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67-612: The Big Mac is a hamburger sold by the international fast food restaurant chain McDonald's . It was introduced in the Greater Pittsburgh area in 1967 and across the United States in 1968. It is one of the company's flagship products and signature dishes . The Big Mac contains two beef patties, cheese, shredded lettuce, pickles, minced onions, and a Thousand Island -type dressing advertised as "special sauce", on

134-500: A chicken sandwich because the meat is not ground, whereas in other countries, anything with a bun is considered a burger and a sandwich has sliced bread. Versions of the meal have been served for over a century, but its origins still need to be discovered. The 1758 edition of the book The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy by Hannah Glasse included a recipe called "Hamburgh sausage", suggesting that it should be served "roasted with toasted bread under it." A similar snack

201-528: A chicken burger uses ground chicken meat. A buffalo burger uses ground meat from a bison , and an ostrich burger is made from ground seasoned ostrich meat. A deer burger uses ground venison from deer . Vegetarian and vegan burgers can be formed from a meat analogue , a meat substitute such as tofu , TVP , seitan (wheat gluten), quorn , beans, grains or an assortment of vegetables, ground up and mashed into patties. Vegetable patties have existed in various Eurasian cuisines for millennia and are

268-521: A "special sauce", often a variation of Thousand Island dressing , and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns . A hamburger patty topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger . Under some definitions, and in some cultures, a burger is considered a sandwich . Hamburgers are typically associated with fast-food restaurants and diners but are also sold at various other restaurants, including more expensive high-end establishments. There are many international and regional variations of hamburgers. Some of

335-403: A YouTube video revealing the recipe of the sauce. It consists of store-bought mayonnaise , sweet pickle relish and yellow mustard whisked together with vinegar , garlic powder , onion powder and paprika . In 2018, McDonald's revamped the sauce by removing potassium sorbate , sodium benzoate , and calcium disodium EDTA . The sauce is occasionally available for purchase on its own for

402-920: A choice of tomato ketchup, mustard, or brown sauce. Chip shops, particularly in the West Midlands and North-East of England, Scotland, and Ireland, serve battered hamburgers called batter burgers. This is where the burger patty is deep-fat-fried in batter and is usually served with chips. Hamburgers and veggie burgers served with chips, and salad is standard pub grub menu items. Many pubs specialize in "gourmet" burgers. These are usually high-quality minced steak patties topped with things such as blue cheese, brie, avocado, anchovy mayonnaise, et cetera. Some British pubs serve burger patties made from more exotic meats, including venison burgers (sometimes nicknamed Bambi Burgers), bison burgers, ostrich burgers, and in some Australian-themed pubs even kangaroo burgers can be purchased. These burgers are served similarly to

469-452: A commonplace item in Indian cuisine . In the 21st century, a couple of companies formed making realistic meat analogues. In competition, were Impossible Foods and Beyond Meat . In the United States, a steak burger is a marketing term for a hamburger claimed to be of superior quality. Elsewhere, it is a burger containing a steak . Use of the term "steakburger" dates to the 1920s in

536-432: A distinctive blue color; styrofoam for craft applications is available in white and green. The EPA and International Agency for Research on Cancer reported limited evidence that styrene is carcinogenic for humans and experimental animals , meaning that there is a positive association between exposure and cancer and that causality is credible, but that other explanations cannot be confidently excluded. See also

603-576: A fantasy world populated by Ronald McDonald and various mascots promoting McDonald's products. Some characters were also modeled in McDonald's store playground equipment. The Big Mac was represented by Officer Big Mac, a Keystone Cops -style policeman with a giant Big Mac sandwich for a head. The characters were revised after a 1973 plagiarism lawsuit brought by television puppeteers Sid and Marty Krofft because of similarities to their H.R. Pufnstuf characters. A modified Officer Big Mac continued in

670-570: A feature of fast food restaurants . In the United States, the hamburger patties served by major fast food chains are usually mass-produced in factories and frozen for delivery to the site. These hamburgers are thin and of uniform thickness, differing from the traditional American hamburger prepared in homes and conventional restaurants, which is thicker and prepared by hand from ground beef . Most American hamburgers are round, but some fast-food chains, such as Wendy's , sell square-cut hamburgers. Hamburgers in fast food restaurants are usually grilled on

737-483: A flat top, but some firms, such as Burger King , use a gas flame grilling process. At conventional American restaurants, hamburgers may be ordered "rare" but normally are served medium-well or well-done for food safety reasons. Fast food restaurants do not usually offer this option. The McDonald's fast-food chain sells the Big Mac , one of the world's top-selling hamburgers, with an estimated 550 million sold annually in

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804-556: A food editor for New York Magazine , claim that this sandwich was not a hamburger because the bread was toasted. One of the earliest claims comes from Charlie Nagreen , who in 1885 sold a meatball between two slices of bread at the Seymour Fair now sometimes called the Outagamie County Fair. The Seymour Community Historical Society of Seymour, Wisconsin , credits Nagreen, now known as "Hamburger Charlie", with

871-472: A food vendor on the pike." No conclusive argument has ended the dispute over invention. An article from ABC News sums up: "One problem is that there is little written history. Another issue is that the burger spread happened largely at the World's Fair, from tiny vendors that came and went instantly. And it is entirely possible that more than one person came up with the idea at the same time in different parts of

938-564: A fried egg. German sailors later omitted the fried egg. The family of Oscar Weber Bilby claims the first-known hamburger on a bun was served on July 4, 1891, on Grandpa Oscar's farm. The bun was a yeast bun. In 1995, Governor Frank Keating proclaimed that the first true hamburger on a bun was created and consumed in Tulsa, Oklahoma in 1891, calling Tulsa, "The Real Birthplace of the Hamburger". Frank and Charles Menches claim to have sold

1005-556: A ground beef sandwich at the Erie County Fair in 1885 in Hamburg, New York . During the fair, they ran out of pork sausage for their sandwiches and substituted beef. The brothers exhausted their supply of sausage, so they purchased chopped-up beef from a butcher, Andrew Klein. Historian Joseph Streamer wrote that the meat was from Stein's market, not Klein's, despite Stein's having sold the market in 1874. The story notes that

1072-588: A hamburger or may be offered separately on the side, including ketchup , mustard , mayonnaise , relish , salad dressings and barbecue sauce . Other toppings can include bacon , avocado or guacamole , sliced sautéed mushrooms , cheese sauce, chili (usually without beans ), fried egg , scrambled egg , feta cheese , blue cheese , salsa , pineapple , jalapeños and other kinds of chili peppers , anchovies , slices of ham or bologna , pastrami or teriyaki -seasoned beef, tartar sauce , french fries , onion rings or potato chips . In 2012, according to

1139-584: A limited time. The first time was in 2015. A 25 ml (0.85 U.S. fl oz) tube was available for purchase but only in restaurants in Australia. It was available again in 2020. A 50 ml (1.7 U.S. fl oz) pot was available for purchase but only in restaurants in the UK and Ireland. In 2023 and early 2024 it was available in Hungary. The Big Mac, along with many other McDonald's products,

1206-493: A meat patty on its own. Since the term hamburger usually implies beef, for clarity burger may be prefixed with the type of meat or meat substitute used, as in beef burger , turkey burger, bison burger, or portobello burger. In most English-speaking countries, including the United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, a piece of chicken breast in a bun is a chicken burger . Americans would call this

1273-462: A pickle on the side. The story is that in 1904, Davis and his wife Ciddy ran a sandwich stand at the St. Louis World's Fair. Historian Frank X. Tolbert noted that Athens resident Clint Murchison said his grandfather dated the hamburger to the 1880s with Fletcher "Old Dave" Davis. A photo of "Old Dave's Hamburger Stand" from 1904 was sent to Tolbert as evidence of the claim. Various non-specific claims of

1340-411: A self-standing word that is associated with many different types of sandwiches that are similar to a hamburger, but contain different meats such as buffalo in the buffalo burger , venison , kangaroo , chicken , turkey , elk , lamb or fish such as salmon in the salmon burger , and even with meatless sandwiches as is the case of the veggie burger . The term burger can also be applied to

1407-517: A sesame seed bun." In 2008, McDonald's restaurants in Malaysia revived the slogan. The revival included the original prize of a free Big Mac if the customer was able to recite the slogan in under four seconds. It was released in May, along with the promotional Mega Mac , which had four beef patties instead of two. McDonald's began a television advertising campaign appealing to children in 1971 featuring

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1474-665: A study by the NDP cabinet, the French consume 14 hamburgers in restaurants per year per person, placing them fourth in the world and second in Europe, just behind the British. According to a study by Gira Conseil on the consumption of hamburgers in France in 2013, 75% of traditional French restaurants offer at least one hamburger on their menu, and for a third of these restaurants, it has become

1541-453: A style of rich, juicy burger in 2012 which is known as a dirty burger or third-wave burger . Styrofoam The term styrofoam is often used in the United States as a colloquial term to refer to expanded (not extruded) polystyrene foam ( EPS ). Outside the United States, EPS is most commonly referred to as simply "polystyrene" with the term "styrofoam" being used in its capacity to describe all forms of extruded polystyrene, not just

1608-591: A sub-style sesame seed roll. Additional steak burgers that Burger King has offered are the Angus Bacon Cheddar Ranch Steak Burger, the Angus Bacon & Cheese Steak Burger, and a limited edition Stuffed Steakhouse Burger. In 2004, Steak 'n Shake sued Burger King over the latter's use of the term Steak Burger in conjunction with one of its menu items, claiming that such use infringed on trademark rights. (According to

1675-519: A three slice sesame seed bun. On October 1, 2018, McDonald's announced that it would remove all artificial preservatives, flavors, and coloring from the Big Mac. The Big Mac is known worldwide and is often used as a symbol of American capitalism and decadence. The Economist has used it as a reference point for comparing the cost of living in different countries – the Big Mac Index – as it

1742-577: A three-slice sesame-seed bun . The Big Mac was created by Jim Delligatti , who stated later he did not invent the Big Mac but merely copied the double deck hamburger marketed by the Big Boy hamburger chain since the 1940s. Mr. Delligatti operated several McDonald's restaurants in the Pittsburgh area. It was created in the kitchen of Delligatti's first McDonald's franchise, located on McKnight Road in suburban Ross Township . The Big Mac debuted at

1809-458: A variety of toppings, including lettuce , tomato , onion , and often sliced pickles (or pickle relish). French fries (or commonly Poutine in Canada) often accompany the burger. Cheese (usually processed cheese slices but often Cheddar , Swiss , pepper jack , or blue ), either melted directly on the meat patty or crumbled on top, is generally an option. Condiments might be added to

1876-495: Is Hamburger steak sandwich, the meat for which is kept ready in small patties and 'cooked while you wait' on the gasoline range." The hamburger's origin is unclear, though "hamburger steak sandwiches" have been advertised in U.S. newspapers from New York to Hawaii since at least the 1890s. The invention of hamburgers is commonly attributed to various people, including Charlie Nagreen, Frank and Charles Menches, Oscar Weber Bilby, Fletcher Davis, or Louis Lassen. White Castle traces

1943-414: Is made entirely of ground (minced) beef and seasonings; these may be described as "all-beef hamburger" or "all-beef patties" to distinguish them from inexpensive hamburgers made with cost-savers like added flour , textured vegetable protein , ammonia treated defatted beef trimmings (which the company Beef Products Inc, calls "lean finely textured beef"), advanced meat recovery , or other fillers . In

2010-429: Is so widely available and is comparable across markets. This index is sometimes referred to as Burgernomics . Big Mac Sauce is delivered to McDonald's restaurants in sealed canisters designed by Sealright , from which it is meant to be directly dispensed using a calibrated "sauce gun" that dispenses a specified amount of the sauce for each pull of the trigger. In 2012, McDonald's executive chef Dan Coudreaut released

2077-767: The European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) ruled in Supermac's favor in what has been called a " David vs. Goliath " victory. McDonald's submitted a copy of the Misplaced Pages article about the Big Mac as part of its evidence, but the court found the Misplaced Pages page was not acceptable as "independent evidence". In 2023, the EUIPO Board of Appeal annulled the decision after McDonald's filed 700 pages of additional evidence, despite objections. Supermac's responded by bringing

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2144-583: The St. Louis Post-Dispatch , Burger King's attorneys "grilled" Steak 'n Shake's CEO in court about the precise content of Steak 'n Shake's steakburger offering.) The case was settled out of court. The hamburger is considered a national dish of the United States. In the United States and Canada , burgers may be classified as two main types: fast food hamburgers and individually prepared burgers made in homes and restaurants . The latter are often prepared with

2211-425: The 1930s, ground liver was sometimes added. Some cooks prepare their patties with binders like eggs or breadcrumbs . Seasonings may include salt and pepper and others like parsley , onions, soy sauce , Thousand Island dressing , onion soup mix, or Worcestershire sauce . Many name-brand seasoned salt products are also used. According to Bloomberg News , the average price of a fast-food restaurant burger in

2278-460: The 1940s, researchers, originally at Dow 's Chemical Physics Lab, led by Ray McIntire , found a way to make foamed polystyrene . They rediscovered a method first used by Swedish inventor Carl Georg Munters , and obtained an exclusive license to Munters's patent in the United States. Dow found ways to adapt Munters's method to make large quantities of extruded polystyrene as a closed cell foam that resists moisture. The patent on this adaptation

2345-497: The Big Mac (from the US) to regional requirements. Similar products by other restaurant chains: Hamburger A hamburger , or simply a burger , is a dish consisting of fillings—usually a patty of ground meat, typically beef —placed inside a sliced bun or bread roll . The patties are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, onion, pickles, bacon, or chilis with condiments such as ketchup, mustard, mayonnaise, relish or

2412-532: The Big Mac Museum in North Huntingdon , Pennsylvania to celebrate the Big Mac's 40th anniversary. The museum features the world's largest Big Mac statue (measuring 14 feet high and 12 feet wide) and has hundreds of historical artifacts and exhibits that celebrate the Big Mac. Some Uniontown residents were unhappy with the selected location. The Big Mac is a geographically localized product. In

2479-457: The Dupont brand itself. Polystyrene (EPS) is often used in food containers , coffee cups, and as cushioning material in packaging . Styrofoam is, however, a far less dense material than EPS and is more commonly suited to tasks such as thermal insulation . Additionally, it is moderately soluble in many organic solvents, cyanoacrylate , and the propellants and solvents of spray paint . In

2546-564: The McDonald's owned by Delligatti in Uniontown, Pennsylvania , on April 22, 1967, selling for US$ 0.45 (equivalent to $ 4.11 in 2023). It was designed to compete with Big Boy Restaurants' Big Boy hamburger . Eat'n Park was the Pittsburgh area's Big Boy franchisee at the time. The Big Mac proved popular and it was added to the menu of all U.S. McDonald's restaurants in 1968. The Big Mac had two previous names, both of which failed in

2613-436: The U.S. in 1900. New York Magazine states that "The dish actually had no name until some rowdy sailors from Hamburg named the meat on a bun after themselves years later", also noting that this claim is subject to dispute. A customer ordered a quick hot meal and Louis was out of steaks. Taking ground beef trimmings, Louis made a patty and grilled it, putting it between two slices of toast. Some critics such as Josh Ozersky,

2680-633: The UK and Ireland are very similar to those in the US, and the same big two chains dominate the High Street as in the U.S. — McDonald's and Burger King. The menus offered to both countries are virtually identical, although portion sizes tend to be smaller in the UK. In Ireland, the food outlet Supermacs is widespread throughout the country, serving burgers as part of its menu. In Ireland, Abrakebabra (started out selling kebabs) and Eddie Rocket's are also major chains. An original and indigenous rival to

2747-440: The United States increased by 16% between [start date] and [end date], reaching $ 8.41 in the second quarter of 2024. Specifically, the iconic Big Mac at McDonald's cost $ 5.29 during the same period, representing a 21% price increase over the same five-year span. Raw hamburgers may contain harmful bacteria that can produce food-borne illnesses such as Escherichia coli O157:H7 , due to the occasional initial improper preparation of

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2814-459: The United States, the Big Mac has 550 kcal (2,300 kJ), 29 grams of fat and 25 grams of protein. In Australia, the burger is slightly smaller with 493 kcal (2,060 kJ) and 26.9 grams of fat, but similar amounts of protein with 25.2 grams, while the Japanese burger tops out the scales at 557 kcal and 30.5 grams of fat. Several McDonald's subsidiaries adapt the standard features of

2881-483: The United States. In the U.S. in 1934, A.H. "Gus" Belt, the founder of Steak 'n Shake , devised a higher-quality hamburger and offered it as a "steakburger" to customers at the company's first location in Normal, Illinois . This burger used a combination of ground meat from the strip portion of T-bone steak and sirloin steak in its preparation. Steakburgers are a primary menu item at Steak 'n Shake restaurants, and

2948-682: The United States. Other major fast-food chains, including Burger King (also known as Hungry Jack's in Australia), A&W , Culver's , Whataburger , Carl's Jr. / Hardee's chain, Wendy's (known for their square patties), Jack in the Box , Cook Out , Harvey's , Hesburger , Supermac's , Shake Shack , In-N-Out Burger , Five Guys , Fatburger , Vera's, Burgerville , Back Yard Burgers , Lick's Homeburger , Roy Rogers , Smashburger , and Sonic also rely heavily on hamburger sales. Fuddruckers and Red Robin are hamburger chains that specialize in

3015-603: The big two U.S. giants was the quintessentially British fast-food chain Wimpy , originally known as Wimpy Bar (opened 1954 at the Lyon's Corner House in Coventry Street London), which served its hamburgers on a plate with British-style chips , accompanied by cutlery and delivered to the customer's table. In the late 1970s, to compete with McDonald's, Wimpy began to open American-style counter-service restaurants, and

3082-652: The brand disappeared from many UK high streets when those restaurants were re-branded as Burger Kings between 1989 and 1990 by the then-owner of both brands, Grand Metropolitan . A management buyout in 1990 split the brands again, and now Wimpy table-service restaurants can still be found in many town centres, whilst new counter-service Wimpys are now often found at motorway service stations. Hamburgers are also available from mobile kiosks , commonly known as "burger vans", particularly at outdoor events such as football matches. Burgers from this type of outlet are usually served without any form of salad — only fried onions and

3149-580: The case to the European Court of Justice , which finally ruled in 2024 that McDonald's had not proven use of the Big Mac trademark when it came to poultry products or operating restaurants. The ruling does not affect the trademark with respect to the Big Mac burger product. In 2007, Danya Proud, a McDonald's spokeswoman, said that in the United States alone, 560 million Big Macs are sold each year. This would mean that approximately 17 Big Macs are sold every second. On August 22, 2007, McDonald's opened

3216-590: The commercials until 1985. In 2005, McDonald's began offering product placement rewards to hip hop artists who namechecked the Big Mac in their music, giving US$ 5 to the artist for every time a song mentioning the hamburger was played on the radio. McDonald's sued the Irish fast-food chain Supermac's for trademark infringement and claimed the name would confuse consumers in European markets. On 11 January 2019,

3283-1008: The company's registered trademarks included "original steakburger" and "famous for steakburgers". Steak 'n Shake's "Prime Steakburgers" are now made of choice grade brisket and chuck. Beef is typical, although other meats such as lamb and pork may also be used. The meat is ground or chopped. In other places - including Australia and New Zealand - a steak burger contains a whole steak, not ground meat. Steak burgers may be cooked to various degrees of doneness . Steakburgers may be served with standard hamburger toppings such as lettuce, onion, and tomato. Some may have various additional toppings such as cheese, bacon, fried egg, mushrooms, additional meats, and others. Various fast food outlets and restaurants ‍—‌ such as Burger King , Carl's Jr. , Hardee's , IHOP , Steak 'n Shake , Mr. Steak , and Freddy's ‍—‌ market steak burgers. Some restaurants offer high-end burgers prepared from aged beef. Additionally, many restaurants have used

3350-512: The country." Although debunked by The Washington Post , a popular myth recorded by Connecticut Congresswoman Rosa DeLauro stated the first hamburger served in America was by Louis Lassen, a Danish immigrant, after he opened Louis' Lunch in New Haven in 1895. Louis' Lunch, a small lunch wagon in New Haven, Connecticut , is said to have sold the first hamburger and steak sandwich in

3417-517: The invention relate to the term "hamburger steak" without mention of its being a sandwich. The first printed American menu listing hamburgers is an 1834 menu from Delmonico's in New York. However, the printer of the original menu was not in business in 1834. In 1889, a menu from Walla Walla Union in Washington offered hamburger steak as a menu item. Between 1871 and 1884, "Hamburg Beefsteak"

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3484-471: The invention. Nagreen was 15 when he reportedly sold pork sandwiches at the 1885 Seymour Fair so customers could eat while walking. The Historical Society explains that Nagreen named the hamburger after the Hamburg steak with which local German immigrants were familiar. According to White Castle , Otto Kuase was the inventor of the hamburger. In 1891, he created a beef patty cooked in butter and topped with

3551-482: The largest multinational fast-food chains feature burgers as one of their core products: McDonald's Big Mac and Burger King's Whopper have become global icons of American culture . The term hamburger originally derives from Hamburg , the second-largest city in Germany; however, there is no specific connection between the dish and the city. By linguistic rebracketing , the term "burger" eventually became

3618-418: The leader in the range of dishes, ahead of rib steaks, grills or fish. In Mexico, burgers (called hamburguesas ) are served with ham and slices of American cheese fried on top of the meat patty. The toppings include avocado , jalapeño slices, shredded lettuce , onion , and tomato . The bun has mayonnaise , ketchup , and mustard . Bacon may also be added, which can be fried or grilled along with

3685-725: The marketplace: the Aristocrat and the Blue Ribbon Burger. The third name, Big Mac, was created by Esther Glickstein Rose, a 21-year-old advertising secretary who worked at McDonald's corporate headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois . The Big Mac is made with two 1.6 oz (45 g) beef patties , a "special sauce" (similar to Thousand Island dressing ), shredded iceberg lettuce , one processed American cheese slice, two slices of dill pickle , and minced onions , served on

3752-411: The meat patty. A slice of pineapple may be added to a hamburger for a "Hawaiian hamburger". Some restaurants' burgers also have barbecue sauce, and others replace the ground patty with sirloin, Al pastor meat, barbacoa , or fried chicken breast. Many burger chains from the United States can be found all over Mexico , including Carl's Jr. , Sonic , McDonald's , and Burger King . Hamburgers in

3819-462: The meat, so caution is needed during handling and cooking. Because of the potential for food-borne illness, the USDA , recommends hamburgers be cooked to an internal temperature of 160 °F (71 °C). If cooked to this temperature, they are considered well-done . Burgers can also be made with patties made from ingredients other than beef. For example, a turkey burger uses ground turkey meat,

3886-490: The mid-tier "restaurant-style" variety of hamburgers. Some restaurants offer elaborate hamburgers using expensive cuts of meat and various cheeses, toppings, and sauces. One example is the Bobby's Burger Palace chain founded by well-known chef and Food Network star Bobby Flay . Hamburgers are often served as a fast dinner, picnic, or party food and are often cooked outdoors on barbecue grills. A high-quality hamburger patty

3953-657: The name of the hamburger comes from Hamburg, New York, not Hamburg, Germany. Frank Menches's obituary in The New York Times states that these events took place at the 1892 Summit County Fair in Akron, Ohio . Fletcher Davis of Athens, Texas claimed to have invented the hamburger. According to oral histories, in the 1880s, he opened a lunch counter in Athens and served a 'burger' of fried ground beef patties with mustard and Bermuda onion between two slices of bread, with

4020-521: The origin of the hamburger to Hamburg, Germany, with its invention by Otto Krause. Some have pointed to a recipe for "Hamburgh sausages" on toasted bread, published in The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy by Hannah Glasse in 1758. Hamburgers gained national recognition in the U.S. at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair when the New York Tribune referred to the hamburger as "the innovation of

4087-575: The shipping company gave its name to the dish. It is not known which of these stories actually marks the invention of the hamburger and explains the name. There is a reference to a " Hamburg steak " as early as 1884 in The Boston Journal . On July 5, 1896, the Chicago Daily Tribune made a highly specific claim regarding a "hamburger sandwich" in an article about a "Sandwich Car": "A distinguished favorite, only five cents,

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4154-538: The term "steakburger" at various times. Some baseball parks concessions in the United States call their hamburgers steak burgers, such as Johnny Rosenblatt Stadium in Omaha, Nebraska . Burger King introduced the Sirloin Steak sandwich in 1979 as part of a menu expansion that, in turn, was part of a corporate restructuring effort for the company. It was a single oblong patty made of chopped steak served on

4221-606: The traditional hamburger but are sometimes served with a different sauce, including redcurrant sauce, mint sauce, and plum sauce. In the early 21st century, "premium" hamburger chains and independent restaurants have arisen, selling burgers produced from meat stated to be of high quality and often organic , usually served to eat on the premises rather than to take away. Chains include Gourmet Burger Kitchen , Ultimate Burger, Hamburger Union and Byron Hamburgers in London. Independent restaurants such as Meatmarket and Dirty Burger developed

4288-495: Was also popular in Hamburg under the name of " Rundstück warm " ("bread roll warm") in 1869 or earlier, and was supposedly eaten by emigrants on their way to America. However, this may have contained roasted beefsteak rather than Frikadelle . It has alternatively been suggested that Hamburg steak served between two pieces of bread and eaten by Jewish passengers travelling from Hamburg to New York on Hamburg America Line vessels (which began operations in 1847) became so well known that

4355-603: Was filed in 1947. Styrofoam has a variety of uses. Styrofoam is composed of 98% air, making it lightweight and buoyant. DuPont produces styrofoam building materials, including varieties of building insulation sheathing and pipe insulation. The claimed R-value of styrofoam insulation is approximately 5 °F⋅ft ⋅h/BTU for 1 inch thick sheet. Styrofoam can be used under roads and other structures to prevent soil disturbances due to freezing and thawing. DuPont also produces styrofoam blocks and other shapes for use by florists and in craft products. DuPont insulation styrofoam has

4422-481: Was first served in a collapsible cardboard container that was changed to a "clamshell" style, polystyrene foam container in the late 1970s. Polystyrene foam containers were phased out beginning in 1990, due to environmental concerns. In 1974 McDonald's commissioned an advertising jingle which popularized the list of ingredients of the Big Mac: "Two all-beef patties, special sauce, lettuce, cheese, pickles, onions on

4489-610: Was on the "Breakfast and Supper Menu" of the Clipper Restaurant at 311/313 Pacific Street in San Fernando, California . It cost 10 cents—the same price as mutton chops, pig's feet in batter, and stewed veal. It was not, however, on the dinner menu. Only "Pig's Head", "Calf Tongue", and "Stewed Kidneys" were listed. Another claim ties the hamburger to Summit County, New York, or Ohio. Summit County, Ohio, exists, but Summit County, New York, does not. Hamburgers are often

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