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67-666: Following the 1969 season, the Northwest League decided to expand from four teams to six teams. Coos Bay-North Bend and Bend were the two locations to receive franchises. The Hawaii Islanders, a loose affiliate of the California Angels playing at the Triple A level, sought to leverage their extensive fan base and success in recent years to make the move to the MLB . Islander's President Jack Quinn believed that legitimizing

134-618: A Bon-Macy's . Bon-Macy's parent company, Federated Department Stores , rebranded all of its subsidiaries to Macy's , which operated in the Liberty building until 2020. In 1927, the Real Estate Improvement Company of Seattle invested $ 300,000 toward the construction of the Marcus Whitman Hotel . The 174-room hotel was designed by Sherwood D. Ford and opened in 1928. It fell into disrepair in

201-636: A proclamation making the third Saturday of September " Adam West Day", to honor the actor, who was born and raised in the city. In 2020, the event was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic , but the organizers announced that the city approved the erection of a statue in West's honor and a GoFundMe fundraiser to cover the costs of the statue. The statue will be placed in Menlo Park on Alvarado Terrace, part of Historic Downtown Walla Walla. Walla Walla

268-454: A change to council-manager, but on November 4, 1959, the city's residents voted to adopt the government form. Walla Walla's second movie theater , American Theater, opened in 1917 showing The Law of Compensation , a Selznick Pictures film starring Norma Talmadge . The theater later was sold and renamed to Liberty, and eventually became a department store around the 1930s. In 1990, became Walla Walla's first privately renovated building as

335-521: A male householder with no wife present, and 40.8% were other forms of households. 33.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.10. The median age in the city was 34.4 years. 22% of residents were under the age of 18; 14.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.2% were from 25 to 44; 23.1% were from 45 to 64; and 14% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of

402-570: A museum about the early settlers' lives. Growth in the region was limited due to a ban on immigration to the area due to the constant warring with the natives from the Department of the Pacific 's General John Ellis Wool , who was sympathetic to the natives. In 1858, the department was split, leaving Washington territory under the command of General William S. Harney , who lifted the ban on October 31, 1858. Thousands of pioneers swarmed to

469-524: A neighborhood referred to as " Chinatown ". The Chinese settlers mainly worked in commerce, mining, and railroad contracts. After Mullan was unable to lobby the state to make Walla Walla a major railroad stop, and a fire in Chinatown destroyed most of the neighborhood, the immigrants left to find work elsewhere, including Eng Ah King , who was informally known as the "mayor of Chinatown" for revitalizing Seattle's Chinatown . In 1886, while Washington

536-445: A population of 34,060 at the 2020 census , estimated to have decreased to 33,339 as of 2023. The combined population of the city and its two suburbs, the town of College Place and unincorporated Walla Walla East , is about 45,000. Walla Walla is in the southeastern region of Washington, approximately four hours away from Portland, Oregon , and four and a half hours from Seattle . It is located only 6 mi (10 km) north of

603-597: A resurgence of Walla Walla's viticulture . In 1997, Gary Johnson founded the first brewery in Walla Walla since prohibition, Mill Creek Brewpub. In 2001, Walla Walla was a Great American Main Street Award winner for the transformation and preservation of its once dilapidated main street. In July 2011, USA Today selected Walla Walla as the friendliest small city in the United States. Walla Walla

670-604: A revival. The first hops farms since prohibition were planted in 2018, and in 2019, Washington State Department of Corrections announced a plan to bring a vineyard and hopyard to Washington State Penitentiary, along with agricultural science education to prepare inmates for careers in the field. The program would offer inmates state-wide minimum wages, a practice only legally enforced by state law at private institutions. The city hosted its first beer festival in February 2020. In 2017, and annually, Walla Walla's mayor signed

737-555: A second season. As a result, the Islanders refused to commit to Bend unless they could get enough players loaned from other minor league teams to allow the Rainbows to turn a profit. On May 1, 1971, just over a month before the 1971 Northwest League season was set to begin, Quinn called Rainbows General Manager Ward Goodrich to let him know that the Rainbows would be returning to Bend. Because of Charlie Silvera's departure to coach in

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804-530: A team owned by his father, in 1974. The Rainbows played their home games at Municipal Ball Park in the south end of Bend, today's Vince Genna Stadium . Vince Genna was the director of Bend's Parks & Recreation Department and as such was instrumental in bringing the Rainbows to Bend. The stadium was renamed in 1972, just one year after the Rainbows departure. 44°02′35″N 121°17′56″W  /  44.043°N 121.299°W  / 44.043; -121.299 Northwest League The Northwest League

871-548: Is Nez Perce for "Place of Many Waters", because the original settlement was at the junction of the Snake and Columbia rivers. Tourists to Walla Walla are often told that it is a "town so nice they named it twice". The slogan was coined by Al Jolson , who had visited the city in the early 1900s in The Keylor Grand Theater. He had also said the same of New York, New York . The quote referring to Walla Walla

938-539: Is a Minor League Baseball league that operates in the Northwestern United States and Western Canada . A Class A Short Season league for most of its history, the league was promoted to High-A as part of Major League Baseball 's 2021 reorganization of the minor leagues. The league operated as the High-A West in 2021, then resumed its original moniker in 2022. The Northwest League (or

1005-580: The Detroit Tigers minor league system, Cecil was named player/manager for the 1971 season. In an attempt to drum up more interest in the team for the 1971 season, Goodrich signed actor Kurt Russell . The 20 year old Russell had previously played in highly competitive semi-pro leagues in Los Angeles and was looking to test his skills in the minor leagues. Russell chose the Rainbows over other offers from teams with major league affiliations because

1072-748: The Northwestern League ) has existed in various forms since 1890, and has been in its current incarnation since 1955. The current NWL is the descendant of the Western International League (WIL), a Class B league from 1937 to 1951 (with a stoppage during World War II) and Class A from 1952 to 1954. The league reformed as the Northwest League and dropped to Class B for the 1955 season. The WIL had ten teams in its final season, with four in Canada. In 1955,

1139-656: The Oregon border. Walla Walla's history starts in 1806 when the Lewis and Clark expedition encountered the Walawalałáma (Walla Walla people) near the mouth of Walla Walla River . Other inhabitants of the valley included the Liksiyu (Cayuse), Imatalamłáma (Umatilla), and Niimíipu (Nez Perce) indigenous peoples. In 1818, Fort Walla Walla (originally Fort Nez Percés ), a fur trading outpost run by Hudson's Bay Company (HBC),

1206-675: The Philadelphia Phillies before the season. Cecil was credited with the first win for the Rainbows, a 10-9 extra innings win against the Tri-City Padres . Despite their high attendance in comparison to other Northwest League teams, the Rainbows lost over $ 10,000 in their first season in Bend. After the 1970 season it was unclear if the Rainbows would return to Bend for another season. The Islanders were not interested in losing money while operating their minor league team for

1273-727: The Rocky Mountains into the Pacific Northwest , tied Walla Walla to more mining opportunities, and after gold was discovered in 1860, the area became the outfitting point for the Oro Fino, Idaho mines. The nearest part of the road followed the modern approximate path from Spokane to Walla Walla via Interstate 90 , U.S. Route 195 , and U.S. Route 12 . The population swelled due to the gold rush , resulting in an unsuccessful proposal to Congress to split Walla Walla from Washington into its own territory. Walla Walla

1340-580: The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 for price-fixing grapes. Welch's bought Church from Kelly in 1952. In 1936, Walla Walla and surrounding areas were struck by the magnitude 6.1 State Line earthquake . Residents reported hearing a moderate rumbling immediately before the shock. There was significant damage in the area, and aftershocks were felt for several months following. in the 1970s and 1980s, Leonetti Cellar, Woodward Canyon, L'Ecole 41, Waterbrook Winery and Seven Hills Winery pioneered

1407-648: The Whitman Mission . A deep distrust of the settlers was cultivated between the Cayuse and the settlers as the Whitmans struggled to convert the natives, failed to fulfill promises, and shifted their focus to whites passing through along the Oregon Trail . In 1847, following a deadly measles outbreak, and reports of the Whitmans poisoning the Cayuse, the Whitmans were warned to leave the area because of

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1474-598: The 1880s. During the 1860s, the city established its first businesses and community gathering spaces, a number of which served as the first in Pacific Northwest. The city's first newspaper was one of the first between Missouri and the Cascades , the Washington Statesman , was founded in 1861 . The first bank, Baker Boyer Bank , was the first in the state, was founded in 1869 by one of

1541-414: The 1960s, until it was restored in 1999 and reopened in 2001. As of March 2022 , the hotel was still open. Mill Creek overflowed into Walla Walla and College Place on March 31, 1931, causing $ 1 million in damages. Community volunteers jury-rigged makeshift levees to divert water from buildings during the cleanup which cost roughly $ 100,000. The United States Army Corps of Engineers built

1608-785: The 1971 season and were named the Walla Walla Islanders ,. The Bend franchise was sold and moved to Seattle , becoming the Rainiers. The Northwest League returned to Bend in 1978 with the Timber Hawks for one season, then continued through 1994, with the Phillies (1979–86), Bucks (1987–91), and Rockies (1992–94). Today, the Bend Elks , a collegiate wood bat baseball team in the West Coast League , play at

1675-479: The 2020 season was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic before ultimately being cancelled on June 30. As part of Major League Baseball's 2021 reorganization of the minor leagues, the Northwest League was promoted to High-A, reduced to six teams, and renamed the "High-A West" for the 2021 season. The two dropped teams were the Boise Hawks and Salem-Keizer Volcanoes . Following MLB's acquisition of

1742-554: The Cayuse custom of killing medicine men whose patients died. They refused to leave, and were killed by the Cayuse, along with 12 others . The site was later designated as Whitman National Monument, a National Historic Site . Catholic missionaries also arrived in the 1840s, and the Catholic ceremonies resonated with the tribe. On July 24, 1846, Pope Pius IX established the Diocese of Walla Walla. Augustin-Magloire Blanchet

1809-657: The Columbia River about 30 miles (50 km) west of town. The city lies in the rain shadow of the Cascade Mountains, so annual precipitation is fairly low. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 12.84 square miles (33.26 km ), of which 12.81 square miles (33.18 km ) is land and 0.03 square miles (0.08 km ) is water. Walla Walla has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate according to

1876-706: The Great Grape are a few crops with a rich tradition. Over a century ago on the Island of Corsica , off the west coast of Italy, a French soldier named Peter Pieri found an Italian sweet onion seed and brought it to the Walla Walla Valley. Impressed by the new onion's winter hardiness, Pieri, and the Italian immigrant farmers who comprised much of Walla Walla's gardening industry, harvested the seed. The sweet onion developed over several generations through

1943-399: The Islanders and by players loaned from other minor league teams. The Islanders sought to get as many players loaned to the Rainbows as possible because loaned players were paid by their parent club as opposed to being paid by the Islanders, keeping the costs of operating the Rainbows to a minimum. The 1970 roster was highlighted by Bend native and relief pitcher Ed Cecil, who was purchased from

2010-483: The Islanders as a potential Major League team began with establishing a farm system. Quinn secured an agreement with the Northwest League to operate the Bend franchise as an affiliate of the Hawaii Islanders. Over 90 different names were submitted for consideration for the team's mascot. The name "Rainbows" was submitted by Mrs. Dennis Huntley of Prineville, Oregon . The name was chosen due to its connection to

2077-591: The Köppen climate classification system ( Köppen : Csa ; Trewartha : Doak ). It is one of the northernmost locations in North America to qualify as having such a climate. In contrast to most other locations having this climate type in North America, Walla Walla can experience fairly cold winter conditions, though they are still relatively mild for its latitude and inland location. As of the 2020 census , there were 34,060 people and 12,414 householders residing in

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2144-690: The Mill Creek Dam and Bennington Lake in response to the disaster. The dam and lake were instrumental in preventing damage from flooding in 1964, 1996, and 2020. During the Great Depression , a Canadian import duty cut off the main market for Walla Walla's fresh agriculture. John Grant Kelly, who owned the Walla Walla Union-Bulletin at the time, opened the area's first cannery , Walla Walla Canning Company. In 1939, Walla Walla produced roughly $ 5 million of

2211-484: The Northwest League was formed, with seven charter teams: Salem Senators , Eugene Emeralds , Yakima Bears , Spokane Indians , Tri-City Braves , Wenatchee Chiefs , and Lewiston Broncs . The league switched to the short season schedule in 1966; between then and 1982, the NWL fluctuated between four, six, and eight clubs. In 1983, the league returned to an eight-team circuit, which it maintained through 2019. The start of

2278-488: The Rainbows would allow him to continue his acting career while other teams wanted him to focus on baseball immediately. Additionally, Russell's dad Bing Russell and Goodrich were old friends. When asked about his goals in both acting and baseball, Russell replied that he wanted to be the first Academy Award winner to make the Major Leagues. Russell missed the first road trip of the 1971 season as he finished filming

2345-499: The Russian-German immigrants is known as "Germantown" or "Russische Ecke (Russian Corner)" to locals, referring to the creek that runs through it as "Little Volga ". The area around Walla Walla College eventually incorporated as its own city, College Place, Washington . German immigrants also grew hops and the city was home to several breweries. By the 1890s, wine, beer, liquor , and tobacco taxes accounted for 90% of

2412-528: The Walla Walla Library Association. The city also had one of the region's first breweries , Emil Meyer's City Brewery, that also served as a bakery . Downtown also hosted a post office , several hotels, restaurants, a bathhouse and shaving saloon , a liquor store , a drugstore , and several manufactories. During the gold rush, large populations of Chinese settlers arrived in the city from Portland, Oregon , creating

2479-414: The area, creating a burgeoning farming and mining community. On March 15, 1859, Walla Walla county held its first county commission and election in the community's first church, St. Patrick's Church , which still serves as the city's parish. Following the ratification of the Walla Walla treaty, the commission voted to name the settlement Walla Walla, on November 17, 1859 and the military carried out

2546-564: The city was 51.9% male and 48.1% female. As of the 2000 census , there were 29,686 people, 10,596 households, and 6,527 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,744.9 people per square mile (1,059.3/km ). There were 11,400 housing units at an average density of 1,054.1 per square mile (406.8/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 83.79% White, 2.58% African American, 1.05% Native American, 1.24% Asian, 0.23% Pacific Islander , 8.26% from other races , and 2.85% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 17.42% of

2613-543: The city's first council members , Dorsey Syng Baker and his brother-in-law John Franklin Boyer , and as of March 2022, still served as the oldest bank in state. The Pioneer Meat Market, run by partners John Dooley and William Kirkman, was opened during this time and remained there until they sold it to Christopher Ennis in 1882 and founded the Walla Walla Dressed Meat Company. One of

2680-583: The city's revenue, but the alcohol industries died out with Prohibition in the United States . As the city became dependent on its wheat production, merchants in the town financed a railroad to Wallula, Washington , to connect Walla Walla to the Columbia River , completed in 1875. In 1911, Walla Walla adopted a mayor–council government referred to as a "commission" form of government. In 1954, after Sunnyside, Washington adopted another form of government, council–manager government , voted down

2747-399: The city. The population density was 2,478.1 inhabitants per square mile (956.8/km ). As of the 2010 census , there were 31,731 people, 11,537 households, and 6,834 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,477.0 inhabitants per square mile (956.4/km ). There were 12,514 housing units at an average density of 976.9 per square mile (377.2/km ). The racial makeup of the city

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2814-618: The country's $ 30 million canned green pea industry, and TIME magazine referred to Kelly as the "Father of Peas". Kelly also owned Church Grape Juice Company, a concord grape farm in Kennewick, Washington . Workers went on strike for better wages in September 1949, and Kelly had two employees arrested for speaking to the Tri-City Herald . Church was one of four juice companies in the region to be charged with violations of

2881-435: The division and the presence of Russell, the Rainbows experienced a drop in attendance in 1971, worsening the financial strain that the team was already under. Equipment and travel costs proved to be too much for the team to cover even though they did not have to pay for the salaries of the majority of their players, many of whom were loaned. Citing financial concerns, the Islanders shifted their affiliation to Walla Walla after

2948-503: The first brick buildings in the city was also Walla Walla's first store, Schwabacher Brothers Store on Main street, which served as the city's grocer, builder supply, and clothes shop. Sigmond Schwabacher, one of the brothers, also served in the city's council. The city's first book store was opened in 1864, and an academic community formed around the city's book collection as the Calliopean Society and later incorporated as

3015-409: The following year the natives agreed to surrender millions of acres of land for a native reservation and $ 150,000. The Umatilla Indian Reservation 's boundaries eventually shrunk to less than 200,000 acres (81,000 ha). The Walla Walla treaty remained unratified for four years, during which time the conflict between the natives and settlers was increasing due to frontiersmen encroaching on

3082-423: The forced displacement of the remaining natives, under the threat of hanging . On December 20, 1859, the first educational charter was granted to Whitman Seminary, a high school, which opened on October 15, 1866. In 1882, the institution's name was changed to Whitman College , and the legislature issued a new educational charter as a four-year private college. The Mullan Road , the first wagon road to cross

3149-412: The gold rush died out, the city developed into an agricultural center referred to as the "cradle of Pacific Northwest history", and the "garden city", a popular source for onions , apples , peas , and wine grapes . Italian settlers from Lonate Pozzolo and Calabria regions formed the core of the gardening industry, and settled in neighborhoods known as "Blalock" and the "South Ninth". One of

3216-400: The last three decades. In summer 2020, there were over 120 wineries in the greater Walla Walla area. Following the wine boom, the town has developed several fine dining establishments and luxury hotels. The Marcus Whitman Hotel , originally opened in 1928, was renovated with original fixtures and furniture. It is the tallest building in the city, at 13 stories. The Walla Walla Sweet Onion and

3283-537: The league. Eugene is the most-tenured city in the NWL, having fielded a team in all but five of the NWL's seasons (from 1969–73, they had a PCL franchise). Eight alumni of the Northwest League are enshrined in the Baseball Hall of Fame : Walla Walla, Washington Walla Walla ( / ˌ w ɑː l ə ˈ w ɑː l ə / WAH -lə WAH -lə ) is a city in and the county seat of Walla Walla County, Washington , United States. It had

3350-475: The main contributions of the Italians to Walla Walla commerce was their vineyards , and soon after, wine tasting rooms, the first two opened in the 1880s by Frank Orselli and Pasquale Saturno . The Italian Walla Walla population was also responsible for growing Washington State's official vegetable, the Walla Walla sweet onion . It was the technique of dryland farming , though, that made Walla Walla

3417-479: The movie Now You See Him, Now You Don't . After joining the team in time for their home opener, Russell played the rest of the season for the Rainbows, batting .285 with one home run while starting at second base for the team. Because of his solid play, Russell was named a Northwest League All-Star Future Milwaukee Brewers and Chicago Cubs manager Tom Treblehorn also played for the team in both years of its existence. Despite finishing first in their half of

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3484-405: The population. There were 10,596 households, of which 30.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.4% were married couples living together, 11.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.4% were other forms of households. 31.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

3551-512: The promised reservation and the Walla Walla and Umatilla peoples' refusal to move to the Umatilla Indian Reservation. The United States Army established a presence in a series of military forts beginning in 1856. A community named "Steptoeville" grew around Fort Walla Walla , named for Lieutenant Colonel Edward Steptoe , and later his name was bestowed upon Steptoe, Washington . The fort has since been restored with

3618-662: The region's breadbasket known for its wheat exports. The cultivating of grains brought hundreds of Seventh-day Adventists (SDA) to the city, building Walla Walla College and the Walla Walla Sanitarium . The SDA population was followed by hundreds of Volga Germans , whose Old Lutheran and Mennonite religions were connected to SDA in Prussia . The immigrants had relied on dryland farming of wheat crops in Volgograd, Russia . The neighborhood built around

3685-465: The rights to the names of the historical minor leagues, the High-A West was renamed the Northwest League in 2022. League champions have been determined by different means since the Northwest League's formation in 1955. Except for 1956, 1960, and from 1966 to 1973, all seasons have ended with playoffs to determine a league champion. The Spokane Indians have won 9 championships, the most in

3752-546: The same stadium as the Rainbows did and carry on the tradition of baseball in Bend. Russell played for Walla Walla during the 1972 season and was moved up to the Double-A El Paso Sun Kings in 1973. Russell tore his rotator cuff in a collision while playing for El Paso and was forced to retire from baseball. He also made a brief appearance at designated hitter for the Portland Mavericks ,

3819-550: The teams's Hawaiian parent club and as an homage to the abundant rainbow trout in the Bend area. The Rainbows named former Major League catcher Charlie Silvera their manager for the 1970 season. During his career in the Major League Silvera won 6 World Series titles with the New York Yankees , serving as the backup catcher to Yogi Berra . The Rainbows roster was filled out by both players owned by

3886-445: Was $ 31,855, and the median income for a family was $ 40,856. Men had a median income of $ 31,753 versus $ 23,889 for women. The per capita income for the city was $ 15,792. About 13.1% of families and 18.0% of the population were below the poverty line , including 22.8% of those under the age of 18 and 10.5% of those aged 65 and older. Though wheat is still a significant crop, vineyards and wineries have become economically important over

3953-406: Was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.08. In the city, 21.8% of the population was under the age of 18, 14.2% was from 18 to 24, 26.5% from 25 to 44, 17.5% from 45 to 64, and 20.1% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 108.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 109.1 males. The median income for a household in the city

4020-449: Was 81.6% White , 2.7% African American , 1.3% Native American , 1.4% Asian , 0.3% Pacific Islander , 9.1% from other races , and 3.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 22.0% of the population. There were 11,537 households, of which 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.6% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.7% had

4087-740: Was also named Friendliest Small Town in America the same year as part of Rand McNally's annual Best of the Road contest. In 2012 and 2013, Walla Walla was a runner-up in the best food category for the Best of the Road. Downtown Walla Walla was awarded a Great Places in America Great Neighborhood designation in 2012 by the American Planning Association . In the 2010s, Walla Walla's brewery industry experienced

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4154-662: Was appointed the first Bishop of Walla Walla, but fled shortly after the Whitman massacre. The Diocese of Walla Walla is now a titular see held by Witold Mroziewski , an auxiliary bishop of Brooklyn, New York . In 1855, the Walla Walla Treaty Council was held at Waiilatpu between the Washington Territorial Assembly and the tribal leaders of the surrounding area. Despite the indigenous people citing Tamanwit (natural law),

4221-577: Was established and operated as an important stopping point in Oregon Country . Abandoned in 1855, it is now underwater behind the McNary Dam . On October 16, 1836, after news of a Nez Perce expedition to learn about Christianity and a deal was brokered between the Cayuse people for the use of the Waiilatpu region, Calvinist missionaries Marcus and Narcissa Whitman established

4288-400: Was in The Jolson Story , a musical about the entertainer's life. Some locals and Walla Walla natives often refer to the city in text form with "W2". Walla Walla is located in the Walla Walla Valley, with the rolling Palouse hills to the north and the Blue Mountains to the east of town. Various creeks meander through town before combining to become the Walla Walla River, which drains into

4355-428: Was incorporated on January 11, 1862. The first election was held on April 1, 1862, and Judge Elias Bean Whitman , Marcus Whitman's cousin, was elected as the city's first mayor. The population exploded over the following decade, increasing by 300%, making it the most populous city in the territory, slating it to be the capital until cities surpassed it again, after it was bypassed by the transcontinental rail lines in

4422-423: Was lobbying for statehood, local business man Levi Ankeny donated 160 acres of land to the city to serve as the site of a new prison. Legislators approved the site, and in 1887, the state began transferring prisoners to the Washington Territorial Prison from Saatco Prison , a privately owned facility that was shut down in 1888 because of its poor living conditions. The first inmate was a local, William Murphy, who

4489-453: Was serving an 18-year sentence for manslaughter . There have been many prison escapes attempted in the prison's history. In 1887, the prison took in its first woman inmate, and had to improvise accommodations until a separate facility was built nearby. When Washington became a state in 1889, the facility officially became the Washington State Penitentiary, but inmates nicknamed it "The Hill", "The Joint", "The Walls", and "The Pen". As

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