34-531: Arundel Terrace is a road in Kemp Town , Brighton , containing 1–13 Arundel Terrace, a row of Grade I listed buildings ; numbers 12–13 are known as Arundel House . The buildings were built between 1824 and 1828 by Amon Wilds and Charles Busby . The Arundel Terrace houses were built for Thomas Read Kemp by Amon Wilds and Charles Busby between 1824 and 1828. All were constructed with Doric porches and ironwork balconies, although not all these remain, and
68-499: A Grade I listed building . In 2015, Arundel Terrace was included in plans made for a proposal for Brighton Promenade to become a UNESCO World Heritage Site . Kemp Town Kemp Town Estate , also known as Kemp Town , is a 19th-century Regency architecture residential estate in the east of Brighton in East Sussex , England. It consists of Arundel Terrace , Lewes Crescent, Sussex Square , Chichester Terrace, and
102-421: A nursing home , and in the 1950 it was converted into a guest house . Number One was the home of lawyer and financier Chevalier François de Rosaz; in his will, de Rosaz asked for the building to be converted into a Catholic asylum. Number 5 has had a string of interesting owners and residents. From 1853–57, it was the home of writer William Harrison Ainsworth ; during his time living at 5 Arundel Terrace, he wrote
136-656: A chapel at Gravesend Cemetery. These were of brick with pink stucco façades and were also in the Classical/Greek Revival style. Later in his life, Wilds junior experimented in other areas: he invented a new way of cleaning chimneys, proposed a breakwater to protect Brighton's coastline, and served as an officer of the Brighton Commissioners for three years from 1842. In 1852, the Commissioners asked him to plant elm trees along
170-493: A crescent-shaped façade and the shells of houses; buyers could then add internal fittings as they wished. They were built in around 1822 and are listed at Grade II. Between 1822 and 1825, Wilds and Busby designed and built Gothic House on Western Road at the top of Western Terrace. Regency Gothic in style, it represents the only occasion they attempted the Gothic Revival style. It is a Grade II-listed building. On
204-512: A move towards the Italianate style when that became popular later. His most distinctive and famous motif—which his father also used, and which had been developed during their time in partnership in Lewes—was the ammonite capital . This was a type of Ionic capital used to decorate the top of pilasters and columns; it took the spiral shape of an ammonite fossil. As well as approving of
238-625: A new crescent for the growing seaside town of Worthing , 11 miles west along the coast. Originally to be called Royal Park Crescent, it became known simply as Park Crescent . Wilds also designed a triumphal arch and Swiss Cottages for the site. On Montpelier Road in the Montpelier area of Brighton, he built numbers 53 to 56—a three-storey terrace of four houses designed as two identical pairs—in about 1830. The entrances are between Doric pilasters, and there are ammonite capitals at second-floor level. There are small cast-iron balconies outside
272-413: A small but increasingly fashionable seaside resort on the East Sussex coast. In the 1820s, when Wilds, his father Amon Wilds and Charles Busby were at their most active, nearly 4,000 new houses were built, along with many hotels, churches and venues for socialising; most of these still survive, giving Brighton a distinctive Regency-era character, and many are listed buildings . Amon Henry Wilds
306-513: A tall, steam-heated glasshouse called the Athenaeum, a library, museum and school, all surrounded by high-class houses. Wilds junior started building two north–south terraces accordingly, but Phillips' money ran out and he abandoned the project. A local magistrate bought the land in 1827 and asked Wilds junior to finish the work. Sillwood Place was built on the proposed Athenaeum site. Ammonite capitals feature prominently on Oriental Place, which
340-596: Is Grade II-listed. Around the same time he also worked on 1a Castle Square a short distance away. Wilds Junior's last work in Brighton was the Victoria Fountain in Old Steine. Partly paid for by public donations, it was unveiled on 24 May 1846—Queen Victoria's 27th birthday—and is now a Grade II listed structure. It consists of two cast-iron or bronze basins, one of which stands on three dolphins, and
374-555: Is listed at Grade II*. Wilds junior also built Hanover Crescent, to the northeast of Brighton off the Lewes Road, on behalf of a speculator—this time, local entrepreneur Henry Brooker. He felt that property speculation would be profitable even in areas further away from the town centre, such was Brighton's growing popularity in the Regency era , so he bought a set of strips of farmland in 1814 and commissioned Wilds junior to build
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#1732801673885408-626: The Kemp Town Enclosures (the gardens). The estate was conceived and financed by Thomas Read Kemp , designed by Charles Busby and Amon Henry Wilds , and constructed by Thomas Cubitt . Work began in 1823 and it was completed in 1855. It has given its name to the larger Kemptown region of Brighton. Kemp Town Estate was designed by Charles Busby and Amon Henry Wilds and constructed by Thomas Cubitt . Building work started in 1823 on Arundel Terrace , Chichester Terrace, Lewes Crescent and Sussex Square . Chichester Terrace incorporated
442-721: The Kemp Town Enclosures. Work began on the Enclosures in 1823. Early works led by Henry Philips included the landscaping of the gardens and the addition of a tunnel to the esplanade. At around the same time, Brighton's neighbour Hove was expanding on the western boundary of Brighton, with the development of the Brunswick Estate which featured similar though smaller Regency-style properties, and its own market, police station, riding school and (as in Kemp Town) small mews streets for staff housing. It has given its name to
476-479: The Wilds. Proving who was responsible for particular buildings or projects is difficult and sometimes contradictory because many designs were signed "Wilds and Busby", the three men carried out individual works simultaneously, and Wilds junior established his own independent company as well after 1823. Although he still had some involvement with his father and Busby's work, his own projects took up more of his time over
510-673: The building contractor was taking risks with the structural integrity of the building. Wilds junior also worked in Gravesend , a town in Kent. His scheme for a new town at Milton , a neighbouring parish, in the 1820s was not carried out, but in 1836 he designed Gravesend Town Hall in the Classical style (both the building and the adjacent High Street are dominated by its "noble Greek Doric tetrastyle portico "), and between 1838 and 1841 he designed triumphal arch -style entrance lodges and
544-475: The buildings were built facing the sea. They were built as part of a 106 house development plan for the Kemp Town area of Brighton. Number 13 was the first building to be completed, and was used from 1826–1851 as the Bush Hotel, before being put up for sale by the building's owners, a Mr Creasy and Mr Wilkinson. The building was then converted into a private house, and then a girls' school. In 1910 it became
578-544: The crescent now numbered 7–31 is listed at Grade II*; the other houses are of a different design and are newer: they date from around 1855 and are listed at Grade II in four separate parts. In 1820 or 1826, Wilds (possibly in conjunction with Busby) rebuilt a terraced house on Castle Square to form the Royal Pavilion Tavern . He refronted it in the Regency style with a stuccoed bow front. The building
612-431: The design, the Wilds enjoyed the pun on their unusual first name, and used it on many buildings. Wilds junior designed his father's headstone at St Nicholas' Church and decorated it with an ammonite capital design. Brighton Unitarian Church , a Grade II*-listed building, was built early in Wilds junior's architectural career. He designed the 350-capacity building with guidance from its first minister, Dr Morell. It
646-605: The earlier Chichester House. In 1837 Thomas Kemp fled the country to escape his creditors. The project continued under Cubitt with the support of the Fifth Earl of Bristol . It was completed in 1855, with Sussex Square larger than London's Grosvenor Square and at the time the biggest housing crescent in Britain. The original estate is a good example of Regency architecture . The gardens which form Sussex Square and Lewes Crescent, separated by Eastern Road, are known formally as
680-499: The first time: he submitted a design for a new road to connect the ancient Middle Street and West Street. By 1821, the scope of the project had been extended, and Wilds junior ended up supervising the construction of a raised promenade and sea-wall all the way from West Street to East Street, providing a direct east–west link across the town via the seafront for the first time. It was built between 1821 and 1822 and opened by King George IV on 29 January 1822. Named King's Road, it became
714-510: The first-floor windows. The group has been listed at Grade II. Nearby Montpelier Crescent was Wilds junior's largest-scale independent work. Built between 1843 and 1847 in the Seven Dials area, whose development had been stimulated by the recent opening of the nearby railway station , it was laid out as a curving terrace of mansions, each divided into two dwellings. Some had pilasters decorated with ammonite capitals. The section of
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#1732801673885748-483: The home of journalist Roy Greenslade since 1973. Actor Robert Flemyng lived at Number 6 from 1949 until his death in 1995. He let the ground floor to West End theatre star Douglas Byng from 1974 until his death in 1987; his ashes were scattered outside the buildings. Ronald Searle , the cartoonist and creator of St Trinian's School , lived at Number 8, 1958–64. The playwright and screenwriter John Osborne lived at Number 7 (1948–49), as did John Henson Infield,
782-483: The larger Kemptown region of Brighton. The majority of the original estate is now demarcated by the modern Kemp Town Conservation Area as defined by the local authority, Brighton and Hove City Council . The Enclosures are owned communally by the freeholders of the 105 houses which make up the Kemp Town Estate. Below and to the east of Kemp Town, at beach level, is now Brighton Marina , and Black Rock
816-575: The next 25 years: Oriental Place, Sillwood Place, Western Terrace, Hanover Crescent, Park Crescent , the Royal Newburgh Assembly Rooms and the Royal Albion Hotel all still exist and are listed buildings. The Anthaeum , a gigantic dome-shaped conservatory he designed for Henry Phillips in 1832–33, collapsed the day before its scheduled opening; Wilds had resigned from the project before its completion because
850-451: The novels The Star Chamber , The Flitch of Bacon , The Spendthrift , The Life and Adventures of Mervyn Clitheroe , and Ovingdean Grange . A plaque outside commemorates Ainsworth. Number 5 was also the home of the painter Count William de Belleroche, son of the pioneer of lithography, Albert de Belleroche ; broadcaster Annie Nightingale (1964–67); writer and Second World War Royal Air Force hero Paul Richey (1967–73); and it has been
884-603: The other side of Western Terrace, the Western Pavilion was built in an elaborate Oriental and Indian style in imitation of the Royal Pavilion in 1828, and is now a Grade II* listed building. Amon Henry Wilds built it as his own house. He also lived at Gothic House and the central house in Western Terrace (now No.6). Following the success of his work in Brighton, Wilds was commissioned to design
918-521: The proprietor of the Evening Argus and Sussex Daily News (1920–38) and Edward FitzGerald, the 7th Duke of Leinster (1966–70). Actor and singer Millicent Martin lived at Number 8, 1970–73. Number 11 is listed as being put up for sale as an eleven bedroom private house in 1844, In 1952, the Terrace, including Arundel House (which is listed as being numbers 12–13 Arundel Terrace), became
952-615: The road to Brighton Racecourse ; this road became known as Elm Grove . He moved to Shoreham-by-Sea , where he died in 1857. He was buried at the town's St Nicolas' Church . Many buildings originally attributed to Wilds senior in partnership with Charles Busby—in particular, the terraces of the Kemp Town estate—have now been accredited to Wilds junior. At both Kemp Town and other locations he worked at, architectural devices and features characteristic of Wilds junior can be seen: Egyptian-style flourishes and scallop designs inlaid into stuccoed walls above windows in his earlier days, and
986-502: The site of a former lido . 50°48′58″N 0°06′40″W / 50.81611°N 0.11111°W / 50.81611; -0.11111 Amon Henry Wilds Amon Henry Wilds (1784 or 1790 – 13 July 1857) was an English architect. He was part of a team of three architects and builders who—working together or independently at different times—were almost solely responsible for a surge in residential construction and development in early 19th-century Brighton , which until then had been
1020-411: The town's most important promenading and horse-riding route, and is still a major road. Around the same time, Wilds junior was commissioned to design and build Brighton Unitarian Church for the town's recently established Unitarian community; he laid the foundation stone in 1819 and completed the building the next year. Charles Busby arrived in Brighton in 1822 and formed a loose partnership with
1054-483: Was based on the Temple of Nemesis . By 1876, its structural condition was so poor that it collapsed, and it was rebuilt in red-brick Gothic style . Oriental Place and Sillwood Place are the remaining parts of an ambitious scheme for which Wilds junior was hired in 1825 by a horticulturalist and landscape gardener, Henry Phillips, who had designed Kemp Town's enclosed gardens. He proposed an Oriental-style garden with
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1088-461: Was born to Amon Wilds and Sarah Dunn, and was baptised at All Saints Church, Lewes on 4 November 1790. Some sources give his birth year as 1784, but others consider 1790 more likely. At this time, Wilds senior's profession was listed as "carpenter and builder". In around 1806, the father and son established an architectural and building partnership in Lewes, but in 1815 they moved to Brighton, which
1122-403: Was experiencing rapid growth; they carried out work in both places for the next five years until they moved permanently to Brighton in 1820. Their early work in the town, preceding their relocation, included Richmond Terrace and Waterloo Place. Wilds junior was chiefly responsible for these speculative developments. In 1818, Wilds junior took independent responsibility for a design scheme for
1156-533: Was intended to resemble the Temple of Thesæus in Athens, and has an enormous tetrastyle portico of four Doric columns beneath a pediment . Six years later, a merchant named Charles Elliott acquired the right to build a proprietary chapel on land belonging to the 3rd Earl of Egremont east of Brighton; Wilds junior created another Classical-style design for the new St Mary the Virgin Church . It
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