The Institute for Economics and Peace ( IEP ) is a global think tank headquartered in Sydney , Australia with branches in New York City , Mexico City and Oxford . IEP studies the relationship between peace, business, and prosperity, and seeks to promote understanding of the cultural, economic, and political factors that drive peacefulness. It is a registered Australian charity and works in partnership with the Aspen Institute , Economists for Peace and Security the United Nations Global Compact , Center for Strategic and International Studies and Cranfield University . It also collaborates with the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development , the Commonwealth Secretariat , UNDP and UN Peacebuilding Support Office. It is chaired by technology entrepreneur Steve Killelea , founder of IR.
47-629: Global Peace Index ( GPI ) is a report produced by the Australia-based NGO Institute for Economics & Peace (IEP) which measures the relative position of nations' and regions' peacefulness . The GPI ranks 163 independent states and territories (collectively accounting for 99.7 per cent of the world's population) according to their levels of peacefulness. In the past decade, the GPI has presented trends of increased global violence and less peacefulness. The GPI (Global Peace Index)
94-412: A 6 per cent deterioration in the global level of peace over the preceding 16 years, and a growing inequality in peace between the most and least peaceful countries. Ten indicators broadly assess what might be described as safety and security in society. Their assertion is that low crime rates, minimal incidences of terrorist acts and violent demonstrations, harmonious relations with neighbouring countries,
141-516: A country is approaching the global average level of peacefulness, also described as the Mid-Peace level. Low levels of corruption is the only Pillar that is strongly significant across all three levels of peacefulness. This suggests it is an important transformational factor at all stages of a nation's development. Note: The GPI's methodology is updated regularly and is improved to reflect the most up-to-date datasets. Each year's GPI report includes
188-671: A country's final score. "Negative Peace", defined as the absence of violence or of the fear of violence, is used as the definition of peace to create the Global Peace Index. An additional aim of the GPI database is to facilitate deeper study of the concept of positive peace, or those attitudes, institutions, and structures that drive peacefulness in society. The GPI also examines relationships between peace and reliable international measures, including democracy and transparency, education and material well-being. As such, it seeks to understand
235-622: A detailed description of the methodology used. Also, the data is revised periodically and so values from previous years may change accordingly. These tables contain the scores and ranking published in the official annual reports, for the latest revised data please visit the Interactive world map of the Global Peace Index Archived 2022-07-16 at the Wayback Machine . The Index has received endorsements as
282-478: A governing board, director, deputy director, research staff collegium and support staff. The governing board takes decisions on important matters concerning the research agenda, activities, organisation and financial administration of the institute. Other matters are decided by the director. The research staff collegium advises the Director on research matters. The staff of 84 employees is mainly international, with
329-568: A political project from a number of major international figures, including the former Secretary-General of the United Nations , Kofi Annan ; former President of Finland and 2008 Nobel Peace Prize laureate Martti Ahtisaari ; the Dalai Lama ; Archbishop Desmond Tutu ; Muhammad Yunus ; and former United States President Jimmy Carter . Jeffrey Sachs at Columbia University said: "The GPI continues its pioneering work in drawing
376-583: A representation of 27 different nationalities reported in 2021. The researchers are recruited for specific project periods and represent various academic disciplines. SIPRI also hosts guest researchers who work on issues related to research programmes as well as interns in relevant fields whose programmes of study can contribute to and benefit from SIPRI's research. The institute works in a global network, with partnerships and cooperation between other institutes and with individual scientists. SIPRI has close cooperation with many multilateral organisations, for example,
423-718: A scale of 1–5, whereby qualitative indicators are banded into five groupings, and quantitative ones are scored from 1–5, to the third decimal point. A table of the indicators is below. In the table, UCDP stands for the Uppsala Conflict Data Program maintained by the University of Uppsala in Sweden , EIU for The Economist Intelligence Unit, UNSCT for the United Nations Survey of Criminal Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems, ICPS
470-418: A stable political scene, and a small proportion of the population being internally displaced or refugees can be suggestive of peacefulness. In 2017, 23 indicators were used to establish peacefulness scores for each country. The indicators were originally selected with the assistance of an expert panel in 2007 and are reviewed by the expert panel on an annual basis. The scores for each indicator are normalised on
517-590: A third edition is expected in late 2015. According to reports, in the decade following 11 September 2001 the number of terrorist attacks each year has quadrupled. The GTI also indicates an increase of 61% in deaths from terrorism from 2012 to 2013, largely due to the civil war in Syria and the spill-over effects in the region. In 2013, 82% of those who died in terrorist attacks were in Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Nigeria, and Syria. The IEP launched its education program with
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#1732757408853564-414: Is based on open sources and is directed to decision-makers, researchers, media and the interested public. SIPRI's organizational purpose is to conduct scientific research in issues on conflict and cooperation of importance for international peace and security, with the goal of contributing to an understanding for the conditions for a peaceful solution of international conflicts and sustainable peace. SIPRI
611-555: Is developed in consultation with an international panel of peace experts from peace institutes and think tanks with data collected by the Economist Intelligence Unit . The Index was first launched in 2007, with subsequent reports being released annually. In 2015 it ranked 165 countries, up from 121 in 2007. The study was conceived by Australian technology entrepreneur Steve Killelea , and is endorsed by individuals such as former UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan ,
658-506: Is of "an applied research character directed towards practical-political questions [which] should be carried on in a constant interchange with research of a more theoretical kind". SIPRI has built its reputation and standing on competence, professional skills, and the collection of hard data and precise facts, rendering accessible impartial information on weapon developments, arms transfers and production, military expenditure, as well as on arms limitations, reductions and disarmament. The task of
705-718: Is the International Centre for Prison Studies at King's College London , IISS for the International Institute for Strategic Studies publication The Military Balance , and SIPRI for the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute Arms Transfers Database. Indicators not already ranked on a 1 to 5 scale were converted by using the following formula: x = [x - min(x)] / [max(x) - min(x)] , where max(x) and min(x) are
752-597: Is the main driver of peace. The eight pillars of positive peace are well-functioning government, sound business environment, acceptance of the rights of others, good relations with neighbours, free flow of information, high levels of human capital, low levels of corruption, and equitable distribution of resources. Well-functioning government, low levels of corruption, acceptance of the rights of others, and good relations with neighbours are more important in countries suffering from high levels of violence. Free flow of information and sound business environment become more important when
799-905: The United Nations and the European Union . SIPRI is frequently visited by government delegations, parliamentarians as well as researchers from the academic sphere. The institute keeps close connections with the diplomatic body in Stockholm. Current members of the Governing Board: Former Governing Board Chairpersons: The Director, who is appointed by the Swedish Government, has the main responsibility for SIPRI's work programme. Dr Bates Gill served as SIPRI Director from 2007 to 2012. In September 2012,
846-449: The 2001 UN Programme of Action on SALW and the 2013 Arms Trade Treaty . The SIPRI Arms Industry Database reports on the top 100 largest arms-producing and military services companies. This database contains data on personnel, country contributions, fatalities and budgets for all multilateral peace operations from the year 2000 and onwards. The Military Expenditure Database reports on the annual military spending of most countries around
893-771: The Dalai Lama , and 2008 Nobel Peace Prize laureate Martti Ahtisaari . The updated index is released each year at events in London , Washington, D.C. , and at the United Nations Secretariat in New York City . The 2024 GPI indicates Iceland , Ireland , Austria , New Zealand , Singapore , Switzerland , Portugal , Denmark , Slovenia and Malaysia to be the most peaceful countries, while Yemen , Sudan , South Sudan , Afghanistan , Ukraine , Congo , Russia , Syria , Israel and Mali to be
940-544: The Dangers' and gathered over 100 global participants across thought-provoking panels. In 2024, Stockholm Forum on Peace and Development was held in a hybrid format, featuring a diverse range of sessions, including high-level policy debates, roundtables, workshops and fireside chats on the theme of 'On the Edge: Navigating a Changing World'. The 2022 SIPRI Lecture was held on the theme of 'Environment of Peace' and
987-609: The Global Peace Index is collected and collated partly by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), the research and analysis arm of the Economist Group, and the methodology is informed and reviewed by an international panel of peace and statistics experts. The GPI is released annually. In addition, the GPI was the empirical basis for the Symposium of Peaceful Nations, a three-day conference hosted in November 2009 to honor
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#17327574088531034-426: The Global Peace Index which measures the levels of peace and violence in 149 countries. BBC 2 Newsnight and ZDF Heute Journal (Germany) were found to be the programs whose editorial policies aligned their coverage most closely with the rankings of the GPI. IEP accept volunteers from all over the world and engage them with peace building community by attending Positive Peace Online course, so they can after that join
1081-514: The MPI to date, the first published in 2013 and most recently in 2015. The MPI uses seven indicators to gauge the level of peace in the 32 Mexican states from 2003 to 2014. The indicators are: homicide rates, violent crimes, weapons crime, incarceration, police funding, efficiency of the justice system, and the level of organized crime. Guanajuato, Michoacan, Sinaloa, Morelos and Guerrero are the least peaceful cities while Hidalgo, Yucatán and Querétaro are
1128-543: The Media", the first study that takes a fact-based approach into understanding the accuracy of international television networks' coverage of peace, violence and conflict. The results show broad inconsistencies across geographies and networks, with US broadcasters much more focused on violence and conflict than their European and Middle Eastern counterparts. The study analyzed 37 TV news and current affairs programs from 23 networks in 15 countries* and then cross-referenced this with
1175-625: The SIPRI Yearbook is available in several languages, including Catalan, Dutch, French, Italian, Korean, Persian , Spanish and Swedish. SIPRI series: SIPRI's research projects maintain large databases on military expenditure, arms-producing industries, arms transfers, chemical and biological warfare, national and international export controls, arms control agreements, annual chronologies of major arms control events, military manoeuvres and nuclear explosions. Showing all international transfers of major conventional arms since 1950 To quantify
1222-468: The SIPRI Yearbook, was first published on 12 November 1969. The Yearbook serves as a single authoritative and independent source to which politicians, diplomats and journalists can turn for an account of what has happened during the past year in armaments and arms control, armed conflicts and conflict resolution, security arrangements and disarmament. It is translated into a number of other languages, notably Arabic, Chinese, Russian and Ukrainian. The summary of
1269-734: The Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI), the Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI), and the Stockholm Resilience Centre at Stockholm University (SRC). The Stockholm Hub is funded by the Swedish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. SIPRI's financial support is primarily drawn from governments and independent philanthropic organisations around the world. SIPRI also receives annual support from
1316-571: The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, SIPRI. The institute's research should seek to contribute to "the understanding of the preconditions for a stable peace and for peaceful solutions of international conflicts" and the Commission recommended that research be concentrated on armaments, their limitation and reduction, and arms control . The commission also recommended that SIPRI work
1363-701: The Swedish Government appointed the German economist Tilman Brück as his successor. Brück held the position of SIPRI Director from January 2013 to June 2014. In June 2014 the SIPRI Governing Board appointed Dr Ian Anthony as Director for an interim period. The current Director, Dan Smith , was appointed in September 2015. Former SIPRI Directors: Research is conducted at SIPRI by an international staff of about 46 researchers and research assistants. The institute's current research programme centres on
1410-469: The US by peacefulness and, unlike the Global Peace Index, uses only five indicators: incarceration rate, the number of police officers, the number of homicides, the availability of small arms, and the number of violent crimes. Maine is the most peaceful state, while Louisiana is the least peaceful. The Mexico Peace Index (MPI) is the latest in the series of National Peace Indices. There have been two editions of
1457-700: The University of Pennsylvania, listed the Institute for Economics and Peace as a Think Tank to Watch and one of the top 15 Think Tanks with a Budget under $ 5 Million. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute Stockholm International Peace Research Institute ( SIPRI ) is an international institute based in Stockholm . It was founded in 1966 and provides data, analysis and recommendations for armed conflict, military expenditure and arms trade as well as disarmament and arms control. The research
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1504-694: The academic study of war and peace than on international organizations. Institute for Economics %26 Peace The main index produced by IEP is the Global Peace Index (GPI), a widely cited benchmark measuring peace. The GPI has been incorporated into the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute 's Year Book (2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, and 2014), and was analyzed by the World Bank 's World Development Report 2011 team. The data for
1551-568: The ambassador program with online webinars and activate their role as ambassadors. In 2013, Steve Killelea's founding of IEP was recognized as one of the 50 most impactful philanthropic gifts in Australia's history by a coalition including the Myer Family Company, The Myer Foundation and Sidney Myer Fund, Pro Bono Australia, Swinburne University and Philanthropy Australia. In 2020 The Global Go To Think Tank Index, produced by
1598-558: The following major themes: With the following research areas: SIPRI's publications and information material are distributed to a wide range of policy makers, researchers, journalists, organisations and the interested public. The results of the research are disseminated through the publication of books and reports by SIPRI and commissioned authors as well as through symposia and seminars. The institute has forged its profile by concentrating on present-day realities, providing unbiased facts to states and individuals. SIPRI's main publication,
1645-461: The global economy." According to The Economist , the weighting of military expenditure "may seem to give heart to freeloaders: countries that enjoy peace precisely because others (often the USA) care for their defence". The Global Peace Index has been criticized for not including indicators specifically relating to violence against women and children. The impact of Global Peace Index has been lower on
1692-423: The highest and lowest values for that indicator of the countries ranked in the index. The 0 to 1 scores that resulted were then converted to the 1 to 5 scale. Individual indicators were then weighted according to the expert panel's judgment of their importance. The scores were then tabulated into two weighted sub-indices: internal peace, weighted at 60% of a country's final score, and external peace, weighted at 40% of
1739-449: The institute is to conduct "scientific research on questions of conflict and cooperation of importance for international peace and security with the aim of contributing to an understanding of the conditions for peaceful solution of international conflicts and for a stable peace". The Swedish Riksdag decided that the Institute be established on 1 July 1966 with the legal status of an independent foundation. SIPRI's organisation consists of
1786-475: The least peaceful. Among the top 7 most populous nations accounting for over half of the world's population and approximately half of the total GDP of the world, Indonesia ranks 48th overall on the Global Peace Index, China 88th, India 116th, Brazil 131st, the United States 132nd, Pakistan 140th and Nigeria 147th. Findings of the 2024 GPI indicate a less peaceful world over the last 16 years,
1833-588: The most peaceful countries in each of nine regions of the world at which Helen Clark , UNDP Administrator, delivered the keynote address. The GPI is used by the UN and World Bank . The 9th annual Global Peace Index launched in 2015 includes 162 countries. IEP launched a series of National Peace Indices beginning with the United States Peace Index (USPI) in April 2011, The USPI ranks each state in
1880-419: The most peaceful. Mexico was found to be the 6th largest spender on violence containment in the world. It is estimated that it has cost the national economy 17% of their GDP to contain and manage the effects of direct and indirect violence. The Global Terrorism Index (GTI) is an attempt to systematically rank nations according to terrorist activity. Two editions have been released to date (2012 and 2014) and
1927-429: The relative importance of a range of potential determinants, or "drivers", which may influence the nurturing of peaceful societies, both internally and externally. Statistical analysis is applied to GPI data to uncover specific conditions conducive of peace. Researchers have determined that Positive Peace, which includes the attitudes, institutions, and structures that pre-empt conflict and facilitate functional societies,
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1974-583: The release of Building Blocks of Peace, a 4-module curriculum resource that offers step-by-step guidance for high school teachers to introduce "a fresh perspective to the issues surrounds global peace" into the classroom. Presented at both regional and national conferences, the Building Blocks of Peace materials are an addition to the resources available to teachers dedicated to educating global citizens. On 26 October 2010, The Institute for Economics and Peace and Media Tenor released "Measuring Peace in
2021-501: The volume of weapons as a single number, SIPRI has developed so-called trend-indicator value (TIV). It is a measure of major conventional weapons delivery volume in terms of its military capability, rather than its price. The SIPRI Mapping ATT -relevant Cooperation and Assistance Activities Database covers cooperation and assistance activities in regards to arms transfer and small arms and light weapons (SALW) controls since 2012. The database supports state's implementation of two treaties –
2068-441: The world's attention to the massive resources we are squandering in violence and conflict." Some at Australian National University say that the GPI report presents "the latest and most comprehensive global data on trends in peace, violence and war" and "provides the world's best analysis of the statistical factors associated with long-term peace, as well as economic analysis on the macroeconomic impacts of everyday violence and war on
2115-599: The world. Within the fields of study, SIPRI arranges numerous workshops, conferences, seminars and lectures, bringing together an all-encompassing spectrum of expertise to exchange views on relevant themes. Among these events, the largest are the Stockholm Forum on Peace and Development, the Stockholm Security Conference and SIPRI Lecture. The 2024 Stockholm Security Conference was held on the topic of 'Deterrence. Securing Europe, Managing
2162-601: Was delivered by HE Helen Clark, former Prime Minister of New Zealand and Administrator of the United Nations Development Programme. SIPRI is part of the Stockholm Hub on Environment, Climate and Security, which provides evidence-based insights on building security and prosperity and how to strengthen resilience in the face of a changing climate. The Stockholm Hub connects the expertise of SIPRI to three other leading research institutes:
2209-524: Was ranked among the top three non-US world-wide think tanks in 2014 by the University of Pennsylvania Lauder Institute 's Global Go To Think Tanks Report . In 2020, SIPRI ranked 34th amongst think tanks globally. In 1964, Prime Minister of Sweden Tage Erlander put forward the idea of establishing a peace research institute to commemorate Sweden's 150 years of unbroken peace. A Swedish Royal Commission chaired by Ambassador Alva Myrdal proposed in its 1966 report to establish an institute, later named
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