Singh in their roles under Bharatpur State. On 20 April 1774, Ajit Singh with title of "Raja" and Hira Singh with titles of "Raja" and "Salar Jang" were restored to Ballabhgarh as descendant of Balram by Mughal king after they were removed by Bharatpur king. In 1775, Ajit Singh
3762-503: The Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon Haryana was transferred to British by Maratha Empire .British confirmed Ajit Singh's son Bahadur Singh as independent ruler of Ballabhgarh jagir ,as a buffer state between British border and Sikhs rulers , and it remained an independent princely state until the Indian Rebellion of 1857 .Bahadur Singh killed in 1806. His son Narain Singh became king but he too
3876-431: The qazi there and slayed the qanungo Santokh Rai for scheming Balram's murder. In November 1755, Jats under Suraj Mal also recaptured Ballabgarh and Ghasira from Mughals. Suraj Mal appointed sons of Balram, Bishan Singh as Nazim and Kishan Singh as kiledar, who stayed in these roles till 1774 under Suraj Mal. From 1757 to 1760, Ahmad Shah Abdali waged war against Jats and Marathas. After the defeat of Maratha Empire in
3990-487: The Afghan force's center. Despite Bhau's success and the ferocity of the charge, the attack did not attain complete success as many of the half-starved Maratha mounts were exhausted. Also, there were no heavy armoured cavalry units for the Marathas to maintain these openings. In order to turn about the deserting Afghan troopers, Abdali deployed his Nascibchi musketeers to gun down the deserters who finally stopped and returned to
4104-513: The Afghan horses being able to outmaneuver the Marathas in battle. Abdali was in no position to maintain his field army in India indefinitely due to external threats. After the defeat the Marathas fled in all directions, and the Afghans, Mughals, Rohillas and Awadh troops fell upon them and were busy in plundering and slaying soldiers and civilians. Afghan officers who had lost their kin in battle were permitted to carry out massacres of Marathas
4218-511: The Afghan soldiers who had been captured by the Marathas earlier during the Siege of Kunjpura revolted. The prisoners unwrapped their green belts and wore them as turbans to impersonate the troops of the Durrani Empire and began attacking from within. This brought confusion and great consternation to the Maratha soldiers, who thought that the enemy had attacked from the rear. Some Maratha troops in
4332-832: The Afghan tribes, had reached Lahore as well as Delhi and defeated the smaller enemy garrisons, and was joined by the Muslims of Northern India, the Rohillas , and Shuja-ud-Daula . Ahmed Shah, at this point, withdrew his army to Anupshahr , on the frontier of the Rohilla country, where he successfully convinced the Nawab of Oudh Shuja-ud-Daula to join his alliance against the Marathas. The Marathas had earlier helped Safdarjung (father of Shuja) in defeating Rohillas in Farrukhabad . The Marathas under Sadashivrao Bhau responded to
4446-443: The Afghans broken, he would move camp in a defensive formation towards Delhi, where they were assured supplies. With the Maratha chiefs pressurizing Sadashivrao Bhau, to go to battle rather than perish by starvation, on 13 January, the Marathas left their camp before dawn and marched south towards the Afghan camp in a desperate attempt to break the siege. The two armies came face-to-face around 8:00 a.m. The Maratha lines began
4560-486: The Afghans. Seeing that the battle was on, Ahmad Shah positioned his 60 smooth-bore cannon and opened fire. The initial attack was led by the Maratha left flank under Ibrahim Khan, who advanced his infantry in formation against the Rohillas and Shah Pasand Khan. The first salvos from the Maratha artillery went over the Afghans' heads and did very little damage. Nevertheless, the first Afghan attack by Najib Khan's Rohillas
4674-564: The Gardis and outflank the Maratha centre while Shah Wali pressed on attacking the front. Thus the Gardis were left defenseless and started falling one by one. Vishwasrao had already been killed by a shot to the head. Bhau and the Huzurati royal forces fought till the end, the Maratha leader having three horses shot out from under him. At this stage, the Holkar and Scindia contingents, realising
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4788-412: The Gardis. However, after seeing the Gardis having no clearing for directing their cannon fire at the enemy troops, they lost their patience and decided to fight the Rohillas themselves. Thus, they broke their position and went all out on the Rohillas. The Rohilla riflemen started accurately firing at the Maratha cavalry, which was equipped only with swords. This gave the Rohillas the opportunity to encircle
4902-537: The Kunjpura garrison, within sight of the Durrani camp, exasperated Abdali to such an extent that he ordered crossing of the river at all costs. Ahmed Shah and his allies on 17 October 1760, broke up from Shahdara , marching south. Taking a calculated risk, Abdali plunged into the river, followed by his bodyguards and troops. Between 23 and 25 October they were able to cross at Baghpat (a small town about 24 miles up
5016-530: The Largest Flag of India . Omaxe World Street is the recent addition to the malls of Greater Faridabad . Faridabad has been selected as one of the 100 Smart Cities in India . A live talk show on making Faridabad 'a smart city' was organised at Municipal Corporation's Auditorium. Haryana Power Generation Corporation Ltd (HPGCL) is setting up a solar power plant at the site of a defunct thermal power plant in Faridabad. The power generator plans to set up
5130-414: The Maratha camp. Bhau ordered the sacking of the already depopulated city. He is said to have planned to place his nephew and the Peshwa's son, Vishwasrao, on the Delhi throne. The Jats withdrew their support from the Marathas. Their withdrawal from the ensuing battle was to play a crucial role in its result. The first blood was drawn when the leader of the Rohillas, an Indian Muslim named Qutb Khan, attacked
5244-408: The Maratha camp. Initially the Marathas had moved in almost 150 pieces of modern long-range, French-made artillery. With a range of several kilometres, these guns were some of the best of the time. The Marathas' plan was to lure the Afghan army to confront them while they had close artillery support. During the next two months of the siege , constant skirmishes and duels took place between units from
5358-400: The Maratha cavalry. The Maratha cavalry was unable to withstand the muskets and camel-mounted swivel cannons of the Afghans. They could be fired without the rider having to dismount and were especially effective against fast-moving cavalry. Abdali therefore, sent 500 of his own bodyguards with orders to raise all able-bodied men out of camp and send them to the front. He sent 1,500 more to punish
5472-433: The Maratha generals found it good strategy as they themselves prefer guerrilla warfare but Sadashiv Rao Bhau found it dishonourable for a king and took this as result of Maratha general's old age and Suraj Mal's foolishness. With both sides poised for battle, maneuvering followed, with skirmishes between the two armies fought around Karnal and Kunjpura . Abdus Samad Khan, the faujdar of Sirhind , had come to Kunjpura, on
5586-619: The National Institute of Financial Management, which serves as training academy for accounting and financial services. Also headquartered here is NHPC Limited which is a Central PSU under the Ministry of Power, Government of India, and the largest hydropower Company in India. An office of Geological Survey of India is also located in the NIT-5 area of the city. Faridabad is the industrial capital of Haryana. As of 2013, out of
5700-503: The Rohillas knew North India very well. He was also diplomatic, striking agreements with Hindu leaders, especially the Jats and Rajputs , and former rivals like the Nawab of Awadh, appealing to him in the name of religion. Moreover, the senior Maratha chiefs constantly bickered with one another. Each had ambitions of carving out their independent states and had no interest in fighting against
5814-473: The Rohillas led by Abdali and Najib ad-Dawlah . The battle is considered to have been one of the largest and most eventful fought in the 18th century, and it had perhaps the largest number of fatalities in a single day reported in a classic formation battle between two armies. The battle lasted for several days and involved over 125,000 troops; protracted skirmishes occurred, with losses and gains on both sides. The Afghan army ultimately emerged victorious from
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#17327723251865928-465: The Vizier in close order and at full gallop. Whenever they charged the enemy in front, the chief of the staff and Najib were directed to fall upon either flank. With their own men in the firing line, the Maratha artillery could not respond to the shathurnals and the cavalry charge. Some 7,000 Maratha cavalry and infantry were killed before the hand-to-hand fighting began at around 14:00 hrs. By 16:00 hrs,
6042-459: The bank of historic "rajsi sarovar" (royal lake) were constructed by the widow of Jat ruler Anrudh Singh, ruled Ballabagarh till 1818, in the memory of her deceased husband. It is located near Nahar Singh Mahal and Raja Nahar Singh metro station . The monument has chhatris (cenotaph) with ghats that has steps leading to the lake. The fresh water was fed from the Agra Canal . Earlier, INTACH had undertaken renovation costing INR 1,000,000, which
6156-502: The banks of the Yamuna river 60 miles to the north of Delhi with a force of more than ten thousand and supplies for the Afghan force. Kunjpura was stormed by the Marathas who was running short of supplies. Aided by the musketeers under Ibrahim Gardi, the Marathas achieved a rather easy victory at Kunjpura against an army of around 15,000 Afghans posted there. Some of Abdali's best generals like Najabat Khan were killed. Abdus Samad Khan
6270-460: The battle after successfully destroying several Maratha flanks. The extent of the losses on both sides is heavily disputed by historians, but it is believed that between 60,000 and 70,000 troops were killed in the fighting, while the numbers of injured and prisoners taken vary considerably. According to the single-best eyewitness chronicle—the bakhar by Shuja-ud-Daula's Diwan Kashi Raja —about 40,000 Maratha prisoners were collectively slaughtered on
6384-472: The battle was lost, merged their forces with one contingent breaking from the Maratha right flank and escaped from the opening in the Durrani lines southwards as Jankoji Rao Scindia lead the other contingent to reinforce the thinning lines of Marathas. The Maratha front lines remained largely intact, with some of their artillery units fighting until sunset. Choosing not to launch a night attack, many Maratha troops escaped that night. Bhau's wife Parvatibai , who
6498-443: The battle. In this order the army of Ahmed Shah moved forward, leaving him at his preferred post in the centre, which was now in the rear of the line, from where he could watch and direct the battle. Before dawn on 14 January 1761, the Maratha troops broke their fast with sugared water in the camp and prepared for combat. They emerged from the trenches, pushing the artillery into position on their prearranged lines, some 2 km from
6612-429: The battlefield, the Maratha defeat would have been delayed but not averted. Ahmad Shah's superiority in pitched battle could've been averted by guerrilla warfare, as advised by Malharrao Holkar and Suraj Mal . However it is described as impossible to implement due to the camp followers of Bhau's army, and the general quality of his men. It is also believed that the Afghans would not be susceptible to such tactics, due to
6726-495: The cause of Indian Independence". After the mutiny was suppressed, Nahar Singh along with all the rulers were captured, tried and hanged on 9 January 1858 and their estate confiscated by the British Raj . As was Gulab Singh Saini , the commander-in-chief of the army of state of Ballabhgarh. The territory of Ballabhgarh was added into the Delhi district as a new tehsil , which was now made part of Punjab, while Faridabad became
6840-422: The civilians. Many were ordinary men, women and children on their pilgrimage to Hindu holy places and shrines. Behind the civilians was yet another protective infantry line, of young, inexperienced soldiers. On the other side the Afghans formed a somewhat similar line, a few metres to the south of today's Sanauli Road. Their left was being formed by Najib and their right by two brigades of troops. Their left centre
6954-451: The cultural region of Braj and Mewat . In Independent India, Faridabad was initially a part of Gurgaon district which was later made an independent district on 15 August 1979. Nearby Tilpat (then "Tilprastha") was one of the five villages demanded by Pandavas to avert a disastrous war. Faridabad has a borderline hot semi-arid climate ( Köppen BSh ) just short of a dry winter humid subtropical climate ( Cwa ). The city features
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#17327723251867068-491: The day after the battle. British historian Grant Duff includes an interview of a survivor of these massacres in his History of the Marathas and generally corroborates this number. Shejwalkar, whose monograph Panipat 1761 is often regarded as the single-best secondary source on the battle, says that "not less than 100,000 Marathas (soldiers and non-combatants) perished during and after the battle". The 27-year Mughal-Maratha war (1680–1707) led to rapid territorial loss of
7182-401: The east, Shuja, Atai Khan and others in the north and other Pashtun tribes ( Gandapur , Marwat , Durranis and Kakars ) in the west. Unable to continue without supplies or wait for reinforcements from Pune any longer, Bhau decided to break the siege. His plan was to pulverise the enemy formations with cannon fire and not to employ his cavalry until the Afghans were thoroughly softened up. With
7296-435: The extreme right. The Maratha line was formed up some 12 km across, with the artillery in front, protected by infantry, pikemen, musketeers and bowmen. The cavalry was instructed to wait behind the artillery and bayonet-wielding musketeers, ready to be thrown in when control of the battlefield had been fully established. Behind this line was another ring of 30,000 young Maratha soldiers who were not battle-tested, and then
7410-410: The faujdar of Sirhind was also killed during the battle. Qutab shah who was responsible for beheading Dattaji Shinde at the battle of Barari ghat was executed by the Marathas after their capture of Kunjpura. Ahmad Shah was encamped on the left bank of the Yamuna River, which was swollen by rains, and was powerless to aid the garrison. The whole Afghan garrison was killed or enslaved. The massacre of
7524-413: The field. The Marathas, under Scindia, attacked Najib. Najib successfully fought a defensive action, however, keeping Scindia's forces at bay. By noon it looked as though Bhau would clinch victory for the Marathas once again. The Afghan left flank still held its own, but the centre was cut in two and the right was almost destroyed. Ahmad Shah had watched the fortunes of the battle from his tent, guarded by
7638-595: The former Mughal territories in the south of Agra under Maratha control. Baji Rao's son Balaji Baji Rao further increased the territory under Maratha control by invading Punjab in 1758. Raghunathrao's letter to the Peshwa, 4 May 1758. Lahore, Multan and other subahs on eastern side of Attock are under our rule for the most part, and places which have not come under our rule we shall soon bring under us. Ahmad Shah Durrani's son Timur Shah Durrani and Jahan Khan have been pursued by our troops, and their troops completely looted. Both of them have now reached Peshawar with
7752-491: The front-line troops who attempted to flee the battle and kill without mercy any soldier who would not return to the fight. These extra troops, along with 4,000 of his reserve troops, went to support the broken ranks of the Rohillas on the right. The remainder of the reserve, 10,000 strong, were sent to the aid of Shah Wali, still labouring unequally against the Bhau in the centre of the field. These mailed warriors were to charge with
7866-527: The headquarters of the pargana till now in jagir by the Ballabgarh rulers. It was made a municipality in 1867. In 1901, Ballabhgarh town had a population of 4,506. Bahdurgarh tehsil of Delhi district, including towns and villages of Faridabad and Ballabhgarh, had a population of 126,693 in 1901, up from 119,652 in 1891. One 2001 study in Neurology of a rural population at Ballabgarh, India, found
7980-570: The imperial Mir Bakhshi ) as new wazir. Safdar Jung, supported by Balram Jat and Surajmal Jat, revolted against the Mughal king. Murtija Khan's son Aqaibet Mahmud Khan was the chief diwan of Gaziuddin Khan, he and Balram agreed to meet to negotiate the terms of truce. Balram arrived with his son, diwan and 250 men, angry words flew, Balram put his hand on his sword, Aquibat's guard suddenly fell upon Balram and killed him, his son, diwan and 9 other escorts. Maharaja Suraj Mal Jat retaliated by capturing Palwal from Mughals on 27 September 1754. He also caught
8094-519: The income tax collected in Haryana. Faridabad has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under PM Narendra Modi's flagship Smart Cities Mission . It has started growing as another technology hub in Haryana nurturing startups and innovation. Faridabad is the largest exporter of henna (Mehandi) in India. According to the Faridabad Henna Manufacturing Association,
8208-455: The international crafts fair or Surajkund Mela, as it commonly called scheduled from 1 to 15 February was cancelled for the first time in 34 years amid COVID-19 fears. The Anagpur Dam is located close to the Anagpur village (also called Arangpur) in Faridabad district , about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) away from Surajkund . This unique Indian hydraulic engineering structure was built during
8322-477: The largest in the Indian subcontinent and possibly the world's oldest. Faridabad and various shopping malls including SRS Mall in Sector 12, Crown Interiors Mall in Sarai Khawaja Village, Crown Plaza in Sector 15 A, Parasnath Mall along with several others. The city has a good network of parks in each sector with some of the major parks like Town Park in Sector 12 which also accommodates one of
8436-522: The most comfortable conditions. Faridabad has been ranked 17th best “National Clean Air City” (under Category 1 >10L Population cities) in India. As per 2011 census, Faridabad had a population of 1,414,050 out of which there were 754,542 males and 659,508 females. The literacy rate was 83.83 per cent. The local languages are Brajbhasha and Haryanvi . There are six key administrators of Faridabad. Faridabad, Palwal, and Nuh district jointly fall under Faridabad division of Haryana . A Division
8550-461: The mughal travelers on Delhi–Agra royal route during the reign of Aurangzeb (d. 1707). In 1710, during the reign of Aurangzeb's son Bahadur Shah I , the Mughal officer Murtaza Khan killed him in 1711. Gopal's successor was his son Charan Das Tewatia, who was also ambitious. When Charan Das saw weakening of the Mughal rule, he stopped paying malgujari (octroi) to Mughals. As a result, Mughals arrested and imprisoned Charan Das at Faridabad fort for
8664-431: The name of "Atal Bihari Vajpayee government medical College". Other hospitals include: The Nahar Singh Stadium , which has approximately 25,000 seats, has hosted 8 international cricket matches and a league cricket match between Mumbai Heroes and Bhojpuri Dabbang of Celebrity Cricket League . However, owing to the poor condition of the grounds, international competitions have not been held there since 2017. In 2019,
8778-616: The news of the Afghans' return to North India by raising an army, and they marched North. Bhau's force was bolstered by some Maratha forces under Holkar , Scindia , Gaikwad and Govind Pant Bundele . Suraj Mal (the Jat ruler of Bharatpur ) also had joined Bhausaheb initially. This combined army captured the Mughal capital, Delhi, from an Afghan garrison in December 1759. Delhi had been reduced to ashes many times due to previous invasions, and in addition there being acute shortage of supplies in
8892-591: The next day also, in Panipat and the surrounding area. They arranged victory mounds of severed heads outside their camps. According to the single best eyewitness chronicle – the bakhar by Shuja-ud-Daula 's Diwan Casi Raja(Kashi Raja) – about 40,000 Maratha prisoners were slaughtered in cold blood the day after the battle. According to Hamilton, a reporter of the Bombay Gazette , about half a million Marathi people were present there in Panipat town and he gives
9006-592: The palace as heritage property. The palace is now a motel-cum-restaurant. The tomb is located in old Faridabad. Baba Farid was a popular Sufi Sant. The tomb contains 2 gigantic doors and the graves of Baba Farid and his son. [1] Archaeologists discovered cave paintings and tools from the Paleolithic period in the Mangar Bani hill forest, which is on the outskirts of Faridabad. The cave paintings are estimated to be one lac years old. These are believed to be
9120-639: The plant over 151.78 acres near Bata Chowk in the district that generated coal based energy in the past. A petition was filed with National Green Tribunal (NGT) for protection of Aravalli from Faridabad waste disposal. The Lok Sabha MP from Faridabad is Krishan Pal Gurjar , who was elected in May 2019. The MLA is Narender Gupta , who was elected in October 2019. List of films , Chandrawal , Jagat Jakhar ) Third Battle of Panipat The Third Battle of Panipat took place on 14 January 1761 between
9234-657: The reign of King Anangpal of the Tomar dynasty in the 8th century. It is approachable by road from Delhi from the Delhi – Mathura road. The ruins of the fortifications found in Anangpur village establish by an inference that it was built by Anangpal as part of the Lal Kot that was developed as the first city of Delhi in the 8th century. Raja Nahar Singh palace is located in Ballabhgarh . Now Haryana Tourism manages
9348-408: The river), unopposed by the Marathas who were still preoccupied with the sacking of Kunjpura and visit to nearby Kurukshetra ; an important Hindu pilgrimage destination. After the Marathas failed to prevent Abdali's forces from crossing the Yamuna River, they set up defensive works in the ground near Panipat , thereby blocking his access back to Afghanistan, just as Abdali's forces blocked theirs to
9462-594: The ruler of Afghanistan , to halt the threat. The Marathas attempted to turn over the support of the Gujarati Muslim Babis, the Indian Rohillas, Nizam brothers of the Deccan, and Shuja-ud-Dawlah. Ahmad Shah Durrani ( Ahmad Shah Abdali ), angered by the news from his son and his allies, was unwilling to allow the Marathas' spread go unchecked. By the end of 1759 Abdali with his Qizilbash and
9576-647: The sale of henna from Faridabad is worth an estimated ₹ 250 crore (US$ 30 million)– ₹ 300 crore (US$ 36 million) annually. Many directorates of different union government ministries are headquartered in Faridabad including Central Ground Water Board, Department of Plant Quarantine and Central Insecticide Lab, and Union Government Offices from Haryana including the Commissioner of Central Excise within Department of Revenue, Government of India, Department of Explosives, and Department of Labour. Institute such as National Council for Cement and Building Materials,
9690-515: The second phase, Bhau himself led the charge against the left-of-center Afghan forces, under the Afghan Vizier Shah Wali Khan. The sheer force of the attack nearly broke the Afghan lines, and the Afghan soldiers started to desert their positions in the confusion. Desperately trying to rally his forces, Shah Wali appealed to Shuja ud Daulah for assistance. However, the Nawab did not break from his position, effectively splitting
9804-529: The situation. Raghunathrao asked for large number of an army soldiers, which was denied by Sadashivrao Bhau , his cousin and Diwan of Peshwa. Therefore, he declined to go. Sadashivrao Bhau was instead made commander in chief of the Maratha Army, under whom the Battle of Panipat was fought. The Marathas, under the command of Sadashivrao Bhau, responded by gathering an army of between 45,000 and 60,000, which
9918-690: The son and viceroy of the Afghan ruler, Ahmad Shah Abdali . This was the high-water mark of Maratha expansion, where the boundaries of their empire extended north of the Sindhu river all the way down south to northern Kerala . This territory was ruled through the Peshwa , who talked of placing his son Vishwasrao on the Mughal throne. However, Delhi still remained under the control of Mughals , key Muslim intellectuals including Shah Waliullah and other Muslim clergies in India were frightened at these developments. In desperation they appealed to Ahmad Shah Abdali ,
10032-527: The south. However, on the afternoon of 26 October, Ahmad Shah's advance guard reached Samalkha , about halfway between Sonepat and Panipat, where they encountered the vanguard of the Marathas. A fierce skirmish ensued, in which the Afghans lost 1000 men but drove the Marathas back to their main body, which kept retreating slowly for several days. This led to the partial encirclement of the Maratha army. In skirmishes that followed, Govind Pant Bundele , with 10,000 light cavalry who weren't formally trained soldiers,
10146-474: The state of his army, was crossing the Narmada with a relief force and supplies when he heard of the defeat. He returned to Pune and never recovered from the shock of the debacle at Panipat. According to Kashi Raja Pundit, "It was Balaji Bajirao's love of pleasure which was responsible for Panipat. He delayed at Paithan celebrating his second marriage until December 27, when it was too late." Jankoji Scindia
10260-411: The still unbroken forces on his left. He sent his bodyguards to call up his 15,000 reserve troops from his camp and arranged them as a column in front of his cavalry of musketeers ( Qizilbash ) and 2,000 swivel-mounted shutarnaals or Ushtranaal—cannons—on the backs of camels. The shutarnaals, because of their positioning on camels, could fire an extensive salvo over the heads of their own infantry, at
10374-419: The three typical Indian seasons – The "hot" or pre-monsoon season lasts from late March to mid-July and is typified by sweltering and arid conditions that begin very dry but later turn humid. The "wet" or monsoon season is sweltering and often dangerously humid with frequent but erratic heavy rainfall. Following the retreat of the monsoon is the "cool" or winter season with warm and sunny weather producing by far
10488-417: The tired Maratha infantry began to succumb to the onslaught of attacks from fresh Afghan reserves, protected by armoured leather jackets. Sadashiv Rao Bhau who had not kept any reserves, seeing his forward lines dwindling, civilians behind and upon seeing Vishwasrao disappear in the midst of the fighting, felt he had no choice but to come down from his elephant and lead the battle. Taking advantage of this,
10602-464: The two sides. In one of these Najib lost 3,000 of his Rohillas and was nearly killed himself. Facing a potential stalemate, Abdali decided to seek terms, which Bhau was willing to consider. However, Najib Khan delayed any chance of an agreement with an appeal on religious grounds and sowed doubt about whether the Marathas would honour any agreement. After the Marathas moved from Kunjpura to Panipat, Diler Khan Marwat, with his father Alam Khan Marwat and
10716-410: The vanguard, seeing that their general had disappeared from his elephant and the chaos ensuing in the rear, panicked and scattered in disarray towards the rear. Abdali had given a part of his army the task of surrounding and killing the Gardis, who were at the leftmost part of the Maratha army. Bhausaheb had ordered Vitthal Vinchurkar (with 1500 cavalry) and Damaji Gaikwad (with 2500 cavalry) to protect
10830-437: Was 187067, up from 144215 in 1991 Census. Of this, 0 are Scheduled Tribes (STs) and 37428 are Scheduled Caste (SC), however Jats have highest density along with Ahirs , Rajputs , Agarwals , Brahmins . The sex ratio of the population in Ballabgarh is 850 females per 1000 males. The literacy rate in the city is 65.35 per cent, 79.96 for males and 48.25 for females. The local language is Brajbhasha and Haryanvi. The fort
10944-467: Was a man-made embankment which has now dried up. The lake complex, spread over 40 acres, had come up in 1969. In June 2015, Haryana government decided to revive the Badkhal lake here to once again attract tourists. Situated at a distance of around 8 km from South Delhi. It is a 10th-century water reservoir which believed to be built by Tomar king Surajpal. Place is known for its annual fair "Surajkund International Crafts Mela". 2015 edition of fair
11058-481: Was accompanied by roughly 200,000 non-combatants, a number of whom were pilgrims desirous of making pilgrimages to Hindu holy sites in northern India. The Marathas started their northward journey from Patdur on 14 March 1760. Both sides tried to get the Nawab of Awadh , Shuja-ud-Daulah , into their camp. By late July Shuja-ud-Daulah made the decision to join the Afghan-Rohilla coalition, preferring to join what
11172-412: Was assisting in the administration of the Maratha camp, escaped to Pune with her bodyguard, Janu Bhintada along with Nana Fadnavis under the protection of Malhar Rao Holkar's contingent. Some 15,000 soldiers managed to reach Gwalior . Durrani had both numeric as well as qualitative superiority over Marathas. The combined Afghan army was much larger than that of Marathas. Though the infantry of Marathas
11286-440: Was broken by Maratha bowmen and pikemen, along with a unit of the famed Gardi musketeers stationed close to the artillery positions. The second and subsequent salvos were fired at point-blank range into the Afghan ranks. The resulting carnage sent the Rohillas reeling back to their lines, leaving the battlefield in the hands of Ibrahim for the next three hours, during which the 8,000 Gardi musketeers killed about 12,000 Rohillas. In
11400-470: Was built by the Raja Balram Singh jat, inner part of which has been encroached by the police station and the tahsil office. The carefully planned town outside the fort walls was laid out by "Raja Bahadur Singh Jat", with quadrangular market places, wells at cross roads, and a large garden which he named "Dilkusha" (literally "pleasing to heart"). The last ruler of this dynasty was Raja Nahar Singh,
11514-625: Was executed for taking part in the 1857 war of independence in 1858. The town of Ballabhgarh is only 17 miles (27 km) from Delhi , and today lies on the National Highway 19 , a major portion of historical Grand Trunk Road . It is connected to Faridabad and south-east Delhi by the Delhi Metro . Ballabhgarh is the fourth city in Haryana to get metro connectivity after Gurgaon, Faridabad and Bahadurgarh. The origin of Ballabhgrah State itself goes back to 1705 and Ballabhgarh town and fort were founded in 1739 by Balram Singh. Ballabhgarh
11628-440: Was formally appointed Raja of Ballabhgarh under Mughal authority. In 1793, Ajit Singh was killed by his brother Zalim Singh, and Ajit's son Bahadur Singh became the king. Till 1803 Ballabhgarh rulers remained under Marathas .In 1785 mahadji capture deeg but not capture bharatpur after 1787 to keep peace with Jats gave 11 paragana to ranjit singh and make friendly relation with bharatpur to make peace ref agra province. In 1803, after
11742-640: Was from the Qizilbash , and recruited other troops such as the Pashtun tribes, Kurds, and Uzbeks. and made several gains against the smaller Maratha garrisons in Punjab. He then joined his Indian allies—the Rohillas of the Gangetic Doab, the Muslims of Northern India, and Shuja-ud-Daula —forming a broad coalition against the Marathas. To counter this, Raghunathrao was supposed to go north to handle
11856-538: Was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 6 Sepetmeber 2015. There are 9 metro stations in Faridabad corridor of Delhi Metro which are all elevated. Metro has been recently elongated to Ballabhgarh with the addition of two stations- Sant Surdas Sihi and Raja Nahar Singh Ballabhgarh . The 11 metro stations are Sarai , NHPC Chowk , Mewala Maharajpur , Sector 28 , Badkhal Mor , Old Faridabad , Neelam Chowk Ajronda , Bata Chowk , Escorts Mujesar , Sant Surdas (Sihi) and Raja Nahar Singh . Faridabad
11970-554: Was killed in 1806.Narain's son Anirudh Singh became king and ruled till he was killed in 1819.His infant son Sahib Singh ruled till 1825 when he died childless.Sahib's paternal uncle and Narain Singh's brother Ram Singh ruled till 1829 till his death. In Raja Nahar Singh ascended the throne in 1829 after his father Ram Singh's death and proved to be a just ruler. Nahar Singh was ruler of 11 villages of Ballabhgarh. He, Nawab Ahmed Ali Khan of Farrukhnagar , and rulers of neighbouring principalities such as Rewari and Jhajjar , took part in
12084-600: Was led by Sadashivrao Bhau , who was third-highest authority of the Maratha Confederacy after the Chhatrapati and the Peshwa . The bulk of the Maratha army was stationed in the Deccan Plateau with the Peshwa . Militarily, the battle pitted the artillery, musketry, and cavalry of the Marathas against the heavy cavalry, musketry ( jezail ) and mounted artillery ( zamburak ) of the Afghans and
12198-517: Was led by two Viziers, Shuja-ud-daulah with 3,000 soldiers and 50–60 cannons and Ahmad Shah's Vizier Shah Wali with a choice body of 19,000 mailed Afghan horsemen. The right centre consisted of 15,000 Rohillas under Hafiz Rahmat and other chiefs of the Rohilla Pathans. Pasand Khan covered the left wing with 5,000 cavalry, Barkurdar Khan and Amir Beg covered the right with 3,000 Rohilla cavalry. Long-range musketeers were also present during
12312-580: Was not sufficient. COnsequently, INR 1 cr (10 Million) was approved in 2016 for the completion of renovation of chhatri and sarovar. Jat ranis use to bathe and worship here. Home to the Cement Research Institute of India as well as Comprehensive Rural Health Services Project (AIIMS) or called Civil Hospital . It is the rural field practice area of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. Faridabad district
12426-439: Was on a foraging mission with about 500 men. They were surprised by an Afghan force near Meerut , and in the ensuing fight, Bundele was killed. This was followed by the loss of a contingent of 2,000 Maratha soldiers who had left Delhi to deliver money and rations to Panipat . This completed the encirclement, as Ahmad Shah had cut off the Maratha army's supply lines. With supplies and stores dwindling, tensions started rising in
12540-409: Was organized along European lines and their army had some of the best French-made guns of the time, their artillery was static and lacked mobility against the fast-moving Afghan forces. The heavy mounted artillery of Afghans proved much better in the battlefield than the light artillery of Marathas. None of the other Hindu kings joined forces to fight Abdali. Allies of Abdali, namely, Najib, Shuja and
12654-549: Was perceived as the "army of Islam ". This was strategically a major loss for the Marathas, since Shuja provided much-needed finances for the long Afghan stay in North India . It is doubtful whether the Afghan-Rohilla coalition would have the means to continue their conflict with the Marathas without Shuja's support. Grant Duff, describing the Maratha army: The lofty and spacious tents, lined with silks and broadcloths, were surmounted by large gilded ornaments, conspicuous at
12768-548: Was taken prisoner and executed at the instigation of Najib. Ibrahim Khan Gardi was tortured and executed by enraged Afghan soldiers. The Marathas never fully recovered from the loss at Panipat, but they remained the largest empire in the Indian subcontinent and managed to retake Delhi ten years later. However, their claim over all of India ended with the three Anglo-Maratha Wars , in the early 19th century. The Jats under Suraj Mal benefited significantly from not participating in
12882-541: Was there upon made commander in chief of the Maratha Army, under whom the Battle of Panipat was fought. Some historians have opined, that Peshwa's decision to appoint Sadashivrao Bhau as the Supreme Commander instead of Malharrao Holkar or Raghunathrao proved to be an unfortunate one, as Sadashivrao was totally ignorant of the political and military situation in North India. If Holkar had remained in
12996-569: Was visited by 1.2 million visitors including 160,000 foreigners with more than 20 countries participating in fair. The Suraj Kund Lake. D2i.in. Retrieved on 2012-01-10. here is surrounded by rock cut steps. 2016 edition of Surajkund International Crafts Mela was the 30th edition and People's Republic of China will be participating in the fair. Participation of the China will be the part of agreement signed between India and China in 2014 to celebrate year 2016 as "Year of China in India". In 2021,
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