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36-627: Kiradu Mandir , Siwana Fort, Nakodaji , Viratra Vankal Mata Temple , Barmer , Barmer District is a district in Rajasthan state of India . It is located in the western part of Rajasthan state forming a part of the Thar Desert . Barmer is the third largest district by area in Rajasthan and fifth largest district in India , occupying an area of 28,387 km. Being in the western part of

72-403: A literacy rate of 56.53%. 6.98% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 16.76% and 6.77% of the population respectively. Languages of Barmer district (2011) At the time of the 2011 census, 61.14% of the population spoke Marwari , 32.93% Rajasthani , 2.83% Sindhi and 1.60% Hindi as their first language. People in the west of the district along

108-462: A tropical savanna climate or a humid subtropical climate . These climates tend to have hot, or sometimes extremely hot, summers and warm to cool winters, with some to minimal precipitation. Hot semi-arid climates are most commonly found around the fringes of subtropical deserts. Hot semi-arid climates are most commonly found in Africa , Australia , and South Asia . In Australia, a large portion of

144-423: A great warrior, established the present city of Barmer in 1552 AD and shifted his capital to Barmer from Juna. . Barmer is located in the western part of the state forming a part of the Thar Desert . The district borders Jaisalmer district in the north, Jalore district in the south, Pali district and Jodhpur district in the east, and Pakistan in the west. The district borders Tharpakar district of Sindh ,

180-469: A length of almost 500 km, it passes through Jalore and merges in the marshy land of Runn of Kutch. District headquarters is in the town of Barmer . The other major towns in the district are: Balotra , Guda Malani , Baytoo , Siwana , and Chohatan . Recently, a large onshore oil field has been discovered and made functional in Barmer district. Barmer is also famous for pomegranate . In earlier times,

216-434: A location has a semi-arid climate, the precipitation threshold must first be determined. The method used to find the precipitation threshold (in millimeters): If the area's annual precipitation in millimeters is less than the threshold but more than half or 50% the threshold, it is classified as a BS (steppe, semi-desert, or semi-arid climate). Furthermore, to delineate hot semi-arid climates from cold semi-arid climates,

252-409: A mean annual temperature of 18 °C (64.4 °F) is used as an isotherm. A location with a BS -type climate is classified as hot semi-arid ( BSh ) if its mean temperature is above this isotherm, and cold semi-arid ( BSk ) if not. Hot semi-arid climates (type "BSh") tend to be located from the high teens to mid-30s latitudes of the tropics and subtropics , typically in proximity to regions with

288-549: A total of 640 ). It is one of the twelve districts in Rajasthan currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). At the time of the 2011 census, the district had a population of 2,603,751. The district has a population density of 92 inhabitants per square kilometre (240/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 32.52%. Barmer has a sex ratio of 902 females for every 1000 males, and

324-439: Is a desert where average rainfall in a year is 277 mm. However, extreme rainfall of 549 mm rain between 16 and 25 August 2006 left many dead and huge losses due to flood in a nearby town Kawas and whole town submerged. As many as twenty new lakes formed, with six covering an area of over 10 km. Poorly planned and rapid urbanisation has increased Barmer's vulnerability to flash flooding. The local ecology and soil type

360-408: Is at the other end of the group, with only the highly carved columns of the mandapa still standing; Michell dates this a century earlier. In between these two are three Shiva temples in varied condition, with mostly only the sanctuaries remaining, and a stepwell . Inscriptions dated 1153-1178 CE have been found at Kiradu. Based on this, Indian historian Gaurishankar Ojha assigned the temples to

396-458: Is located at a height of around 140 m above plain land. Barmer is also famous for the cattle fair (Tilwara) which is organised every year. The place is also renowned for camel milk, hand block printing, woollen industries, carved wooden furniture and handicrafts. The major festival of the region is the Thar festival which is organised every year by the government to attract more and more tourists to

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432-563: Is located between 24,58' to 26, 32'N Latitudes and 70, 05' to 72, 52' E Longitudes. The longest river in the district is the Luni . It is 480 km in length and drain into the Gulf of Kutch passing through Jalore . The variation in temperature in various seasons is quite high owing to arid thar desert and sandy soil. In summers the temperature soars to 46 °C to 51 °C. In winters it drops to 0 °C (41 °F). Primarily Barmer district

468-455: Is not equipped to deal with sudden or excessive water accumulation, which causes short- and long-term damage. Other areas suffer the gradual effects of 'invisible disasters', which also threaten the lives and livelihoods of the locals. The climate is hot semi arid (Koppen: BSh). In 2016 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Barmer one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of

504-412: Is one of the biggest cattle fair of India. Barmer is famous for its historic monuments and the temples which are located in the region. Barmer city houses number of such temples which attract tourists from all over the country. The city is very famous for the temple of Goddess Jagdamba . It is an ancient temple and the archaeologists suggest that the temple is as old as 500 years. The Jagdambe Mata temple

540-536: Is the best-preserved structure. Epigraphic evidence suggests that the temples were constructed during the 11-12th century by the vassals of the Chalukya (Solanki) monarchs. The remains of at least five temples have been discovered at Kiradu. Of these, the Someshvara temple, nearest to the road, is in the most complete condition. Its surviving parts are sufficient to reconstruct the original temple design, although

576-755: The ABC Islands , the rain shadows of Hispaniola 's mountain ranges in the Dominican Republic and Haiti , parts of the Southwestern United States including California's Central Valley , and sections of South America such as the sertão , the Gran Chaco , and the poleward side of the arid deserts, where they typically feature a Mediterranean precipitation pattern, with generally rainless summers and wetter winters. They are also found in few areas of Europe surrounding

612-797: The Ghurids led by Muhammad of Ghor , who were defeated by the Chaulukya forces at the Battle of Kasahrada . Semi arid A more precise definition is given by the Köppen climate classification , which treats steppe climates ( BSh and BSk ) as intermediates between desert climates (BW) and humid climates (A, C, D) in ecological characteristics and agricultural potential. Semi-arid climates tend to support short, thorny or scrubby vegetation and are usually dominated by either grasses or shrubs as they usually cannot support forests. To determine if

648-599: The Mediterranean Basin . In Europe, BSh climates are predominantly found in southeastern Spain . It can also be found primarily in parts of south Greece but also in marginal areas of Thessaloniki and Chalkidiki in north Greece , most of Formentera , marginal areas of Ibiza and marginal areas of Italy in Sicily , Sardinia and Lampedusa . Cold semi-arid climates (type "BSk") tend to be located in elevated portions of temperate zones generally from

684-523: The Outback surrounding the central desert regions lies within the hot semi-arid climate region. In South Asia, both India and parts of Pakistan experience the seasonal effects of monsoons and feature short but well-defined wet seasons , but are not sufficiently wet overall to qualify as either a tropical savanna or a humid subtropical climate. Hot semi-arid climates can be also found in parts of North America , such as most of northern Mexico ,

720-427: The shikhara has collapsed and the mandapa is missing most of its roof. The walls and columns are highly decorated with sculptures, including figures of animals and humans, which mostly remain in place. The mandapa columns form an octagonal shape. The art historian Percy Brown termed the architecture style as " Solanki mode". Today the style is more often called Māru-Gurjara architecture . The Vishnu temple

756-472: The 12th century CE. Art historians Ratna Chandra Agrawala and Stella Kramrisch have also dated the Someshvara temple to the 12th century. However, art historians Madhusudan Dhaky and Percy Brown dated the temple to the 11th century CE. More recently, Michell dates the Someshvara temple precisely to 1020, and the Vishnu temple to the early 10th century. Kiradu was originally known as Kiratakupa. During

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792-587: The 12th century, it was controlled by several small dynasties, which ruled as vassals of the Chaulukyas . Someshvara, who belonged to a Paramara branch , rose to prominence in the 1140s CE after gaining favour of the Chaulukya rulers Jayasimha Siddharaja and Kumarapala . In the 1150s, the Naddula Chahamana ruler Alhana (also a Chaulukya vassal) seems to have been appointed as a governor of Kiradu, as attested by an 1152 CE inscription. The area

828-591: The Air Force runway, and Barmer will be connected with air service. Kiradu temples The Kiradu temples are a group of ruined Hindu temples located in the Barmer district of Rajasthan , India . Kiradu town is located in the Thar desert , about 35 km from Barmer and 157 km from Jaisalmer . The ruins of at least five temples exist at Kiradu. Of these, the Someshvara temple, dedicated to Shiva ,

864-420: The Barmer district came into the news due to its large Oil basin. The British exploration company Cairn Energy is going to start the production soon in the year 2009 on the large scale. Mangala , Bhagyam and Aishwariya are the major oil fields in the district. This is India's biggest oil discovery in 22 years. Cairn works in partnership with state owned Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC). Cairn holds 70% in

900-717: The Muslim Dholis (drummers) for most of whom this is the only means of livelihood. Langas and Manganiars are the some of these communities. People speak mostly Rajasthani , while Hindi is the official language here. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 16.8% and 6.8% of the population respectively. Barmer is known for its carved wooden furniture and hand block printing industry. Mallinath cattle fair - It takes place every year during month of April. The fair takes place in Tilwara , an area also known for archaeological discoveries, and goes on for two weeks. This fair

936-658: The Western Sector during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 , fought between assaulting Pakistani forces and Indian defenders at the border post of Longewala . In March 2024, the government gave the Barmer district collector free land to build a civil airport near the Uttarlai Air Force Station. The government also approved 65 acres of land for the airport. The terminal will be built on 7.10 bigha of land near Uttarlai. Flights will start from

972-488: The border with Pakistan speak Dhatki , a mix of Marwari and Sindhi. Barmer district is part of the Great Indian Desert or Thar Desert. Like all other districts in the desert region, Barmer is known for its folk music and dance. The Bhopas (priest singers) are found in Barmer, who compose music in honour of the deities of the region and its war heroes. The other folk musicians come from a community called

1008-461: The district was known as Malani, in the name of Rawal Mallinath Rathore (मल्लिनाथ). Rawal Mallinath was the son of Rao Salkha and Rawal Mallinath is cultural, philanthropical and religious icon in Barmer, He is worshiped as God by local peoples. The whole area around the river Luni was said to have Malani (मलानी), derived from the name Mallinath. Present name of Barmer is derived from its founder ruler Bahada Rao or Bar Rao Parmar (Juna Barmer), it

1044-471: The district with the largest population of Hindus in Pakistan. now the district of barmer has been divided into two with formation of Balotra on 7 August 2023. The total area of the district is 28,387 square kilometres (10,960 sq mi). After Jaisalmer district and Bikaner district , it is the third largest district of Rajasthan. It is also the fifth largest district in the country. The district

1080-410: The field, while state-run ONGC holds the remaining 30%. In March 2010, Cairn increased oil potential from this field to 6.5 billion barrels of oil – from an earlier estimate of 4 billion barrels. Uttarlai military airbase is situated in Barmer district, Uttarlai is India's first under ground airbase. The Battle of Longewala (4 December 1971 – 5 December 1971) was one of the first major engagements in

1116-525: The mid-30s to low 50s latitudes, typically bordering a humid continental climate or a Mediterranean climate . They are also typically found in continental interiors some distance from large bodies of water. Cold semi-arid climates usually feature warm to hot dry summers, though their summers are typically not quite as hot as those of hot semi-arid climates. Unlike hot semi-arid climates, areas with cold semi-arid climates tend to have cold and possibly freezing winters. These areas usually see some snowfall during

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1152-593: The region. The festival is organised in the month of March every year. Barmer \is the headquarters of the district, which is the principal town also, for the administrative purposes. The district is divided into 4 sub-divisions viz, Barmer , Balotra , Sheo and Guda Malani . The total of 2,160 villages in Barmer District come under Seventeen Panchayat Samitis . Once known as "kala pani" where government employees were sent on punishment postings because of its desert, water problems, and border area. In 2009,

1188-505: The state, it includes a part of the Thar Desert. Jaisalmer is to the north of this district while Jalore is in its south. Pali and Jodhpur form its eastern border and it shares a border with Pakistan in the west. Partially being a desert, this district has a large variation in temperature. The temperature in summer can rise up to 51 °C and falls near to 0 °C in winter. Luni is the longest river in Barmer district. After travelling

1224-796: The winter, though snowfall is much lower than at locations at similar latitudes with more humid climates. Areas featuring cold semi-arid climates tend to have higher elevations than areas with hot semi-arid climates, and tend to feature major temperature swings between day and night, sometimes by as much as 20 °C (36 °F) or more. These large diurnal temperature variations are seldom seen in hot semi-arid climates. Cold semi-arid climates at higher latitudes tend to have dry winters and wetter summers, while cold semi-arid climates at lower latitudes tend to have precipitation patterns more akin to Mediterranean climates , with dry summers, relatively wet winters, and even wetter springs and autumns. Cold semi-arid climates are most commonly found in central Asia and

1260-462: Was named Bahadamer ("The Hill Fort of Bahada"). He built a small town which is presently known as "Juna" which is 25 km from present city of Barmer. After Parmer's, Rawat Luka -Grand Son of Rawal Mallinath , establish their kingdom in Juna Barmer with help of his brother Rawal Mandalak. They defeated Parmers of Juna & made it their capital. Thereafter, his descendant, Rawat Bhima, who was

1296-567: Was restored to Someshvara by the 1160s. Sometime later, the Chaulukyas transferred the control of Kiradu to Madanabrahma, who came from a Chahamana family. Madanabrahma's successor was probably Asala, who was defeated by Alhana's son Kirtipala . An 1178 CE Kiradu inscription, issued during the reign of the Chaulukya monarch Bhima II , records repairs to a temple damaged by the Turushkas (Turkic people). These Turushkas are identified with

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