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27-688: The structure consists of two glass-vaulted arcades intersecting in an octagon covering the street connecting Piazza del Duomo to Piazza della Scala . The street is covered by an arching glass and cast iron roof, a popular design for 19th-century arcades, such as the Burlington Arcade in London , which was the prototype for larger glazed shopping arcades , beginning with the Saint-Hubert Gallery in Brussels (opened in 1847),

54-443: A convention centre, green areas, a business centre available to Expo participants and a 12-hectare (30-acre) Expo Village to house staff, volunteers and security and administrative personnel. The following thematic pavilions were also planned: Expo 2015's concept was presented on September 8, 2009. It was designed by a committee of four architects: Stefano Boeri , Richard Burdett, Mark Rylander and Jacques Herzog . The main idea

81-730: A hill, one at each end of the boulevard; expo village facilities across the encircling canal from the site, and redevelopment of the post-office building as a centre for sustainable development. The master plan for Expo 2015, coordinated by Stefano Boeri, was delivered to the BIE during its April 30, 2010 registration ceremony in Paris. Changes included: Expo participants included 145 countries, three international organizations and several civil society organizations, corporations and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Participants were hosted in individual or grouped pavilions . Each participating country

108-740: A hotel, the Town House Galleria . The Galleria is famous for being home to some of the oldest shops and restaurants in Milan, such as Biffi Caffè (founded in 1867 by Paolo Biffi, pastry chef to the monarch), the Savini restaurant, Borsalino hat-shop (1883) and the Art Nouveau classic Camparino. Octagon Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include

135-683: Is adjacent to the Fiera Milano fairgrounds, designed by Massimiliano Fuksas , which may be considered the cornerstone of the area's urban redevelopment. It had long been an industrial zone before its conversion to logistical and municipal services and agriculture. The fairgrounds and the Expo site were connected by a pedestrian bridge adjacent to the Rho-Pero high-speed rail station. Originally-planned bicycle paths were never constructed, and several motorways were built (or expanded) to allow access to

162-710: The Passazh in St Petersburg (opened in 1848), the Galleria Umberto I in Naples (opened in 1890), and the Budapest Galleria. The central octagonal space is topped with a glass dome . The Milanese Galleria was larger in scale than its predecessors and was an important step in the evolution of the modern glazed and enclosed shopping mall , of which it was the direct progenitor. It has inspired

189-459: The right to healthy, secure and sufficient food for the world's inhabitants. Futuristic concerns about food security are compounded by forecasts of increasing uncertainty about the quantity of food which will be available globally. The exposition had seven sub-themes: The Expo 2015 site is about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) northwest of Milan, in the municipalities of Rho and Pero , and covers an area of 1.1 km (0.42 sq mi). It

216-731: The Japanese pavilion during the expo, European regulations were relaxed and it was possible to taste sashimi from pufferfish ( fugu ). In the Future Food District were packs of canned insects, common in Southeast Asia but prohibited in the European Union. Italian chef Massimo Bottura and international colleagues created the Refettorio Ambrosiano , a gourmet soup kitchen using waste food from

243-416: The avenue was occupied by a table in front of the country pavilions extending the length of the site, where visitors could sample foods produced in each country's pavilion. The area would be covered by large, tent-like structures to convey the idea of a global marketplace. A second idea was to build large greenhouses on the site to reproduce the earth's principal biomes . These would be thematic pavilions for

270-425: The cultivation and production of basic foodstuffs used in the individual country pavilions. Each country would have a dedicated greenhouse in its exhibition area. In this version of the site, water remained an important element but was shifted toward the exterior as a large, navigable canal surrounding the site. A large lake was also included in the design. Additional elements included a large, excavated amphitheatre and

297-624: The details below. Request from 172.68.168.133 via cp1102 cp1102, Varnish XID 523304142 Upstream caches: cp1102 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 05:42:57 GMT Expo 2015 Expo 2015 was a World Expo hosted by Milan , Italy. It opened on May 1 at 10:00 CEST and closed on October 31. Milan hosted an exposition for the second time; the first was the 1906 Milan International . The Bureau International des Expositions (BIE) general assembly in Paris decided in favour of Milan on March 31, 2008. On November 23, 2010,

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324-423: The development of projects associated with food and education. Expo 2015's opening on May 1 was met with protests by a black bloc of anti-austerity activists, with police using tear gas . Although Vatican City invested €3 million in its pavilion before Pope Francis ' election, he said that it was good for the church to be involved in causes which fight hunger and promote clean energy but too much money

351-556: The event was announced by the BIE. Expo 2015's theme was "Feeding the Planet, Energy for Life". Expo 2015's theme was "Feeding the Planet, Energy for Life", encompassing technology, innovation , culture, traditions and creativity and how they relate to food and diet. The exposition developed themes introduced in earlier expos (such as water at Expo 2008 in Zaragoza ) in light of new global scenarios and emerging issues, focusing on

378-458: The facades, statues, and mosaics underwent detailed cleaning and repair, using a giant moving crane scaffolding system. The Galleria is often nicknamed il salotto di Milano (Milan's drawing room), due to its numerous shops and importance as a common Milanese meeting and dining place. As of 2013, the arcade principally contains luxury retailers selling haute couture , jewelry , books and paintings, as well as restaurants, cafés , bars, and

405-549: The fair. verybello.it was the Italian website for the Expo 2015. The website was launched in January 2015. Its early version has attracted criticism for omitting Sicily from the map of Italy, and for having only the Italian language version present. Website design and name have also been criticized. The website, as accessed in late March 2015, had an English version, and an expanded map including Sicily. World Cup Expo,

432-524: The mosaic: a hole developed on the place of the bull's genitals. The Galleria connects two of Milan's most famous landmarks: The Duomo and the Teatro Alla Scala , but the Galleria is a landmark in its own right. The Milan gallery and its roof have been acknowledged as an important reference on 19th-century iron-and-glass architecture by Pevsner and Hitchcock. As one can still observe today,

459-506: The roof consists of four barrel vaults (approximately 14.5 m in width and 8.5 m in height) that are crowned with a huge dome (around 37.5 m as internal diameter and 17.10 m in height). Jorini pointed out the accomplishments of this dome with special regard to the large dimensions. Each of the roof parts is topped with a lantern. According to Geist, the Milan gallery and the roof were unprecedented in dimensions by previously built shopping arcades. Another difference with already existing passages,

486-399: The same components were used for both load bearing and glazing purposes. In addition, the roof at Milan was equipped with invisible reinforcements in the supporting walls. This complicated roof is discussed as the unity of four systems that were skillfully combined through characteristic construction details. This construction technology was creative for avoiding visible tie-rods in the spans of

513-428: The site. The area is oblong in shape with an overall length of nearly 3 km (1.9 mi), suggesting a boulevard along which the pavilions would be located. The design of pools and waterways in and around the Expo area was an element of primary importance. The initial plan had the following elements: A 100-hectare (250-acre) service area was planned near the main Expo site with hotels, parking facilities, stores,

540-502: The use of the term galleria for many other shopping arcades and malls. On the ground of the central octagonal, there are four mosaics portraying the coat of arms of the three capitals of the Kingdom of Italy ( Turin , Florence and Rome ) plus Milan's. Tradition says that if a person spins around three times with a heel on the testicles of the bull from Turin coat of arms this will bring good luck. This practice causes damage to

567-525: The vaults and the dome, for a special effect of the glass plates and for the glazing bars. The historical roof was heavily damaged during the aerial bombings of World War II . Before that the roof had undergone multiple maintenance interventions. Serious problems in the roof were reported in the 1970s, and some of them were solved in the 1980s. The roof that we see today has gone through different historic modifications and represents complicated conservation issues. In 2015, in preparation for Expo Milano 2015 ,

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594-525: The whole Gallery was the result of international collaboration. This especially concerned the roof: the ironwork was produced, transported and installed by the French Atelier Henry Joret. The glass plates were made of flat ribbed glass by Saint-Gobain . The construction technology of the roof employs primary wrought-iron arches in order to support the glazing. By contrast, arcades that were built earlier were smaller and had simpler roofs:

621-745: Was Switzerland , on February 3, 2011. As in other years, during the Expo visitors could purchase a passport which could be stamped. Two major countries which did not participate were Australia and Canada , who withdrew despite participating in the previous Expo in Shanghai, citing budgetary restrictions. The following countries participated: In preparation for Expo 2015, the City of Milan signed coordination agreements with other cities in Italy and Europe focusing on tourism, culture and infrastructure. Agreements were also signed with other countries for

648-466: Was hosted in a self-constructed pavilion and included on the Expo website. Some countries, such as Belarus, Belgium, Israel and Germany, created external websites. As part of a reciprocity protocol with Expo 2010 in Shanghai , on December 8, 2008, China was the first country to formalise its participation in Expo 2015. The first country outside the reciprocity protocol to confirm its participation

675-405: Was the monumental character of the roof at Milan. Jodice, for example, appreciated the monumental spatial effect of the dome. In comparison to earlier emblematic arcades, such as Galerie d'Orléans (1828–1829) and Galeries Royales Saint-Hubert (1845–1847), the Milan arcade was also special because of the large spans of the vaults and the ethereal effect of the entire glass canopy. The construction of

702-456: Was to trace two avenues (a main and a secondary avenue), representing the ancient Roman layout of a cardo and a decumanus . The initial idea of a "classical" site composed of avenues and pavilions was replaced by the idea of a "light" Expo composed of exhibition areas arranged across the main boulevard. The exhibition areas, identical for each country, recreated the typical food cycle of each nation from production to consumption. The centre of

729-490: Was wasted on the Expo by the Vatican. Several unusual (or unique) food choices were offered during the exposition, some normally not permitted in Italy. At Zimbabwe's pavilion, visitors could try burgers made from crocodile , zebra or python (named "crocoburger", "zebraburger" and "savanaburger" by their creator, consul Georges El Badaoui). The pavilion's food was some of the expo's most innovative and extravagant. At

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