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70-555: An assembly hall is a hall to hold public meetings or meetings of an organization such as a school, church, or deliberative assembly . An example of the last case is the Assembly Hall (Washington, Mississippi) where the general assembly of the state of Mississippi was held. Some Christian denominations call their meeting places or places of worship assembly halls. Elders and ministers of Presbyterian churches gather in assembly halls for their general assemblies , such as in

140-476: A collegium was a "body, guild, corporation united in colleagueship; of magistrates, praetors, tribunes, priests, augurs; a political club or trade guild". Thus a college was a form of corporation or corporate body, an artificial legal person (body/corpus) with its own legal personality, with the capacity to enter into legal contracts, to sue and be sued. In mediaeval England there were colleges of priests, for example in chantry chapels ; modern survivals include

210-519: A bachelor's degree . Often, these are entirely undergraduate institutions, although some have graduate school programs. Four-year institutions in the U.S. that emphasize a liberal arts curriculum are known as liberal arts colleges . Until the 20th century, liberal arts, law, medicine, theology, and divinity were about the only form of higher education available in the United States. These schools have traditionally emphasized instruction at

280-593: A bachelor's degree . What often distinguishes a university is having, in addition, one or more graduate schools engaged in both teaching graduate classes and in research. Often these would be called a School of Law or School of Medicine, (but may also be called a college of law, or a faculty of law). An exception is Vincennes University , Indiana , which is styled and chartered as a "university" even though almost all of its academic programs lead only to two-year associate degrees. Some institutions, such as Dartmouth College and The College of William & Mary , have retained

350-468: A further education institution, or a secondary school . In most of the world, a college may be a high school or secondary school, a college of further education , a training institution that awards trade qualifications, a higher-education provider that does not have university status (often without its own degree-awarding powers), or a constituent part of a university . In the United States ,

420-452: A great hall . The hall was home to the hearth and was where all the residents of the house would eat, work, and sleep. One common example of this form is the longhouse . Only particularly messy tasks would be done in separate rooms on the periphery of the hall. Still today the term hall is often used to designate a country house such as a hall house , or specifically a Wealden hall house , and manor houses . In later medieval Europe,

490-643: A Royal Charter. Examples include an electoral college , the College of Arms , a college of canons , and the College of Cardinals . Other collegiate bodies include professional associations, particularly in medicine and allied professions. In the UK these include the Royal College of Nursing and the Royal College of Physicians . Examples in the United States include the American College of Physicians ,

560-416: A college may offer undergraduate programs – either as an independent institution or as the undergraduate program of a university – or it may be a residential college of a university or a community college , referring to (primarily public) higher education institutions that aim to provide affordable and accessible education, usually limited to two-year associate degrees . The word is generally also used as

630-581: A college. Institutions accredited by the Council for Higher Education in Israel (CHE) to confer a bachelor's degree are called "Academic Colleges" ( Hebrew : מִכְלָלָה , romanized :  Mikhlala ; plural Hebrew : מכללות , romanized :  Mikhlalot ). These colleges (at least 4 for 2012) may also offer master's degrees and act as Research facilities. There are also over twenty teacher training colleges or seminaries, most of which may award only

700-417: A complicated form of the word "college" which avoids the usual "post-secondary" connotation. This is because these secondary schools have traditionally focused on academic, rather than vocational, subjects and ability levels (for example, collegiates offered Latin while vocational schools offered technical courses). Some private secondary schools (such as Upper Canada College , Vancouver College ) choose to use

770-660: A contractual basis) or a community hall available for rent to anyone, such as a British village hall . In religious architecture, as in Islamic architecture , the prayer hall is a large room dedicated to the practice of worship. (example: the prayer hall of the Great Mosque of Kairouan in Tunisia ). A hall church is a church with a nave and side aisles of approximately equal height. Many churches have an associated church hall used for meetings and other events. Following

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840-412: A corridor each accessed by a separate door. Many institutions and buildings at colleges and universities are formally titled "_______ Hall", typically being named after the person who endowed it, for example, King's Hall, Cambridge . Others, such as Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford , commemorate respected people. Between these in age, Nassau Hall at Princeton University began as the single building of

910-469: A dais for the high table at the upper end and a screen passage at the lower end, is a modified or assimilated form of the Great hall . A hall is also a building consisting largely of a principal room, that is rented out for meetings and social affairs. It may be privately or government-owned, such as a function hall owned by one company used for weddings and cotillions (organized and run by the same company on

980-658: A higher degree in the same university once the program it is completed. But in Chile, the term "college" is not usually used for tertiary education , but is used mainly in the name of some private bilingual schools , corresponding to levels 0, 1 and 2 of the ISCED 2011 . Some examples are they Santiago College , Saint George's College , among others. In the United States, there were 5,916 post-secondary institutions (universities and colleges) as of 2020–21, having peaked at 7,253 in 2012–13 and fallen every year since. A "college" in

1050-510: A large number. The first liberal arts and sciences college in India was "Cottayam College" or the "Syrian College", Kerala in 1815. The First inter linguistic residential education institution in Asia was started at this college. At present it is a Theological seminary which is popularly known as Orthodox Theological Seminary or Old Seminary. After that, CMS College, Kottayam, established in 1817, and

1120-473: A line of similar development, in office buildings and larger buildings ( theatres , cinemas etc.), the entrance hall is generally known as the foyer (the French for fireplace). The atrium , a name sometimes used in public buildings for the entrance hall, was the central courtyard of a Roman house. In architecture, the term "double-loaded" describes corridors that connect to rooms on both sides. Conversely,

1190-400: A new term has been introduced that is Autonomous Institutes & Colleges. An autonomous Colleges are colleges which need to be affiliated to a certain university. These colleges can conduct their own admission procedure, examination syllabus, fees structure etc. However, at the end of course completion, they cannot issue their own degree or diploma. The final degree or diploma is issued by

1260-479: A regional university. The colleges offer programmes leading to degrees of that university. Colleges may be either Autonomous or non-autonomous. Autonomous Colleges are empowered to establish their own syllabus, and conduct and assess their own examinations; in non-autonomous colleges, examinations are conducted by the university, at the same time for all colleges under its affiliation. There are several hundred universities and each university has affiliated colleges, often

1330-420: A single-loaded corridor only has rooms on one side (and possible windows on the other). A blind corridor does not lead anywhere. College A college ( Latin : collegium ) is an educational institution or a constituent part of one. A college may be a degree -awarding tertiary educational institution, a part of a collegiate or federal university , an institution offering vocational education ,

1400-521: A synonym for a university in the US. Colleges in countries such as France , Belgium , and Switzerland provide secondary education . The word "college" is from the Latin verb lego, legere, legi, lectum , "to collect, gather together, pick", plus the preposition cum , "with", thus meaning "selected together". Thus "colleagues" are literally "persons who have been selected to work together". In ancient Rome

1470-481: Is CEGEP ( Collège d'enseignement général et professionnel , "college of general and professional education"). They are collegiate-level institutions that a student typically enrols in if they wish to continue onto university in the Quebec education system , or to learn a trade. In Ontario and Alberta , there are also institutions that are designated university colleges , which only grant undergraduate degrees. This

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1540-657: Is a military college which trains officers for the Canadian Armed Forces . The institution is a full-fledged university, with the authority to issue graduate degrees, although it continues to word the term college in its name. The institution's sister schools, Royal Military College Saint-Jean also uses the term college in its name, although it academic offering is akin to a CEGEP institution in Quebec. A number of post-secondary art schools in Canada formerly used

1610-561: Is also, as in the United Kingdom, used for a constituent semi-autonomous part of a larger university but generally organized on academic rather than residential lines. For example, at many institutions, the undergraduate portion of the university can be briefly referred to as the college (such as The College of the University of Chicago , Harvard College at Harvard , or Columbia College at Columbia ) while at others, such as

1680-559: Is the space next to the front door or vestibule leading to the rooms directly and/or indirectly. Where the hall inside the front door of a house is elongated, it may be called a passage , corridor (from Spanish corredor used in El Escorial and 100 years later in Castle Howard ), or hallway . In warmer climates, the houses of the wealthy were often built around a courtyard , but in northern areas manors were built around

1750-529: Is to differentiate between universities, which have both undergraduate and graduate programs and those that do not. In Canada, there is a strong distinction between "college" and "university". In conversation, one specifically would say either "they are going to university" (i.e., studying for a three- or four-year degree at a university) or "they are going to college" (i.e., studying at a technical/career training). The term college also applies to distinct entities that formally act as an affiliated institution of

1820-924: The American College of Surgeons , and the American College of Dentists. An example in Australia is the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners . The different ways in which the term "College" is used to describe educational institutions in various regions of the world is listed below: In Canadian English, the term "college" usually refers to a trades school, applied arts/science/technology/business/health school or community college . These are post-secondary institutions granting certificates , diplomas, associate degrees and (in some cases) bachelor's degrees . The French acronym specific to public institutions within Quebec 's particular system of pre-university and technical education

1890-522: The Australian Capital Territory , "college" refers to the final two years of high school (years 11 and 12), and the institutions which provide this. In this context, "college" is a system independent of the other years of high school. Here, the expression is a shorter version of matriculation college . In a number of Canadian cities, many government-run secondary schools are called "collegiates" or " collegiate institutes " (C.I.),

1960-528: The General Assembly Hall of the Church of Scotland . On the campuses of colleges and universities in the United States, assembly halls are sometimes found in multipurpose athletic buildings, where they share other uses, including as basketball courts . Examples are Assembly Hall (Bloomington) and (formerly) Assembly Hall (Champaign) . Hall Today, the (entrance) hall of a house

2030-562: The International Baccalaureate Diploma , or school-level qualifications such as GCSEs . In Singapore and India , this is known as a junior college . The municipal government of the city of Paris uses the phrase "sixth form college" as the English name for a lycée . In some national education systems, secondary schools may be called "colleges" or have "college" as part of their title. In Australia

2100-556: The Pontifical Catholic University of Chile incorporated the term "college" as the name of a tertiary education program as a bachelor's degree. The program features a Bachelor of Natural Sciences and Mathematics , a Bachelor of Social Science and a Bachelor of Arts and Humanities . It has the same system as the American universities , it combines majors and minors and finally, it let the students continue

2170-561: The Presidency College, Kolkata , also 1817, initially known as Hindu College. The first college for the study of Christian theology and ecumenical enquiry was Serampore College (1818). The first Missionary institution to impart Western style education in India was the Scottish Church College, Calcutta (1830). The first commerce and economics college in India was Sydenham College , Mumbai (1913). In India

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2240-630: The Royal College of Surgeons in England (originally the Guild of Surgeons Within the City of London), the College of Arms in London (a body of heralds enforcing heraldic law), an electoral college (to elect representatives); all groups of persons "selected in common" to perform a specified function and appointed by a monarch, founder or other person in authority. As for the modern "college of education", it

2310-463: The University of California, Berkeley , "colleges" are collections of academic programs and other units that share some common characteristics, mission, or disciplinary focus (the "college of engineering", the "college of nursing", and so forth). There exist other variants for historical reasons, including some uses that exist because of mergers and acquisitions; for example, Duke University , which

2380-498: The University of Michigan , University of California, San Diego and the University of California, Santa Cruz , each residential college teaches its own core writing courses and has its own distinctive set of graduation requirements. Many U.S. universities have placed increased emphasis on their residential colleges in recent years. This is exemplified by the creation of new colleges at Ivy League schools such as Yale University and Princeton University , and efforts to strengthen

2450-582: The Morrill Act have since become full universities, and some are among the elite of the world. Selection of a four-year college as compared to a two-year junior college, even by marginal students such as those with a C+ grade average in high school and SAT scores in the mid 800s, increases the probability of graduation and confers substantial economic and social benefits. In Bangladesh , educational institutions offering higher secondary ( 11th – 12th grade) education are known as colleges. In Hong Kong,

2520-905: The North Island, whereas "high schools" are more common in the South Island. In the Netherlands, "college" is equivalent to HBO (Higher professional education). It is oriented towards professional training with clear occupational outlook, unlike universities which are scientifically oriented. In South Africa, some secondary schools, especially private schools on the English public school model, have "college" in their title, including six of South Africa's Elite Seven high schools. A typical example of this category would be St John's College . Private schools that specialize in improving children's marks through intensive focus on examination needs are informally called "cram-colleges". In Sri Lanka

2590-413: The US can refer to a constituent part of a university (which can be a residential college , the sub-division of the university offering undergraduate courses, or a school of the university offering particular specialized courses), an independent institution offering bachelor's-level courses, or an institution offering instruction in a particular professional, technical or vocational field. In popular usage,

2660-505: The affiliated university. Also, some significant changes can pave way under the NEP (New Education Policy 2020) which may affect the present guidelines for universities and colleges. Implemented in the 2023–2024 academic year, the new education policy is said to fill the gaps and cover the drawbacks of the Indian education system . In Israel, any non-university higher-learning facility is called

2730-407: The appropriate Royal Charter . Examples at the University of Oxford are: In colleges of the universities of Oxford and Cambridge , the term "Hall" is also used for the dining hall for students, with High Table at one end for fellows. Typically, at " Formal Hall ", gowns are worn for dinner during the evening, whereas for "informal Hall" they are not. The medieval collegiate dining hall, with

2800-662: The authority of the central administration. Centralized universities that have adopted the collegiate model to a degree includes the University of British Columbia, with Green College and St. John's College ; and the Memorial University of Newfoundland , with Sir Wilfred Grenfell College . Occasionally, "college" refers to a subject specific faculty within a university that, while distinct, are neither federated nor affiliated —College of Education, College of Medicine, College of Dentistry, College of Biological Science among others. The Royal Military College of Canada

2870-417: The contribution of the residential colleges to student education, including through a 2016 taskforce at Princeton on residential colleges. The founders of the first institutions of higher education in the United States were graduates of the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge. The small institutions they founded would not have seemed to them like universities – they were tiny and did not offer

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2940-499: The equivalent of 39 percent of tuition and fees at a community college, and 14 percent of tuition and fees at a four-year public university. In addition to private colleges and universities, the U.S. also has a system of government funded, public universities . Many were founded under the Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Act of 1862. A movement had arisen to bring a form of more practical higher education to

3010-452: The first of many residential colleges that would grow up into a New Cambridge university. However, over time, few new colleges were founded there, and Harvard grew and added higher faculties. Eventually, it changed its title to university, but the term "college" had stuck and "colleges" have arisen across the United States. In U.S. usage, the word "college" not only embodies a particular type of school, but has historically been used to refer to

3080-420: The general concept of higher education when it is not necessary to specify a school, as in "going to college" or "college savings accounts" offered by banks. In a survey of more than 2,000 college students in 33 states and 156 different campuses, the U.S. Public Interest Research Group found the average student spends as much as $ 1,200 each year on textbooks and supplies alone. By comparison, the group says that's

3150-417: The hall for special functions. With time, its functions as dormitory , kitchen , parlour , and so on were divided into separate rooms or, in the case of the kitchen, a separate building. Until the early modern era that majority of the population lived in houses with a single room. In the 17th century, even lower classes began to have a second room, with the main chamber being the hall and the secondary room

3220-455: The higher degrees in medicine and theology. Furthermore, they were not composed of several small colleges. Instead, the new institutions felt like the Oxford and Cambridge colleges they were used to – small communities, housing and feeding their students, with instruction from residential tutors (as in the United Kingdom, described above). When the first students graduated, these "colleges" assumed

3290-436: The main room of a castle or manor house was the great hall . In a medieval building, the hall was where the fire was kept. As heating technology improved and a desire for privacy grew, tasks moved from the hall to other rooms. First, the master of the house withdrew to private bedrooms and eating areas. Over time servants and children also moved to their own areas, while work projects were also given their own chambers leaving

3360-432: The masses, as "...many politicians and educators wanted to make it possible for all young Americans to receive some sort of advanced education." The Morrill Act "...made it possible for the new western states to establish colleges for the citizens." Its goal was to make higher education more easily accessible to the citizenry of the country, specifically to improve agricultural systems by providing training and scholarship in

3430-655: The money via loans, and some students fund their educations with cash, scholarships, grants, or some combination of these payment methods. In 2011, the state or federal government subsidized $ 8,000 to $ 100,000 for each undergraduate degree. For state-owned schools (called "public" universities), the subsidy was given to the college, with the student benefiting from lower tuition. The state subsidized on average 50% of public university tuition. Colleges vary in terms of size, degree, and length of stay. Two-year colleges, also known as junior or community colleges , usually offer an associate degree , and four-year colleges usually offer

3500-406: The overarching university, with the overarching university being the institution that formally grants the degrees. For example, Trinity College was once an independent institution, but later became federated with the University of Toronto . Several centralized universities in Canada have mimicked the collegiate university model; although constituent colleges in a centralized university remains under

3570-406: The parlor. The hall and parlor house was found in England and was a fundamental, historical floor plan in parts of the United States from 1620 to 1860. In Europe, as the wealthy embraced multiple rooms initially the common form was the enfilade , with rooms directly connecting to each other. In 1597 John Thorpe is the first recorded architect to replace multiple connected rooms with rooms along

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3640-752: The pre-eminent government secondary school for boys in Melbourne is still named Melbourne High School . In Western Australia, South Australia and the Northern Territory , "college" is used in the name of all state high schools built since the late 1990s, and also some older ones. In New South Wales , some high schools, especially multi-campus schools resulting from mergers, are known as "secondary colleges". In Queensland some newer schools which accept primary and high school students are styled state college , but state schools offering only secondary education are called "State High School". In Tasmania and

3710-534: The production and sales of agricultural products, and to provide formal education in "...agriculture, home economics, mechanical arts, and other professions that seemed practical at the time." The act was eventually extended to allow all states that had remained with the Union during the American Civil War , and eventually all states, to establish such institutions. Most of the colleges established under

3780-544: The right to confer degrees upon them, usually with authority—for example, The College of William & Mary has a royal charter from the British monarchy allowing it to confer degrees while Dartmouth College has a charter permitting it to award degrees "as are usually granted in either of the universities, or any other college in our realm of Great Britain." The leaders of Harvard College (which granted America's first degrees in 1642) might have thought of their college as

3850-413: The start of free education in 1931 large group of central colleges were established to educate the rural masses. Since Sri Lanka gained Independence in 1948, many schools that have been established have been named as "college". As well as an educational institution, the term, in accordance with its etymology, may also refer to any formal group of colleagues set up under statute or regulation; often under

3920-1132: The term "college" in their names for historical reasons. In one unique case, Boston College and Boston University , the former located in Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts and the latter located in Boston, Massachusetts, are completely separate institutions. Usage of the terms varies among the states. In 1996, for example, Georgia changed all of its four-year institutions previously designated as colleges to universities, and all of its vocational technology schools to technical colleges . The terms "university" and "college" do not exhaust all possible titles for an American institution of higher education. Other options include "institute" ( Worcester Polytechnic Institute and Massachusetts Institute of Technology ), "academy" ( United States Military Academy ), "union" ( Cooper Union ), "conservatory" ( New England Conservatory ), and "school" ( Juilliard School ). In colloquial use, they are still referred to as "college" when referring to their undergraduate studies. The term college

3990-474: The term "college" is applied to any private or independent (non-government) primary and, especially, secondary school as distinct from a state school . Melbourne Grammar School , Cranbrook School, Sydney and The King's School, Parramatta are considered colleges. There has also been a recent trend to rename or create government secondary schools as "colleges". In the state of Victoria , some state high schools are referred to as secondary colleges , although

4060-417: The term 'college' is used by tertiary institutions as either part of their names or to refer to a constituent part of the university, such as the colleges in the collegiate The Chinese University of Hong Kong ; or to a residence hall of a university, such as St. John's College, University of Hong Kong . Many older secondary schools have the term 'college' as part of their names. The modern system of education

4130-511: The term can be used to refer to: A sixth form college or college of further education is an educational institution in England , Wales , Northern Ireland , Belize , the Caribbean , Malta , Norway , Brunei , and Southern Africa , among others, where students aged 16 to 19 typically study for advanced school-level qualifications, such as A-levels , BTEC , HND or its equivalent and

4200-424: The then college . In medieval origin, these were the halls in which the members of the university lived together during term time. In many cases, some aspect of this community remains. Some of these institutions are titled "Hall" instead of "College" because at the time of their foundation they were not recognised as colleges (in some cases because their foundation predated the existence of colleges) and did not have

4270-415: The undergraduate level, although advanced research may still occur at these institutions. While there is no national standard in the United States, the term "university" primarily designates institutions that provide undergraduate and graduate education . A university typically has as its core and its largest internal division an undergraduate college teaching a liberal arts curriculum, also culminating in

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4340-450: The university, formally referred to as federated college , or affiliated colleges. A university may also formally include several constituent colleges, forming a collegiate university . Examples of collegiate universities in Canada include Trent University , and the University of Toronto . These types of institutions act independently, maintaining their own endowments, and properties. However, they remain either affiliated, or federated with

4410-584: The word college in their names, despite formally being universities. However, most of these institutions were renamed, or re-branded in the early 21st century, omitting the word college from its name. The word college continues to be used in the names public separate secondary schools in Ontario. A number of independent schools across Canada also use the word college in its name. Public secular school boards in Ontario also refer to their secondary schools as collegiate institutes . However, usage of

4480-604: The word collegiate institute varies between school boards. Collegiate institute is the predominant name for secondary schools in Lakehead District School Board , and Toronto District School Board , although most school boards in Ontario use collegiate institute alongside high school , and secondary school in the names of their institutions. Similarly, secondary schools in Regina, and Saskatoon are referred to as Collegiate . Officially, since 2009,

4550-576: The word "college" (known as Vidyalaya in Sinhala ) normally refers to a secondary school, which usually signifies above the 5th standard. During the British colonial period a limited number of exclusive secondary schools were established based on English public school model ( Royal College Colombo , S. Thomas' College, Mount Lavinia , Trinity College, Kandy ) these along with several Catholic schools ( St. Joseph's College, Colombo , St Anthony's College ) traditionally carry their name as colleges. Following

4620-433: The word "college" in their names nevertheless. Some secondary schools elsewhere in the country, particularly ones within the separate school system, may also use the word "college" or "collegiate" in their names. In New Zealand the word "college" normally refers to a secondary school for ages 13 to 17 and "college" appears as part of the name especially of private or integrated schools. "Colleges" most frequently appear in

4690-544: The word "college" is the generic term for any post-secondary undergraduate education. Americans "go to college" after high school , regardless of whether the specific institution is formally a college or a university. Some students choose to dual-enroll, by taking college classes while still in high school. The word and its derivatives are the standard terms used to describe the institutions and experiences associated with American post-secondary undergraduate education. Students must pay for college before taking classes. Some borrow

4760-474: Was a body created for that purpose, for example Eton College was founded in 1440 by letters patent of King Henry VI for the constitution of a college of Fellows, priests, clerks, choristers, poor scholars, and old poor men, with one master or governor , whose duty it shall be to instruct these scholars and any others who may resort thither from any part of England in the knowledge of letters, and especially of grammar, without payment". Within higher education,

4830-675: Was called Trinity College until the 1920s, still calls its main undergraduate subdivision Trinity College of Arts and Sciences . Some American universities, such as Princeton , Rice , and Yale have established residential colleges (sometimes, as at Harvard , the first to establish such a system in the 1930s, known as houses) along the lines of Oxford or Cambridge. Unlike the Oxbridge colleges, but similarly to Durham , these residential colleges are not autonomous legal entities nor are they typically much involved in education itself, being primarily concerned with room, board, and social life. At

4900-428: Was heavily influenced by the British starting in 1835. In India, the term "college" is commonly reserved for institutions that offer high school diplomas at year 12 (" Junior College ", similar to American high schools ), and those that offer the bachelor's degree ; some colleges, however, offer programmes up to PhD level. Generally, colleges are located in different parts of a state and all of them are affiliated to

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