Misplaced Pages

#539460

177-683: This is a list of characters in the Artemis Fowl novel series by Eoin Colfer . Leon Abbot emerges as the primary antagonist in Artemis Fowl: The Lost Colony . Described as a demon opposing the time- spell during the battle of Taillte, he disrupts a circle of warlocks engaged in a spellcasting ritual. Abbot adopts the demon name N'zall, translating to "little horn" in ancient demon language, which reflects his resentment toward older demons. However, he prefers

354-631: A magnate and exploring his and Holly's relationship. In December 2021, Colfer also expressed interest in writing a book about Mulch Diggums as a private investigator , a concept first explored in The Lost Colony , saying "I never say never" regarding a potential return at some point in the future to him writing novels set in the Fowl universe. Artemis Fowl II uses his intelligence to build his family fortune through crime. This stems from his family, who have been criminals for generations. Artemis

531-641: A Norman army gathered from London, Winchester and Salisbury under Geoffrey of Coutances . Meanwhile, William attacked the Danes, who had moored for the winter south of the Humber in Lincolnshire, and drove them back to the north bank. Leaving Robert of Mortain in charge of Lincolnshire, he turned west and defeated the Mercian rebels in battle at Stafford . When the Danes attempted to return to Lincolnshire,

708-643: A captain of the Lower Elements Police Reconnaissance force (LEPrecon), holding her for a ransom of one ton of gold to exploit the magical Fairy People and restore his family's fortune. The Artemis Fowl series, alternatively titled the First Cycle of The Fowl Adventures , introduces Artemis as a villain and the Peoples' enemy, but as the books progress, Artemis's character develops and changes. As an anti-villain , he assists

885-431: A clone of Artemis, which is taken to the now overgrown gate six months after Artemis's death. Artemis's spirit then takes control of the clone and he is alive once more. His eye color is now back to normal, with two blue eyes. The Artemis Fowl series was followed by a spin-off sequel series, called The Fowl Twins , centered around the characters of Myles and Beckett Fowl, Artemis's younger twin brothers. The first book in

1062-415: A computer orb connected to the probes that Artemis found underwater, and find out that Turnball has kidnapped demon warlock N°1 to force him to reverse the aging of Turnball's wife, Leonor. In the end, Leonor and Turnball are killed in an explosion of a shuttle Leonor drives, to fulfill her last wish – to fly once again – and Artemis is sent to a fairy clinic to be cured of Atlantis Complex. The final book of

1239-421: A cure. It is later revealed that she was manipulated by Opal Koboi, who sought the brain fluid of a lemur Artemis had inadvertently made extinct. Angeline learns about the existence of magical beings and demands answers from Artemis II. In "Artemis Fowl: The Atlantis Complex," Angeline endeavors to foster a more normal teenage life for Artemis II, encouraging him to adopt casual attire and habits. Artemis Fowl I,

1416-403: A desire to reconnect with his family, much to the frustration of his son, Artemis II, who is embroiled in various illegal schemes. In Artemis Fowl: The Eternity Code, insights from Artemis Fowl I's diary reveal a transformation in his outlook, as he no longer wishes to pursue a life of crime. He attempts to persuade his son to join him on a different path, questioning whether Artemis II will seize

1593-616: A dictatorial attitude towards the brothers. Imposing stringent rules upon them, she demands obedience, prohibits certain behaviors, and claims psychic abilities, fostering resentment among the Brill brothers. Despite their disillusionment, fear and promises of freedom deter them from disloyalty. Ultimately, Koboi's betrayal culminates in ejecting the brothers from her shuttle, leaving them stranded. Though presumed dead, they survive and provide critical information to Foaly about Koboi's schemes after being rescued. In "Artemis Fowl: The Time Paradox,"

1770-604: A distance. A direct consequence of the invasion was the almost total elimination of the old English aristocracy and the loss of English control over the Catholic Church in England. William systematically dispossessed English landowners and conferred their property on his continental followers. The Domesday Book of 1086 meticulously documents the impact of this colossal programme of expropriation, revealing that by that time only about 5 per cent of land in England south of

1947-676: A fairy condition resembling a combination of obsessive-compulsive disorder, extreme paranoia, and multiple personality disorder. This was brought on by Artemis stealing fairy magic from the time tunnel. This results in the debut of Orion Fowl, his alter ego. The idea is that Orion is Artemis's enemy from Greek mythology. The story follows Turnball Root, the criminal brother of Julius Root, as he breaks out of jail and sends probes to destroy his enemies, including Artemis, his fairy friends, and Butler, whom Artemis sent away due to his Atlantis Complex induced paranoia. After Butler, Artemis, and his fairy friends reunite, they hunt down Turnball, tracking him with

SECTION 10

#1732775810540

2124-406: A film adaptation of the series. Miramax Films was named as purchasing the film rights with Lawrence Guterman signed to direct. In 2003 Colfer stated that a screenplay had been finalized and that casting was due to start the same year but expressed skepticism over whether or not this would come to pass, though Colfer revealed the film was in pre-production. The film remained in development and

2301-581: A fleet of more than 300 ships carrying perhaps 15,000 men. Harald's army was further augmented by the forces of Tostig, who threw his support behind the Norwegian king's bid for the throne. Advancing on York, the Norwegians defeated a northern English army under Edwin and Morcar on 20 September at the Battle of Fulford . The two earls had rushed to engage the Norwegian forces before Harold could arrive from

2478-482: A goblin gang named the B'wa Kell, they launch an assault, which is thwarted by Artemis Fowl II, Butler, Holly Short, Root, and Foaly. Exposed by Foaly's revelation of his treachery, Cudgeon meets his demise when Koboi launches her Hoverboy at him in a fit of anger, causing him to fall into a plasma servicing hatch where he is fatally electrocuted. Throughout the events, he wields a customized Softnose Redboy blaster in an unsuccessful attempt to assassinate Koboi. Doodah Day

2655-579: A grant of some sort. This sophisticated medieval form of government was handed over to the Normans and was the foundation of further developments. They kept the framework of government but made changes in the personnel, although at first the new king attempted to keep some natives in office. By the end of William's reign, most of the officials of government and the royal household were Normans. The language of official documents also changed, from Old English to Latin. The forest laws were introduced, leading to

2832-648: A hermit at Chester. After his victory at Hastings, William expected to receive the submission of the surviving English leaders, but instead Edgar the Ætheling was proclaimed king by the Witenagemot, with the support of Earls Edwin and Morcar, Stigand , the Archbishop of Canterbury, and Ealdred , the Archbishop of York. William therefore advanced, marching around the coast of Kent to London. He defeated an English force that attacked him at Southwark , but being unable to storm London Bridge he sought to reach

3009-458: A highly skilled criminal who orchestrates his own fake death to escape from Fowl Manor. He deceives Foaly by using his iris cam on a rabbit, convincing the centaur that Mulch has perished in a cave-in. After his supposed demise, Mulch resurfaces to steal ransom gold retrieved by Holly Short. In Artemis Fowl: The Arctic Incident, Mulch is discovered living luxuriously in California, earning

3186-738: A historic feat by disarming an elite squadron of the LEPretrieval fairy police force and defeating a troll using antique armor, alongside his sister Juliet. This incident, broadcast on fairy television, contributes to the LEP's combat curriculum. Throughout the series, Butler's expertise and experience make him a trusted advisor to Artemis, particularly in matters involving the fairy world. Following an encounter in "Artemis Fowl: The Arctic Incident," Butler utilizes special goggles enabling him to perceive fairies even when they are concealed. In "Artemis Fowl: The Eternity Code," he sustains severe injuries but

3363-513: A land army supported by a fleet, resulted in the Treaty of Abernethy in which Malcolm expelled Edgar the Ætheling from Scotland and agreed to some degree of subordination to William. The exact status of this subordination was unclear – the treaty merely stated that Malcolm became William's man. Whether this meant only for Cumbria and Lothian or for the whole Scottish kingdom was left ambiguous. In 1075, during William's absence, Ralph de Gael ,

3540-508: A lot like Holly Short when he was younger; a book states that Holly Short had recently beat the speed record that had been set 80 years prior by Julius Root. Julius Root hates when Foaly called him by his first name. Julius Root also had a brother, Turnball Root, the main antagonist in The Atlantis Complex . A minor antagonist in the first novel, Cudgeon was an ex-LEP lieutenant who was humiliated by Commander Julius Root and had

3717-414: A nuclear battery. Recognizing his valuable skills, the LEP offers him amnesty in exchange for his assistance. Day aids Artemis Fowl and Holly Short in rescuing No. 1 from Minerva. Three years later, Doodah Day partners with Mulch Diggums in the private investigation firm, Short and Diggums, showcasing his continued involvement in the criminal underworld. Mulch Diggums is introduced in Artemis Fowl as

SECTION 20

#1732775810540

3894-460: A pivotal role in various escapades throughout the series. Foaly, a centaur LEP, makes his debut in Artemis Fowl as a character known for his sarcasm and paranoid tendencies. He firmly believes that human intelligence agencies are monitoring his transport and surveillance network, leading him to wear a tinfoil hat to prevent mind reading. Due to his vital role in keeping fairy technology ahead of human advancements, Foaly cannot be dismissed from

4071-546: A prelude to the grand finale." The Last Guardian , the eighth and final novel of the series, received favorable reviews from Kirkus Reviews , Entertainment Weekly , and The Irish Times , also winning the 2012 Irish Book Award in the "Irish Children's Book – Senior" category. In 2010 Artemis Fowl was selected by readers as the favorite Puffin Books title of all time, which Colfer described as his "proudest professional moment." In 2001 plans were announced for

4248-482: A range of between 7000 and 8000 English troops. These men would have comprised a mix of the fyrd (militia mainly composed of foot soldiers) and the housecarls , or nobleman's personal troops, who usually also fought on foot. The main difference between the two types was in their armour; the housecarls used better protecting armour than that of the fyrd . The English army does not appear to have had many archers, although some were present. The identities of few of

4425-422: A range of estimates for the size of William's forces: 7000–8000 men, 1000–2000 of them cavalry; 10,000–12,000 men; 10,000 men, 3000 of them cavalry; or 7500 men. The army would have consisted of a mix of cavalry, infantry, and archers or crossbowmen, with about equal numbers of cavalry and archers and the foot soldiers equal in number to the other two types combined. Although later lists of companions of William

4602-415: A reward. Colfer summed up the first book as " Die Hard with fairies." Critics call the series "the new Harry Potter ," although Colfer stated in 2001 that he disagreed. Kate Kellaway of The Observer called the first book "a smart, amusing one-off. It flashes with hi-tech invention – as if Colfer were as much an inspired boffin as a writer". Time magazine said of the book, " Artemis Fowl

4779-481: A rivalry with Opal Koboi, which she sporadically mentions throughout her dialogue. Opal is a deranged, paranoid genius pixie whose dream is world domination and the destruction of the LEP. A prodigy, she built Koboi Laboratories, a technology company, which she used to crush her father's company out of spite. Opal is featured in several of the Artemis Fowl books as the main antagonist. She detests Foaly, as he won

4956-415: A science competition in college over her, and she believes the judges chose Foaly instead just because he was male. However, she became Artemis' archenemy after he and Holly foiled her plans numerous times. In The Opal Deception , she creates a clone of herself to escape imprisonment, later killing Julius Root rather violently with a bomb, and framing Holly Short. In the past, it is revealed that she harvested

5133-504: A significant portion of his army in the north. Harold's army confronted William's invaders on 14 October at the Battle of Hastings . William's force defeated Harold, who was killed in the engagement, and William became king. Although William's main rivals were gone, he still faced rebellions over the following years and was not secure on the English throne until after 1072. The lands of the resisting English elite were confiscated; some of

5310-544: A significant role, overseeing the treatment of key characters. His interactions with the Brill brothers, his pixie custodians, reveal a disdain for the nickname "Jerry," underscoring his desire for greater respect from clinic employees, albeit unvoiced due to the rarity of competent staff. Arno Blunt serves as a secondary antagonist in Artemis Fowl: The Eternity Code . Employed as a bodyguard by Jon Spiro, an American businessman, Blunt's appearance

5487-478: A silky silfaka lemur's brain fluid as one of the steps to achieving world domination. She later kills her past self created in The Time Paradox , creating a paradox. Opal is later killed by Oro Shaydova, the leader of fairy soldiers killed in the battle of Taillte. Mulch is a kleptomaniac, criminal dwarf who has been involved in crime for four centuries. When considered with the average dwarf lifespan, he

List of Artemis Fowl characters - Misplaced Pages Continue

5664-465: A single geographic block. To find the lands to compensate his Norman followers, William initially confiscated the estates of all the English lords who had fought and died with Harold and redistributed part of their lands. These confiscations led to revolts, which resulted in more confiscations, a cycle that continued for five years after the Battle of Hastings. To put down and prevent further rebellions

5841-403: A time stop. Briar Cudgeon first appears in Artemis Fowl as a power-hungry officer within the LEP (Lower Elements Police). During a mission at Fowl Manor , he plots to betray Commander Julius Root in a bid to seize control. His scheme involves unleashing a troll to eliminate all occupants of the manor, allowing him to purportedly rescue Holly Short. However, his plan goes awry when the troll

6018-559: Is Domovoi though no one knows that besides Artemis and Juliet. He also has a little sister, Juliet, who appears in most of the books. Butler is rendered dead temporarily in The Eternity Code , but is rescued by the ingenuity of his principal and the healing powers of Holly Short. Butler's favored weapon is a treasured SIG Sauer P226 pistol chambered in 9mm Parabellum , but he often must resort to other fairy weaponry for his tasks. Due to his healing in The Eternity Code , his body

6195-583: Is a companion book to the series published 4 October 2004, which included The Seventh Dwarf and other stories. it also includes bonus material such as Artemis Fowl's School Report, exclusive interviews with Artemis, Butler, Holly, Root, Mulch, Foaly and Colfer, and text from the Fairy People's book to translate. Electronic Arts has brought the first six books in the series to the Nintendo DS and Nintendo DSi as parts in its Flips kids' range, which

6372-477: Is also evident in his physical experiences, such as the involuntary exchange of his left eye with Holly Short's during a transition between dimensions and the alteration of his left hand's fingers during time travel. Artemis Fowl (series) The Fowl Adventures is a series of eleven fantasy novels written by Irish author Eoin Colfer revolving around various members of the Fowl family . The first cycle,

6549-418: Is characterized by bleached-blond hair, tattoos, and distinctive attire, including pirate earrings and a cut-off T-shirt. Notably, he harbors a strong aversion to being disregarded or overlooked. Throughout the narrative, Blunt undergoes significant dental modifications, with all his teeth being replaced by multiple sets of customized dentures, each serving distinct purposes. His reckless and aggressive demeanor

6726-504: Is cold, cynical, and often outright ruthless in his manipulation of people for his own ends. Following his father's presumed death at the hands of the Russian Mafia, and his mother's subsequent descent into madness, Artemis stopped attending his boarding school, assumed control of the Fowl criminal empire, and embarked on a crime spree to restore the family fortune and fund Arctic expeditions to rescue his father. His investigation into

6903-422: Is defeated by Domovoi Butler, and Cudgeon is inadvertently incapacitated by Root using a tranquilizer finger dart devised by Foaly. The sedative interacts with illegal brain-enhancing substances he had been experimenting with, resulting in disfigurement and demotion to lieutenant . In "Artemis Fowl: The Arctic Incident," Cudgeon aligns with Opal Koboi to orchestrate a rebellion against the LEP and Root. Utilizing

7080-420: Is exemplified by his attempt to assassinate Artemis Fowl II, which results in the severe injury of Domovoi Butler, Artemis's bodyguard. In a climactic confrontation, Blunt's plans to ambush Artemis are thwarted by Butler, who assumes a deceptive guise, prompting Blunt to confess his actions. Contrasted with Butler's composed and discreet nature, Blunt epitomizes a brash and conspicuous counterpart, despite sharing

7257-468: Is famed for his intelligence; he claims to have the "highest IQ tested in Europe", but is also known for a lack of coordination and athletic ability. Throughout the series, he learns profound morals from the Fairy People and becomes more compassionate and trustworthy, but still maintains much of his intelligence. Because of the time travel in The Lost Colony , his legal age is older than his real age. Butler

List of Artemis Fowl characters - Misplaced Pages Continue

7434-544: Is introduced in Artemis Fowl: The Lost Colony as a renowned pixie criminal specializing in fish smuggling. During an encounter with PI Holly Short , he nearly injures her with a multimixer, claiming later that his intention was merely to frighten her. Known for his purported ability to drive any vehicle, Day possesses a device called the Mongocharger, which enhances a vehicle's power using

7611-510: Is not known precisely how much English the Norman invaders learned, nor how much the knowledge of Norman French spread among the lower classes, but the demands of trade and basic communication probably meant that at least some of the Normans and native English were bilingual. Nevertheless, William the Conqueror never developed a working knowledge of English and for centuries afterwards English

7788-564: Is not that old. He once was a mining dwarf, but later decided that stealing from Mud Men (humans) suited him much better. Because he has stolen from Mud Men, Mulch no longer has the significant magic powers of the usual fairy, but he has retained some aspect of the gift of tongues as "all tongues are based on Gnommish if you trace them back far enough", and has even shown his ability to speak 'American dog' in The Arctic Incident . He insists that humans were stealing from fairy-kind and

7965-424: Is older than he should be. Holly is a determined, forthright elf and the only female captain of LEPrecon, the reconnaissance division of the LEP. Holly is three feet tall and slender, with nut-brown skin and auburn hair. In the first book, she is kidnapped by Artemis and held for ransom, but over the course of the series they slowly become friends--and by the end of the series, best friends. She helped Artemis save

8142-410: Is pacy, playful, and very funny, an inventive mix of myth and modernity, magic and crime", while The New York Times Book Review said that "Colfer has done enormously, explosively well" in writing a book that could be accurately described as " Die Hard with fairies". The Guardian gave a favorable review to The Atlantis Complex , the seventh book in the series, but noted "it is also clearly

8319-615: Is preserved by cryogenic means, later revived by Captain Holly Short. Despite his miraculous recovery, Butler's aging process accelerates, leading to physical challenges. In "Artemis Fowl: The Last Guardian," he survives an attack by Opal Koboi's beserkers but sustains permanent heart damage, ending his fieldwork career. Outside his protective duties, Butler finds solace in reading fiction, introduced to him by Minerva Paradizo. His literary interests encompass classics such as " Moby Dick ," " Gormenghast ," " The Art of War ," and " Gone with

8496-600: Is that, from 1072 until the Capetian conquest of Normandy in 1204, William and his successors were largely absentee rulers. For example, after 1072, William spent more than 75 per cent of his time in France rather than England. While he needed to be personally present in Normandy to defend the realm from foreign invasion and put down internal revolts, he set up royal administrative structures that enabled him to rule England from

8673-431: Is the Fowl family's loyal manservant and Artemis's bodyguard and friend, accompanying him around the world on his adventures. He is the third-most skilled martial artist on the planet (the first is a monk on a Pacific Island and the second is his uncle), a formidable marksman and firearms expert, and has immense experience of the criminal underworld, often providing help to Artemis through his many contacts. His first name

8850-552: Is the first book in the Artemis Fowl series. It follows Holly Short, the first female reconnaissance officer of the Lower Elements Police (LEP), after she is kidnapped by criminal mastermind Artemis Fowl II for a large ransom of 24-karat gold with the help of his bodyguard Domovoi Butler (and Butler's younger sister Juliet ) in order to restore the Fowl family fortune. After multiple failed attempts by

9027-482: The Black Sea coast and established towns with names such as New London and New York. Before the Normans arrived, Anglo-Saxon governmental systems were more sophisticated than their counterparts in Normandy. All of England was divided into administrative units called shires , with subdivisions; the royal court was the centre of government, and a justice system based on local and regional tribunals existed to secure

SECTION 50

#1732775810540

9204-649: The Earl of Norfolk , and Roger de Breteuil the Earl of Hereford , conspired to overthrow him in the Revolt of the Earls . The exact reason for the rebellion is unclear, but it was launched at the wedding of Ralph to a relative of Roger's, held at Exning . Another earl, Waltheof, despite being one of William's favourites, was also involved, and some Breton lords were ready to offer support. Ralph also requested Danish aid. William remained in Normandy while his men in England subdued

9381-574: The Norman conquest . With a formidable physique standing nearly seven feet tall and weighing 200 kilograms, he possesses deep blue eyes characteristic of his lineage. Trained extensively at Madame Ko's Bodyguard Academy , Butler is proficient in various disciplines, including Cordon Bleu cooking, marksmanship , martial arts, emergency medicine, and information technology . Renowned as the third deadliest individual globally, his skills surpass those of most adversaries. In Artemis Fowl , Butler achieves

9558-455: The Tees was left in English hands. Even this tiny residue was further diminished in the decades that followed, the elimination of native landholding being most complete in southern parts of the country. Natives were also removed from high governmental and ecclesiastical offices. After 1075 all earldoms were held by Normans, and Englishmen were only occasionally appointed as sheriffs. Likewise in

9735-517: The see of York had become vacant following the death of Ealdred in September 1069. Both sees were filled by men loyal to William: Lanfranc , abbot of William's foundation at Caen , received Canterbury while Thomas of Bayeux , one of William's chaplains, was installed at York. Some other bishoprics and abbeys also received new bishops and abbots and William confiscated some of the wealth of the English monasteries, which had served as repositories for

9912-403: The " Norman yoke " arose in the 17th century, the idea that Anglo-Saxon society had been freer and more equal than the society that emerged after the conquest. This theory owes more to the period in which it was developed than to historical facts, but it continues to be used to the present day in both political and popular thought. In the 20th and 21st centuries, historians have focused less on

10089-644: The 1070s, when a group of Anglo-Saxons in a fleet of 235 ships sailed for the Byzantine Empire . The empire became a popular destination for many English nobles and soldiers, as the Byzantines were in need of mercenaries. The English became the predominant element in the elite Varangian Guard , until then a largely Scandinavian unit, from which the emperor's bodyguard was drawn. Some of the English migrants were settled in Byzantine frontier regions on

10266-533: The Amorphobots are introduced as gelatinous robots crafted by Foaly for a Mars probe mission. However, Turnball Root seizes control of these robots, repurposing them to reroute the probe back to Earth. His aim is to orchestrate a prison escape, leveraging the Amorphobots' capabilities for his rescue mission. Jerbal Argon is a recurring character in the Artemis Fowl series, first introduced in the inaugural book. Initially depicted as an observer, he later emerges as

10443-400: The Battle of Taillte, the war for land against fairy and human, the demon fairy family sent themselves out of time on the island Hybras, and that on their island their time can be anything on ours. The time spell is crumbling, and demons are appearing on earth without warning. If the humans discover the demons, they will inevitably uncover the rest of the fairies. Artemis and his friends go after

10620-485: The C Cube, a fairy supercomputer, lands him in a fairy prison, where he receives a vital CD from Artemis before incarceration. As a dwarf , Mulch possesses extraordinary abilities such as tunneling through dirt, rapid digestion, luminous saliva, and the capacity to absorb liquids through his pores. His talents make him a formidable criminal and later aid him in assisting the LEP. Despite his criminal tendencies, Mulch occasionally demonstrates loyalty to his allies and plays

10797-739: The Church, senior English office-holders were either expelled from their positions or kept in place for their lifetimes and replaced by foreigners when they died. After the death of Wulfstan in 1095, no bishopric was held by any Englishman, and English abbots became uncommon, especially in the larger monasteries. Following the conquest, many Anglo-Saxons, including groups of nobles, fled the country for Scotland, Ireland, or Scandinavia. Members of King Harold Godwinson's family sought refuge in Ireland and used their bases in that country for unsuccessful invasions of England. The largest single exodus occurred in

SECTION 60

#1732775810540

10974-463: The Conqueror are extant, most are padded with extra names; only about 35 individuals can be reliably claimed to have been with William at Hastings. William of Poitiers states that William obtained Pope Alexander II 's consent for the invasion, signified by a papal banner, along with diplomatic support from other European rulers. Although Alexander did give papal approval to the conquest after it succeeded, no other source claims papal support before

11151-521: The Danes the Fenland rebels remained at large, protected by the marshes, and early in 1071 there was a final outbreak of rebel activity in the area. Edwin and Morcar again turned against William, and although Edwin was quickly betrayed and killed, Morcar reached Ely , where he and Hereward were joined by exiled rebels who had sailed from Scotland. William arrived with an army and a fleet to finish off this last pocket of resistance. After some costly failures,

11328-478: The Danish king's brother, Cnut , had finally arrived in England with a fleet of 200 ships, but he was too late as Norwich had already surrendered. The Danes then raided along the coast before returning home. William did not return to England until later in 1075, to deal with the Danish threat and the aftermath of the rebellion, celebrating Christmas at Winchester. Roger and Waltheof were kept in prison, where Waltheof

11505-699: The English Channel. William assembled a large invasion fleet and an army gathered from Normandy and all over France, including large contingents from Brittany and Flanders. He mustered his forces at Saint-Valery-sur-Somme and was ready to cross the Channel by about 12 August. The exact numbers and composition of William's force are unknown. A contemporary document claims that William had 726 ships, but this may be an inflated figure. Figures given by contemporary writers are highly exaggerated, varying from 14,000 to 150,000 men. Modern historians have offered

11682-647: The English leaders surrendered to William at Berkhamsted , Hertfordshire. William was acclaimed King of England and crowned by Ealdred on 25 December 1066, in Westminster Abbey . The new king attempted to conciliate the remaining English nobility by confirming Morcar, Edwin and Waltheof, the Earl of Northumbria , in their lands as well as giving some land to Edgar the Ætheling . William remained in England until March 1067, when he returned to Normandy with English prisoners, including Stigand, Morcar, Edwin, Edgar

11859-511: The English system of taxation that included a land tax, or the geld. English coinage was also superior to most of the other currencies in use in northwestern Europe, and the ability to mint coins was a royal monopoly. The English kings had also developed the system of issuing writs to their officials, in addition to the normal medieval practice of issuing charters . Writs were either instructions to an official or group of officials, or notifications of royal actions such as appointments to office or

12036-457: The English throne in 1042. This led to the establishment of a powerful Norman interest in English politics, as Edward drew heavily on his former hosts for support, bringing in Norman courtiers, soldiers, and clerics and appointing them to positions of power, particularly in the Church. Childless and embroiled in conflict with the formidable Godwin, Earl of Wessex , and his sons, Edward may also have encouraged Duke William of Normandy's ambitions for

12213-579: The English throne. When King Edward died at the beginning of 1066, the lack of a clear heir led to a disputed succession in which several contenders laid claim to the throne of England. Edward's immediate successor was the Earl of Wessex , Harold Godwinson, the richest and most powerful of the English aristocrats. Harold was elected king by the Witenagemot of England and crowned by the Archbishop of York, Ealdred , although Norman propaganda claimed

12390-507: The English troops appear to have pursued the fleeing Bretons. Norman cavalry then attacked and killed the pursuing troops. While the Bretons were fleeing, rumours swept the Norman forces that the duke had been killed, but William rallied his troops. Twice more the Normans made feigned withdrawals , tempting the English into pursuit, and allowing the Norman cavalry to attack them repeatedly. The available sources are more confused about events in

12567-467: The Englishmen at Hastings are known; the most important were Harold's brothers Gyrth and Leofwine . About 18 other named individuals can reasonably be assumed to have fought with Harold at Hastings, including two other relatives. The battle began at about 9 am on 14 October 1066 and lasted all day, but while a broad outline is known, the exact events are obscured by contradictory accounts in

12744-491: The LEP commander; and Foaly , a centaur and the main technology supervisor for the LEP, make an agreement with Artemis to work together to stop the goblin rebellion, with the help of Mulch Diggums half-way through. In the end, to fulfill their part of the agreement, they help Artemis find his father, who had been missing for the past two or three years. Artemis Fowl and the Eternity Code covers Jon Spiro 's theft of

12921-477: The LEP to undermine his plot, the book concludes with Artemis finally releasing Holly, in exchange for having his mother cured of madness and half of the ransomed gold that he had persuaded the fairies to give him restored to them, manipulating the LEP's honor system and time-stop to prevent them from killing him afterward. Artemis Fowl and the Arctic Incident is the second book of the series. It follows

13098-465: The LEP. His inventions prove instrumental in aiding his friends, such as Holly Short and Artemis, during perilous missions. Foaly's creations also play a role in capturing the notorious dwarf criminal, Mulch Diggums, despite their strained relationship. Among Foaly's notable inventions are the dart finger used by Root to incapacitate Briar Cudgeon in the first book, the Iris Cam for covert surveillance,

13275-664: The Lower Elements, especially given the even rarer occurrence of pixie twins. Aligned with Opal Koboi , the Brill brothers serve as her loyal agents, showcasing competence and unwavering dedication. Initially tasked with janitorial duties at the J. Argon clinic, they execute a power disruption to facilitate Koboi's escape, replacing her with a clone . Throughout the narrative, they fulfill various roles for Koboi, including piloting her shuttle, providing security, and culinary responsibilities. However, Koboi's demeanor shifts drastically following her rescue, exhibiting paranoia and

13452-466: The Norman forces there again drove them back across the Humber. William advanced into Northumbria, defeating an attempt to block his crossing of the swollen River Aire at Pontefract . The Danes fled at his approach, and he occupied York. He bought off the Danes, who agreed to leave England in the spring, and during the winter of 1069–70 his forces systematically devastated Northumbria in the Harrying of

13629-496: The Normans constructed castles and fortifications in unprecedented numbers, initially mostly on the motte-and-bailey pattern. Historian Robert Liddiard remarks that "to glance at the urban landscape of Norwich, Durham or Lincoln is to be forcibly reminded of the impact of the Norman invasion". William and his barons also exercised tighter control over inheritance of property by widows and daughters, often forcing marriages to Normans. A measure of William's success in taking control

13806-535: The Normans managed to construct a pontoon to reach the Isle of Ely, defeated the rebels at the bridgehead and stormed the island, marking the effective end of English resistance. Morcar was imprisoned for the rest of his life; Hereward was pardoned and had his lands returned to him. William faced difficulties in his continental possessions in 1071, but in 1072 he returned to England and marched north to confront King Malcolm III of Scotland . This campaign, which included

13983-479: The North , subduing all resistance. As a symbol of his renewed authority over the north, William ceremonially wore his crown at York on Christmas Day 1069. In early 1070, having secured the submission of Waltheof and Gospatric, and driven Edgar and his remaining supporters back to Scotland, William returned to Mercia, where he based himself at Chester and crushed all remaining resistance in the area before returning to

14160-612: The People and a reluctant Short in resolving conflicts with worldwide ramifications. His moral compass develops throughout the series. The Fowl Twins series, alternatively titled the Second Cycle of The Fowl Adventures , set five years later, follows Artemis' younger twin brothers as they live out their house arrest under the supervision of "pixel" Lazuli Heitz, an elf-pixie hybrid, and NANNI , an artificial intelligence based on Holly's and Artemis' brainwaves. Artemis Fowl

14337-878: The Retimager for retina scanning, and the Titanium Pod, a magma -propelled vehicle. These innovations underscore Foaly's indispensable contributions to the fairy world's technological advancement and security. Angeline Fowl is introduced as the mother of Artemis Fowl II , described as attractive in her normal state. However, following the disappearance of her husband, Artemis Fowl I , she experiences psychological distress, displaying symptoms resembling schizophrenia and bipolar disorder . Angeline exhibits aversions to certain individuals, including Juliet Butler, as well as to being addressed as "Mother" by Artemis. She suffers from hallucinations and delusions, often mistaking objects for her husband or reliving past events. Throughout

14514-602: The Vikings in the region became known as the "Northmen" which "Normandy" and "Normans" are derived from. The Normans quickly adopted the indigenous culture as they became assimilated by the French, renouncing paganism and converting to Christianity . They adopted the Old French language of their new home and added features from their own Old Norse language, transforming it into the Norman language . They intermarried with

14691-621: The Wild , in alliance with the Welsh rulers of Gwynedd and Powys , raised a revolt in western Mercia , fighting Norman forces based in Hereford . These events forced William to return to England at the end of 1067. In 1068 William besieged rebels in Exeter , including Harold's mother Gytha, and after suffering heavy losses managed to negotiate the town's surrender. In May, William's wife Matilda

14868-562: The Wind ." on the book shelf of Butler's residence in the fictional village of Duncade, Ireland , where he was awaiting Artemis's return. Juliet Butler, the younger sister of Domovoi Butler , is introduced in Artemis Fowl , as a charming but initially clueless character. While she doesn't play a significant role in the kidnapping of Holly Short, she occasionally oversees the imprisoned fairy. In "Artemis Fowl: The Eternity Code," Juliet undergoes training at Madame Ko's academy, aiming to acquire

15045-462: The ability to dispose of their property as they wished. Debate over the conquest started almost immediately. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle , when discussing the death of William the Conqueror, denounced him and the conquest in verse, but the king's obituary notice from William of Poitiers, a Frenchman, was full of praise. Historians since then have argued over the facts of the matter and how to interpret them, with little agreement. The theory or myth of

15222-470: The afternoon, but it appears that the decisive event was the death of Harold, about which different stories are told. William of Jumieges claimed that Harold was killed by the duke. The Bayeux Tapestry has been claimed to show Harold's death by an arrow to the eye, but this may be a later reworking of the tapestry to conform to 12th-century stories that Harold had died from an arrow wound to the head. Other sources stated that no one knew how Harold died because

15399-506: The announcement. On 12 September 2017, Disney announced that the film adaptation would be released on 9 August 2019. It was also announced to be based on the first two books in the series. It was announced on 11 October 2017 that Disney removed Harvey Weinstein as the producer of the film as well as terminating its production with The Weinstein Company following a sexual misconduct controversy involving Weinstein . On 20 December 2017, it

15576-555: The assets of the native nobles. In 1070 Sweyn II of Denmark arrived to take personal command of his fleet and renounced the earlier agreement to withdraw, sending troops into the Fens to join forces with English rebels led by Hereward the Wake , at that time based on the Isle of Ely . Sweyn soon accepted a further payment of Danegeld from William, and returned home. After the departure of

15753-620: The battle remain obscure, with contradictory accounts in the sources, but all agree that William led his army from his castle and advanced towards the enemy. Harold had taken up a defensive position at the top of Senlac Hill (present-day Battle, East Sussex ), about 6 miles (10 kilometres) from William's castle at Hastings. Contemporary sources do not give reliable data on the size and composition of Harold's army, although two Norman sources give figures of 1.2 million or 400,000 men. Recent historians have suggested figures of between 5000 and 13,000 for Harold's army at Hastings, but most agree on

15930-409: The book series in the film, with Fowl switched from antagonist to protagonist , and Short being relegated from protagonist to supporting character . McDonnell's casting was also criticised as whitewashing due to Short being physically described in the book series as having nut-brown skin of a coffee complexion. The casting of Nonso Anozie as Butler was also criticised for several reasons: that

16107-484: The brothers reappear in a younger form, aiding a past version of Opal Koboi in enhancing her magical powers. However, their involvement leads to a confrontation with Koboi, resulting in a narrow escape from her wrath, underscoring the precariousness of their allegiance to her. Domovoi Butler serves as Artemis Fowl II 's dedicated bodyguard, continuing a long-standing tradition within the Butler family lineage dating back to

16284-569: The building housing Spiro's company, and retrieve the C Cube again. The book ends with the fairies and Foaly mind-wiping the three humans, and Artemis gives Mulch Diggums a (supposed) medallion that Holly gave to Artemis in The Arctic Incident , which is actually a disc that will bring back his memories of the fairies. The fourth book, Artemis Fowl and the Opal Deception , covers power-hungry and insane pixie Opal Koboi 's second attempt at world domination, after her first fruitless attempt in

16461-555: The capital by a more circuitous route. William moved up the Thames valley to cross the river at Wallingford , Berkshire; while there he received the submission of Stigand. He then travelled north-east along the Chilterns , before advancing towards London from the north-west, fighting further engagements against forces from the city. Having failed to muster an effective military response, Edgar's leading supporters lost their nerve, and

16638-407: The ceremony was performed by Stigand , the uncanonically elected Archbishop of Canterbury . Harold was immediately challenged by two powerful neighbouring rulers. Duke William claimed that he had been promised the throne by King Edward and that Harold had sworn agreement to this; King Harald III of Norway, commonly known as Harald Hardrada , also contested the succession. His claim to the throne

16815-435: The character is described as Eurasian who can pass as Japanese and Russian in the book series, and that the character's physical description of terrifying anyone in his presence, combined with his backstory of his family having served the Fowl family for centuries and Anozie's casting, embodies several stereotypes of African Americans , in particular the "scary black man" and "black servant" tropes. On 26 May 2023,

16992-810: The childless Anglo-Saxon king Edward the Confessor , who may have encouraged William's hopes for the throne. Edward died in January 1066 and was succeeded by his brother-in-law Harold Godwinson . The Norwegian king Harald Hardrada invaded northern England in September 1066 and was victorious at the Battle of Fulford on 20 September, but Godwinson's army defeated and killed Hardrada at the Battle of Stamford Bridge on 25 September. Three days later on 28 September, William's invasion force of thousands of men and hundreds of ships landed at Pevensey in Sussex in southern England. Harold marched south to oppose him, leaving

17169-477: The conquest on the lower levels of English society is difficult to assess. The major change was the elimination of slavery in England , which had disappeared by the middle of the 12th century. There were about 28,000 slaves listed in the Domesday Book in 1086, fewer than had been enumerated for 1066. In some places, such as Essex, the decline in slaves was 20 per cent for the 20 years. The main reasons for

17346-587: The conquest was the introduction of Anglo-Norman , a northern dialect of Old French with limited Nordic influences, as the language of the ruling classes in England, displacing Old English. Norman French words entered the English language, and a further sign of the shift was the usage of names common in France instead of Anglo-Saxon names . Male names such as William , Robert , and Richard soon became common; female names changed more slowly. The Norman invasion had little impact on placenames , which had changed significantly after earlier Scandinavian invasions . It

17523-763: The dangers of her altered state. Caballine, also known as Caballine Wanderford Paddox Foaly, is introduced as Foaly's love interest in Artemis Fowl: The Lost Colony. A researcher for PPTV and a sculptor , she forms a connection with Foaly through discussions about his mood blanket . They establish a routine of jogging together each morning, except during emergencies. Their relationship deepens in Artemis Fowl: The Time Paradox , where Foaly and Caballine marry during Artemis' and Holly's three-year absence while time traveling. Foaly recalls their initial encounter when Caballine

17700-519: The decades after 1066. Although earlier historians argued that women became less free and lost rights with the conquest, current scholarship has mostly rejected this view. Little is known about women other than those in the landholding class, so no conclusions can be drawn about peasant women's status after 1066. Noblewomen appear to have continued to influence political life mainly through their kinship relationships. Both before and after 1066 aristocratic women could own land, and some women continued to have

17877-510: The decline in slaveholding appear to have been the disapproval of the Church and the cost of supporting slaves who, unlike serfs , had to be maintained entirely by their owners. The practice of slavery was not outlawed, and the Leges Henrici Primi from the reign of King Henry I continue to mention slaveholding as legal. Many of the free peasants of Anglo-Saxon society appear to have lost status and become indistinguishable from

18054-475: The demon warlock N°1, who is kidnapped by child prodigy Minerva Paradizo. Minerva intends to present N°1 to humans as a ploy to win the Nobel Prize. She eventually lets go of her project and joins them after Billy Kong, her security guard, turns against her in her own home. Artemis, Holly, N°1, and Qwan, another demon warlock, travel through time and space to Hybras, which Artemis had planned to get rid of with

18231-463: The earth and that he is simply taking them back or repossessing the items. In the early books, he assisted the LEP against Artemis Fowl, although later, he sides with Artemis Fowl. Eventually, when the fairies and Artemis are on stable ground, he joins forces with the Fairy People on many adventures, acting as an LEP helper at the beginning of The Time Paradox . Julius Root commanded the LEPrecon and

18408-519: The eight-book Artemis Fowl , follows elf Lower Elements Police Reconnaissance (LEPRecon) officer Holly Short as she faces the forces of criminal mastermind Artemis Fowl II ; later on in the cycle the adversaries are forced to work together, gradually becoming firm friends/brief love interests while saving the world. The second cycle, the three-book The Fowl Twins , received commercial success and positive critical reception. It has also originated graphic novel adaptations. In 2010, Artemis Fowl

18585-400: The elf Holly Short. Mulch Diggums (under the pseudonym Mo Digence) is hired alongside Loafers McGuire by Spiro to kidnap Artemis to access the C Cube, which is encrypted by an Eternity Code only Artemis knows how to decrypt. Holly agrees to help, but with the condition that Artemis and his allies are to be mind-wiped. With the help of the dwarf and Butler's sister, Juliet, they raid Spiro Needle,

18762-401: The elite fled into exile. To control his new kingdom, William granted lands to his followers and built castles commanding military strong points throughout the land. The Domesday Book , a manuscript record of the "Great Survey" of much of England and parts of Wales, was completed by 1086. Other effects of the conquest included the court and government, the introduction of a dialect of French as

18939-602: The father of Artemis Fowl II , is depicted as a wealthy Irishman with a reputation as a criminal mastermind. He disappears in Murmansk , Russia , before the events of the series, prompting a search that forms the central plot of Artemis Fowl: The Arctic Incident. Although mentioned throughout the series, Artemis Fowl I makes physical appearances only in the second book and in Artemis Fowl:The Time Paradox . Upon his return, Artemis Fowl I expresses

19116-458: The fictional C Cube and its recovery. Jon Spiro is an American businessman who has his bodyguard Arno Blunt kill Butler and steals Artemis's C Cube, which is a handheld supercomputer that he made from stolen fairy technology left over from the Fowl Manor siege in book 1. Artemis puts Butler into a fish freezer in an emergency attempt at cryonic preservation, and he is eventually resurrected by

19293-609: The film was removed from Disney+ as part of a Disney+ and Hulu purge. Norman conquest The Norman Conquest (or the Conquest ) was the 11th-century invasion and occupation of England by an army made up of thousands of Norman , French , Flemish , and Breton troops, all led by the Duke of Normandy , later styled William the Conqueror . William's claim to the English throne derived from his familial relationship with

19470-408: The first gate, which releases the spirits of the warriors into the living world. The warriors begin to possess other people and animals around them, including corpses, animals, Juliet Butler, and Artemis's toddler brothers, Myles and Beckett. After escaping Opal and the possessed beings, they attempt to stop Opal from opening the second gate, which will unleash the power of Danu destroying every human on

19647-445: The forces of Eadric the Wild, together with his Welsh allies and further rebel forces from Cheshire and Shropshire, attacked the castle at Shrewsbury . In the southwest, rebels from Devon and Cornwall attacked the Norman garrison at Exeter but were repulsed by the defenders and scattered by a Norman relief force under Count Brian. Other rebels from Dorset , Somerset and neighbouring areas besieged Montacute Castle but were defeated by

19824-475: The heist of the Spiro Needle to retrieve the C Cube. Realizing her true calling, Juliet decides to pursue a career as a professional wrestler under the alias "Jade Princess," departing for America. In The Last Guardian , Juliet falls under the control of berserkers, posing a threat to her loved ones. She is manipulated into attacking Domovoi Butler while caring for Myles and Beckett Fowl, highlighting

20001-448: The invasion until he could make an unopposed landing. The Normans crossed to England a few days after Harold's victory over the Norwegians at Stamford Bridge on 25 September, following the dispersal of Harold's naval force. They landed at Pevensey in Sussex on 28 September and erected a wooden castle at Hastings , from which they raided the surrounding area. This ensured supplies for the army, and as Harold and his family held many of

20178-399: The invasion, but William claimed ultimate possession of the land in England over which his armies had given him de facto control, and asserted the right to dispose of it as he saw fit. Henceforth, all land was "held" directly from the king in feudal tenure in return for military service. A Norman lord typically had properties scattered piecemeal throughout England and Normandy, and not in

20355-428: The invasion. William's army assembled during the summer while an invasion fleet in Normandy was constructed. Although the army and fleet were ready by early August, adverse winds kept the ships in Normandy until late September. There were probably other reasons for William's delay, including intelligence reports from England revealing that Harold's forces were deployed along the coast. William would have preferred to delay

20532-404: The lands in the area, it weakened William's opponent and made him more likely to attack to put an end to the raiding. Harold, after defeating his brother Tostig and Harald Hardrada in the north, left much of his force there, including Morcar and Edwin, and marched the rest of his army south to deal with the threatened Norman invasion. It is unclear when Harold learned of William's landing, but it

20709-409: The language of the elites, and changes in the composition of the upper classes, as William enfeoffed lands to be held directly from the king. More gradual changes affected the agricultural classes and village life: the main change appears to have been the formal elimination of slavery , which may or may not have been linked to the invasion. There was little alteration in the structure of government, as

20886-511: The leader of the Extinctionists. When Artemis almost dies, a relieved Holly kisses him but turns neutral once Artemis admits he lied to her regarding the disease his mother "got from Holly". Things get more complicated when Opal Koboi is revealed to be controlling the Extinctionists and feeding on the brain fluids of many extremely rare animals. These fluids grant her special abilities and extraordinary prowess in certain fields (particularly

21063-439: The leading men of the city, on 24 September the Norwegians moved east to the tiny village of Stamford Bridge . King Harold probably learned of the Norwegian invasion in mid-September and rushed north, gathering forces as he went. The royal forces probably took nine days to cover the distance from London to York, averaging almost 25 miles (40 kilometres) per day. At dawn on 25 September Harold's forces reached York, where he learned

21240-505: The live bomb Billy Kong had given Holly to annihilate the demons in Hybras, due to his belief that his brother was killed by a gang of demons. In Hybras, the pack leader Leon Abbot (N'Zall) and his army of demons fight Artemis and his friends. They knock Leon unconscious and create a bomb explosion powerful enough for them to use its energy – converting it into enough magic to send the island back to earth, where three years have passed because of

21417-590: The local population and used the territory granted to them as a base to extend the frontiers of the duchy westward, annexing territory including the Bessin , the Cotentin Peninsula and Avranches . In 1002, English king Æthelred the Unready married Emma of Normandy , the sister of Richard II, Duke of Normandy . Their son Edward the Confessor , who spent many years in exile in Normandy, succeeded to

21594-437: The location of the Norwegians. The English then marched on the invaders and took them by surprise, defeating them in the Battle of Stamford Bridge . Harald of Norway and Tostig were killed, and the Norwegians suffered such horrific losses that only 24 of the original 300 ships were required to carry away the survivors. The English victory was costly, however, as Harold's army was left in a battered and weakened state, and far from

21771-481: The magical). The chase finally leads to the past and future Artemises reaching an agreement, whereupon Artemis and Holly are teleported to the future, while past Artemis is mind-wiped. Near to the ending, Opal is revealed to have possessed Angeline Fowl. At the close of the book, past Artemis wakes from a dream with thoughts of fairies, which suggests that Artemis's time travel was the catalyst for his kidnapping scheme in Artemis Fowl. Artemis contracts Atlantis Complex,

21948-481: The medallion, and Mulch, Artemis, Holly, and Butler thwart Opal Koboi yet again. Artemis Fowl and the Lost Colony involves bringing the demon island Hybras back from "Limbo" with the help of N°1, a powerful demon warlock. Artemis, Butler, Holly, Mulch, and Foaly reunite after Artemis encounters a demon from the island Hybras, and Holly and Mulch capture the pixie fish smuggler Doodah Day. Foaly tells them after

22125-517: The misfortune of having a terrible-looking face, the result of illegal mind-boosting liquid colliding with tranquilizer Julius Root used in the first novel. Looking for revenge, Cudgeon teams up with Opal Koboi in The Arctic Incident . Their plan suddenly goes wrong when LEP technical consultant Foaly inserts a video in Koboi Laboratories to expose Briar Cudgeon's confessions to treachery to Opal. Enraged by this, Opal attacks Cudgeon, and in

22302-444: The moniker "Leon Abbot," derived from a character in the book Lady Heatherington Smythe's Hedgerow, whom he admires. While Holly speculates that Abbot suffers from acquired situational narcissism, author Eoin Colfer portrays him as "psychopathic" in "The Time Paradox." To prevent him from causing harm, Abbot's consciousness is transferred to a guinea pig in Artemis Fowl: The Lost Colony. In "Artemis Fowl: The Atlantis Complex,"

22479-559: The moniker "the Grouch" for his penchant for stealing Academy Awards . Despite his criminal inclinations, he aids Artemis and his allies in infiltrating Opal Koboi's lab before evading capture once again. Subsequently, Mulch relocates to Chicago and becomes involved with the Antonelli crime family. Despite initially working as a mobster, he ultimately thwarts their plans targeting Artemis and his associates. Mulch's involvement in retrieving

22656-683: The new Norman administrators took over many of the forms of Anglo-Saxon government. In 911, the Carolingian French ruler Charles the Simple allowed a group of Vikings under their leader Rollo to settle in Normandy as part of the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte . In exchange for the land, the Norsemen under Rollo were expected to provide protection along the coast against further Viking invaders. Their settlement proved successful and

22833-412: The non-free serfs. Whether this change was due entirely to the conquest is unclear, but the invasion and its after-effects probably accelerated a process already underway. The spread of towns and increase in nucleated settlements in the countryside, rather than scattered farms, was probably accelerated by the coming of the Normans to England. The lifestyle of the peasantry probably did not greatly change in

23010-619: The official Fairy language "Gnommish", and extensive knowledge in psychology gleaned from numerous textbooks. He possesses an exceptionally high IQ, surpassing that of most psychiatrists in Europe, and demonstrates prowess in activities ranging from chess to art forgery . Throughout the series, Artemis displays a penchant for orchestrating complex schemes and heists, such as stealing the painting "The Fairy Thief" and engaging in online chess tournaments. His encounters with fairies, including Holly Short, further demonstrate his adaptability and strategic thinking. Artemis Fowl's character development

23187-417: The only cure lies in the brain fluids of the silky sifaka lemur, the last of which Artemis sold to a group named the Extinctionists when he was 10 to procure money to fund the expedition to search for his father. N°1 sends Artemis and Holly to the past, where Artemis must battle his former self to recover the last silky sifaka lemur before the younger Artemis kills it in a business transaction with Damon Kronski,

23364-439: The opportunity to become a hero. This interaction serves as a catalyst for Artemis II's character development. Artemis Fowl II is the central character and antihero of the series, renowned for his exceptional intellect and cunning. His discovery of the existence of fairies sets off a series of adventures that showcase his ingenuity and resourcefulness. Fowl's remarkable abilities include fluency in various languages, including

23541-649: The original series, Artemis Fowl and the Last Guardian , was released on 10 July 2012. Opal Koboi opens the Berserker's Gate, a portal located on the Fowl Estate, in which dwell the spirits of fairy soldiers, the last victims of the Battle of Taillte, the final blow in the war that sent the Fairy People underground. Artemis, after his last session of being cured of Atlantis Complex, rushes to stop her along with Holly Short and Butler. They fail, and Opal opens

23718-476: The press of battle was so tight around the king that the soldiers could not see who struck the fatal blow. William of Poitiers gives no details about Harold's death. The day after the battle, Harold's body was identified, either by his armour or marks on his body. The bodies of the English dead, who included some of Harold's brothers and his housecarls , were left on the battlefield, although some were removed by relatives later. Gytha , Harold's mother, offered

23895-407: The project as executive producers. In September 2015, Variety reported that Kenneth Branagh had been hired to direct the film for Disney, with Irish playwright Conor McPherson as screenwriter and Judy Hofflund as an executive producer. Eoin Colfer confirmed this in a video to Artemis Fowl Confidential, and spoke with RTE Radio 1 about meeting Branagh several times to discuss this prior to

24072-455: The proprietor of a health clinic. In "Artemis Fowl: The Opal Deception," Argon tends to Opal Koboi, a prominent patient in a self-induced coma, whose presence ensures financial support for the clinic. Despite Koboi's manipulative influence, Argon demonstrates reluctance to release her due to the financial benefits. In subsequent installments, such as "Artemis Fowl: The Atlantis Complex" and "Artemis Fowl: The Last Guardian," Argon continues to play

24249-435: The rescue of Artemis's father Artemis Fowl I from the Russian Mafia, alongside the battle against the B'wa Kell goblin gang who have allied themselves with the maniacal genius pixie Opal Koboi and officer Briar Cudgeon helping her out. The LEP originally suspects Artemis of orchestrating the goblin rebellion, but he is cleared of all suspicion after being inspected with a Retimager. Holly Short , an LEP captain; Julius Root,

24426-630: The revolt. Roger was unable to leave his stronghold in Herefordshire because of efforts by Wulfstan , the Bishop of Worcester , and Æthelwig , the Abbot of Evesham . Ralph was bottled up in Norwich Castle by the combined efforts of Odo of Bayeux, Geoffrey of Coutances, Richard fitzGilbert , and William de Warenne . Norwich was besieged and surrendered, and Ralph went into exile. Meanwhile,

24603-475: The rightness or wrongness of the conquest itself, instead concentrating on the effects of the invasion. Some, such as Richard Southern , have seen the conquest as a critical turning point in history. Southern stated that "no country in Europe, between the rise of the barbarian kingdoms and the 20th century, has undergone so radical a change in so short a time as England experienced after 1066". Other historians, such as H. G. Richardson and G. O. Sayles, believe that

24780-406: The rights of free men. Shires were run by officials known as shire reeves or sheriffs . Most medieval governments were always on the move, holding court wherever the weather and food or other matters were best at the moment; England had a permanent treasury at Winchester before William's conquest. One major reason for the strength of the English monarchy was the wealth of the kingdom, built on

24957-502: The same professional role and physical stature. Mervall and Descant Brill, commonly known as "the Brill brothers," are twin pixies featured in Artemis Fowl: The Opal Deception . While Mervall, the elder twin, is regarded as the more intelligent of the two, they share a close bond, often completing each other's sentences. Their rare status as fairy twins contributes to their celebrity-like recognition in

25134-455: The second gate. Foaly sends the clone of Opal that she created in the 4th book, and using her hand he is able to make the clone close the gates since the magic recognizes the clone's DNA as Opal's. All the fairies in the circle are drawn to the afterlife, and as Artemis has one of Holly's eyes from book five, Artemis is also sent to the afterlife. However, Artemis's humanity and sheer willpower enables his spirit to stay on Earth. Foaly prepares

25311-469: The second novel . Koboi mesmerizes Giovanni Zito, a fictional environmentalist, into believing that she is his daughter, Belinda. She then convinces Giovanni to send a probe into the ground, which could lead to the uncovering of the fairy world, thrusting the fairy city of Haven into human clutches. In the process of stopping her, Commander Root is killed and the mind-wiped Artemis and Butler are saved from her bio-bomb. The two have their memories restored from

25488-415: The series was released on 5 November 2019. The Fowl Twins Deny All Charges is the second book in the series, and was released on 20 October 2020. The Fowl Twins Get What They Deserve is the third book in the series, and was released on 19 October 2021. Artemis Fowl: The Seventh Dwarf is a short story written for World Book Day set between the first and second books. The Artemis Fowl Files

25665-418: The series, Artemis struggles with his relationship with his mother. In "Artemis Fowl: The Opal Deception," he experiences guilt over deceiving her to obtain a painting. Angeline appears sporadically in the first four books, with her involvement increasing as the series progresses. In "Artemis Fowl: The Time Paradox," Angeline falls ill with Spelltropy, prompting Artemis II to embark on a time-traveling quest for

25842-401: The setting aside of large sections of England as royal forest . The Domesday survey was an administrative catalogue of the landholdings of the kingdom, and was unique to medieval Europe. It was divided into sections based on the shires, and listed all the landholdings of each tenant-in-chief of the king as well as who had held the land before the conquest. One of the most obvious effects of

26019-450: The skills mastered by her brother. Despite her initially flighty demeanor, Juliet demonstrates exceptional marksmanship, capable of hitting any moving target with precision. However, she fails to attain the coveted blue diamond tattoo awarded to Madame Ko's bodyguards due to a lack of discipline. Returning to her brother's side after he is shot, Juliet aids Artemis in thwarting an assassination attempt by an American hitman and participates in

26196-411: The sources. Although the numbers on each side were probably about equal, William had both cavalry and infantry, including many archers, while Harold had only foot soldiers and few archers. The English soldiers formed up as a shield wall along the ridge, and were at first so effective that William's army was thrown back with heavy casualties. Some of William's Breton troops panicked and fled, and some of

26373-464: The south, the Danes joined forces with a new Northumbrian uprising, which was also joined by Edgar, Gospatric and the other exiles from Scotland as well as Waltheof. The combined Danish and English forces defeated the Norman garrison at York, seized the castles and took control of Northumbria, although a raid into Lincolnshire led by Edgar was defeated by the Norman garrison of Lincoln . At the same time resistance flared up again in western Mercia, where

26550-471: The south. Papal legates arrived and at Easter re-crowned William, which would have symbolically reasserted his right to the kingdom. William also oversaw a purge of prelates from the Church, most notably Stigand, who was deposed from Canterbury. The papal legates also imposed penances on William and those of his supporters who had taken part in Hastings and the subsequent campaigns. As well as Canterbury,

26727-465: The south. Edwin and Morcar again submitted, while Gospatric fled to Scotland, as did Edgar the Ætheling and his family, who may have been involved in these revolts. Meanwhile, Harold's sons, who had taken refuge in Ireland, raided Somerset , Devon and Cornwall from the sea. Early in 1069 the newly installed Norman Earl of Northumbria, Robert de Comines , and several hundred soldiers accompanying him were massacred at Durham. The Northumbrian rebellion

26904-426: The south. Although Harold Godwinson had married Edwin and Morcar's sister Ealdgyth , the two earls may have distrusted Harold and feared that the king would replace Morcar with Tostig. The result was that their forces were devastated and unable to participate in the rest of the campaigns of 1066, although the two earls survived the battle. Hardrada moved on to York, which surrendered to him. After taking hostages from

27081-425: The struggle, they smash into a pipeline containing reignited plasma, which violently fries Cudgeon to death, and gruesomely incapacitates Opal. Colfer has said in interviews that the series is about Artemis growing up. Themes of greed, trust, and the difference between good and evil are also present in the books. Colfer wanted to end the series with a simple choice between being kind without reward or being unkind for

27258-450: The supernatural eventually leads him into contact with the People in the first book. Due to a strict upbringing, and a lack of any intellectual equals to ground him, Artemis is socially awkward, his best friend and bodyguard Butler being one of the few individuals whom Artemis trusts. He is very pale with raven-black hair and blue eyes. In The Lost Colony , Holly Short and he switch eyes, leaving him with one blue eye and one hazel eye. Artemis

27435-492: The surface. While doing so, they (reluctantly) battle Artemis's possessed toddler brother Myles, who reveals to them Opal's plan after the fairy warrior spirit left his body. Artemis and his friends fail to destroy the second gate with a laser he created, and Mulch saves them from possessed pirate corpses, causing the spirits of fairy warriors to leave their bodies to the afterlife. They then enter Fowl Manor, where Artemis decides to sacrifice himself in order to stop Opal from opening

27612-399: The time spell. Unfortunately, Holly and Artemis find out that in the process of being brought back in time, they have swapped an eye. Artemis now has one hazel eye and one blue eye. Same with Holly. The book ends with Holly finding out that Mulch has recruited Doodah Day, and Artemis finds out that he is the brother of toddlers. Artemis's mother, Angeline Fowl, becomes ill with Spelltropy, and

27789-414: The transformation was less radical. In more general terms, Singman has called the conquest "the last echo of the national migrations that characterized the early Middle Ages". The debate over the impact of the conquest depends on how change after 1066 is measured. If Anglo-Saxon England was already evolving before the invasion, with the introduction of feudalism , castles or other changes in society, then

27966-463: The victorious duke the weight of her son's body in gold for its custody, but her offer was refused. William ordered that Harold's body be thrown into the sea, but whether that took place is unclear. Another story relates that Harold was buried at the top of a cliff. Waltham Abbey , which had been founded by Harold, later claimed that his body had been buried there secretly. Later legends claimed that Harold did not die at Hastings, but escaped and became

28143-519: The weaponry, wings, and other technical gadgets that the LEP use, such as the 'Iris Cam'. His sarcasm and talkative nature often annoy LEP officers, though his greatest pleasure outside of his engineering is aggravating the notoriously bad-tempered Commander Root. He 'hitches' or marries a centaur named Caballine in The Lost Colony while Captain Short and Artemis are in Limbo, and apparently has foals. He has

28320-475: The world on numerous occasions. Holly holds a disregard for the rules and orders given to her. She is also one of the best pilots in LEPrecon. Foaly is a centaur, technical genius, and computer geek. He works for the LEP, the fairy authorities, and is in charge of preventing humankind from discovering the fairy civilization. His intelligence makes him paranoiac, which causes him to wear a foil hat to "protect him from human mind-probing technology". He designs most of

28497-427: The years before 1100, but such marriages were uncommon. Most Normans continued to contract marriages with other Normans or other continental families rather than with the English. Within a century of the invasion, intermarriage between the native English and the Norman immigrants had become common. By the early 1160s, Ailred of Rievaulx was writing that intermarriage was common in all levels of society. The impact of

28674-450: The Ætheling, and Waltheof. Despite the submission of the English nobles, resistance continued for several years. William left control of England in the hands of his half-brother Odo and one of his closest supporters, William fitzOsbern . In 1067 rebels in Kent launched an unsuccessful attack on Dover Castle in combination with Eustace II of Boulogne . The Shropshire landowner Eadric

28851-475: Was announced that Irish newcomer Ferdia Shaw had been cast as Artemis Fowl II, alongside Judi Dench as Commander Root, Josh Gad as Mulch Diggums, Lara McDonnell as Captain Holly Short, and Nonso Anozie as Butler. Principal photography began in March ;2018 with filming in England, Northern Ireland, and Ho Chi Minh City . In May 2019, the film's originally scheduled release date of 9 August 2019

29028-481: Was assumed to be in development hell until 2011, when it was reported that Jim Sheridan was interested in directing the movie, with Saoirse Ronan attached to portray Holly Short. In July 2013, Walt Disney Pictures announced that an Artemis Fowl film covering the events of the first and second novels of the series would be produced by Disney and The Weinstein Company , with the screenplay by Michael Goldenberg . Robert De Niro and Jane Rosenthal signed onto

29205-738: Was based on an agreement between his predecessor, Magnus the Good , and the earlier English king, Harthacnut , whereby if either died without an heir, the other would inherit both England and Norway. William and Harald at once set about assembling troops and ships to invade England. In early 1066, Harold's exiled brother, Tostig Godwinson , raided southeastern England with a fleet he had recruited in Flanders , later joined by other ships from Orkney . Threatened by Harold's fleet, Tostig moved north and raided in East Anglia and Lincolnshire , but he

29382-567: Was crowned queen at Westminster, an important symbol of William's growing international stature. Later in the year Edwin and Morcar raised a revolt in Mercia with Welsh assistance, while Gospatric , the newly appointed Earl of Northumbria, led a rising in Northumbria, which had not yet been occupied by the Normans. These rebellions rapidly collapsed as William moved against them, building castles and installing garrisons as he had already done in

29559-455: Was crushed by the garrison of York. Harold's sons launched a second raid from Ireland and were defeated at the Battle of Northam in Devon by Norman forces under Count Brian , a son of Eudes, Count of Penthièvre . In August or September 1069 a large fleet sent by Sweyn II of Denmark arrived off the coast of England, sparking a new wave of rebellions across the country. After abortive raids in

29736-561: Was delayed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures to 29 May 2020, as part of a change to their release schedule, while Colin Farrell was announced to be portraying Artemis Fowl I. The film was pulled completely on 3 April 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic , and instead debuted on Disney+ , 12 June 2020. Upon the film's release, the film was criticised for the removal of the character arcs of both Artemis Fowl II and Holly Short from

29913-509: Was driven back to his ships by the brothers Edwin, Earl of Mercia , and Morcar, Earl of Northumbria . Deserted by most of his followers, Tostig withdrew to Scotland, where he spent the summer recruiting fresh forces. King Harold spent the summer on the south coast with a large army and fleet waiting for William to invade, but the bulk of his forces were militia who needed to harvest their crops, so on 8 September Harold dismissed them. Hardrada invaded northern England in early September, leading

30090-548: Was executed in May 1076. By that time William had returned to the continent, where Ralph was continuing the rebellion from Brittany. Once England had been conquered, the Normans faced many challenges in maintaining control. They were few in number compared to the native English population; including those from other parts of France, historians estimate the number of Norman landholders at around 8000. William's followers expected and received lands and titles in return for their service in

30267-511: Was in charge of all activities related to the tracking of those who leave fairy civilization, to prevent them making contact with humans. Known for his ruddy face (hence his nickname, "Beetroot") and extremely short temper, he led the LEPrecon on missions until Koboi killed him with an explosive in The Opal Deception and framed Holly Short. He usually despised Holly's disregard for rules and orders. However, Root also seems to have been

30444-564: Was joined by Edgar, Gospatric, Siward Barn and other rebels who had taken refuge in Scotland. The castellan of York, Robert fitzRichard, was defeated and killed, and the rebels besieged the Norman castle at York. William hurried north with an army, defeated the rebels outside York and pursued them into the city, massacring the inhabitants and bringing the revolt to an end. He built a second castle at York, strengthened Norman forces in Northumbria and then returned south. A subsequent local uprising

30621-453: Was mistakenly identified as a goblin bank robber by his security systems, a humorous anecdote they share. In "Artemis Fowl: The Last Guardian," Caballine becomes a target of Opal Koboi's assassination attempt, orchestrated by sending escaped goblin criminals after her. Utilizing her knowledge of the "ancient centaurian martial art of Nine Sticks," Caballine manages to delay the attackers, allowing Foaly to intervene and rescue her by initiating

30798-411: Was not well understood by the nobility. An estimated 8000 Normans and other continentals settled in England as a result of the conquest, although exact figures cannot be established. Some of these new residents intermarried with the native English, but the extent of this practice in the years immediately after Hastings is unclear. Several marriages are attested between Norman men and English women during

30975-465: Was probably while he was travelling south. Harold stopped in London for about a week before reaching Hastings, so it is likely that he took a second week to march south, averaging about 27 miles (43 kilometres) per day, for the nearly 200 miles (320 kilometres) to London. Although Harold attempted to surprise the Normans, William's scouts reported the English arrival to the duke. The exact events preceding

31152-494: Was released on 4 December 2009. The audiobooks were narrated by Nathaniel Parker . Adrian Dunbar and Enn Reitel narrated certain versions from different audiobook companies. In November 2020, Eoin Colfer indicated interest in bringing the franchise to another medium, such as a musical . In November 2021, Colfer revealed he had thought about writing a " superviolent " follow-up to the Artemis Fowl series inspired by Old Man Logan , following an older Artemis as he becomes

31329-584: Was selected by readers and voters as their favorite Puffin Books title of all time. A film adaptation based on the first novel was in the process of development by Disney from 2016, and eventually released on the Disney+ streaming service on June 12, 2020 to a poor reception, before being removed from the service on May 26, 2023. In the first book, Artemis Fowl , pitched as " Die Hard with fairies", twelve-year-old child prodigy Artemis Fowl II and his bodyguard Butler kidnap Holly Short , an elf and

#539460