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46-517: Region Gotland , officially Gotlands kommun (English: Gotland Municipality ), is a municipality that covers the entire island of Gotland in Sweden . The city of Visby is the municipality's seat. Gotland Municipality is the 39th most populous municipality in Sweden. The flag of the municipality is a red ram on a white background. On 31 December 1951 there were 93 local government units on

92-600: A unitary authority . During a trial period some of the authority normally held by the Gotland County Administrative Board , an agency of the national government, has also been devolved to the Gotland Municipality, as well as to two mainland councils. The municipality of Gotland is therefore in this respect also a region. It has responsibility for the public healthcare system and public transport . The municipality coordinates

138-546: A 4-year term . The Speaker is not allowed to vote, but the three deputies are allowed to vote. The speaker of the Riksdag nominates a Prime Minister ( Swedish : statsminister , literally minister of state) after holding talks with leaders of the various party groups in the Riksdag. The nomination is then put to a vote. The nomination is rejected (meaning the Speaker must find a new nominee) only if an absolute majority of

184-599: A municipality and is officially called Region Gotland as of 2011. There are 16 urban areas (also called a Tätort or locality) in Gotland Municipality. In the table the localities are listed according to the size of the population. The municipal seat is in bold characters. This is a demographic table based on Gotland Municipality's electoral districts in the 2022 Swedish general election sourced from SVT 's election platform, in turn taken from SCB official statistics. In total there were 60,941 residents, including 48,274 Swedish citizens of voting age. 59.2 % voted for

230-491: A practice adopted by the largest and most urban municipalities Stockholm , Gothenburg and Malmö . Thirteen municipalities altogether, some of them including considerable rural areas, have made this choice, which is unofficial and has no effect on the administrative status of the municipality. The practice can, however, create some confusion as the term stad nowadays normally refers to a larger built-up area and not to an administrative entity. The municipalities in Sweden cover

276-410: A salary of SEK  71,500 (around $ 6,300) per month. According to a survey investigation by the sociologist Jenny Hansson, Members of the Riksdag have an average work week of 66 hours, including side responsibilities. Hansson's investigation further reports that the average member sleeps 6.5 hours per night. The presidium consists of a speaker and three deputy speakers . They are elected for

322-621: Is a general term for " parliament " or "assembly", but it is typically only used for Sweden's legislature and certain related institutions. In addition to Sweden's parliament, it is also used for the Parliament of Finland and the Estonian Riigikogu , as well as the historical German Reichstag and the Danish Rigsdagen . In Swedish use, riksdagen is usually not capitalised. Riksdag derives from

368-541: Is cast against the Prime Minister this means the entire government is rejected. A losing government has one week to call for a general election or else the procedure of nominating a new Prime Minister starts anew. No party has won a single majority in the Riksdag since 1968. Political parties with similar agendas consequently cooperate on several issues, forming coalition governments or other formalized alliances. Two major blocs existed in parliament until 2019,

414-486: Is elected from party-list proportional representation at municipal elections, held every four years in conjunction with the national general elections. The assembly in turn appoints a municipal executive committee ( kommunstyrelse ) from its members. The executive committee is headed by its chairman, ( Swedish : kommunstyrelsens ordförande ). Swedish municipalities generally employ one or more politicians as Municipal Commissioners, ( Swedish : kommunalråd ) one of which

460-497: Is required for a party to enter the Riksdag, alternatively 12% or more within a constituency. Substitutes for each deputy are elected at the same time as each election, so by-elections are rare. In the event of a snap election , the newly elected members merely serve the remainder of the four-year term. The electoral system in Sweden is proportional . Of the 349 seats in the unicameral Riksdag, 310 are fixed constituency seats allocated to 29 multi-member constituencies in relation to

506-580: Is the most recent general election . The constitutional mandates of the Riksdag are enumerated in the Instrument of Government ( Regeringsformen ), and its internal workings are specified in greater detail in the Riksdag Act ( Riksdagsordningen ). The seat of the Riksdag is at Parliament House ( Riksdagshuset ), on the island of Helgeandsholmen in central Stockholm , in Gamla stan ,

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552-575: Is used for both city and town in Swedish) were based on the old chartered cities. There was also a third type, köping or market town. The status of these was somewhere between the rural municipalities and the cities. There were only eight of them in 1863, rising to a peak of 96 in 1959. Up until 1930, when the total number of municipalities reached its peak (2,532 entities), there were more partitions than amalgamations. In 1943 more than 500 of Sweden's municipalities had fewer than 500 inhabitants, and

598-459: Is usually the chairman of the executive committee. The government of the Stockholm municipality is partially based on its own, separate municipal government law. The first local government acts were implemented on 1 January 1863. There were two acts, one for the cities and one for the countryside. The total number of municipalities was about 2,500. The rural municipalities were based on

644-416: The 1943 års kommunindelningskommitté ("Municipal subdivision commission of 1943") proposed that the number of rural municipalities should be drastically reduced. After years of preparations the first of the two nationwide municipal reforms of the 20th century was implemented in 1952. The number of rural municipalities was reduced from 2,281 to 816. The cities (by then 133) were not affected. Rather soon it

690-588: The Altamira in Northern Brazil (159,533 km ) are larger. (By comparison, the total area of the state of Lebanon is 10,452 km .) At any rate, several northern municipalities are larger than many counties in the more densely populated southern part of the country. The municipalities were earlier also divided into parishes , or församlingar . As these were subdivisions of the Church of Sweden ,

736-450: The SCB between 1988 and 1998 due to the party's small size at the time. The respective coalitions are based on which prime minister the party backed at the back end of each governance period. Election results: 2018 election When Gotland was made into a single municipality in the 1970s, the county council was abolished and its responsibilities transferred to the municipality, making it

782-585: The genitive of rike , referring to royal power, and dag , meaning diet or conference; the German word Reichstag and the Danish Rigsdag are cognate . The Oxford English Dictionary traces English use of the term "Riksdag" in reference to the Swedish assembly back to 1855. The roots of the modern Riksdag can be found in a 1435 meeting in the city of Arboga ; however, only three of

828-498: The realm " ; also Swedish : riksdagen [ˈrɪ̌ksdan] or Sveriges riksdag [ˈsvæ̌rjɛs ˈrɪ̌ksdɑː(ɡ)] ) is the parliament and the supreme decision-making body of the Kingdom of Sweden . Since 1971, the Riksdag has been a unicameral parliament with 349 members ( riksdagsledamöter ), elected proportionally and serving, since 1994, fixed four-year terms. The 2022 Swedish general election

874-481: The socialist / green Red-Greens and the conservative / liberal Alliance . The latter—consisting of the Moderate Party, Liberals, Centre Party, and Christian Democrats—governed Sweden from 2006 through most of 2014 (after 2010 through a minority government ). The Red-Greens combination disbanded on 26 October 2010 but continued to be considered the main opposition until the 2014 election, following which

920-809: The 349 members are women. Five parties have a majority representation of female MPs as of 2022: the Left Party (17 of 24, 70.8%), the Green Party (12 of 18, 66.7%), the Liberals (9 of 16, 56.3%), the Center Party (13 of 24, 54.2%), and the Social Democratic Party (55 of 107, 51.4%). The party with the lowest share of female MPs is the Sweden Democrats (18 of 73, 24.7%). Members of the Riksdag are full-time legislators with

966-606: The Constitution) enacted in 1974, that task was removed from the Monarch of Sweden and given to the Speaker of the Riksdag. To make changes to the Constitution under the new Instrument of Government, amendments must be approved twice, in two successive electoral periods with a regular general election held in between. There are 15 parliamentary committees in the Riksdag. As of September 2022, 163 members, or 46.7% of

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1012-457: The Monarch that the Riksdag has elected a new Prime Minister and that the Prime Minister has chosen his cabinet ministers. The Riksdag can cast a vote of no confidence against any single cabinet minister ( Swedish : statsråd ), thus forcing a resignation. To succeed, a vote of no confidence must be supported by an absolute majority (175 members) or it has failed. If a vote of no confidence

1058-535: The Second Chamber with 233 members. The First Chamber was indirectly elected by county and city councillors, while the Second Chamber was directly elected by universal suffrage. This reform was a result of great discontent with the old Estates, which, following the changes brought by the beginnings of the Industrial Revolution , was no longer able to provide representation for large segments of

1104-551: The Social Democrats and the Green Party formed a government with support from the Left Party. In 2019, after the 2018 election in which neither bloc won a majority of seats, the Social Democrats and Green Party formed a government with support from the Liberals and Centre Party, breaking the center-right Alliance. In March 2019, the Christian Democrats and Moderate Party signaled a willingness to talk with

1150-405: The Sweden Democrats. All 349 members of the Riksdag are elected in the general elections held every four years. All Swedish citizens who turn 18 years old no later than on the day of the election and have at one point been registered residents are eligible to vote. To stand for election, a candidate must be eligible to vote and be nominated by a political party. A minimum of 4% of the national vote

1196-402: The amalgamation process too slow, and decided to speed it up by ending the voluntary aspect. In 1971 the unitary municipality ( kommun ) was introduced and the number of entities went down to 464; three years later it was 278. In one case ( Svedala Municipality ) the process was not accomplished until 1977. Most of the municipalities were soon consolidated, but in some cases the antagonism within

1242-655: The annual Almedalen Week ( Almedalsveckan ), an important meetingplace for everyone involved in Swedish politics . During the week, representatives from the political parties in the Riksdag take turns to hold speeches in the Almedalen park in Visby . Municipalities of Sweden The Local Government Act of 1991 specifies several responsibilities for the municipalities, and provides outlines for local government, such as

1288-448: The blocks should ultimately lead to amalgamations. The target year was 1971, when all municipalities should be of uniform type and all the remaining formal differences in government and privileges between cities and rural municipalities should be abolished. The amalgamations within the "blocks" started in 1965 and more were accomplished in 1967 and 1969, when the number of municipalities dropped from 1006 to 848. The Riksdag, however, found

1334-587: The case of Gotland all the former entities were united into one single unit. As there was only one municipality in the county, also the County Council was abolished and merged into the new unitary municipality. As the municipality has both local and regional functions, normally provided by the Municipalities of Sweden and the County councils of Sweden respectively, Gotland has a special status as

1380-489: The country-side civil parishes or administrative parishes ( socknar ), often formed in the Middle Ages around a church. The municipality acts of 1862 formally separated the civil municipalities from the parishes, establishing the municipality assembly as the decision-making body of rural municipalities and the church assembly as the decision-making body of parishes. The then 89 cities/towns ( städer ) (the same word

1426-622: The earlier 17th century division socknar , though the Swedish municipality reforms of 1862–63, 1952 and to some extent 1971, did perform some amalgamations and transferals of land (including populations) between municipalities. According to law, the municipalities are responsible for: Many municipalities in addition have services like leisure activities for youths and housing services to make them attractive in getting residents. Riksdag Confidence and supply (73) Opposition (173) The Riksdag ( Swedish: [ˈrɪ̌ksdɑː(ɡ)] , lit. transl.  " diet of

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1472-617: The entire territory of the nation. Unlike the United States or Canada, there are no unincorporated areas . The municipalities in the north cover large areas of sparsely populated land. Kiruna , at 19,446 km , is sometimes held to be the world's largest "city" by area, although places like La Tuque, Quebec (28,421 km , official style Ville ), the City of Kalgoorlie-Boulder in Western Australia (95,575.1 km and

1518-488: The estates were probably present: the nobility , the clergy and the burghers . This informal organization was modified in 1527 by the first modern Swedish king, Gustav I Vasa , to include representatives from all the four social estates : the nobility , the clergy, the burghers (property-owning commoners in the towns such as merchants etc.), and the yeomanry ( freehold farmers). This form of Ständestaat representation lasted until 1866, when representation by estate

1564-419: The island of Gotland, among them one city ( Visby ), one market town ( Slite ), one county council and a lot of rural municipalities, many of them with fewer than 100 inhabitants. Twenty years later the situation was totally different. The first of the two nationwide local government reforms in Sweden during the 20th century was implemented on 1 January 1952. From that date on, the rural municipalities on

1610-619: The island were regrouped into twelve new enlarged municipalities, which together with Visby, Slite and the Gotland County Council formed the new administrative pattern. After ten years it was clear that this reform had not been radical enough and the work began preparing for the next one. On 1 January 1971 the second and last local government reform was implemented in Sweden. All administrative and judicial differences between rural and urban areas were abolished. Only one type of municipality ( kommun ) existed from that date on. In

1656-538: The left coalition and 39.3 % for the right coalition. Indicators are in percentage points except population totals and income. These are the results of the elections to the Riksdag held in Gotland since 1973. The results only include parties that have won representation in the Riksdag assembly at least once during this timeframe. The results of the Sweden Democrats were not listed at a municipal level by

1702-479: The members (175 members) vote "no"; otherwise, it is confirmed. This means the Riksdag can consent to a Prime Minister without casting any "yes" votes. After being elected the Prime Minister appoints the cabinet ministers and announces them to the Riksdag. The new Government takes office at a special council held at the Royal Palace before the Monarch , at which the Speaker of the Riksdag formally announces to

1748-422: The new unities was so strong that it led to "divorces". The total number of municipalities has today risen to 290. The question of whether a new municipality will be created is at the discretion of the central Swedish government . It is recommended that the lower limit of a new municipality shall be 5,000 inhabitants. Some municipalities still use the term "City" (Swedish: stad ) when referring to themselves,

1794-421: The number of people entitled to vote in each constituency. The remaining 39 adjustment seats are used to correct the deviations from proportional national distribution that may arise when allocating the fixed constituency seats. There is a constraint in the system that means that only a party that has received at least four per cent of the votes in the whole country participates in the distribution of seats. However,

1840-414: The number of seats in the Riksdag was reduced to 349, from 1976 onwards. The Riksdag performs the normal functions of a legislature in a parliamentary democracy . It enacts laws, amends the constitution and appoints a government. In most parliamentary democracies, the head of state commissions a politician to form a government. Under the new Instrument of Government (one of the four fundamental laws of

1886-560: The old town of Stockholm. The Riksdag has its institutional roots in the feudal Riksdag of the Estates , traditionally thought to have first assembled in Arboga in 1435. In 1866, following reforms of the 1809 Instrument of Government , that body was transformed into a bicameral legislature with an upper chamber ( första kammaren ) and a lower chamber ( andra kammaren ). The Swedish word riksdag , in definite form riksdagen ,

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1932-548: The population. By an amendment to the 1809 Instrument of Government , the general election of 1970 was the first to a unicameral assembly with 350 seats. The following general election to the unicameral Riksdag in 1973 gave the Government the support of only 175 members, while the opposition could mobilize an equal force of 175 members. In a number of cases a tied vote ensued, and the final decision had to be determined by lot. To avoid any recurrence of this unstable situation,

1978-441: The process for electing the municipal assembly . It also regulates a process ( laglighetsprövning , "legality trial") through which any citizen can appeal the decisions of a local government to a county court . Municipal government in Sweden is similar to city commission government and cabinet-style council government . A legislative municipal assembly ( kommunfullmäktige ) of between 31 and 101 members (always an odd number)

2024-487: The separation of church and state along with a shift in responsibility for the population registration in Sweden transferring to the Swedish Tax Agency led to a new formal subdivision called district. Districts have been in force since 2016. These districts correspond by and large to the previous parishes as they existed on 31 December 1999, without later amalgamations. Many of the districts still correspond to

2070-487: Was abolished and the modern bicameral parliament established. Effectively, however, it did not become a parliament in the modern sense until parliamentary principles were established in the political system in Sweden, in 1917. On 22 June 1866, the Riksdag decided to reconstitute itself as a bicameral legislature, consisting of Första kammaren or the First Chamber, with 155 members and Andra kammaren or

2116-536: Was established that the reform of 1952 was not radical enough. A new commission, 1959 års indelningssakkunniga ("Subdivision experts of 1959") concluded that the next municipal reform should create new larger mixed rural/urban municipalities. The Riksdag decided in 1962 that the new reform should be implemented on a voluntary basis. The process started in January 1964, when all municipalities were grouped in 282 kommunblock ("municipal blocks"). The co-operation within

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